An Overview of Forensic Ballistics Ankit Srivastava, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Institute of Forensic Science & Criminology Bundelkhand University, Jhansi – 284128, UP, India E-mail:
[email protected] ; Mob: +91-9415067667 Ballistics Ballistics It is a branch of applied mechanics which deals with the study of motion of projectile and missiles and their associated phenomenon. Forensic Ballistics It is an application of science of ballistics to solve the problems related with shooting incident(where firearm is used). Firearms or guns Bullets/Pellets Cartridge cases Related Evidence Bullet holes Damaged bullet Gun shot wounds Gun shot residue Forensic Ballistics is divided into 3 sub-categories Internal Ballistics External Ballistics Terminal Ballistics Internal Ballistics The study of the phenomenon occurring inside a firearm when a shot is fired. It includes the study of various firearm mechanisms and barrel manufacturing techniques; factors influencing internal gas pressure; and firearm recoil . The most common types of Internal Ballistics examinations are: ✓ examining mechanism to determine the causes of accidental discharge ✓ examining home-made devices (zip-guns) to determine if they are capable of discharging ammunition effectively ✓ microscopic examination and comparison of fired bullets and cartridge cases to determine whether a particular firearm was used External Ballistics The study of the projectile’s flight from the moment it leaves the muzzle of the barrel until it strikes the target. The Two most common types of External Ballistics examinations are: calculation and reconstruction of bullet trajectories establishing the maximum range of a given bullet Terminal Ballistics The study of the projectile’s effect on the target or the counter-effect of the target on the projectile.