Raleigh, North Carolina 1775-1890
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Ch 5 NC Legislature.Indd
The State Legislature The General Assembly is the oldest governmental body in North Carolina. According to tradition, a “legislative assembly of free holders” met for the first time around 1666. No documentary proof, however, exists proving that this assembly actually met. Provisions for a representative assembly in Proprietary North Carolina can be traced to the Concessions and Agreements, adopted in 1665, which called for an unicameral body composed of the governor, his council and twelve delegates selected annually to sit as a legislature. This system of representation prevailed until 1670, when Albemarle County was divided into three precincts. Berkeley Precinct, Carteret Precinct and Shaftsbury Precinct were apparently each allowed five representatives. Around 1682, four new precincts were created from the original three as the colony’s population grew and the frontier moved westward. The new precincts were usually allotted two representatives, although some were granted more. Beginning with the Assembly of 1723, several of the larger, more important towns were allowed to elect their own representatives. Edenton was the first town granted this privilege, followed by Bath, New Bern, Wilmington, Brunswick, Halifax, Campbellton (Fayetteville), Salisbury, Hillsborough and Tarborough. Around 1735 Albemarle and Bath Counties were dissolved and the precincts became counties. The unicameral legislature continued until around 1697, when a bicameral form was adopted. The governor or chief executive at the time, and his council constituted the upper house. The lower house, the House of Burgesses, was composed of representatives elected from the colony’s various precincts. The lower house could adopt its own rules of procedure and elect its own speaker and other officers. -
Honor New Bern's 300Th Anniversary
GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NORTH CAROLINA SESSION 2009 RATIFIED BILL RESOLUTION 2010-19 HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION 2077 A JOINT RESOLUTION HONORING THE FOUNDERS OF THE CITY OF NEW BERN ON THE OCCASION OF THE CITY'S THREE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY. Whereas, New Bern was founded in 1710 by Swiss and German settlers at the confluence of the Neuse and Trent Rivers on the site of a former Native American community called Chattawka; and Whereas, Christopher de Graffenried, a member of a prominent family from the area around Bern, Switzerland, founded and laid out the center of the City, which he named New Bern in honor of his native home; and Whereas, despite early difficulties, including disagreements with the native population, New Bern prospered during the mid-eighteenth century as a major port and trading center; and Whereas, Royal Governor William Tryon selected New Bern as the site of the first permanent capital of colonial North Carolina and had a palace built to serve as the seat of government and the home of the Governor; and Whereas, New Bern served as the location of a number of noteworthy events, including the first Provincial Congress in defiance of British orders in 1774; the first meeting of the General Assembly in 1777; visits by George Washington and sitting Presidents James Monroe and Harry Truman; during Civil War occupation developed important black leaders who contributed to the Union Army and helped begin the Freedmen's Bank and Bureau; and the invention of "Brad's Drink" by pharmacy owner, Caleb Bradham, in 1898, which was later known -
Did You Know? North Carolina
Did You Know? North Carolina Discover the history, geography, and government of North Carolina. The Land and Its People The state is divided into three distinct topographical regions: the Coastal Plain, the Piedmont Plateau, and the Appalachian Mountains. The Coastal Plain affords opportunities for farming, fishing, recreation, and manufacturing. The leading crops of this area are bright-leaf tobacco, peanuts, soybeans, and sweet potatoes. Large forested areas, mostly pine, support pulp manufacturing and other forest-related industries. Commercial and sport fishing are done extensively on the coast, and thousands of tourists visit the state’s many beaches. The mainland coast is protected by a slender chain of islands known as the Outer Banks. The Appalachian Mountains—including Mount Mitchell, the highest peak in eastern America (6,684 feet)—add to the variety that is apparent in the state’s topography. More than 200 mountains rise 5,000 feet or more. In this area, widely acclaimed for its beauty, tourism is an outstanding business. The valleys and some of the hillsides serve as small farms and apple orchards; and here and there are business enterprises, ranging from small craft shops to large paper and textile manufacturing plants. The Piedmont Plateau, though dotted with many small rolling farms, is primarily a manufacturing area in which the chief industries are furniture, tobacco, and textiles. Here are located North Carolina’s five largest cities. In the southeastern section of the Piedmont—known as the Sandhills, where peaches grow in abundance—is a winter resort area known also for its nationally famous golf courses and stables. -
The North Carolina Historical Review
The North Carolina Historical Review Volume XIV April, 1937 Number 2 CHILD-LABOR REFORMS IN NORTH CAROLINA SINCE 1903 By Elizabeth Huey Davidson In 1903 North Carolina adopted its first child-labor law. It was a weak measure, forbidding the employment of children un- der twelve in factories, establishing a maximum of sixty-six hours a week for persons under eighteen, and providing no machinery for enforcement of the law. The passage of this measure had resulted from a slow growth of sentiment against the evils of child labor, and its terms represented a compromise between the reformers and the cotton manufacturers of the State. There was no organization to push further legislation, however, until the formation of the National Child Labor Com- mittee in 1904. This committee was largely inspired by the work of Dr. Edgar Gardner Murphy of Montgomery, Alabama, and had at first a number of prominent Southerners on its mem- bership roll. For its Southern secretary the committee chose Dr. Alexander J. McKelway, a Presbyterian clergyman of Char- lotte, North Carolina. The law of 1903 had been in effect a year when the committee attempted to reopen the drive for legislation. Its effectiveness in that length of time cannot be judged accurately, since the re- port of the Commissioner of Labor for 1904 fails to record the number of children employed in manufacturing. 1 The general consensus of opinion expressed by the manufacturers to the com- missioner was that the law should be accepted in good faith, but that it should also be the last one of its kind. -
Revolutionary Leaders of North Carolina
North Carolina State Normal & Industrial College Historical Publications Number 2 REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS OF NORTH CAROLINA BY R. D. W. CONNOR SECRETARY NORTH CAROLINA HISTORICAL COMMISSION Lecturer on North Carolina History, State Normal College Issued under the Direction of the Department of History W. C. JACKSON, EDITOR PUBLISHED BY THE COLLEGE 1916 PRESSES OF THE PETRIE COMPANY HIOH POINT. N. C I NORTH CAROLINA FROM 1765 TO 1790 INTRODUCTORY LECTURE Two periods in the history of the United States seem to me to stand out above all others in dramatic interest and historic importance. One is the decade from 1860 to 1870, the other is the quarter-century from 1765 to 1790. Of the two both in interest and importance precedence must be given to the latter. The former was a period of almost superhuman ef fort, achievement, and sacrifice for the preservation of the life of the nation, but it did not evolve any new social, political, or economic principles. Great prin ciples already thought out and established were saved from annihilation, and given a broader scope than ever before in the history of mankind, but no new idea or ideal was involved in the struggle. The ideas and ideals involved in the struggle of the sixties were those that had already been established during the quarter-century from 1765 to 1790. That epoch was a period of origins. Ideas and ideals of government developed in America then came into conflict with the ideas and ideals of Europe. Colonies founded on these new principles revolted against the old, threw off the yoke of their mother country, organized inde pendent states, and having achieved their independ ence, established a self-governing nation on the fed eral principle on a scale never before attempted in the history of the world. -
Popular Government Volume 11 Published by the Institute of Government July Numbers 2-7 the University of North Carolina 1945
GOVERNMENT PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA / . // <-i POPULAR GOVERNMENT VOLUME 11 PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT JULY NUMBERS 2-7 THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA 1945 Albert Coates, Editor Associate Editors: Peyton B. Abbott, John Fries Blair, Louis A. Cherry, Clifford Pace I E G Governor R. Gregg Cherry Lieutenant Governor L. Y. Ballentine Speaker O. L. Richardson I S L NOTES ON WAR GOVERNORS. LIEUTENANT A GOVERNORS AND SPEAKERS T The following officers have served during World War II: Governors J. Melville Broughton of Wake I and R. Gregg Cherry of Gaston: Lieutenant Gov- ernors R. L. Harris of Person and L. V. Ballentine of Wake; Speakers John Kerr, Jr. of Warren and Os- V car L. Richardson of Union. E The following officers served during World War I: Governor Thomas W. Bickett of Franklin; Lieuten- ant Governor O. Max Gardner of Cleveland; Speaker Walter Murphy of Rowan. The following officers served during the Civil War: L Governors John W. Ellis of Rowan. Henry T. Clark of Edgecomhe and Zebulon B. Vance of Buncombe; E Speakers of the Senate Henry T. Clark of Edge- combe and Giles -Mebane of Alamance; Speakers A William P. Dortch of Wayne. Robert I). Gillam of Granville. Richard S. Donnell of Beaufort and Nathan D Fleming of Rowan. The following officers served during ihe Revolu- E tionary War: Governors Richard Caswell of Lenoir \'an(f Clark Dortch County. Abner Nash of Craven and Thomas Burke R of Orange; Speakers of the Senate Samuel Ashe of New Hanover. Whitmel Hill of Martin. -
Thomas Burke: Southern Patriot in The
THOMAS BURKE: SOUTHERN PATRIOT IN THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION APPROVED:: Major Stressor •p. MXnor ProLf ess<5r/ Di^ctor of the Departmentqt History Dean of the Graduate School Hud- Salter, Bette Jo, Thomas Burke; Southern Patriot In the American Revolution. Master of Arts (History), January 1971, 110 pp., bibliography, 30 titles. Thomas Burke, who emigrated from Ireland in the 176o's, played an active political role during the American Revolution. He was a member of the North Carolina provincial Congress which worked out that state*s transition from colony to statehood, and he served three terms as a delegate to the Continental Congress. He also served one term as Governor of the state of North Carolina. This study is an attempt to determine the extent of Burke*s influence at the state and national level, and the effect of one man*s personality on the revolutionary period in America. The presentation of this material is divided into three major divisions and an epilogue. Chapter I, "Thomas Burke*s Rise to Prominence," provides the background of Burke1s early life, including his move to North Carolina, his professional career, and his first political activities in the North Carolina statehood movement. Chapter II, "Thomas Burke in the Continental Congress," describes the most Important phase of his career. Prom 1777 to 1781 Burke imposed his states rights philosophy on the Continental Congress and prevented the formation of a national government under the Articles of Confederation. Chapter III, "Governor Thomas Burke," discusses the final phase of his career. He became governor of North Carolina in 1781 when the state was under selge by both British and Loyalist forces. -
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Ten Men of High Office in Revolutionary North Carolina, 1777-1783. A Test of the Martin Thesis in Men in Rebellion by Karl RoDABAUGH* I Not long after the events at Lexington and Concord, writers began presenting different explanations of the outbreak of the American Revolu tion and of the changes it wrought in American life. This trend has been continued by modern historians who have long debated the causes and consequences of the Revolution. In the twentieth century, the debate has mostly been between historians of two main schools: the "Progressives" and the "Counter-Progressives" (also known as the "Consensus" histo rians). The "Progressives" -foremost among them being J. Franklin Jame son and Merrill Jensen - have contended that the Revolution, although growing out of the American elite's determination to preserve its political rights within the British system, resulted in many significant social and economic changes in American life. At first the controversy centred on the American elite's protests against the changing nature of British imperial government, but a democratic upsurge in America soon forced the battle for home rule to divide time with a new struggle between the American elite and the American common people over who would rule at home. Radicals and conservatives soon confronted each other, joining with men of like political persuasion to fight for control of the new American govern ments. In 1789 the conservatives won a temporary victory by securing ratification of the United States Constitution - a basically conservative document. 1 Although Jameson and Jensen have treated broad national themes, other historians have applied the "Progressive" interpretation to develop ments in the individual states. -
The Halifax Resolves” (See Slide 57)
North Carolina’s Founding Fathers www.carolana.com J.D. Lewis © 2018 – J.D. Lewis – All Rights Reserved Little River, SC Terms of Use: Any or all parts of this slideshow may be used by anyone for any purpose free of charge – with one stipulation. The user must cite “www.carolana.com” as the source and may not alter any material used. 2 Table of Contents Topic Slide No. Quick Lookback at Representative Gov’t 4 NC Quick Lookback (1629 to 1775) 10 NC Provincial Government (1774-1776) 35 NC State Government (1776-1790) 62 Sources 159 Appendix A – NC Founding Fathers by County 162 3 Quick Lookback at Representative Government 4 Ancient Democracies, Republics & Constitutions • Athenian democracy developed around the fifth century BC in the Greek city-state of Athens. Spread to other city-states. • It was a system of direct democracy, in which participating citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills. This was not considered to be a “representative government,” however. • To vote one had to be an adult, male citizen, i.e., not a foreign resident, a slave, or a woman. • Leaders elected at random by citizens. • Solonian Constitution drafted in 594 BC. Greek Senate c. 450 BC • Indian City State of Vaishali functioned as what would be called a Republic. There were other similar city-states, all in northern India. • Decision making by voting of two primary groups: Martial or warrior class Trade guilds/agriculturists class • Code of Manu issued in 3rd Century BC. North Indian Assembly c.400 BC • Two Consuls – executive leaders • Senate comprised of 300 upper class citizens • Tribune comprised of 10 lower class citizens • Citizen Assemblies (adult males only) • Two-party system – Patricians & Plebians • Leaders elected lower members • Considered to be a Republic • 12 Tables (constitution-like) codified in 450 BC. -
Military Collection V
MILITARY COLLECTION V. WAR OF THE REVOLUTION Box No. Contents 1 Board of War, 1780‐1781 Account of John Haywood, secretary Journal Correspondence 2 Commissary Correspondence, 1779‐1781 3 Commissary Correspondence, 1782‐1783 Orders to the Commissary General Commissary General's Letter Book 4 British and Loyalist Papers "A British Orderly Book, 1780‐1781" (sometimes called the Cornwallis Orderly Book) British Soldiers' Account Book, 1776‐1778 "Observations on the War in Carolina" by Colonel Robert Gray, officer of provincial troops Loyalist discharge, 1783 [MISSING] 5 Miscellaneous Papers, 1776‐1789 1776‐court martial of Captain Aaron Hill 1776‐depositions on treason of James Childs 1777‐Recruiting Instructions 1778‐depositions on James Davis' assault on Colonel Cheriol 1778‐Pay abstract of Captain Samuel Ash’s Troop of Light Dragoons. 1778‐Major Dixon's criticism of officers' attitudes and list of garrison court martial sentences 1778‐court of inquiry into certain enlistments: Abraham Smith, Jacob Ford, John Row, Josiah Lasiter, Benjamin Smith 1778‐court‐martial of Captain Nicholas Edmonds 1778‐1779‐depositions in inquiry on drafting of troops in Anson County 1779‐regimental court martial of Francis Madcalf 1779‐drum head court martial of George Gilbert 1779‐Tory recruiting in Wilkes County MILITARY COLLECTION V. WAR OF THE REVOLUTION Box No. Contents 5 (cont.)1779‐depositions on privateers lying off Knotts Is. [1779]John Williams' account of efforts to exchange prisoners in New York under a flag of truce 1780‐prisoner of war's parole -
Parks and Natural History
This tour was developed and narrated by the Raleigh Digital Parks and Natural History Connectors program, a nationally-renowned program providing A self-guided tour of downtown Raleigh technology and leadership training for youths ages 14-18. 1 RALEIGH CONVENTION CENTER 500 S. Salisbury St.— Introduction Welcome to the Parks and Natural History Tour! Today you will learn history about Raleigh’s four original parks, travel to each of them and discover their importance today. You will also pass by the world’s 33 largest globe replica. To get started let’s talk a little bit about the 5 original city plan for Raleigh. Surveyor and former North Carolina state senator William Christmas was hired to develop the plan for the city. Christmas modelled his design after William Penn’s 44 Philadelphia Plan, creating a one-square- mile grid of perpendicular streets with integrated green space, centered on Union Square (now Capitol Square), which was designated as the site of the State Capitol building. Four, 99-foot-wide thoroughfares acted as the main arteries: Fayetteville, Halifax, Hillsborough and New Bern streets. Each of the city’s quadrants contained a 2 four-acre square with public green space, 66 named after state leaders Richard Caswell (northwest of Union Square), Thomas Burke (northeast), Alfred Moore (southeast) and Abner Nash (southwest). Each featured diagonal pedestrian pathways, lawns and commemorative elements, including statuary and civic art. 11 = Citrix Cycle station 5.25.21 This tour was created through a partnership between the City of Raleigh and the Greater Raleigh Convention and Visitors Bureau. To learn more about the Raleigh Digital Connectors program, please visit raleighnc.gov and search digital connectors. -
Tar River Blounts and a Transitional Maritime Cultural Landscape, 1778-1802
TAR RIVER BLOUNTS AND A TRANSITIONAL MARITIME CULTURAL LANDSCAPE, 1778-1802 by Justin Randolph Edwards February 2015 Director of Thesis: Dr. Wade G. Dudley Program in Maritime Studies, Department of History This thesis analyzes John Gray Blount and his associates’ roles in the post Revolutionary War development of North Carolina’s Tar-Pamlico maritime cultural landscape. After discussing the business interests and political connections of John Gray and his brothers, it will show the relationship between these men and the Tar-Pamlico’s ports and waterways. Controlling and developing these areas was vital to the Blounts’ business strategy. As a result, the Blounts became major shapers of the Tar-Pamlico maritime cultural landscape, contributing to internal improvements and the growth of Washington and other ports on the trade route. The thesis focuses on Washington as the center of John Gray’s “burgeoning empire” and a transitional maritime landscape, connecting eastern North Carolina with broader maritime and Atlantic communities. 1 Utilizing The John Gray Blount Papers , The State and Colonial Records of North Carolina, and other primary sources, this thesis applies Christer Westerdahl’s concept of the maritime cultural landscape to a political and economic investigation. Subject matter includes 1 David S. Cecelski, The Waterman’s Song: Slavery and Freedom in Maritime North Carolina (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2001), 77. shipping, lighthouses, naval stores, tobacco, fisheries, land speculation, slavery, the United