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Manor Pub2003 for Pdf Print.Pub Manor Farm Spaldwick A Background and Short History by Stuart Dixon September 2014 was an decisive time in the history of the Manor Farm house. Having been an important building on the High Street in Spaldwic since it was built in the 16th century it was rescued from decay and dilapidation for restoration. It had stood empty for many years since the last occupant died in 2005 and was in a sad and sorry state. To the delight of all the villagers it was bought by a professional restorer, Richard Johnson, whose enthusiasm for the pro(ect was matched inversely by those amateur diy-er*s who saw the amount of wor required, This short boo let attempts to put some history and colour on an important village landmar - there will be those who are more nowledgeable and I as for leniency where errors are found. .s usual I have probably rambled on and gone off at a tangent and there are still many gaps to be filled- consider this a first draft. Stuart Di0on January 2015 CONTENTS Introduction 4 Montagues 6 1opyhold Tenants 12 The 2arnards and 3ady Olivia Sparrow 13 The Ferrymans 16 INTRODUCTION The date of the building of the original Manor Farmhouse has yet to be determined e0actly. It was once thought to have been built about 1628 when the Earl, now Du e, of Manchester became 3ord of the Manor, but is probably older. In a 1826 Inventory of Huntingdon it is described as 9late 16th century: but recent e0amination of some of the timbers and structure show that it could be early 16th century. detailed survey was underta en in 1877 which showed the many changes that have ta en place over the life of the building, for e0ample, the e0tension to the west (left) which served as a separate dwelling for some considerable time (one Rhoda Paine lived there in the two ground floor rooms, the grand-daughter of the Rev. J Manning, Spaldwic Free 1hurch, and who died in Huntingdon Infirmary in February 1815 aged 104), and in the 18th century the (oist and rafters in the main rooms were plastered over and ba ing ovens built in to the open hearths. The whole building is constructed of good quality oa with some reused timber in the e0tension and throughout can be seen much evidence of the wattle and daub walling. MONTAGUES This Royal and Ducal House of Montagu is descended from Drogo de Montaigu, a Norman aristocrat, who was a companion of William, Du e of Normandy, William the 1onqueror . They came to prominence in the 16th century. The (udge Sir Edward MontaguAs (c.1485B1557) grandson, Sir Henry Montagu (c.1563B1642), who served as 3ord 1hief Justice of the CingAs 2ench (in which office it fell to him to pass sentence on Sir Walter Raleigh in October 1618), as well as 3ord High Treasurer of England and 3ord Privy Seal, was in 1620 raised to the Peerage as 2aron Montagu of Cimbolton, and as Discount Mandeville. In 1626 he was further honoured when he was created Earl of Manchester. His son, the 2nd Earl, was a prominent Parliamentary Eeneral during the 1ivil War, but later supported the restoration of 1harles II. His son, the 3rd Earl, represented Huntingdonshire in the House of 1ommons and it was his son , the 4th Earl, who in 1718 was created Du e of Manchester by Eeorge I. He had been .mbassador to the republic of Denice, to the court of France, and to the imperial court in Dienna and he became Principal Secretary of State in 1701. The 9Manchester: title is said to be based, not on the city of Manchester, but on Eodmanchester: an Earl of Eodmanchester would have been referred to as 93ord Eodmanchester:, with suggestions of blasphemy. They continued their prominence but the 2nd Du e*s five marriages were perhaps an early indication of their notoriety. In the 18th century the family fielded a Master of the Horse and 3ord 1hamberlain (the 4th Du e), and a Eovernor of Jamaica (the 5th Du e, whose wife ran away with a footman). The 7th Du e, in the 18th century, married a celebrated beauty 3ouise von .lten, who later went on to marry the 8th Du e of Devonshire. ROYAL GRANT OF THE MANORS OF SPALDWICK, ST. IVES WITH SLEEPE AND BUSTLERS AND THE STREET OF ST. IVES AND THE MANORS OF HALLIWELL CUM NEEDINGWORTH, JUNE 17 [A.D. 162 ]. PATENT ROLL, 4 CHARLES I. Part 14, No. 3. Abstract of a Grant to Henry Earl Of Manchester, to him and his heirs. The King to all to whom 6c. greeting Know .e that We 6c, of Our special grace and mere motion have given and granted and b. these presents for Us Our heirs and successors do give and grant to :Our right well beloved and right trust. cousin and counsellor) Henr. Earl of Manchester :President of Our Priv. Council) his heirs and assigns for ever All that Our manor of Spaldwick with all that the Soke of Spaldwick to the same manor pertaining, in Our Count. of Huntingdon, with all its rights, members, and appurtenances, and all lands, tenements, rents, and hereditaments in the said Count. of Huntingdon, called or known b. the name of the Manor of Spaldwick, ======.And also all those the perquisites and profits of Courts of the manor aforesaid which said manor of Spaldwick and other the premises above b. these presents before granted b. particular thereof are mentioned to be parcel of the lands and possessions late of the Bishop of Lincoln. =.and rendering .earl. to Us our heirs and successors of and for the aforesaid manor of Spaldwick, with the appurtenances, ?65. l1s. 2d. of lawful mone. 6c. The Daily Mail has described the Montagues as ADukes of degenerac.: fraudsters, drug addicts and Cailbirds D the Dukes of Manchester have shamed the aristocrac. for generationsE. History records that many of them and family members were involved in scandals of various sorts, but the same can be said of many families, aristocratic or not. However, all this was yet to pass and the 1st Earl was evidently in good standing with the Cing for he was rewarded by 1harles I with the 9Manors of Spaldwick, St Ives with Sleepe and Bustlers....and Halliwell cum Needingworth: on the 17th June 1628, at which time he was President of the Privy 1ouncil. G65 11s 2d was the annual charge payable to the Cing for the privilege. It seems possible therefore that following his ownership of Spaldwic the Du e decided upon some changes and amongst those was an e0tension to the e0isting house, the western, left, side, as a granary (the solid door entrance) and cheese room. There is some evidence, chamfered beams and roof purlins for e0ample, to suggest that the main part of the house was built much earlier, possibly around 1520, but by whom is still an annoying mystery. .t that time Spaldwic was under the (urisdiction of the 2ishop of 3incoln and he was a regular visitor to his 9palace: close to St. James church- a large manor house would be seen as an important addition to the village, AThe GeorgeE public house was built as a private house in about 1538, Ivy House about 1580. The house itself was the centre of a busy farm and indeed continued to be up to the late 20th century. In their 1785 tour of England on behalf of their father the Duc, the La Rochfoulcauld brothers stopped at AThe GeorgeE and remar ed on the amount of pasturage in and around the village- its prime purpose was the production of mil and cheese which was transported to 3ondon via 3ynn- perhaps the cheese room at the Manor was a central store for the village. COPYHOLD TENANTS I have yet to find out who was farming here before around 1730 as tenant of the Manchesters. .t some point during the 18th century the manor and much surrounding land were owned by Sir Robert 2ernardHa map of the 1775 enclosure of Spaldwic clearly shows thisHquite possibly as a 1opyholder. From medieval times all land had technically been owned by the Sovereign who granted parts, 9Manors:, to tenants (9tenants-in- chief:) who in turn granted portions to lesser tenants and so on, in return for some particular service or rent. There was though a distinction between 9free: and 9unfree: tenures. 3and held by unfree (servile or villein) was simply land held at the will or discretion of the 3ord of the Manor and unli e a freeholder had no security of tenure. villein*s life was dogged by insecurity, his family had no rights to inheritance for e0ample and the manorial court regulated his activities including permission to sublet or even for his daughter to marry. However, his status improved over time and by the 16th century social and Manor Farm, belonging to Sir Robert 2arnard (tracing of the 1775 Inclosure .ward Map by William Ins ip 3adds) economic change, the intervention of the courts at various times to protect villein tenants and the growing realisation that custom played an important part in legal decision ma ing meant that villeins were more secure in their tenancyHa copyholder tenancy. This was literally a tenancy held with an actual copy of the details held on the 1ourt Roll and the tenancy was thus officially registered, something that only applied to freeholders much later. To qualify as copyholder land it had to be part of a manor, it needed a manor court and, because it was based on custom it could not be newly created.
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