Nikischerite Fe2+ 6Al3(OH)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

2+ Nikischerite Fe 6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2·6H2O - Crystal Data: Hexagonal. Point Group: 3 . As micaceous {00*1} plates, to 4 mm, that form radiating, irregular spherical aggregates and seams to 1 cm. Physical Properties: Cleavage: Perfect on {00*1}. Fracture: Irregular. Tenacity: Brittle. Hardness = 2 D(meas.) = 2.33(2) D(calc.) = 2.30 Optical Properties: Transparent to translucent. Color: Green to grayish white; colorless to grayish white in transmitted light. Streak: Pale grayish green. Luster: Dull to greasy. Optical Class: Uniaxial (-). ω = 1.560(1) ε = not determinable. Non-pleochroic. - Cell Data: Space Group: R3 . a = 9.352(7) c = 33.08(4) Z = 3 X-ray Powder Pattern: Huanuni tin mine, Dalence Province, Oruro Department, Bolivia. 10.980 (100), 5.539 (60), 3.674 (50), 2.425 (30), 1.932 (30), 2.624 (25), 4.311 (20) Chemistry: (1) Na2O 2.43 FeO 43.59 Al2O3 14.35 SO3 13.54 H2O [35.06] Total 108.97 (1) Huanuni tin mine, Dalence Province, Oruro Department, Bolivia; average of 18 electron microprobe analyses supplemented by IR spectroscopy, H2O calculated; corresponding to 2+ Na0.85Fe 6.55Al3.04S1.83O8(OH)18(H2O)12. Mineral Group: Shigaite group. Occurrence: On and within clay matrix in a hydrothermal vein polymetallic tin deposit. Association: Pyrite, pyrrhotite, siderite, cronstedtite, vivianite. Distribution: From the Huanuni tin mine, Dalence Province, Oruro Department, Bolivia. Name: Honors American geologist and mineral dealer Anthony (Tony) J. Nikischer (b. 1949), who discovered the mineral and who has for many years supplied rare minerals for scientific study. Type Material: Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (CMNMC 83499). References: (1) Huminicki, D.M.C., F.C. Hawthorne, J.D. Grice, A.C. Roberts, and J.L. Jambor (2003) Nikischerite, a new mineral from the Huanuni tin mine, Dalence Province, Oruro Department, Bolivia. Mineral. Record, 34, 155-158. (2) Huminicki, D.M.C. and F.C. Hawthorne 2+ (2003) The crystal structure of nikischerite, NaFe 6Al3(SO4)2(OH)18(H2O)12, a mineral of the shigaite group. Can. Mineral., 41, 79-82. (3) (2003) Amer. Mineral., 88, 1838 (abs. refs. 1 and 2). Mineralogical Society of America Handbook of Mineralogy Revised 4/13/2021 .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Cation Ordering and Pseudosymmetry in Layer Silicates'
I A merican M ineralogist, Volume60. pages175-187, 1975 Cation Ordering and Pseudosymmetryin Layer Silicates' S. W. BerI-nv Departmentof Geologyand Geophysics,Uniuersity of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, Wisconsin5 3706 Abstract The particular sequenceof sheetsand layers present in the structure of a layer silicate createsan ideal symmetry that is usually basedon the assumptionsof trioctahedralcompositions, no significantdistor- tion, and no cation ordering.Ordering oftetrahedral cations,asjudged by mean l-O bond lengths,has been found within the constraints of the ideal spacegroup for specimensof muscovite-3I, phengile-2M2, la-4 Cr-chlorite, and vermiculite of the 2-layer s type. Many ideal spacegroups do not allow ordering of tetrahedralcations because all tetrahedramust be equivalentby symmetry.This includesthe common lM micasand chlorites.Ordering oftetrahedral cations within subgroupsymmetries has not beensought very often, but has been reported for anandite-2Or, llb-2prochlorite, and Ia-2 donbassite. Ordering ofoctahedral cations within the ideal spacegroups is more common and has been found for muscovite-37, lepidolite-2M", clintonite-lM, fluoropolylithionite-lM,la-4 Cr-chlorite, lb-odd ripidolite, and vermiculite. Ordering in subgroup symmetries has been reported l-oranandite-2or, IIb-2 prochlorite, and llb-4 corundophilite. Ordering in local out-of-step domains has been documented by study of diffuse non-Bragg scattering for the octahedral catlons in polylithionite according to a two-dimensional pattern and for the interlayer cations in vermiculite over a three-cellsuperlattice. All dioctahedral layer silicates have ordered vacant octahedral sites, and the locations of the vacancies change the symmetry from that of the ideal spacegroup in kaolinite, dickite, nacrite, and la-2 donbassite Four new structural determinations are reported for margarite-2M,, amesile-2Hr,cronstedtite-2H", and a two-layercookeite.
[Show full text]
Minerals of Arizona Report
MINERALS OF ARIZONA by Frederic W. Galbraith and Daniel J. Brennan THE ARIZONA BUREAU OF MINES Price One Dollar Free to Residents of Arizona Bulletin 181 1970 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA TUCSON TABLE OF CONT'ENTS EIements .___ 1 FOREWORD Sulfides ._______________________ 9 As a service about mineral matters in Arizona, the Arizona Bureau Sulfosalts ._. .___ __ 22 of Mines, University of Arizona, is pleased to reprint the long-standing booklet on MINERALS OF ARIZONA. This basic journal was issued originally in 1941, under the authorship of Dr. Frederic W. Galbraith, as Simple Oxides .. 26 a bulletin of the Arizona Bureau of Mines. It has moved through several editions and, in some later printings, it was authored jointly by Dr. Gal Oxides Containing Uranium, Thorium, Zirconium .. .... 34 braith and Dr. Daniel J. Brennan. It now is being released in its Fourth Edition as Bulletin 181, Arizona Bureau of Mines. Hydroxides .. .. 35 The comprehensive coverage of mineral information contained in the bulletin should serve to give notable and continuing benefits to laymen as well as to professional scientists of Arizona. Multiple Oxides 37 J. D. Forrester, Director Arizona Bureau of Mines Multiple Oxides Containing Columbium, February 2, 1970 Tantaum, Titanium .. .. .. 40 Halides .. .. __ ____ _________ __ __ 41 Carbonates, Nitrates, Borates .. .... .. 45 Sulfates, Chromates, Tellurites .. .. .. __ .._.. __ 57 Phosphates, Arsenates, Vanadates, Antimonates .._ 68 First Edition (Bulletin 149) July 1, 1941 Vanadium Oxysalts ...... .......... 76 Second Edition, Revised (Bulletin 153) April, 1947 Third Edition, Revised 1959; Second Printing 1966 Fourth Edition (Bulletin 181) February, 1970 Tungstates, Molybdates.. _. .. .. .. 79 Silicates ...
[Show full text]
Nomenclature of the Micas
Mineralogical Magazine, April 1999, Vol. 63(2), pp. 267-279 Nomenclature of the micas M. RIEDER (CHAIRMAN) Department of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic G. CAVAZZINI Dipartimento di Mineralogia e Petrologia, Universith di Padova, Corso Garibaldi, 37, 1-35122 Padova, Italy Yu. S. D'YAKONOV VSEGEI, Srednii pr., 74, 199 026 Sankt-Peterburg, Russia W. m. FRANK-KAMENETSKII* G. GOTTARDIt S. GUGGENHEIM Department of Geological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA P. V. KOVAL' Institut geokhimii SO AN Rossii, ul. Favorskogo la, Irkutsk - 33, Russia 664 033 G. MOLLER Institut fiir Mineralogie und Mineralische Rohstoffe, Technische Universit/it Clausthal, Postfach 1253, D-38670 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany A. M, R. NEIVA Departamento de Ci6ncias da Terra, Universidade de Coimbra, Apartado 3014, 3049 Coimbra CODEX, Portugal E. W. RADOSLOVICH$ J.-L. ROBERT Centre de Recherche sur la Synth6se et la Chimie des Min6raux, C.N.R.S., 1A, Rue de la F6rollerie, 45071 Od6ans CEDEX 2, France F. P. SASSI Dipartimento di Mineralogia e Petrologia, Universit~t di Padova, Corso Garibaldi, 37, 1-35122 Padova, Italy H. TAKEDA Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino City, Chiba 275, Japan Z. WEISS Central Analytical Laboratory, Technical University of Mining and Metallurgy, T/'. 17.1istopadu, 708 33 Ostrava- Poruba, Czech Republic AND D. R. WONESw * Russia; died 1994 t Italy; died 1988 * Australia; resigned 1986 wUSA; died 1984 1999 The Mineralogical Society M. RIEDER ETAL. ABSTRACT I I End-members and species defined with permissible ranges of composition are presented for the true micas, the brittle micas, and the interlayer-deficient micas.
[Show full text]
The Behaviour of Siderite Rocks in an Experimental Imitation of Pyrometamorphic Processes in Coal-Waste Fires: Upper and Lower Silesian Case, Poland
minerals Article The Behaviour of Siderite Rocks in an Experimental Imitation of Pyrometamorphic Processes in Coal-Waste Fires: Upper and Lower Silesian Case, Poland Łukasz Kruszewski 1 and Justyna Ciesielczuk 2,* 1 Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences (ING PAN), Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland; [email protected] 2 Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, B˛edzińska60, 41-205 Sosnowiec, Poland * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 18 May 2020; Accepted: 26 June 2020; Published: 29 June 2020 Abstract: Little is known of the influence of fluxes on the nature and the intensity of burning in coal-waste heaps. To gain some insight, two siderite samples, one each from coal-mining waste heaps in Upper- and Lower Silesian Coal Basins (Poland), were heated under identical conditions in a thermal chamber coupled to a powder X-ray diffractometer. Differences in the behaviour of siderite phase and the products of its decomposition, mainly magnetite, wüstite, and olivine, are discussed. The waste heaps sampled underwent self-heating and self-ignition catalysed by fluxes. Though the samples are unlikely to be truly representative of the Silesian basins, the heterogeneous behaviour they displayed on heating merits description and explanation, as siderite is an important widely known flux in pyrometamorphic processes. Keywords: thermal chamber experiment; Powder X-ray Diffraction; pyrometamorphism; siderite; wüstite; magnetite; graphite 1. Introduction In coal basins in Poland, siderite occurs mainly as concretions of different sizes and shapes within mudstones, coaly shales, sandstones, and conglomerates hosting coal seams. As is common worldwide, these seams can undergo spontaneous combustion influenced by numerous external and internal factors [1–6].
[Show full text]
The Classification and Nomenclature of Clay Minerals
THE CLASSIFICATION AND NOMENCLATURE OF CLAY MINERALS By R. C. MACKENZIE The Macaulay Institute for Soil Research, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen [Received 21st April, 1959] ABSTRACT A report is given of the decisions reached at a meeting on the classifica- tion and nomenclature of clay minerals held under the auspices of Comit~ International pour l'Etude des Argiles at Brussels in July 1958. Tables of recently-proposed classification systems are included and some com- ments made on problems requiring agreement. The increasing interest in the classification and nomenclature of clay minerals over the last decade or so may be attributed largely to the development of investigational methods which enable a much more precise characterization of fine-grained minerals than was previously possible. In addition, however, the absence of any hard-and-fast rules as to new mineral nomenclature has led to a multiplicity of names through "new" minerals being described on the flimsiest of evidence, without regard as to whether they might be considered varieties of an already-established entity or indeed with- out, in many instances, adequate evidence of homogeneity. The resulting confusion is considerable, and the stage has now been reached when international agreement upon the main features of classification and nomenclature ought to be obtained. In an attempt to clarify the position representatives often countries met, under the" auspices of C.I.P.E.A., during the Journ6es Inter- nationales d'Etude des Argiles in Brussels in July, 1958.* Several decisions of interest were made at this meeting. (a) The following definition was adopted, subject to confirmation at the next meeting: Crystalline day minerals are hydrated silicates with layer or chain lattices consisting of sheets of silica tetrahedra arranged in hexagonal form condensed with octahedral layers; they are usually of small particle size.
[Show full text]
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS. 156 CATALOGUE MINERALS WITH THEIR FORMULAS, ETC. PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. BY T. EGLESTON. WASHINGTON: SMITHSOXIAX INSTITTTION; JUNE, 1S63. CO?(TEXTS. Advertisement iii Introduction ........... v Chemical symbols vii Systems of crystallization ........ ix Analytical table .......... xi Catalogue of minerals ......... 1 i Check list of mineraia .....,,.. 33 Alphabetical index .» o c ...... 39 Cii) ^ ADVERTISEMENT, The following Catalogue of Mineral Species has been prepared by Mr. Egleston, at the request of the Institution, for the purpose of facilitating the arranging and labelling of collections, and the conducting of exchanges, as well as of presenting in a compact form an outline of the science of mineralogy as it exists at the present day. In labelling collections it is considered important to give the chemical composition as well as the names, and hence the formulae have been added. Some doubt was at first entertained as to the system of classi- fication which ought to be adopted; but after due consideration it was concluded to make use of that followed by Professor Dana, in the last edition of his Manual of Mineralogy. "Whatever differ- ence of opinion may exist as to the best classification, the one here employed is that which will be most generally adopted in this country, on account of the almost exclusive use of Professor Dana's excellent Manual. The Institution is under obligations to Prof. Dana, Prof Brush, Dr. Genth, and other gentlemen, for their assistance in perfecting the work, and carrying it through the press. Copies of the Catalogue, printed on one side only, to be cut apart for labels, can be furnished on application.
[Show full text]
Minerals of the Montmorillonite Group Their Origin and Relation to Soils and Clays
If yon no longer need this publication write to the Geological Survey in Washington for an official mailing label to use in returning it UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MINERALS OF THE MONTMORILLONITE GROUP THEIR ORIGIN AND RELATION TO SOILS AND CLAYS GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 205-B UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Harold L. Ickes, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director Professional Paper 205-B MINERALS OF THE MONTMORILLONITE GROUP THEIR ORIGIN AND RELATION TO SOILS AND CLAYS BY CLARENCE S. ROSS AND STERLING B. HENDRICKS Shorter contributions to general geology, 1943-44 (Pages 23-79) UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1945 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 55 cents CONTENTS Page Page Abstract............. ........................... 23 Mineralogy of the montmorillonite group—Continued. Introduction.......... ............................ 23 Derivation of formulas—Continued. Methods of study. ........................... 24 Saponite-hectorite series...................... 46 Previous work.... ........................... 24 Suggested formulas........................... 47 Acknowledgments. ........................... 25 Thermal studies...................................... 48 Nomenclature........ ........................... 25 Essential hydroxyl............................... 48 Montmorillonite.. ........................... 25 Interlayer water................................. 52 Beidellite........ ..........................
[Show full text]
Mineralogy and Distribution of Critical Elements in the Sn–W–Pb–Ag–Zn Huanuni Deposit, Bolivia
minerals Article Mineralogy and Distribution of Critical Elements in the Sn–W–Pb–Ag–Zn Huanuni Deposit, Bolivia Andreu Cacho 1, Joan-Carles Melgarejo 1 , Antoni Camprubí 2,*, Lisard Torró 3 , Montgarri Castillo-Oliver 4, Belén Torres 1, David Artiaga 5, Esperança Tauler 1 , Álvaro Martínez 6, Marc Campeny 1,7, Pura Alfonso 8 and Osvaldo R. Arce-Burgoa 9,10 1 Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer de Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected] (A.C.); [email protected] (J.-C.M.); [email protected] (B.T.); [email protected] (E.T.); [email protected] (M.C.) 2 Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, Mexico 3 Geological Engineering Program, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru; [email protected] 4 ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems (CCFS) and GEMOC, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia; [email protected] 5 Centres Científics i Tecnològics, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer de Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected] 6 Departement des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Genève, Rue des Maraîchers 13, 1205 Genève, Switzerland; [email protected] 7 Departament de Mineralogia, Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, Passeig Picasso s/n, 08003 Barcelona, Spain 8 Departament d’Enginyeria Minera, Industrial i TIC, Escola Tècnica Superior d’Enginyeria de Mines de Manresa, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Avinguda de les Bases de Manresa 61–73, 08242 Manresa, Spain; [email protected] 9 Colegio de Geólogos de Bolivia, Edificio Señor de la Exaltación Nro.
[Show full text]
Iii. the Serpentine-Kaolin Group
Clay Minerals (1990) 25, 93-98 CRYSTALLOCHEMICAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF PHYLLOSILICATES BASED ON THE UNIFIED SYSTEM OF PROJECTION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION: III. THE SERPENTINE-KAOLIN GROUP A. WIEWIORA Institute ofGeological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, AI. Zwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland (Received 15 February 1989,. revised 20 July 1989) ABSTRACT: A unified system of projection of chemical composition, prepared initially for micas and chlorites, has been applied to minerals of the serpentine-kaolinite group. It has been shown that the chemical composition in the projection field is controlled by the formula, the unit of which is: (R~+R;+oJ(Si(2_ xIAI,jOs(OH)4, where u + y + z = 3, Z =Y - x. Using projection fields for different chemical systems it has been shown that among the most important end members are kaolinite minerals, true serpentines, berthierine, brindleyite, amesite, cronstedtite, greenalite, nepouite and their analogues having different substitutions in the octahedral sheets. CRYSTALLOCHEMICAL CLASSIFICAnON As shown for micas (Part I) and chlorites (Part II), the chemical composition and its relation to structure may be represented using the vector concept. If significant chemical composition, as given by the crystallochemical formula, is assigned to a definite point located at the intersections of isolines, this concept becomes also a useful basis for crystallochemical classification of minerals characterized by the 7 A repeat unit, i.e. the serpentine-kaolin group. As for micas and chlorites, the projection field contains isolines: IRz+ - sum of divalent cations, Mg, Fe2+, Ni and Mn per three octahedral positions; IR3+ - sum of trivalent cations, AI, Fe3+ and Cr per three octahedral positions; 10 - number of vacant sites per three octahedral positions; ISi(4_ x) - number of Si per two tetrahedral positions, where x is the number of trivalent cations substituting for Si.
[Show full text]
The Crystal Structure of Some Chamosite Minerals. with An
502 The crystal structure of some chamosite minerals. (With Plate XII.) By G. W. BRINDLEY, Ph.D., F.Inst.P. Reader in X-ray Physics, The University, Leeds. With an appendix: Geological and petroqraphical notes. By Prof. K. C. DUNHAM, Mr. V. A. EYLES, and Prof. J. H. TAYLOR. [Read in part at the Clay Minerals Group meeting, April 9, 1949.] 1. Introduction. HAMOSITE is a commonly occurring hydrous ferrous silicate fre- C quently found in close association with chalybite in marine mud- stone deposits, the composition of different beds ranging from almost pure chamosite to pure chalybite. In oolitic ironstones chamosite is found both in the ooliths themselves and also in the groundmass. It occurs as a constituent in shales, as a cementing mineral in sandstones, and is occasionally found in lateritic and other deposits. Mineralogically it is usually regarded as a chlorite, or akin to the chlorites, but evidence has been accumulating which tends to show that some varieties may not be chlorites at all, but are probably closely related to the kaolin group of minerals (Brindley, 1949). Following a preliminary announcement of these results by the present writer at the Clay Minerals Group meeting, April 1949, Orcel, H6nin, and Caill~re (1949) 1 examined a number of micaceous minerals in oolitic iron ores both by X-ray and by thermal methods. Out of fifteen speci- mens they found three with a kaolin- or antigorite-type structure and nine with a chlorite-type structure. Independently, Brindley and Youell have also applied thermal methods and obtained confirmatory evidence that the chamosites previously studied by the writer had indeed a kaolin-type rather than chlorite-type of structure.
[Show full text]
Polytypism of Cronstedtite from Chyňava, Czech Republic
Journal of Geosciences, 62 (2017), 137–146 DOI: 10.3190/jgeosci.239 Original paper Polytypism of cronstedtite from Chyňava, Czech Republic Jiří HYBLER1*, Jiří SEJKORA2 1 Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic; [email protected] 2 Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, 193 00 Prague 9, Czech Republic * Corresponding author Small druses and isolated crystals of cronstedtite in cavities of a quartz–calcite veinlet were encountered in the borehole drilled near Chyňava (central Bohemia, Czech Republic) in 1943–1944. Single crystals were studied by the X-ray dif- fraction with aid of the four circle diffractometer with an area detector. The interpretation of precession-like images of reciprocal lattice planes produced by the diffractometer software revealed the polytype 2H1 (of the subfamily – Bailey’s group D) as the most abundant. It occurs either as pure or mixed crystals with minor to negligible proportion of the 2H2 polytype of the same subfamily. Lattice parameters of both polytypes are: a = 5.4907(3), c = 14.1789(9) Å, space groups P63cm (2H1), and P63 (2H2). A crystal of the polytype 3T (subfamily A), twinned by reticular merohedry was sparingly found as well. Another unusual mixed crystal of subfamilies C+A contained the 1T polytype (subfamily C), a disordered portion of the subfamily A except for the apical part of the crystal, and small amount of 3T and possible traces of 6T2 polytypes (subfamily A) in the bottom part. Electron probe microanalysis of selected cronstedtite crystals revealed minor amounts of Cl up to 0.01 apfu (atoms per formula unit), and small amounts of Mg (0.13–0.24 apfu) regardless of the determined polytype.
[Show full text]
The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ALBERT B. FALL, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Bulletin 679 THE MICROSCOPIC DETERMINATION OF THE NONOPAQUE MINERALS BY ESPER S. LARSEN WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1921 CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Introduction.................................................. 5 The immersion method of identifying minerals........................... 5 New data............................................................. 5 Need of further data.................................................... 6 Advantages of the immersion method.................................... 6 Other suggested uses for the method.................................... 7 Work and acknowledgments............................................. 7 CHAPTER II. Methods of determining the optical constants of minerals ....... 9 The chief optical constants and their interrelations....................... 9 Measurement of indices of refraction.................................... 12 The embedding method............................................ 12 The method of oblique illumination............................. 13 The method of central illumination.............................. 14 Immersion media.................................................. 14 General features............................................... 14 Piperine and iodides............................................ 16 Sulphur-selenium melts....................................... 38 Selenium and arsenic selenide melts........................... 20 Methods of standardizing
[Show full text]