International Journal of Computer Engineering and Applications, Volume XII, Special Issue, September 18, www.ijcea.com ISSN 2321-3469

A VIEW ON COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE INTEGRATED WITH

WEB SERVICES

Vishal Kumar Sagtani Kamakhya Bansal Ishmeet Kaur Assistant Professor Student Student Information Technology Information Technology Information Technology Jaipur Engineering College and Jaipur Engineering College and Jaipur Engineering College and Research Centre Research Centre Research Centre Jaipur, India Jaipur, India Jaipur, India [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Abstract- before shifting entirely to and to get a Cloud computing is a technology entertaining mobile user trade-off between what users demand and what providers and ensuring optimistic resource utilization for achieving offer. business goals and when integrated with web services synthesizes a server-oriented architecture. There are many Keywords— Cloud Computing, Web Services, Scalability, Security, cloud computing vendors mention ably AWS, Quality and Cost , HPE HELION, IBM, VMware, and providing different services at different costs I. INTRODUCTION with different features. The impact of technology has created a hassle in choosing best fit out of the pool of The first thing that comes in every mind when it comes to providers. This research paper aims at resolving this chaos exploring the infinite world of from our own finite by providing an informative analysis of the different cloud is cloud computing. In simple words, cloud computing provides computing providers on the basis of various parameters us the storage without expanding our hard disk or a RAM, specifically cost, quality, scalability and security, allowing allows us to code in any language including java, .net, php, etc. novices to have a careful study of the service providers

Vishal Kumar Sagtani, Kamakhya Bansal, Ishmeet Kaur 1

A VIEW ON CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE INTEGRATED WITH WEB SERVICES

without the requisite platform and allows us to use the feature In network, cloud providers find out the total network of any software without installing it[1]. Cloud computing is a cost. It includes network hardware costs, network concept of using the Internet to allow people to access infrastructure maintenance and labour. All these cost technology enabled services. It allows users to consume are added and final network cost decided. services without the knowledge of control over the technology 2) Compute: Cost per GB of virtual disk infrastructure that supports them. Cloud computing is made up Every firm has different set of requirements in this of three layers. So, the foundation of cloud computing is computing area which includes CPU. Now the cost of Infrastructure and first layer is Software as a CPU is calculated by the firm’s cost per GB of virtual disk which consists - service followed by a [2]. 3) Storage: Cost per GB of Virtual Disk Storage costs are exactly same as computer cost. So it includes the storage hardware cost and cost to maintain Deployment models [3] of Cloud Computing are:- all these hardware.

A. Public Cloud - Public cloud is the most common model of B. Scalability cloud computing operated by the third party [5]. It Scalability is the potential of an environment or a network to provided all resources like storage, hardware, handle growing amount of traffic and to expand or adjust itself applications etc over the internet. is an according to the given condition. So, scalability directly or example of public cloud. indirectly depends on elasticity, it can also be achieved by over accoutrements. It is best for applications facing a large amount B. Private Cloud - Private cloud is infrastructure operated of traffic or sudden traffic. only for a single firm. It is managed by third party or by organization itself. There are two types of scalability - 1) Scale Vertically or Scale up C. Community Cloud - Community cloud is a model which This type of scalability can work in a limited scope with shares the web services with a limited number of users or any application. In an elastic environment if you wanted firms and it is managed by these firms or third party. to increase the scope of this scalability you have to shift the application on bigger virtual machine or you have to D. Hybrid Cloud - Hybrid cloud is a combination of public resize that existing virtual machine. and private cloud model because there are various organizations or firms which required the features of both 2) Scale Horizontally or Scale out these models [6]. Horizontal scaling is more difficult to understand as compared to the vertical scaling. In an elastic Section 2 describes the aim and approach of the research by environment, scale out would be achieved by feeding explaining the parameters on which study is performed like – more occurrences of the application tiers on cost, scalability, security and quality of service. Section 3 supplementary virtual machines and they actually divide introduces reader to the web services provided by the cloud. all the traffic among them. Section 4 and 5 give a brief description of leading cloud service providers and the exclusive products developed by Scalability has following two uses - them. Section 6 analyses all the providers on the basis of 1) Its property of resizing whenever we face higher already discussed parameters to enhance user’s ability to traffic than usual. choose the most suitable provider. 2) Second is not only it has the feature of resizing itself but it actually make full use of it. II. AIM AND APPROACH C. Security So in this section we will discuss the all the parameters of To maintain this parameter in the cloud computing we have cloud computing and how they are different from each other. made several policies and technologies to protect application They are:- data, our infrastructure or information of our application. As cloud behaves as a shared resource, access control, identity A. Cost - If we want to understand this parameter we can take management and seclusion is very important. Data security is an example, when you are planning for a trip to Europe then the most important parameter of cloud computing as compared you have to make a budget list which contains many to others. It basically means to save our information from different sections. deletion, robbery or data leakage. There are four aspects that

every cloud provides needs to take care when it comes to We can divide the cost factor into following three groups- 1) security - Network [7]: Cost per Rack unit

Vishal Kumar Sagtani, Kamakhya Bansal, Ishmeet Kaur 2

International Journal of Computer Engineering and Applications, Volume XII, Special Issue, September 18, www.ijcea.com ISSN 2321-3469

• Strict regulatory standards If we keep our standards high then it will automatically result in better security. The standards include certifications and attestations like – FISMA, HIPAA, etc. • Security Tools It is basically to increase our existing security and achieve a better position as compared to others. There are many security tools like – AppRiver, Barracuda Web Security Service, etc. • Confidentiality Firm has to be careful about the data and it has to be kept confidential.

D. Quality Now there are many cloud providers and all are providing the III. CLOUD PROVIDERS features of cloud but what makes them different from others is There are various providers of cloud [11] – quality they are giving to the users. It is clear from given figure that cloud comes with its own lexicon. Application, Platform A. Azure and infrastructure are the terms we all are familiar with. All Azure, a product of Microsoft, is a comprehensive set of cloud these are the services provided by cloud computing services entertaining a wide range of developers by providing [10] – them a platform to rebuilt an existing system or create a system 1. from scratch using a vast network of data centres. Saas is mainly for end users. It is the method of providing Azure is – services on internet. So instead of taking the burden of • Productive – Azure provides its users with a set of more than installation and maintenance of any application or software, you 100 cloud services for testing and deployment of enterprise can simply make use of this feature of cloud computing and apps, creation of custom mobile experiences and gaining easily use that software. It is also called on-demand software or insights from stored data [12]. hosted software. All the Saas applications are install and run on • Hybrid – Azure is hybrid by allowing users to build and cloud service provider’s system. Provider gives them security, deploy solutions consistently, maintain SQL server’s maintenance and particular environment. performance and security, provides an active directory for developers. 2. Infrastructure as a service • Intelligent – Azure is an open platform to develop It is basically a service which provides an on demand applications with built-in intelligence using machine infrastructure, which automatically scales up and down learning, data services and cognitive services. according to the traffic and the user just has to pay for what he • Trusted – Azure is not only trusted because of having more is used. It basically avoids the stress of installing and certifications than any other cloud provider including – maintaining the software. ISO/IEC, CSA/CCM, ITAR, CJIS, HIPAA, IRS 1075 but also because of consistently meeting all the crystal clear 3. Platform as a service security and privacy requirements [13]. Like Iaas, Paas also includes servers, storage and networking but it also includes development tools, database management B. IBM and business analytics and operating system also. It basically IBM provides robust cloud computing environment for helps you to reduce the stress of purchasing and maintaining the providing users the best out of the cloud. IBM specialists software. There are many definitions of Quality Management possess a combination of experience and leadership, leading to Software but here we define it- software which automates the the development of a secure, feature rich solution for any working of organisation work and increase its efficiency level. business [14]. It automates the cycle for the following processes- Document Management, FMEA / APQP, Non- Key benefits of IBM Cloud [15] are – • Conformances/Corrective and Preventive Actions, Audit Exceptional measures to ensure practicality Management, Supplier Management, and Inspections • Tools for analysing stored data and performing various operations on it • Consistency, Security and Reliability • Compatible with IBM technology and platforms • Speed as fast as DevOps tools like Ansible

Vishal Kumar Sagtani, Kamakhya Bansal, Ishmeet Kaur 3

A VIEW ON CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE INTEGRATED WITH WEB SERVICES

C. AWS • Amazon , created by Amazon, provides users with a) Amazon Web Services – Amazon AWS aims more than 90 services and operates 43 availability zones within at fulfilling the most demanding requirements of 16 geographic regions around the globe. AWS is flexible, user including [18] – modifying itself with the changing requirements and expectations of users in fields of database storage, content  Security – satisfy information security delivery, etc and help in the development of sophisticated requirements, applications. AWS is a leading giant of cloud Web Services  Compliance – rich auditing and control, and such as development and testing tools.  Hybrid architecture for cost efficiency b) Elastic Cloud – Amazon EC2 is a web- D. HPE Helion service providing security, web-scalability and flexibility Developed by HP (Hewlett Packard), HPE Helion provides in the cloud. EC2 has a good interface ensuring an ease of benefits of hybrid cloud by mixing public and private cloud in use while configuring capacity or performing other a cost efficient manner to improve collaboration, data operations. EC2 is fault-tolerant and doesn’t waste much protection and content access. time while recovering from a failure [19]. c) S3 – S3 is a storage tool provided by Amazon E. Salesforce for storing and retrieving data from anywhere in the world. Based on customer relationship management and hosted by S3 provides its users with security, access control, AWS, Salesforce based on SaaS (Software as a Service) model flexibility and compatibility with most stringent provides readymade software such that users have to pay only regulatory requirements. for the service used [16]. • HP F. VMWare a) HP ALM SaaS – It is an agile based software VMware is a cloud infrastructure solution transforming the development system for testing applications in different business in the way exactly they were build. Headquartered in phases of software development process. It provides Silicon Valley, VMware entertains more than 500,000 users with a tool for – Test Management, Requirements customers and around 75,000 partners. It is a proprietary Management, and Agile Project Management. solution leading to an increased problem resolution time [17]. b) Cloud Application Delivery – Accelerates the delivery of applications and services and gives a better IV. PRODUCTS BY VARIOUS CLOUD PROVIDERS control of the cloud environment. It allows users to Products used by leading cloud providers for various Web create a hybrid IT specific to their needs in best available services are listed as - price and security. • Microsoft c) Enterprise Services Cloud Compute – a) MS Office 365 – Contains all the apps most liked by Provides users with – Network Services, Mobility users like – Word, Excel, PowerPoint, OneNote, services, Security Services, Accelerate Apps, and an Outlook, OneDrive, etc available on all devices option to Manage Devices. It has various clouds like – irrespective of operating system used. AWS, IBM and Azure located around the world to b) Windows Azure – Cloud computing platform for reduce complexity and cost of multiple networking building and hosting online Web application using devices used. data centers. c) Microsoft Private Cloud – Provides on-demand and • Salesforce scalable services along with an assurance of security, a) Salesforce.com – Leading American cloud computing performance and control. company with following services [20]:- • IBM SaaS Products  Salesforce – a case management and task management a) Smart Cloud Application Services – It consists of tool, 5 areas - Application Lifecycle, Application  Community Cloud – allowing to extend web Resources, Application Environments, properties Application Management and Integration to  Work.com – a performance management platform, provide end-to-end services for user applications.  Data.com – an online business directory of companies b) SmartCloud Enterprise – Developed to resolve the and business professionals, problems of high labour and high capital costs,  Desk.com - a SaaS customer service SmartCloud Enterprise provides a secure application, environment for development and testing of  Do.com – a cloud based task management system, applications.  AppExchange – an application marketplace,

Vishal Kumar Sagtani, Kamakhya Bansal, Ishmeet Kaur 4

International Journal of Computer Engineering and Applications, Volume XII, Special Issue, September 18, www.ijcea.com ISSN 2321-3469

Configuration of CRM application, and B. Based on Scalability b) Force.com – Ensures users for creation of a solid, secure, Scalability is a very important parameter while choosing a cloud and scalable product by delivering out-of-box tools and provider especially for new business. It is very difficult to automation services. It is the only platform providing a predict the number of customers before starting the business drag and drop facility for application development and even after start up, there is a chance that the number of without using a single line of code. It provides an customers may increase or decrease exponentially. So, the users automatic synchronisation of external data sources and rely on cloud’s scalability to tackle with the changing amount a compatible interface. of customers [24]. S. No. IaaS Public Cloud Services Market Share • VMware a) vFabric – vFabric is a curriculum designed as a 2016 Market 2015 Market 2016-2015 Share (%) Growth (%) combination of several technologies namely – Company Share (%) SpringSource, GemFire, Hyperic and RabbitMQ, specifically for development, execution and 1. Amazon 44.2 39.8 45.9 management of Java applications. It is an open source tool based on the principle of write once, and run 2. Microsoft 7.1 5.8 61.1 anywhere. b) vSphere – VMware vShpere or VMware Infrastructure 3. Google 2.3 1.5 100.0 is a combination of virtualization products like ESXi, hypervisor and vCenter. 4. Others 47.4 53.9 6.5 c) vCloud – An automation tool for both public and private

cloud. vCloud relies on vsphere for infrastructure and act AWS (Amazon Web Services) is auto-scalable i.e., provides as an upgrade to the same. both scale-up (for increasing no of customers) and scale-down

(for decreasing no of customers). AWS offers an elastic V. RESULTS OF COMPARISON approach allowing users to run resources as per their need and

pay as per their usage. Also, AWS works on hybrid architecture A. Based on Cost i.e., a mix of public and private cloud to ensure optimum cost The following table contains a list of cloud service providers with a good amount of security. Hybrid cloud assures good along with the cost of services, with specifications as 4GB scalability but at a slight compromise with reliability due to the RAM, 20GB storage, 2x CPU Power and Linux/Windows presence of diverse environments. So, Microsoft Azure, HPE operating system, provided as [22] – Helion and Amazon Web Services working on hybrid architecture are one of the best scalable cloud providers [25].

C. Based on Security S. No. Cost of Public Cloud Services Security comprises of many features but when it comes to cloud it is restricted to these [26] – Company Price (in 2015 Market 2016-2015 Growth (%) $) Share (%) Comparative Study of Vendors S. 1. CloudWare 37 39.8 45.9 Transfer or No. Hourly Provider Name PayAs-You- Security Bandwidth Cost of IP Go 2. Amazon 63 5.8 61.1 5 free Free mappable Microsoft Firewall, transfer- 3. Microsoft 69 1.5 100.0 1 Yes IP, private Azure VPN in, pay- IP at asyou-go 4. Windows 77 53.9 6.5 0.004$/hr Free Free mappable VPN, transfer 2 AWS Yes IP, private Price of the services doesn’t affect much as with the increasing Firewall in, pay- IP at competition among the providers, the price drop by one asyou-go 0.005$/hr provider results to a price drop by all major providers to remain Encrypted Free Free in market and to be best liked by the users. So, the service Storage, transfer- mappable provider chosen may not be the most affordable for today but 3 Google Yes VPN and in, pay- IP, private Firewall asyou-go IP at will very soon become so to match the others [23]. 0.01$/hr

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A VIEW ON CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE INTEGRATED WITH WEB SERVICES

Google Cloud satisfies all criterions except FISMA compliance. charge for their support but have a reliable and useful support. On the other hand, Azure and Amazon Web Services provide AWS offers a chat option also which is not offered by Google FISMA compliance along with other criterions but fail to use or Azure. Azure is an easy to use tool, especially for Windows encryption for storing data [27]. Even though AWS offers better users while AWS provides a rich set of services and integrated preventive and reactive security measures than other providers monitoring tools. Azure offers an excellent and consistent including others but still Azure proves to be a very secure and server performance not much appealing for command line users reliable platform. Along with security, Azure provides an [30]. excellent interface with features like single-click sign-in for VI. CONCLUSION development and execution of applications [28]. Most of the companies small or big are striving towards cloud to exploit the benefits of a cheap, reliable, scalable and flexible D. Based on Quality of service infrastructure, platform or software. With the changing Quality of Service depends on the quality of committed services demands of businesses or private individuals, various cloud provided to users and also on the support to handle the providers are adapting the services provided, adding new problems, if arise. Many cloud providers forget to focus on features and further many new providers have emerged. Each existing clients by providing them good support but instead aim business before choosing a cloud provider should make a list of at potential customers only. This leads to a fall in market shares the expectations and requirements from the cloud and then jump of the organisation which may not be good for the future. to internet surfing. The results of the comparative study clearly show that none of the service provider is the best for all kinds of needs of various users; one may lead in some parameter but S. No. User Review also lags behind in some other parameter. If users want highly scalable software in the minimum cost then they have to Company Ratings (out Comments compromise with the security or any other parameter. So, the of 5) users are required to have a check for the most important features with which they cannot compromise and then only they IBM 4.4 Provides more scalability and can get the best and most suitable provider for them. Also, reliability with high-end security 1. during the business if the users’ need changes then they have to choose another suitable provider for the new needs. Salesforce Amazon 4.4 Amazon offers a dazzling array is an excellent tool for customer relationship management. If of services, including email, AWS datastore doesn’t fit user’s need then user can create a message queue, machine custom MySQL datastore. Also, AWS supports containers for learning, data platform, etc large amount of data or sudden change in frequency of 2. customers. EC2 has a wide range of availability zones making Microsoft 4.4 Azure has a substantial it very robust irrespective of user’s location. Google is very advantage of being vertically- economical and offers a very frequent price drops. Microsoft integrated in terms of the code Azure has improved a lot and now proves to be the most 3. being written compatible server with traditional models. This work presents users with a comparative study of cloud by leading brands like Google 4.5 Google proves to be the cheapest and fastest cloud provider with – Amazon, HP, IBM, Microsoft, Google, VMware and its own transatlantic lines Salesforce on the basis of some of the most important 4. parameters like – cost, scalability, market share, security and quality of service to enable readers with an opportunity to VMware 4.3 Best third party applications and support quickly select an accurate provider most appropriate with their 5. business needs.

Salesforce 4.25 Easy to customize to meet an FUTURE SCOPE enterprise’s size requirements, provides an easy way to The analysis has been limited up to a few parameters only which 6. administer for non-technical can be extended to include more parameters like – people as well as for developers  Preinstalled cloud server images  Windows license, SQL server license, RedHat Linx Combines variety of hybrid license, Transfer MS license, etc. cloud capabilities into a single

HPE Helion 3.8 and simplified software and  Location Availability 7. include full-stack automation  SLA level, SLA credit, SQA exceptions etc  Backup storage, RAID level, automatic failover to other server, Tier 3 + DC, etc. Google provides its users with a free 24 * 7 support available  Services like – Cloud files, CDN, DNS, NoSQL, SQL, through email or phone (not through chat) along with a forum Memcache, dedicated servers, etc. and knowledge base for the same. Microsoft Azure and AWS

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International Journal of Computer Engineering and Applications, Volume XII, Special Issue, September 18, www.ijcea.com ISSN 2321-3469

 Free trials, Money back guarantee, etc. for first time [14] IBM research cloud evolution and efficiencies Lorraine users Herger and Carlos Fonseca Research Integrated Solutions,  Third-party tools support – Rightscale and IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY, US (2016) [15] IBM cloud solutions for home automation Samah Attitalla

and others GTU PG School Gandhinagar, Gujrat, India (2017) [16] Salesforce service cloud Felcia Duarte and Rachelle Hoffman USA (2017) REFERENCES [17] Virtualization and private cloud with VMware cloud suite Lee Chao (2017) [1] Cloud Computing – Theory and Practice Dan C. Marinescu [18] Laws, Logs and Forensic Traceability: Case Study: Amazon (2017) Web [2] Cloud Computing – Methodoloy, Systems and Applications Services and Cloud Watch Wallin and Patric Dalarna Lizhe Wang and others (2017) University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Computer Engineering (2016) [3] An autonomous trust model for cloud integrated framework C. K. Shyamala and Ashwathi Chandran (2018) [19] Cloud Performance Modeling with Benchmark evaluation of elastic scaling strategies Kai Hwang and Xiaoying Bai [4] Towards a public cloud services registry Ahmed Department of Computer Science and Technology, Mohammed Ghamry and others Decision Support and e- Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (2017) Service Intelligence Lab Centre for Artificial Intelligence School of Software, University of Technology, Sydney, [20] Cloud based system integration: System integration Australia (2017) between Salesforce.com and Web-based ERP system using Apache camel Johansson Henrik Karlstad University, [5] Orchestrating hybrid cloud services Stephane Herman Maes Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, and others Hewlett-Packard Enterprise Development LP Department of Computer Science (2017) (2016) [21] A precise Model for Stephaniew [6] A review paper on considerations and challenges cloud Challita and others University de Lille, Sciences et computing Technologies, France (2016) [22] Cloudware: an emerging Khushboo Jain and Vinod Maan College of Engineering and software paradigm for cloud computing Jingxuan Zhang Technology, Mody University, India (2017) and others Tongji University, China (2016) [7] Cloud Computing architecture for managing hardware [23] Method and system for dynamic pricing of web resources on network elements An Wei and Kangkang Shen services utilization A. H. Vermeulen and J. P. Bezos (2017) FutureWei Technologies Inc. (2018) [24] Adjusting resource usage for cloud based networks [8] forensics : MEGA as a case study Kim- James Michael Ferris Red Hat Inc. (2017) Kwang Raymond Choo and others (2017) [25] A survey on resource scheduling in cloud computing: [9] A trusted evidence collection method based on the trusted issues and challenges Sukhpal Singh and Inderveer Chana third-party for cloud platform lili Wu and others Beijing Computer Science and Key Laboratory of Trusted Computing, Beijing University Engineering Department, Thapar University, Patiala, India of Technology, Beijing, China (2016) (2016) [10] An invocation cost optimization method for web services in cloud environment Liayong Qi and others School of Web References Information Science and Engineering, Qufu Normal [26] https://www.cloudorado.com/cloud_storage_comparison.js University, China (2017) p [11] Storms ahead for cloud service providers David Flint, U.K. [27] http://www.exelanz.com/knowledge-center/compare-laas- (2017) providers/ [12] Introduction to Azure Automation Shijimol Ambi Karthikeyan Bangalore, India (2016) [28] https://www.predictiveanalyticstoday.com/hp-helion/ [29] [13] Example of a trustworthy cloud computing platform in https://www.g2crowd.com/products/salesforce- detail: Microsoft Azure Vladimir O. Safonov St. Petersburg crm/reviews University, Russia (2016) [30] https://www.gartner.com/reviews/market

Vishal Kumar Sagtani, Kamakhya Bansal, Ishmeet Kaur 7