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Plant Science 2018: Resistance to Powdery Mildew (Blumeria Graminis F. Sp. Hordei) in Winter Barley, Poland- Jerzy H Czembor, Al

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Plant Science 2018: Resistance to Powdery Mildew (Blumeria Graminis F. Sp. Hordei) in Winter Barley, Poland- Jerzy H Czembor, Al Extended Abstract Insights in Aquaculture and Biotechnology 2019 Vol.3 No.1 a Plant Science 2018: Resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei) in winter barley, Poland- Jerzy H Czembor, Aleksandra Pietrusinska and Kinga Smolinska-Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute – National Research Institute Jerzy H Czembor, Aleksandra Pietrusinska and Kinga Smolinska Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute – National Research Institute, Poland Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei) is Barley powdery mildew is brought about by Blumeria the most ecomically important barley pathogen. This graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh) is one of the most wind borne fungus causes foliar disease and yield damaging foliar maladies of grain. This growth is the loses rich up to 20-30%. Resistance for powdery main types of the family Blumeria however it has mildew is the aim of numerous breeding programmes. recently been treated as a types of Erysiphe. As per The transfer of the MLO gene for resistance to Braun (1987), it varies from all types of Erysiphe since powdery mildew into winter barley cultivars using its anamorph has special highlights, for instance, Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) strategy is digitate haustoria, auxiliary mycelium with bristle-like presented. These cultivars are characterized by high hyphae and bulbous swellings of the conidiophores, and stable yield under polish conditions. Field testing and as a result of the structure of the ascocarps. Braun of the obtained lines with MLO resistance for their (1987) thinks about that, in view of these distinctions, agricultural value was conducted. Four cultivars there ought to be a detachment at conventional level. (Souleyka, Titus, SU Vireni and Metaxa) as high Sub-atomic arrangement examinations demonstrated yielding parents were used. In addition, existing the different situation of the fine mold on Poaceae and resistance genes to powdery mildew in these cultivars indicated that Blumeria takes a basal situation in the were preserved. Two lines (BKH 735 and line 42) as phylogenetic trees of the Erysiphales. Consequently, parents with MLO resistance were used. Line BKH Blumeria is just remotely identified with Erysiphe and 735 was obtained in IHAR-PIB Radzikw in 2002- every different sort of the fine buildup organisms 2011. Selection for presence of the MLO gene was (Saenz and Taylor, 1999; Mori et al., 2000). conducted in backcross populations by phenotyping in the field (natural infection) and under greenhouse As a biotrophic parasite, B. graminis has developed to conditions (differential barley lines for resistance practice on specific poaceous has. Generally, eight genes for powdery mildew and differential fungus unique structures or formae speciales of B. graminis isolates). In addition, to confirm the presence of the were distinguished. They were ff. spp. tritici (Triticum MLO gene in back cross populations MAS strategy and Aegilops spp.), hordei (Hordeum), avenae (Avena was applied using SSR markers HvMLO1 and sativa), secalis (Secale cereale), agropyri (Agropyron HvMLO3. Field trials with back crossed lines were and Elymus), bromi (Bromus spp.), poae (Poa spp.) conducted during 2017/18 in three locations in Central and dactylidis (Dactylis spp.). The adjustment of B. (Radzikw) and Western Poland (Szelejewo, graminis to explicit oat has includes both pathogen- Wiatrowo). The parental lines were used as control. related atomic example activated insusceptibility The aim of these trials was to obtain information on (PTI) and effector-activated invulnerability (ETI) and agricultural value of obtained lines. Our results has been named 'non-adjusted opposition' (Troch et demonstrate the practical use by the introduction of al., 2014). This adjustment is sufficient that B. MLO resistance into background of winter barley graminis f.sp. tritici doesn't parasitize tamed grain, and germplasm with valuable economical characteristics B. graminis f.sp. hordei doesn't taint wheat. in polish agricultural conditions. This work was conducted in the project: Interaction between powdery Taxonomic Tree mildew resistance determined by MLO gene and economical value characteristics in winter barley. Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Fungi This work is partly presented at 6th Global Summit on Plant Science, October 29-30, 2018, Valencia, Spain. Extended Abstract Insights in Aquaculture and Biotechnology 2019 Vol.3 No.1 a Phylum: Ascomycota isolates originating from wild versus domesticated Subphylum: Pezizomycotina Triticum species in Israel. Phytopathology, 106(8), Class: Leotiomycetes 861-870. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-07-15-0177-R Order: Erysiphales Family: Erysiphaceae Menardo, F., Praz, C. R., Wyder, S., Ben-David, R., Genus: Blumeria Bourras, S., Matsumae, H., McNally, K. E., Parlange, Species: Blumeria graminis F., Riba, A., Roffler, S., Schaefer, L. K., Shimizu, K. K., Valenti, L., Zbinden, H., Wicker, T., Keller, B., 2016. Hybridization of powdery mildew strains gives rise to pathogens on novel agricultural crop species. B. graminis continues to evolve, and new formae Nature Genetics, 48(2), 201-205. doi: speciales can arise. For example, starting in 2001 in 10.1038/ng.3485 France, B. graminis was found on triticale (X Triticosecale), a wheat-rye hybrid (Walker et al., 2011). The new strains were themselves a hybrid of B. Walker, A. S., Bouguennec, A., Confais, J., Morgant, graminis ff. spp. tritici and secalis, and have been G., Leroux, P., 2011. Evidence of host-range called f.sp. triticale (Menardo et al., 2016), which expansion from new powdery mildew (Blumeria makes nine ff.spp. In the Middle Eastern centre of graminis) infections of triticale (× Triticosecale) in origin of the pathogen, B. graminis f.sp. tritici is France. Plant Pathology, 60(2), 207-220. doi: significantly differentiated into populations primarily 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02379.x infecting tetraploid wild emmer or hexaploid domesticated wheat; however, it is unclear that the Troch, V., Audenaert, K., Bekaert, B., Höfte, M., evidence supports the existence of a tenth forma Haesaert, G., 2012. Phylogeography and virulence specialis specialized on tetraploid wheats (Ben-David structure of the powdery mildew population on its et al., 2016). 'new' host triticale. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 12(76), (1 June 2012). References Saenz GS, Taylor JW, 1999. Phylogeny of the Ben-David, R., Parks, R., Dinoor, A., Kosman, E., Erysiphales (powdery mildews) inferred from internal Wicker, T., Keller, B., Cowger, C., 2016. transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequences. Differentiation among Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici Canadian Journal of Botany, 77(1):150-168; 50. This work is partly presented at 6th Global Summit on Plant Science, October 29-30, 2018, Valencia, Spain. .
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