Eye Patterns of Some Australian Araneomorphs

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Eye Patterns of Some Australian Araneomorphs EYE PATTERNS OF SOME AUSTRALIAN ARANEOMORPHS Teeatta driesseni Robert Whyte [email protected] Tegenaria Dardurus spinipes Daviesa lubinae Rastellus africanus* Tanganoides greeni ‘Chasmocephalon’ sp. AGELENIDAE AMAUROBIIDAE AMAUROBIIDAE AMMOXENIDAE AMPHINECTIDAE ANAPIDAE Dolophones Neoscona theisi Risdonius parvus Victanapis Amaurobioides litoralis Anepsion ‘Araneus’ Arkys cornutus Carepalxis ANAPIDAE ANAPIDAE ANYPHAENIDAE ARANEIDAE ARANEIDAE ARANEIDAE ARANEIDAE Celaenia Cyclosa Ordgarius Heurodes turrita Paraplectanoides Phononognatha graeffei Austrarchaea ARANEIDAE ARANEIDAE ARANEIDAE ARANEIDAE ARANEIDAE ARCHEIDAE * not AU Nyssus Orthobula Clubiona pseudopteroneta CLUBIONIDAE Cithaeron praedonius Calamoneta Cheiracanthium Matidia Disnyssus Copa kabana CITHAERONIDAE EUTICHURIDAE EUTICHURIDAE EUTICHURIDAE CORINNIDAE CORINNIDAE PAGE 1 EYE PATTERNS OF SOME AUSTRALIAN Desis kenyonae ARANEOMORPHS Cycloctenus Avella Badumna sp. Teemenaarus Robert Whyte [email protected] Amauropelma Alaranea* Cycloctenid Deinopis subrufa Badumna longinqua Phryganoporus candidus CTENIDAE CYATHOLIPIDAE CYCLOCTENIDAE DEINOPIDAE DESIDAE DESIDAE Wandella waldockae Dictynid Toxops Toxopsoides Dictynid Dictyna bifasciata Dysdera crocata Wandella alinjarra DESIDAE DESIDAE DICTYNIDAE DICTYNIDAE DYSDERIDAE FILISTATIDAE Progradungula Encoptarthria carraiensis Tamopsis Oreo renmarki Eilica Gnaphosa Gradungula sorenseni* Tamopsis brisbanensis Holarchaea globosa GALLIENIELLIDAE GNAPHOSIDAE GNAPHOSIDAE GRADUNGULIDAE HERSILIIDAE HOLARCHAEIDAE Australolyniphia Holarchaeid Lampona Platylampona mazeppa Laperousea Knischatiria Palaeohyphantes HOLARCHAEIDAE LAMPONIDAE LAMPONIDAE LINYPHIIDAE LINYPHIIDAE LINYPHIIDAE PAGE 2 EYE PATTERNS OF SOME AUSTRALIAN ARANEOMORPHS Anomalosa Hogna Robert Whyte [email protected] Montebello tenuis Artoriopsis Diahogna Hoggicosa Tapetosa Malkara loricata LIOCRANIDAE LYCOSIDAE LYCOSIDAE LYCOSIDAE LYCOSIDAE MALKARIDAE Mituliodon tarantulinus Micropholcomma Australomimetus Diaprograptinae Mysmena Nephila plumipes Herennia MICROPHOLCOMMATIDAE MIMETIDAE MITURGIDAE MYSMENIDAE NEPHILIDAE NEPHILIDAE Orchestina Opopaea phineus (no eyes) Nesticella Nicodamus mainae Theotima minutissima Oecobius navus Gamasomorpha Opopaea jonesae NESTICIDAE NICODAMIDAE OCHYROCERATIDAE OECOBIIDAE OONOPIDAE OONOPIDAE Tasmanoonops Prethopalpus Hickmanolobus Hamataliwa cooki Hamataliwa monroei Oxyopes gracilipes Palpimanid OONOPIDAE ORSOLOBIDAE OXYOPIDAE OXYOPIDAE OXYOPIDAE PALPIMANIDAE PAGE 3 EYE PATTERNS OF SOME AUSTRALIAN ARANEOMORPHS Robert Whyte [email protected] Pararchaea Periegopid Tibellus tenellus Micromerys Pholcus Trichocyclus nullabor PARARCHAEIDAE PERIEGOPIDAE PHILODROMIDAE PHOLCIDAE PHOLCIDAE PHOLCIDAE Megadolomedes Wesmaldra talgomine Myandra cambridgei Molycria wrightae Dolomedes Inola Perenethis Wydundra daunton Nomindra leeuweni Prodidomus woodleigh PISAURIDAE PISAURIDAE PISAURIDAE PRODIDOMIDAE PRODIDOMIDAE PRODIDOMIDAE ♂ Simaethula ♀ Psechrus Aruana Bianor Apricia gen. nov. jovialis Scytodes Segestria PSECHRIDAE SALTICIDAE SALTICIDAE SALTICIDAE SCYTODIDAE SEGESTRIIDAE PME PLE ALE AME Heteropoda acuta Selenops* Karaops Loxosceles Heteropoda jugulans Isopeda vasta Isopedella Barahna booloumba SELENOPIDAE SICARIIDAE SPARASSIDAE SPARASSIDAE SPARASSIDAE STIPHIDIIDAE PAGE 4 EYE PATTERNS OF SOME AUSTRALIAN ARANEOMORPHS Baiami volucripes Robert Whyte [email protected] Borrala Malarina monteithi Procambridgea Baiami tegenarioides Symphytognatha Austraotengella STIPHIDIIDAE STIPHIDIIDAE STIPHIDIIDAE STIPHIIDAE SYMPHYTOGNATHIDAE TENGELLIDAE ♀ ♂ Tetragnatha cyclindrica Blind ♂ ♀ Tetrablemma Dolichognatha Dolicognatha Tetragnatha rubriventris Tetragnatha demissa Tetragnatha nitens TETRABLEMMIDAE TETRAGNATHIDAE TETRAGNATHIDAE TETRAGNATHIDAE TETRAGNATHIDAE TETRAGNATHIDAE Tmarus Hedana Tetragnatha macilenta Porropis Diaea now Australomisidia, Boomerangia, or Lehtinelagia Tetragnatha bituberculata Baalzebub brauni Amyciaea albomaculata Bomis larvata Cymbacha Diaea TETRAGNATHIDAE THERIDIOSOMATIDAE THOMISIDAE THOMISIDAE THOMISIDAE THOMISIDAE Facing Tharpyna Miagrammopes flavus From above Runcinia Stephanopis scabra Platorish Miagrammopes sp. Philoponella Uloborus THOMISIDAE THOMISIDAE TROCHANTERIIDAE ULOBORIDAE ULOBORIDAE ULOBORIDAE PAGE 5 EYE PATTERNS OF SOME AUSTRALIAN Megateg elegans ARANEOMORPHS Robert Whyte [email protected] Habronestes pseudoaustraliensis Storosa obscura Tropizodium peregrinum Thasyraea Megateg covacevichae ZODARIIDAE ZODARIIDAE ZODARIIDAE MITURGIDAE Zorinae ZOROPSIDAE PAGE 6.
Recommended publications
  • Supraspecific Names in Spider Systematic and Their Nomenclatural Problems
    Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 55: 42-45 Karlsruhe, April 2018 Supraspecific names in spider systematic and their nomenclatural problems Yuri M. Marusik doi: 10.30963/aramit5507 Abstract. Three different types of the names used in spider systematics are recognized and discussed: 1) typified taxonomic names, 2) non-typified taxonomic names, and 3) non-taxonomic names. Typified names are those from genus to superfamily group names; they are regulated by the ICZN. Non-typified names are used for taxonomic groups higher than superfamilies (e.g., Haplogynae, Mesothelae, etc.); they are not regulated by the ICZN but have an authorship, a fixed year of publication and are incorporated in a hierarchical classification. Non-taxonomic names are not regulated by any formal rules, unranked, have no authorship or description, and are non-typified. Some difficulties connected with the non-typified names in spider systematics are briefly discussed. Senior synonyms of some non-typified and non-taxonomic names are discussed, and suggestions are given on how to deal with the non-typified names lacking senior synonyms. Keywords: clade name, non-typified name, typified name. Zusammenfassung. Supraspezifische Namen in der Spinnensystematik und ihre nomenklatorischen Probleme. Drei verschie- dene Namenstypen in der Spinnensystematik werden diskutiert: 1) typisierte taxonomische Namen, 2) nicht-typisierte taxonomische Namen sowie 3) nicht-taxonomische Namen. Typisierte Namen reichen von Gattungen bis zu Überfamilien und sind durch die ICZN reguliert. Nicht-typisierte Namen werden für taxonomische Einheiten oberhalb von Überfamilien verwendet (z. B. Haplogynae, Meso- thelae), sind nicht durch die ICZN reguliert, haben aber Autoren, ein Erstbeschreibungsjahr und werden in hierarchischen Klassifikatio- nen verwendet.
    [Show full text]
  • Redescriptions of Nuisiana Arboris (Marples 1959) and Cambridgea Reinga Forster & Wilton 1973 (Araneae: Desidae, Stiphidiidae)
    Zootaxa 2739: 41–50 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Reuniting males and females: redescriptions of Nuisiana arboris (Marples 1959) and Cambridgea reinga Forster & Wilton 1973 (Araneae: Desidae, Stiphidiidae) COR J. VINK1,2,5, BRIAN M. FITZGERALD3, PHIL J. SIRVID3 & NADINE DUPÉRRÉ4 1Biosecurity Group, AgResearch, Private Bag 4749, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected] 2Entomology Research Museum, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand. 3Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 4Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York New York 10024, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] 5Corresponding author Abstract Two New Zealand endemic spider species, Nuisiana arboris (Marples 1959) (Desidae) and Cambridgea reinga Forster & Wilton 1973 (Stiphidiidae), are redescribed, including notes on their distribution and DNA sequences from the mitochon- drial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1. Based on morphological evidence and mitochondrial DNA sequences, Mata- chia magna Forster 1970 is a junior synonym of Nuisiana arboris, and Nanocambridgea grandis Blest & Vink 2000 is a junior synonym of Cambridgea reinga. Two forms of male morph in C. reinga are recorded. Key words: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), DNA, Matachia, new synonymy, New Zealand, Nanocambridgea Introduction New Zealand’s spider fauna is diverse with an estimated 1990 species, of which 93% are endemic (Paquin et al. 2010). Most of the 1126 named species were described during the last 60 years and about 60% were described by one man, Ray Forster (Patrick et al.
    [Show full text]
  • First Records and Three New Species of the Family Symphytognathidae
    ZooKeys 1012: 21–53 (2021) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1012.57047 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research First records and three new species of the family Symphytognathidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Thailand, and the circumscription of the genus Crassignatha Wunderlich, 1995 Francisco Andres Rivera-Quiroz1,2, Booppa Petcharad3, Jeremy A. Miller1 1 Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Understanding Evolution group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwin- weg 2, 2333CR Leiden, the Netherlands 2 Institute for Biology Leiden (IBL), Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333BE Leiden, the Netherlands 3 Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Rangsit, Pathum Thani, 12121 Thailand Corresponding author: Francisco Andres Rivera-Quiroz ([email protected]) Academic editor: D. Dimitrov | Received 29 July 2020 | Accepted 30 September 2020 | Published 26 January 2021 http://zoobank.org/4B5ACAB0-5322-4893-BC53-B4A48F8DC20C Citation: Rivera-Quiroz FA, Petcharad B, Miller JA (2021) First records and three new species of the family Symphytognathidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Thailand, and the circumscription of the genus Crassignatha Wunderlich, 1995. ZooKeys 1012: 21–53. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1012.57047 Abstract The family Symphytognathidae is reported from Thailand for the first time. Three new species: Anapistula choojaiae sp. nov., Crassignatha seeliam sp. nov., and Crassignatha seedam sp. nov. are described and illustrated. Distribution is expanded and additional morphological data are reported for Patu shiluensis Lin & Li, 2009. Specimens were collected in Thailand between July and August 2018. The newly described species were found in the north mountainous region of Chiang Mai, and Patu shiluensis was collected in the coastal region of Phuket.
    [Show full text]
  • The Placement of the Spider Genus Periegops and the Phylogeny of Scytodoidea (Araneae: Araneomorphae)
    Zootaxa 3312: 1–44 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) The placement of the spider genus Periegops and the phylogeny of Scytodoidea (Araneae: Araneomorphae) FACUNDO M. LABARQUE1 & MARTÍN J. RAMÍREZ1 1Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected] / [email protected] Abstract The relationships of Scytodoidea, including the families Drymusidae, Periegopidae, Scytodidae and Sicariidae, have been con- tentious for a long time. Here we present a reviewed phylogenetic analysis of scytodoid spiders, emphasizing Periegops, the only genus in the family Periegopidae. In our analysis the Scytodoidea are united by the fusion of the third abdominal entapo- physes into a median lobe, the presence of female palpal femoral thorns and associated cheliceral stridulatory ridges, a mem- branous lobe on the cheliceral promargin, and the loss of minor ampullate gland spigots. A basal split within Scytodoidea defines two monophyletic groups: Sicariidae and a group formed by Scytodidae as the sister group of Periegopidae plus Dry- musidae, all united by having bipectinate prolateral claws on tarsi I–II, one major ampullate spigot accompanied by a nubbin, and the posterior median spinnerets with a mesal field of spicules. Periegops is the sister group of Drymusidae, united by the regain of promarginal cheliceral teeth and a triangular cheliceral lamina, which is continuous with the paturon margin. Key words: Drymusa, Drymusidae, Haplogyne, morphology, Scytodes, Stedocys, Scytodidae, Sicariidae, Sicarius, Loxosceles Introduction The family Periegopidae currently comprises only the genus Periegops, with two species: the type species Perie- gops suteri (Urquhart) from the Banks Peninsula on the South Island of New Zealand (Vink 2006), and Periegops australia Forster, from southeastern Queensland (Forster 1995).
    [Show full text]
  • A Summary List of Fossil Spiders
    A summary list of fossil spiders compiled by Jason A. Dunlop (Berlin), David Penney (Manchester) & Denise Jekel (Berlin) Suggested citation: Dunlop, J. A., Penney, D. & Jekel, D. 2010. A summary list of fossil spiders. In Platnick, N. I. (ed.) The world spider catalog, version 10.5. American Museum of Natural History, online at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/index.html Last udated: 10.12.2009 INTRODUCTION Fossil spiders have not been fully cataloged since Bonnet’s Bibliographia Araneorum and are not included in the current Catalog. Since Bonnet’s time there has been considerable progress in our understanding of the spider fossil record and numerous new taxa have been described. As part of a larger project to catalog the diversity of fossil arachnids and their relatives, our aim here is to offer a summary list of the known fossil spiders in their current systematic position; as a first step towards the eventual goal of combining fossil and Recent data within a single arachnological resource. To integrate our data as smoothly as possible with standards used for living spiders, our list follows the names and sequence of families adopted in the Catalog. For this reason some of the family groupings proposed in Wunderlich’s (2004, 2008) monographs of amber and copal spiders are not reflected here, and we encourage the reader to consult these studies for details and alternative opinions. Extinct families have been inserted in the position which we hope best reflects their probable affinities. Genus and species names were compiled from established lists and cross-referenced against the primary literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Accepted Manuscript
    Accepted Manuscript Molecular phylogenetics of the spider family Micropholcommatidae (Arachni‐ da: Araneae) using nuclear rRNA genes (18S and 28S) Michael G. Rix, Mark S. Harvey, J. Dale Roberts PII: S1055-7903(07)00386-7 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.001 Reference: YMPEV 2688 To appear in: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Received Date: 10 July 2007 Revised Date: 24 October 2007 Accepted Date: 9 November 2007 Please cite this article as: Rix, M.G., Harvey, M.S., Roberts, J.D., Molecular phylogenetics of the spider family Micropholcommatidae (Arachnida: Araneae) using nuclear rRNA genes (18S and 28S), Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (2007), doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.001 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Molecular phylogenetics of the spider family Micropholcommatidae (Arachnida: Araneae) using nuclear rRNA genes (18S and 28S) Michael G. Rix1,2*, Mark S. Harvey2, J. Dale Roberts1 1The University of Western Australia, School of Animal Biology, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] 2Western Australian Museum, Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool D.C., Perth, WA 6986, Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Nest Site Choice by the Intertidal Spider Desis Formidabilis (Araneae: Desidae) and Nest Utilisation by Its Hymenopteran Egg Parasitoid
    This is a repository copy of Nest site choice by the intertidal spider Desis formidabilis (Araneae: Desidae) and nest utilisation by its hymenopteran egg parasitoid. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/139051/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Owen, CA, van Noort, S, Compton, SG orcid.org/0000-0002-1247-8058 et al. (1 more author) (2019) Nest site choice by the intertidal spider Desis formidabilis (Araneae: Desidae) and nest utilisation by its hymenopteran egg parasitoid. Ecological Entomology, 44 (1). pp. 62-70. ISSN 0307-6946 https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12675 (c) 2018, The Royal Entomological Society. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: 'Owen, CA, van Noort, S, Compton, SG, and Coetzee, JA (2018). Nest site choice by the intertidal spider Desis formidabilis (Araneae: Desidae) and nest utilisation by its hymenopteran egg parasitoid. Ecological Entomology,' which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12675]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request.
    [Show full text]
  • Tarantulas and Social Spiders
    Tarantulas and Social Spiders: A Tale of Sex and Silk by Jonathan Bull BSc (Hons) MSc ICL Thesis Presented to the Institute of Biology of The University of Nottingham in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Nottingham May 2012 DEDICATION To my parents… …because they both said to dedicate it to the other… I dedicate it to both ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisor Dr Sara Goodacre for her guidance and support. I am also hugely endebted to Dr Keith Spriggs who became my mentor in the field of RNA and without whom my understanding of the field would have been but a fraction of what it is now. Particular thanks go to Professor John Brookfield, an expert in the field of biological statistics and data retrieval. Likewise with Dr Susan Liddell for her proteomics assistance, a truly remarkable individual on par with Professor Brookfield in being able to simplify even the most complex techniques and analyses. Finally, I would really like to thank Janet Beccaloni for her time and resources at the Natural History Museum, London, permitting me access to the collections therein; ten years on and still a delight. Finally, amongst the greats, Alexander ‘Sasha’ Kondrashov… a true inspiration. I would also like to express my gratitude to those who, although may not have directly contributed, should not be forgotten due to their continued assistance and considerate nature: Dr Chris Wade (five straight hours of help was not uncommon!), Sue Buxton (direct to my bench creepy crawlies), Sheila Keeble (ventures and cleans where others dare not), Alice Young (read/checked my thesis and overcame her arachnophobia!) and all those in the Centre for Biomolecular Sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • About the Book the Format Acknowledgments
    About the Book For more than ten years I have been working on a book on bryophyte ecology and was joined by Heinjo During, who has been very helpful in critiquing multiple versions of the chapters. But as the book progressed, the field of bryophyte ecology progressed faster. No chapter ever seemed to stay finished, hence the decision to publish online. Furthermore, rather than being a textbook, it is evolving into an encyclopedia that would be at least three volumes. Having reached the age when I could retire whenever I wanted to, I no longer needed be so concerned with the publish or perish paradigm. In keeping with the sharing nature of bryologists, and the need to educate the non-bryologists about the nature and role of bryophytes in the ecosystem, it seemed my personal goals could best be accomplished by publishing online. This has several advantages for me. I can choose the format I want, I can include lots of color images, and I can post chapters or parts of chapters as I complete them and update later if I find it important. Throughout the book I have posed questions. I have even attempt to offer hypotheses for many of these. It is my hope that these questions and hypotheses will inspire students of all ages to attempt to answer these. Some are simple and could even be done by elementary school children. Others are suitable for undergraduate projects. And some will take lifelong work or a large team of researchers around the world. Have fun with them! The Format The decision to publish Bryophyte Ecology as an ebook occurred after I had a publisher, and I am sure I have not thought of all the complexities of publishing as I complete things, rather than in the order of the planned organization.
    [Show full text]
  • Overview of the Anyphaenids (Araneae, Anyphaeninae, Anyphaenidae) Spider Fauna from the Chocó Forest of Ecuador, with the Description of Thirteen New Species
    European Journal of Taxonomy 255: 1–50 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2016.255 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2016 · Dupérré N. & Tapia E. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0E8DA4DC-FF4C-436E-94FB-CB89F6416C6E Overview of the Anyphaenids (Araneae, Anyphaeninae, Anyphaenidae) spider fauna from the Chocó forest of Ecuador, with the description of thirteen new species Nadine DUPÉRRÉ 1,* & Elicio TAPIA 2 1 Research Associate, Fundación OTONGA, Calle Rither y Bolivia, Quito, Ecuador, and Research Associate, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, U.S.A. 2 Researcher, Centro Jambatu de Investigación y Conservación de Anfibios, Geovanny Farina 566, San Rafael, Ecuador. * Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Email: [email protected] 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:F15E1FF2-2DF5-479A-AD10-8076CE96E911 2 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:E842405B-5E5B-43AB-8BCD-586657AD5CFC Abstract. The spider diversity of the family Anyphaenidae in premontane, low evergreen montane and cloud forest from the Chocó region of Ecuador is examined. A total of 287 adult specimens were collected and 19 morphospecies were identified based on male specimens. Thirteen new species are described and one new genus is proposed. Five new species are described in the genus Katissa Brescovit, 1997: Katissa kurusiki sp. nov., K. puyu sp. nov., K. tamya sp. nov., K. yaya sp. nov. and K. guyasamini sp. nov. The new genus Shuyushka gen. nov. is proposed and includes three species: Shuyushka achachay gen. et sp. nov., S. moscai gen. et sp. nov. and S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Taxonomy and Distribution of the Spider Genus Phryganoporus Simon (Araneae: Amaurobioidea: Desidae)
    © Copyright Australian Museum, 2002 Records of the Australian Museum (2002) Vol. 54: 275–292. ISSN 0067-1975 The Taxonomy and Distribution of the Spider Genus Phryganoporus Simon (Araneae: Amaurobioidea: Desidae) MICHAEL R. GRAY Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia [email protected] ABSTRACT. The widely distributed Australian desid spider genus, Phryganoporus Simon, is taxonomically reviewed and validated. Phryganoporus nigrinus is removed from synonymy with P. candidus, while Amaurobius gausapatus, P. g. occidentalis and P. tubicola are synonyms of P. candidus. The species recognised here belong to two clades, [P. candidus (L. Koch), Phryganoporus vandiemeni (Gray) n.comb.] and [P. nigrinus Simon, P. davidleei n.sp., P. melanopygus n.sp.]. These clades are distinguished by the possession of a divided or entire cribellum and genitalic characters. Distribution maps and notes on relationships are given. GRAY, MICHAEL R., 2002. The taxonomy and distribution of the spider genus Phryganoporus Simon (Araneae: Amaurobioidea: Desidae). Records of the Australian Museum 54(3): 275–292. Spiders of the genus Phryganoporus are cribellate web opportunist scavengers and predators. Most non-territorial, builders that are distributed throughout Australia. They build communal interaction (collective nest construction and webs on low vegetation and their abundant white hair cover cleaning, prey capture and feeding) took place between probably helps reduce body heating, particularly for spiders individuals below the subadult stage. Such communal occupying exposed webs in semi-arid to arid regions. interaction is probably a consequence of pheromone While the species described here are typically solitary, mediated sibling tolerance and is not regarded as true one species, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Identifying the Predator Complex of Homalodisca Vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): a Comparative Study of the Eycacy of an ELISA and PCR Gut Content Assay
    Oecologia (2008) 157:629–640 DOI 10.1007/s00442-008-1095-x COMMUNITY ECOLOGY - METHODS PAPER Identifying the predator complex of Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): a comparative study of the eYcacy of an ELISA and PCR gut content assay Valerie Fournier · James Hagler · Kent Daane · Jesse de León · Russell Groves Received: 8 November 2007 / Accepted: 4 June 2008 / Published online: 10 July 2008 © Springer-Verlag 2008 Abstract A growing number of ecologists are using cytochrome oxidase gene (subunit I). The gut content molecular gut content assays to qualitatively measure pre- analyses revealed that GWSS remains were present in dation. The two most popular gut content assays are immuno- 15.5% of the predators examined, with 18% of the spiders assays employing pest-speciWc monoclonal antibodies and 11% of the insect predators testing positive. Common (mAb) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays spider predators included members of the Salticidae, employing pest-speciWc DNA. Here, we present results Clubionidae, Anyphaenidae, Miturgidae, and Corinnidae from the Wrst study to simultaneously use both methods to families. Common insect predators included lacewings identify predators of the glassy winged sharpshooter (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), praying mantis (Mantodea: (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Mantidae), ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), assassin bugs Cicadellidae). A total of 1,229 arthropod predators, repre- (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), and damsel bugs (Hemiptera: senting 30 taxa, were collected from urban landscapes in Nabidae). Comparison of the two assays indicated that they central California and assayed Wrst by means of enzyme- were not equally eVective at detecting GWSS remains in linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a GWSS egg- predator guts.
    [Show full text]