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Whiteboxlösningar I Nätverksmiljö MÄLARDALEN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF INNOVATION, DESIGN AND ENGINEERING VÄSTERÅS, SWEDEN Examensarbete för högskoleingenjörsexamen i nätverksteknik 15hp WHITEBOXLÖSNINGAR I NÄTVERKSMILJÖ Joakim Blomgren [email protected] Henrik Johansson [email protected] Examinator: Mats Björkman Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden Handledare: Sara Lundahl Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden Handledare: Mauritz Norman Cygate, Solna, Sweden Joakim Blomgren & Henrik Johansson WHITEBOXLÖSNINGAR I NÄTVERKSMILJÖ Sammanfattning Rapporten behandlar ett examensarbete med fokus på att hitta och jämföra en whiteboxlösning mot en nuvarande nätverksenhet åt företaget Cygate. Whiteboxlösningar är ett växande koncept som är relativt outforskat och den större delen av nätverksmarknaden domineras fortfarande av etablerade märken. En brist på jämförelser mellan whiteboxslöningar och etablerade märken är en bidragande orsak till denna rapport. Cygate ville veta om det fanns några whiteboxlösningar som kunde mäta sig prestandamässigt mot en av deras nuvarande enheter. Olika whiteboxlösningar granskades och analyserades med fokus på porthastighet, antal portar och stöd för utvalda protokoll. Den teoretiska undersökningen av olika whiteboxlösningar gjorde att det gick att konstatera att det fanns en whiteboxlösning som levde upp till liknade prestanda som den nuvarande nätverksenheten. Whiteboxlösningen levde upp till de kraven som ställts från Cygate och visade sig vara mer ekonomiskt lönsam och på vissa punkter ha bättre prestanda. Granskningen visar att ett företag kan förbättra sin prestanda och minska sina kostnader genom att implementera en whiteboxlösning. 2 Joakim Blomgren & Henrik Johansson WHITEBOXLÖSNINGAR I NÄTVERKSMILJÖ Innehållsförteckning 1. Inledning ........................................................................................................................... 5 2. Bakgrund ........................................................................................................................... 6 2.1. Switch ......................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2. Lager 2 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.3. Lager 3 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.4. Virtual Local Network ........................................................................................................................................ 6 2.4.1. Virtual Extensible Local Network ............................................................................................... 6 2.5. Routingprotokoll ................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.5.1. Open Shortest Path First ................................................................................................................ 7 2.5.2. Border Gateway Protocol ............................................................................................................... 7 2.6. Datacenter ................................................................................................................................................................ 7 2.7. Hårdvara ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.8. Mjukvara ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.9. Cisco ............................................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.9.1. Cisco Nexus 9332PQ ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.9.2. Cisco NX-OS .......................................................................................................................................... 8 2.10. Open Switch ............................................................................................................................................................. 9 2.10.1. Bare Metal Switch .............................................................................................................................. 9 2.10.2. White Box Switch ............................................................................................................................... 9 2.10.3. Brite Box Switch ................................................................................................................................. 9 2.11. Proof of Concept ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 3. Tidigare arbeten ............................................................................................................. 10 3.1. Edgecore AS7712-32X .......................................................................................................................................10 3.2. Cisco ...........................................................................................................................................................................10 3.3. Pica8 PicOS .............................................................................................................................................................11 4. Frågeställning ................................................................................................................. 12 5. Metod ............................................................................................................................... 13 6. Etiska och samhälleliga överväganden ......................................................................... 14 7. Beskrivning av arbete .................................................................................................... 15 7.1. Insamling av information ................................................................................................................................15 7.2. Whiteboxlösning vs Cisco Nexus 9332PQ .................................................................................................16 8. Resultat ............................................................................................................................ 17 8.2. Edgecore AS7712-32X .......................................................................................................................................17 8.3. Pica8 PicOS .............................................................................................................................................................18 8.4. Jämförelse av hårdvara ....................................................................................................................................18 8.5. Jämförelse av mjukvara ...................................................................................................................................19 8.6. Whitebox vs Cisco ................................................................................................................................................19 3 Joakim Blomgren & Henrik Johansson WHITEBOXLÖSNINGAR I NÄTVERKSMILJÖ 9. Diskussion ....................................................................................................................... 20 10. Slutsatser ......................................................................................................................... 21 11. Framtida arbete .............................................................................................................. 22 Referenser ............................................................................................................................... 23 Bilaga A ................................................................................................................................... 26 Bilaga B ................................................................................................................................... 29 Tabellförteckning Tabell 1 - Utvalda specifikationer från Cisco Nexus 9332PQ [26] ........................................ 15 Tabell 2 - Utvalda specifikationer från EdgeCore AS7712-32X och Cisco Nexus 9332PQ .... 18 Tabell 3 - Utvalda specifikationer från Pica8s PicOS och Cisco NX-OS ................................ 19 Tabell 4 - Ekonomiska aspekter mellan whiteboxlösningen och Cisco ................................... 19 Tabell 5 - Mjukvarornas stöd för protokoll, support samt kostnad ......................................... 30 4 Joakim Blomgren & Henrik Johansson WHITEBOXLÖSNINGAR I NÄTVERKSMILJÖ 1. Inledning Nätverksmarknaden bygger idag på ett antal olika märken som dikterar vilka nätverksenheter som finns ute för försäljning. Företag som till exempel Cisco och Juniper skapar ett specifikt antal nätverksenheter och ger kunden möjlighet att välja den enhet som passar bäst. Möjligheterna att modifiera enheterna är begränsade och ofta till en hög kostnad. Företagen väljer ut en hårdvara och mjukvara
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