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Home , Ethics of technology

SCIENCE, & SOCIETY – READING LIST – NIELS MARTENS

Summer Semester 2018, RWTH Aachen University

SESSION 1 & 2 – 9 & 16 APRIL Lecture 9 April: General Introduction & Introduction to of Science Lecture 16 April: Introduction to

Philosophy of Science  Understanding , James Ladyman (2001), Routledge  Theory and Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science, Peter Godfrey-Smith (2003), The University of Chicago Press  A Treatise of Human , (1739), Book I, Part III, sections III- VI  The of Scientific Discovery, (1959), Hutchinson & Co, Chps 1, 4 & 10 (Section 85).  The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, (1962; 3rd Ed. 1998), University of Chicago Press 1998. Chps 8-11.  Structural Realism: the best of both worlds?, John Worrall (1989), reprinted in The Philosophy of Science, D. Papineau ed. 1996

Ethics  The Elements of Moral Philosophy, James Rachels, fifth edition by Stuart Rachels (2007), McGraw-Hill

Ethics of Science  Ethics and Science, Adam Briggle & Carl Mitcham (2012), Cambridge University Press

Ethics of Technology/ Humanities  Encyclopedia of Science Technology and Ethics, Carl Mitcham (editor; 2005), Macmillan reference USA  Thinking through Technology: the Path between Engineering and Philosophy, Carl Mitcham (1994), University of Chicago Press

Analytic Philosophy of Technology  Philosophy of Technology, Maarten Franssen, Gert-Jan Lokhorst & Ibo van der Poel (2009/2013), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

SESSION 3 – 23 APRIL Student Presentation: Ethical Conundrums of Self-driving Cars

Text to be presented:  The Ethics of Saving Lives with Autonomous Cars are Far Murkier Than You Think, Patrick Lin (2013), Wired

Secondary reading:  Why Ethics Matters for Autonomous Cars, Patrick Lin (2016), In Markus Maurer et al. (eds.) Autonomous Driving, Springer, p69-85  Responsibility for crashes of autonomous vehicles: an ethical analysis, A. Hevelke & J. Nida- Rümelin (2015), Science and , 21(3), p619-630

inspired by a reading list by Radin Dardashti

SESSION 4 – 30 APRIL Student Presentation: Science vs Pseudo-Science and Religion

Text to be presented:  The Logic of Scientific Discovery, Karl Popper (1959), Hutchinson & Co, Chapter 1.

Secondary reading:  Can’t philosophers tell the difference between science and religion?: Demarcation revisited, Robert Pennock (2011), Synthese 178(2):177-206  Science and Pseudo-Science, Sven Ove Hansson (2008 [2017]), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

THERE IS NO SEMINAR ON THE 7TH OF MAY!

SESSION 5 – 14 MAY (SEMINAR LEADER: JOSHUA ROSALER) Student Presentation: vs Anti-Realism

Texts to be presented:  A Confutation of Convergent Realism, (1981), Philosophy of Science, 48(1):19-49  Structural Realism: The Best of Both Worlds?, John Worrall (1989), Dialectica, 43(2):99-124

Secondary reading:  The Scientific Image, (1980), Clarendon Press. Chapter Two.  Scientific Realism: How Science Tracks Truth, Stathis Psillos (1999), Routledge.  Scientific Realism, Anjan Chakravartty, in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward Zalta (ed), http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/scientific-realism/  Understanding Philosophy of Science, James Ladyman (2002), Routledge. Chapters five – eight.

THERE IS NO SEMINAR ON THE 21ST OF MAY! (PENTECOST/ PFINGSTEN)

SESSION 6 – 28 MAY Student Presentation: Minds and Brains: Intelligence and

Texts to be presented:  The Computational Theory of Mind, Michael Rescorla (2015), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, §1-4.2, 7-7.5  Troubles with Functionalism, Ned Block (1978), Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 9 [You only need to present p261-266, p.277-285, that is I’d like you to present the homunculi- headed person and the China brain.]

Secondary reading:  Minds, Brains and Programs, John Searle (1980), Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(3):417-457

SESSION 7 – 4 JUNE Student Presentation: Tay bot

Reading:  Three blogs: o https://www.theverge.com/2016/3/24/11297050/tay-microsoft-chatbot-racist o https://www.theverge.com/2016/3/23/11290200/tay-ai-chatbot-released-microsoft o https://www.techrepublic.com/article/why-microsofts-tay-ai-bot-went-wrong/  Is that social bot behaving unethically?, Carolina Alves de Lima Salge & Nicholas Berente (2017), Communications of the ACM 60(9):29-31  Taxonomy of Pathways to Dangerous AI, Roman Yampolskiy (2015), ArXiv:1511.03246

SESSION 8 – 11 JUNE Student Presentation: Opportunities, challenges and dangers of future technology

Texts to be presented:  and the future of humanity: 7 ways the world will change by 2030, Sarwant Singh (2017), Forbes.com  Superintelligence, Nick Bostrom, Chapter 9: The Control Problem, Oxford University Press (uploaded to L2P)

Secondary reading:  Superintelligence, Nick Bostrom, Oxford University Press  Future progress in : A Survey of Expert Opinion, Vincent Müller & Nick Bostrom (2016), Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence, p555-572

SESSION 9 – 18 JUNE Student Presentation: Taxing Robots

Text to be presented:  The robot that takes your job should pay taxes, says Bill Gates, Kevin Delaney (2017), qz.com

Secondary reading:  Should Robots be taxed?, Joan Guerreiro, Sergio Rebelo & Pedro Teles (2018), NBER Working Paper 23806, doi:10.3386/w23806  Robotization without Taxation?, Robert Shiller (2017), Project Syndicate