CIKITUSI JOURNAL FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH ISSN NO: 0975-6876
SIMULATION OF INTER-VLAN ROUTING COMMUNICATION
K. SATHISH P.G. Student, Department of Computer Applications, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore
Abstract: This Project work is totally primarily based upon VLAN technology. It’s a technology that is employed to logically divide the network into totally different broadcast domains. So the packets are delivered among the port of same VLAN cluster. Between VLAN directing method is a procedure which is utilized to permit diverse VLANs to impart. So as to impart we utilize switch interface or multilayer switches. All alternative switch ports connect with user devices, in order that they would wish to be organized as access ports. We have executed this Inter-VLAN steering ideas utilizing Packet Tracer Tool 6.0.1.
Keywords- VLAN; Subinterface; Inter-VLAN; VLAN ID; Access mode; Trunk mode
I. INTRODUCTION:
The VLAN technology functions square measure accustomed phase the network into totally different broadcast domains. The packets were delivered between ports with a similar VLAN cluster member. VLANs divide broadcast domains during a computer network setting. Whenever hosts in one VLAN have to be compelled to communicate with hosts in another VLAN, the traffic should be routed between them. This can be referred to as inter-VLAN routing. On Catalyst switches it's accomplished by the creation of Layer three interfaces (switch virtual interfaces (SVIs) ).
Inter-VLAN routing is employed to allow totally different VLANs to speak. Totally different router interface configurations facilitate inter-VLAN routing. VLAN may be a distinctive broadcast domain. By default alternative VLAN computers don't seem to be ready to communicate.
However, within the general configuration technique, as a result of VLANs square measure managed statically by directors, numerous issues like high body price and conflict or insufficiency of VLAN- IDs could arise particularly in massive scale organizations wherever VLANs square measure managed by every department. [1] [17]
II. PROBLEM DEFINITION
A. Inter-VLAN Routing
In this lesson we are going to take a look at routing between VLANs. When we want communication between different VLANs we’ll need a device that can do routing. We could use an external router but it’s also possible to use a multilayer switch (aka layer 3 switches). [6] [11]
B. Traditional inter-VLAN
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Traditionally, LAN routing has used routers with multiple physical interfaces. Each interface needed to be connected to a separate network and configured for a different subnet.
In this type of inter-VLAN routing, a router is usually connected to the switch using multiple interfaces. One for each VLAN. The interfaces on the router are configured as the default gateways for the VLANs configured on the switch.
The ports that connect to the router from the switch are configured in access mode in their corresponding VLANs. In Fig 1:“Traditional inter-VLAN” routing requires multiple physical interfaces on both the router and the switch. However, not all inter-VLAN routing configurations require multiple physical interfaces. Some router software permits configuring router interfaces as trunk links. This opens up new possibilities for inter-VLAN routing. [2] [7] [9] [15] [16]
Fig 1: Traditional inter-VLAN
C. Router-on-a-stick
Fig 2:“Router-on-a-stick” is a type of router configuration in which a single physical interface routes traffic between multiple VLANs on a network. As you can see in the figure, the router (KALANGIAM) is connected to switch1 using a single, physical network connection. The router interface is configured to operate as a trunk link (T) and is connected to a switch port configured in trunk mode. The router performs the inter-VLAN routing by accepting VLAN tagged traffic on the trunk interface coming from the adjacent switch and internally routing between the VLANs using sub interfaces. The router then forwards the routed traffic-VLAN tagged for the destination VLAN-out the same physical interface. [3] [9] [17] Sub interfaces are multiple virtual interfaces, associated with one physical interface. These sub interfaces are configured in software on a router that is independently configured with an IP address and VLAN assignment to operate on a specific VLAN. Sub interfaces are configured for different subnets corresponding to their VLAN assignment to facilitate logical routing before the data frames are VLAN tagged and sent back out the physical interface. [2] [7] [10] [15] [17]
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Fig 3: Router-on-a-stick
D. Inter-VLAN routing using Multilayer switch
Switches can perform Layer 3 functions, replacing the need for dedicated routers to perform basic routing on a network. Multilayer switches are capable of performing inter-VLAN routing.[ 4] [5] [17]
In Fig 4 multilayer switch to perform routing functions, VLAN interfaces on the switch need to be configured with the appropriate IP addresses that match the subnet that the VLAN is associated with on the network. The multilayer switch also must have IP routing enabled. [7] [8] [15] [16]
Fig 4 : Inter-VLAN routing using Multilayer switch
III. METHODOLOGY A. Gateway
Traditional routing requires routers to have multiple physical interfaces to facilitate inter-VLAN routing. The router accomplishes the routing by having each of its physical interfaces connected to a unique VLAN. Each interface is also configured with an IP address for the subnet associated with the particular VLAN that it is connected to. By configuring the IP addresses on the physical interfaces, network devices connected to each of the VLANs can communicate with the router using the physical interface connected to the same VLAN. [2] [3] [4]
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B. Subinterface
Configuring router subinterfaces is similar to configuring physical interfaces, except that you need to create the sub interface and assign it to a VLAN. [5]
Subinterface Physical Interface
One interface for Multiple VLAN Each interface per VLAN
Less Expensive More Expensive
Configuration is Less complex Configuration is difficult
Using Trunk mode on switch port Using Access mode on switch port
Table5.1: Subinterface vs Physical Interface
C. Port Setting
1) Access Ports
Connecting physical interfaces for inter-VLAN routing requires that the switch ports be configured as access ports. [2] [13]
2) Trunk Ports
Subinterfaces require the switch port to be configured as a trunk port so that it can accept VLAN tagged traffic on the trunk link. Using subinterfaces, many VLANs can be routed over a single trunk link rather than a single physical interface for each VLAN. [6] [11]
IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A. Traditional inter-VLAN
Fig 4 : Traditional inter-VLAN implemented Packet Tracer Tool
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Switch>enable
Switch(config)#hostname KALANGIAM
KALANGIAM(config)#vlan 15
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#name IT
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#vlan 25
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#name BCA
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#vlan 35
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#name CS
Fig 5: Verifying VLAN Details
KALANGIAM(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 15
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#^Z
KALANGIAM(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/3-4
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 25
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#exit
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KALANGIAM(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/5-6
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 35
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#^Z
KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet0/21
KALANGIAM(config-if)#switchport mode access
KALANGIAM(config-if)#switchport access vlan 15
KALANGIAM(config-if)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet0/22
KALANGIAM(config-if)#switchport mode access
KALANGIAM(config-if)#switchport access vlan 25
KALANGIAM(config-if)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet0/23
KALANGIAM(config-if)#switchport mode access
KALANGIAM(config-if)#switchport access vlan 35
KALANGIAM(config-if)#^Z
Fig 6: VLAN assigning particular interface
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Fig 7 : Screening the VLAN Details
Router>enable Router#configure terminal Router(config)#hostname KALANGIAM KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 KALANGIAM(config-if)#no shutdown KALANGIAM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.10.10 255.255.255.0 KALANGIAM(config-if)#exit KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet1/0 KALANGIAM(config-if)#no shutdown KALANGIAM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.11.10 255.255.255.0 KALANGIAM(config-if)#exit KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet6/0 KALANGIAM(config-if)#no shutdown KALANGIAM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.12.10 255.255.255.0 KALANGIAM(config-if)# B. Router- on a Stick
Fig 8: Router-on a Stick implemented Packet Tracer Tool
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Switch>enable
Switch(config)#hostname KALANGIAM
KALANGIAM(config)#vlan 15
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#name IT
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#vlan 25
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#name BCA
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#vlan 35
KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#name CS
KALANGIAM(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 15
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#^Z
KALANGIAM(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/3-4
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 25
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/5-6
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 35
KALANGIAM(config-if-range)#^Z
KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet0/21
KALANGIAM(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
KALANGIAM(config-if)#exit
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Fig 9: Screening the VLAN details of Switch (KALANGIAM)
KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
KALANGIAM(config)#no shutdown
KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0.15
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#no shutdown
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 15
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#ip address 172.16.10.10 255.255.255.0
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0.25
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#no shutdown
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 25
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#ip address 172.16.11.10 255.255.255.0
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0.35
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#no shutdown
KALANGIAM(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 35
KALANGIAM(config-subif) #ip address 172.16.12.10 255.255.255.0
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Fig 10: Verifying subinterface details
Fig 11: packet moving from Switch to Router (KALANGIAM)
Fig 12 : Verifying routing table (KALANGIAM)
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C. Inter-VLAN routing using Multilayer switch
Fig13: Inter-VLAN routing using Multilayer switch
Fig 14: Showing VLAN interface
KALANGIAM#config terminal
KALANGIAM(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
KALANGIAM(config-if)#no shutdown
KALANGIAM(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q KALANGIAM(config)#vlan 15 KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#name IT KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#vlan 25 KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#name BCA KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#vlan 35 KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#name CS
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KALANGIAM(config-vlan)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#interface vlan 15 KALANGIAM(config-if)#no shutdown KALANGIAM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.10.10 255.255.255.0 KALANGIAM(config-if)#exit KALANGIAM(config)#interface vlan 25 KALANGIAM(config-if)#no shutdown KALANGIAM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.11.10 255.255.255.0 KALANGIAM(config-if)#exit
KALANGIAM(config)#interface vlan 35 KALANGIAM(config-if)#no shutdown KALANGIAM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.12.10 255.255.255.0 KALANGIAM(config-if)#exit
Fig 14: VLAN Creation of multi-layer switch (KALANGIAM)
D. Inter-VLAN routing Comparison
Inter-VLAN communication done with the help of router or multilayer switches. Fig16 shows the comparative analysis between Traditional, Router on a stick and Switch based Inter VLAN Routing. This comparison based on the Device Interface and switch port mode setting.
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Fig16: Comparative Analysis
V. CONCLUSION
In this Paper we analyze the importance of Inter – VLAL routing. The VLAN innovation is an innovation which is utilized to intelligently separate the system into various communicates spaces. So the bundles are conveyed inside the port of same VLAN gathering. The three distinct strategies that are actualized in every single real industry. They create use of those technique because the following advantage arise broadcast management, Security, value Saving, Increase performance etc.
REFERENCES
[1] K. Okayama , “A Method of Dynamic Interconnection of VLANs for Large Scale VLAN Environment”, IEEE, ISBN: 4-88552-216-1, page.427 - 432 [2] Cisco Press,”CCNA Exploration Course Booklet: LAN Switching and Wireless, Version 4.0” Cisco networking Academy. [3] Allan Johnson, “LAN Switching and Wireless: CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide” Cisco Press,ISBN: 1587132028,2008. [4] Anthony Sequeira , “Interconnecting Cisco Network Devices, Part 1 (ICND1) Foundation Learning Guide”, Cisco Press, ISBN:978-1-58714-376-2, 2003 [5] Wayne Lewis, “LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Companion Guide”, Pearson Education, ISBN:978-81-317-2196-4, 2009 [6] Cisco Press, “Switched Networks Companion Guide”, Cisco networking Academy, ISBN :978-1-58713-329- 9, 2014 [7] Cisco, “Configure InterVLAN Routing on Layer 3 Switches”, 2016, [Online]. Available:http://www.cisco.com /c/en/us/support/docs/lan-switching/inter-vlan-routing/ 41860 -howto-L3- intervlanrouting.pdf [8] Cisco,” Configuring InterVLAN Routing with Catalyst 3750/3560/3550 Series Switches“, 2014 [Online]. Available: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/ support/docs/lan-switching/inter-vlan-routing/41260-189.pdf [9] Rajiv O. Verma, S.S. Shriramwar “Effective VTP Model for Enterprise VLAN Security” 2013 International
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Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies [10] A. Mansy, M. B. Tariq, N. Feamster, and M. Ammar, “Measuring vlaninduced dependencies on a campus network,” in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM,IMC, 2009. [11] Cisco, “Understanding vlan trunk protocol (vtp),” 2007. [Online].Available:http://www.cisco.com/application/pdf /paws /10558/21.pdf [12] Cisco, “Troubleshooting vlan trunk protocol (vtp),” 2007.[Online].Available:http://www.cisco.com/application/pdf/paws/98155/tshoot-vlan.pdf [13] Cisco, “Catalyst 2950 Desktop Switch Software Configuration Guide”, 2002, [online] Available : http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/lan/catalyst2950/software/release/12- 1_11_yj/configuration/guide/scg.pdf [14] S. D. Krothapalli, S. A. Yeo, Y.-W. E. Sung, and S. G. Rao, “Virtual man:A VLAN management system for enterprise networks,” Demo Session,ACM SIGCOMM, 2009. [15] Sharada Ramani and R. M. Goudar,”Improved Bandwidth Aggregation using Available Lower Bandwidth Links”, International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Volume-4, Issue-6, ISSN: 2347-2693, 2016 [16] “Cisco Packet Tracer 6.0.1 Tool” Cisco Networking Academy
[17]S.Somasundaram, M.Chandran, “A Simulation Based Study on Inter-VLAN Routing”, International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.4, Issue.7, pp.24-29, 2016. E-ISSN: 2347-2693
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