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A Cross-Cutting Threat to Sustainable Development

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A Cross-Cutting Threat to Sustainable Development Organized Crime: A Cross-Cutting Threat to Sustainable Development Measuring and Monitoring Transnational Organized Crime within the framework of Sustainable Development for the Post-2015 Development Agenda: Goals, Targets and Indicators A Research Report January 2015 A NETWORK TO COUNTER NETWORKS Organized Crime: A Cross-Cutting Threat to Sustainable Development Measuring and Monitoring Transnational Organized Crime within the framework of Sustainable Development for the Post-2015 Development Agenda: Goals, Targets and Indicators January 2015 A NETWORK TO COUNTER NETWORKS Appreciation and Acknowledgements This report note was drafted by a team from the Global Initiative Secretariat, comprising Tuesday Reitano, Marcena Hunter, Adam Rodriques and Mark Shaw. The greatest thanks go to our close collaborators at Saferworld, Thomas Wheeler, Larry Atree and Anna Möller- Loswick for the generous sharing of their time and expertise. Thanks also to Claudia Seymour of Small Arms Survey for advice and guidance. The team drew heavily on the expertise of the Global Initiative Network of Experts, and in particular would like to acknowledge the contribution of Richard Byrne of Harper Adams University; Wietse Van der Werf of the Black Fish organisation, and Robert McLaughlin of the Australian National University. Layout of the report was done by Sharon Wilson of Emerge Creative, with free icons made by Freepik, Stephen Hutchings, Designerz Base, Icomoon, http://www.flaticon.com. The Global Initiative would like to thank the Government of the Netherlands, and in particular, Yaron Oppenheimer, for substantive and financial support. © 2015 Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the Global Initiative. Please direct inquiries to: The Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime WMO Building, 2nd Floor 7bis, Avenue de la Paix CH-1211 Geneva 1 Switzerland www.GlobalInitiative.net About the Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime The Global Initiative (www.globalinitiative.net) is a network of prominent law enforcement, governance and development practitioners who are dedicated to seeking new and innovative strategies and responses to organized crime. Nature of the challenge The problem of organised crime is not new, but the scope, scale and spread of the phenomena is now unprecedented. It affects all countries, developed, middle-income and developing, as well as states beset by political instability and conflict. The impacts can be diverse, but the common feature is that organised crime negatively affects the life chances of ordinary people: it undercuts key institutions, damages the environment, distorts or impedes economic growth and it fuels conflict. While there is growing consensus as to the rapid evolution and detrimental impact of organized crime, there is much less agreement around what constitutes an effective response. Catalyzing a new approach The Global Initiative was born from a series of high-level, off the record discussions between mainly (though not exclusively) law enforcement officials from both developed and developing countries, hosted by the International Peace Institute in New York in 2011-12. At these meetings, the founding members of the Global Initiative, many of whom stand at the front line of the fight against organised crime, illicit trafficking and trade, concluded that the problem and its impacts are not well analysed; they are not systematically integrated into national plans or strategies; existing multilateral tools are not structured to facilitate a response and existing forms of cooperation tend to be bilateral, slow and restricted to a limited number of like-minded states. The result was a decision to create a new initiative: the Global Initiative against Transnational Organised Crime, which would seek to provide a platform to promote greater debate and innovative approaches as the building blocks to an inclusive global strategy against organised crime. Analysis, Strategies and Response Launched formally in New York in September 2013, the Global Initiative comprises a growing network of independent global and regional experts working on human rights, democracy, governance and development issues where organised crime has become increasingly pertinent. The Global Initiative is an international civil society organisation, has an office in Geneva, Switzerland, a core Secretariat and a high-level advisory board. Through a range of channels, the Global Initiative seeks to project the expertise of its Network members outwards and to make it available to a broader range of stakeholders. For more information please visit our website at www.globalinitiative.net or contact the Secretariat at: [email protected]. @GI_TOC @GI_TOC_esp www.facebook.com/GlobalInitiativeAgainstTransnationalOrganizedCrime A NETWORK TO COUNTER NETWORKS Table of Contents List of Proposed Sustainable Development Goals to be attained by 2030 .........1 I. Introduction: Organised Crime as a Development Issue .....................................3 Organised crime: a spoiler to development .................................................................................3 Call for action from the development community ..................................................................4 New tools and analytical frameworks ...............................................................................................6 Objectives of the Report ...........................................................................................................................7 Responding to organised crime ...........................................................................................................8 II. Addressing Organised Crime in Sustainable Development Goals ...................11 Goals at Risk ........................................................................................................................................................11 GOAL 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages ...................12 GOAL 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development ................................................................................................................16 GOAL 15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss ................................................................19 GOAL 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels ................................................................................................22 Targets at Risk .....................................................................................................................................................29 GOAL 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture..........................................................................................................30 GOAL 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls .......................34 GOAL 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all ..............................................................................................................................................37 GOAL 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all...................................................40 GOAL 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries ................................................44 GOAL 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable .........................................................................................................................................................48 Development Impacts at Risk ...............................................................................................................50 GOAL 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere ......................................................................51 GOAL 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote life-long learning opportunities for all .............................................................................................53 GOAL 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all ...................................................................................................................................................................... 54 GOAL 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster innovation ............................................................................................55 GOAL 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns ........................57 GOAL 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts ................58 GOAL 17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development .....................................................................................59 Annex 1. Indicator Tables ..............................................................................................61
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