Peony, a Future Crop for Alaska?
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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Transcription Factors Related to Leaf Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Paeonia Qiui
molecules Article Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Transcription Factors Related to Leaf Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Paeonia qiui Jianrang Luo 1,2 ID , Jingjing Duan 1,2, Dan Huo 1,2, Qianqian Shi 1,2, Lixin Niu 1,2,* and Yanlong Zhang 1,2,* 1 College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (J.D.); [email protected] (D.H.); [email protected] (Q.S.) 2 National Engineering Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (L.N.); [email protected] (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-029-8708-2878 (L.N.); +86-13892816263 (Y.Z.) Received: 4 November 2017; Accepted: 4 December 2017; Published: 8 December 2017 Abstract: Paeonia qiui is a wild species of tree peony. P. qiui has good ornamental value owing to its leaf color change in spring. So far, the molecular mechanism of leaf color change in P. qiui is unclear. This study analyzes the anthocyanin level and transcriptome of two different color stages in P. qiui leaf. The purplish-red leaf stage is rich in anthocyanin, while the green leaf has very low levels of anthocyanin. Transcriptome analysis reveals that 6678 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) are up-regulated, and 14,667 are down-regulated in the purplish-red leaf. Among these DEGs, 40 MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) genes, 40 bHLH (MYC-like basic helix–loop–helix) genes, and 15 WD40 (WD-repeat protein) genes were found. Based on phylogenetic and alignment analysis with the deduced amino acid sequences with known transcription factors, Unigene0024459 (MYB1) is likely the R2R3-MYB that promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis; Unigene0050761 (MYB2) is likely the R2R3-MYB that represses anthocyanin biosynthesis; Unigene0005081 (bHLH1) and Unigene0006146 (WD40-1) are likely the bHLH and WD40 that participate in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. -
Transcriptome Sequencing of Purple Petal Spot Region in Tree Peony Reveals Differentially Expressed Anthocyanin Structural Genes
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 04 November 2015 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00964 Transcriptome sequencing of purple petal spot region in tree peony reveals differentially expressed anthocyanin structural genes Yanzhao Zhang†, Yanwei Cheng*†,HuiyuanYa†, Shuzhen Xu and Jianming Han Life Science Department, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China The pigmented cells in defined region of a petal constitute the petal spots. Petal spots attract pollinators and are found in many angiosperm families. Several cultivars of tree peony contain a single red or purple spot at the base of petal that makes the flower more attractive for the ornamental market. So far, the understanding of the molecular mechanism of spot formation is inadequate. In this study, we sequenced Edited by: the transcriptome of the purple spot and the white non-spot of tree peony flower. Traud Winkelmann, Leibniz Universität Hannover, We assembled and annotated 67,892 unigenes. Comparative analyses of the two Germany transcriptomes showed 1,573 differentially expressed genes, among which 933 were Reviewed by: up-regulated, and 640 were down-regulated in the purple spot. Subsequently, we Kevin Davies, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & examined four anthocyanin structural genes, including PsCHS, PsF3 H, PsDFR,and Food Research Ltd., New Zealand PsANS, which expressed at a significantly higher level in the purple spot than in the Anne Behrend, white non-spot. We further validated the digital expression data using quantitative real- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Germany time PCR. Our result uncovered transcriptome variance between the spot and non-spot *Correspondence: of tree peony flower, and revealed that the co-expression of four anthocyanin structural Yanwei Cheng genes was responsible for spot pigment in tree peony. -
Genetic Diversity of Paeonia Rockii (Flare Tree Peony) Germplasm Accessions Revealed by Phenotypic Traits, EST-SSR Markers and Chloroplast DNA Sequences
Article Genetic Diversity of Paeonia rockii (Flare Tree Peony) Germplasm Accessions Revealed by Phenotypic Traits, EST-SSR Markers and Chloroplast DNA Sequences Xin Guo, Fangyun Cheng * and Yuan Zhong Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Peony International Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; [email protected] (X.G.); [email protected] (Y.Z.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-010-62338027 Received: 16 May 2020; Accepted: 10 June 2020; Published: 12 June 2020 Abstract: Research Highlights: This study, based on the first collection of cultivated Paeonia rockii (flare tree peony, FTP) germplasm across the main distribution area by our breeding desires, comprehensively evaluates these accessions by using phenotypic traits, expressed sequence tag (EST)-simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and chloroplast DNA sequences (cpDNA). The results show that these accessions collected selectively by us can represent the genetic background information of FTP as a germplasm of tree crops. Background and Objectives: FTP has high cultural, ornamental and medicinal value traditionally, as well as recently presenting a significance as an emerging edible oil with high α-linolenic acid contents in the seeds. The objectives of this study are to reveal the characteristics of the genetic diversity of FTP, as well as to provide scientific suggestions for the utilization of tree peony breeding and the conservation of germplasm resource. Materials and Methods: Based on the phenotypic traits, EST-SSR markers and chloroplast DNA sequence variation, we studied the diversity of a newly established population of 282 FTP accessions that were collected and propagated by ourselves in our breeding project in recent years. -
Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Paeonia Ostii
molecules Article Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Paeonia ostii Shuai Guo 1,2,†, Lili Guo 1,†, Wei Zhao 1,†, Jiang Xu 2, Yuying Li 1, Xiaoyan Zhang 2,3, Xiaofeng Shen 2, Mingli Wu 2,4 and Xiaogai Hou 1,* 1 College of Agricultural (College of Tree Peony), Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China; [email protected] (S.G.); [email protected] (L.G.); [email protected] (W.Z.); [email protected] (Y.L.) 2 Institute of Chinese Materia Medical, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; [email protected] (J.X.); [email protected] (X.Z); [email protected] (X.S.); [email protected] (M.W.) 3 College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, Anhui, China 4 College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, Hubei China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel: +86-0379-6998-0776 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Received: 22 December 2017; Accepted: 24 January 2018; Published: 26 January 2018 Abstract: Paeonia ostii, a common oil-tree peony, is important ornamentally and medicinally. However, there are few studies on the chloroplast genome of Paeonia ostii. We sequenced and analyzed the complete chloroplast genome of P. ostii. The size of the P. ostii chloroplast genome is 152,153 bp, including a large single-copy region (85,373 bp), a small single-copy region (17,054 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats regions (24,863 bp). The P. ostii chloroplast genome encodes 111 genes, including 77 protein-coding genes, four ribosomal RNA genes, and 30 transfer RNA genes. -
Paeonia Rockii) and the Qinling Mountains As a Geographic Barrier Driving the Fragmentation of a Large Population
Genetic Structure of the Tree Peony (Paeonia rockii) and the Qinling Mountains as a Geographic Barrier Driving the Fragmentation of a Large Population Jun–hui Yuan1,3,4, Fang–Yun Cheng1,2*, Shi–Liang Zhou3* 1 Landscape Architecture College of Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 2 National Flower Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetic and Breeding of Forestry Trees and Ornamental Plants, Beijing, China, 3 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 4 Gansu Forestry Technological College, Tianshui, Gansu, China Abstract Background: Tree peonies are great ornamental plants associated with a rich ethnobotanical history in Chinese culture and have recently been used as an evolutionary model. The Qinling Mountains represent a significant geographic barrier in Asia, dividing mainland China into northern (temperate) and southern (semi–tropical) regions; however, their flora has not been well analyzed. In this study, the genetic differentiation and genetic structure of Paeonia rockii and the role of the Qinling Mountains as a barrier that has driven intraspecific fragmentation were evaluated using 14 microsatellite markers. Methodology/Principal Findings: Twenty wild populations were sampled from the distributional range of P. rockii. Significant population differentiation was suggested (FST value of 0.302). Moderate genetic diversity at the population level (HS of 0.516) and high population diversity at the species level (HT of 0.749) were detected. Significant excess homozygosity (FIS of 0.076) and recent population bottlenecks were detected in three populations. Bayesian clusters, population genetic trees and principal coordinate analysis all classified the P. -
Next-Generation Genome Sequencing of Sedum Plumbizincicola Sheds
plants Article Next-Generation Genome Sequencing of Sedum plumbizincicola Sheds Light on the Structural Evolution of Plastid rRNA Operon and Phylogenetic Implications within Saxifragales 1,2, 1, 1 3 1 1 Hengwu Ding y, Ran Zhu y, Jinxiu Dong , De Bi , Lan Jiang , Juhua Zeng , Qingyu Huang 1, Huan Liu 3, Wenzhong Xu 4, Longhua Wu 3,* and Xianzhao Kan 1,2,* 1 The Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China; [email protected] (H.D.); [email protected] (R.Z.); [email protected] (J.D.); [email protected] (L.J.); [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (Q.H.) 2 The Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China 3 National Engineering Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Remediation Technologies, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; [email protected] (D.B.); [email protected] (H.L.) 4 Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (L.W.); [email protected] (X.K.); Tel.: +86-25-8688-1128 (L.W.); +86-139-5537-2268 (X.K.) These authors equally contributed to this work. y Received: 27 August 2019; Accepted: 28 September 2019; Published: 29 September 2019 Abstract: The genus Sedum, with about 470 recognized species, is classified in the family Crassulaceae of the order Saxifragales. Phylogenetic relationships within the Saxifragales are still unresolved and controversial. -
Template TC/49
G TC/49/2 Rev.2 ORIGINAL: Englisch DATUM: 14. März 2013 INTERNATIONALER VERBAND ZUM SCHUTZ VON PFLANZENZÜCHTUNGEN Genf TECHNISCHER AUSSCHUSS Neunundvierzigste Tagung Genf, 18. bis 20. März 2013 PRÜFUNGSRICHTLINIEN Vom Verbandsbüro erstelltes Dokument 1. Dieses Dokument erteilt Informationen zu folgenden Entwicklungen bezüglich der Prüfungsrichtlinien: I. ANZUNEHMENDE PRÜFUNGSRICHTLINIEN II. ZUSÄTZLICHE MERKMALE III. KORREKTUREN AN PRÜFUNGSRICHTLINIEN IV. VON DEN TECHNISCHEN ARBEITSGRUPPEN IM JAHR 2012 BEHANDELTE ENTWÜRFE VON PRÜFUNGSRICHTLINIEN V. VON DEN TECHNISCHEN ARBEITSGRUPPEN IM JAHR 2013 ZU BEHANDELNDE ENTWÜRFE VON PRÜFUNGSRICHTLINIEN VI. PRÜFUNGSRICHTLINIEN AUF DER UPOV-WEBSITE TC/49/2 Rev.2 Seite 2 I. ANZUNEHMENDE PRÜFUNGSRICHTLINIEN 2. Der Technische Ausschuß (TC) nahm auf seiner siebenundvierzigsten Tagung vom 4. bis 6. April 2011 zur Kenntnis, daß der Rat auf seiner dreiundvierzigsten ordentlichen Tagung vom 22. Oktober 2009 in Genf die Praxis gebilligt habe, nach der die Prüfungsrichtlinien vom TC im Auftrag des Rates aufgrund des vom Rat gebilligten Arbeitsprogramms angenommen werden, ohne daß die einzelnen Prüfungsrichtlinien dem Rat zur Prüfung vorgelegt werden (vergleiche Dokument C/43/17 „Bericht“, Absatz 38). 3. Auf seiner sechsundvierzigsten ordentlichen Tagung vom 1. November 2012 in Genf nahm der Rat die Arbeiten des TC, der Technischen Arbeitsgruppen (TWP) und der Arbeitsgruppe für biochemische und molekulare Verfahren und insbesondere für DNS-Profilierungsverfahren (BMT), wie in Dokument C/46/10 dargelegt, zur Kenntnis und billigte die in Dokument C/46/10 enthaltenen Arbeitsprogramme (vergleiche Dokument C/46/18 „Bericht über Entscheidungen“, Absatz 38). 4. Für das Jahr 2012 war für jede der bestehenden TWP eine Tagung angesetzt. Auf jenen Tagungen wurde entschieden, dem TC die Entwürfe der Prüfungsrichtlinien in Anlage I zur Annahme vorzulegen. -
Woody Peony Culture and Care
Woody Peony Culture and Care Groups, General Information, Growing and Planting ___________________________________________ 3 GROUPS, ALLOWING CHOICES FOR THE GARDENER Woody peonies can be categorized into three main groups. Each group has unique floral characteristics, plant habits, climate tolerances and cultural needs. Most can be grown in USDA Hardiness Zones 4-8, but other climate variables (other than temperature) may impact their growth. GROUP 1: PAEONIA SUFFRUTICOSA CULTIVARS Tree Peonies have been grown for centuries in China and Japan. These plants are mainly from the man-made species P. suffruticosa, which has been selectively bred in China for centuries. P. suffruticosa does not occur in nature and is actually a hybrid group of plants derived from 4 to 6 species. In Japan, P. suffruticosa cultivars are referred to as 'Moutan' (Bouton) and in China 'Mudan'. They are among the most cherished plants in these nations and should receive much greater attention in American gardens. Many cultivars available are historic hybrids that may be hundreds of years old, giving testimony to their durability. The Japanese and Chinese suffruticosa selections are less tolerant of wet conditions and are often damaged during rainy seasons, especially in heavy soils. Plants originating from China have typically been the most available at low prices. Unfortunately the Chinese P. suffruticosa cultivars were genetically selected to grow best in semi-arid conditions--making them a poor choice for most American gardens. All are certainly beautiful, but have also caused many an American gardener to regard woody peonies as difficult to grow. However, there are many choices to suit the diverse American gardener's needs. -
Paeonia 01-19
PAEONIA Volume 11, No. 2 June, 1980 REQUIRED READING – TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. "The Peonies" by John C. Wister, $3.50 Page 1, More on Colchicine, (also pp 9 &10) from American Peony Society.. _______ ……….. Don Hollingsworth 250 Interlachen Rd., Hopkins, MN 55343 Page 2, Correspondence between Elisabeth 2. The Bulletins of the American Peony Georgiadou and Chris Laning Society. Page 4, Making Crosses for Double Flowers The PAEONIA is authorized by Miss Silvia Having New Colors, Saunders. ……….. Don Hollingsworth Editors are Chris and Lois Laning, Page 6, Letter (Colchicine) from L.J. Dewey 553 West F Avenue, Kalamazoo, Page 8, Polygene Concept, ….. Chris Laning Michigan, 49007. Suggested yearly contribution to cover Page 10, "First Aid" for Plants, Chris Laning expenses of printing and mailing is $2.50 (In the U.S.A.) COMMENT ON INBREEDING ARTICLE Don Hollingsworth Dear Chris: March 1, 1980 I have your article on inbreeding and am pleased that you are promoting this. The inbreeding I have been doing with F1 hybrids as seed parents has been almost entirely using pollens of closely related plants. It is perhaps useful for me to again share the identity of some that have been seed producers. (All F1, and triploid, except perhaps Claire de Lune.) SLP Hybrids Other Paladin Claire de Lune * Red Red Rose * (Lacti x Good Cheer) various with SLP group Lustrous Sophie For pollen parents I use related parents or F2 of Laura Magnuson * the same group; tetraploids when the pod Cardinals Robe * parent is a triploid. Bravura This is, of course, just one of the levels at Lovely Rose which one might start an inbred line. -
Paeonia: a Systematic Review Yong Yang1,2,3,4,Miaosun1,2,3,4, Shanshan Li1,5, Qihang Chen2,3,4, Jaime A
Yang et al. Horticulture Research (2020) 7:107 Horticulture Research https://doi.org/10.1038/s41438-020-0332-2 www.nature.com/hortres REVIEW ARTICLE Open Access Germplasm resources and genetic breeding of Paeonia: a systematic review Yong Yang1,2,3,4,MiaoSun1,2,3,4, Shanshan Li1,5, Qihang Chen2,3,4, Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva6, Ajing Wang1,5, Xiaonan Yu2,3,4 andLiangshengWang1,5 Abstract Members of the genus Paeonia, which consists of globally renowned ornamentals and traditional medicinal plants with a rich history spanning over 1500 years, are widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Since 1900, over 2200 new horticultural Paeonia cultivars have been created by the discovery and breeding of wild species. However, information pertaining to Paeonia breeding is considerably fragmented, with fundamental gaps in knowledge, creating a bottleneck in effective breeding strategies. This review systematically introduces Paeonia germplasm resources, including wild species and cultivars, summarizes the breeding strategy and results of each Paeonia cultivar group, and focuses on recent progress in the isolation and functional characterization of structural and regulatory genes related to important horticultural traits. Perspectives pertaining to the resource protection and utilization, breeding and industrialization of Paeonia in the future are also briefly discussed. Introduction Paeoniflorin and paeonol are unique chemical compo- 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; The genus Paeonia was placed in the Ranunculaceae nents in the roots of Paeonia, so several species of before the 20th century. According to the characteristic Paeonia were initially utilized as medicinal plants5. Wild arrangement of stamens, Worsdell1 separated Paeonia Paeonia species were introduced and domesticated in from rose in the Ranunculaceae and moved it to the China approximately 1500 years ago, as well as in med- Paeoniaceae. -
Peonies in the Netherlands
a PROGRAMA DE INNOVACIÓN TERRITORIAL GOBIERNO DE CHILE ■ PLtNDAOON PARA LA Ii~NOV'At-ION AL-a IC MINo)Acurk INFORMES DE AVANCE TÉCNICOS - PARTE 2 S ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ~ PROGRAMAS DE INNOVACIÓN ~■ TERRITORAL ■ ■ ■ ■ ~■ ESTUDIOS ■ ■ INFORME TÉCNICO FINAL ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ INFORME TÉCNICO DE AVANCE DE ESTUDIOS EJECUTOR: Vital Berry Marketing S.A. NOMBRE DEL ESTUDIO: Estudios de mercado de peonías CÓDIGO: EST-2007-0255 N° INFORME: Final PERIODO: Desde: Enero 2008 asta: O t~br 2008 NOMBRE Y FIRMA COORDINADOR ESTUDIO: Enrique Acevedo Herl USO INTERNO FIA FECHA RECEPCIÓN 1. Resumen ejecutivo del estudio (máximo 1 página) El resumen debe mencionar brevemente la metodología utilizada y a la obtención de aquellos resultados más relevantes, basándose en los objetivos general y específicos propuestos. Deberá explicar brevemente el grado de alcance de los resultados y emitir un juicio sobre los principales impactos técnicos, económicos y sociales alcanzados en el contexto del Programa. Se contrato los servicios de la empresa holandesa FBI (Flowers Best Interes) para realizar el estudio de mercado holandés. Finalmente esta empresa declinó hacer el estudio americano dado la dificultad para ellos de disponer de suficiente información relevante para un buen resultado. La ASOEX recomendó tres empresas que podrían hacer el estudio solicitado. Dos de ellos aceptaron y nos hicieron llegar sus respectivas propuestas. Promar International de UK con un estimado de £ 15.500 y Perishables Group de USA con un estimado de US$65.850. Se acordó no hacer el estudio bajo estos costos y se procederá a reunir información en distintas fuentes existentes. La información de las giras comerciales y la obtenida en otros estudios realizados anteriormente sería suficiente de acuerdos a los fondos con que cuenta el Programa. -
Abortion Occurs During Double Fertilisation and Ovule Development
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.16.452677; this version posted July 16, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Running title: 2 Paeonia ludlowii ovule abortion 3 4 Abortion occurs during double fertilisation and ovule 5 development in Paeonia ludlowii 6 Ting-qiao Chen, Meng-yu Xie, Yu-meng Jiang, Tao Yuan* 7 (School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, National Engineering Research 8 Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key 9 Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of 10 Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular 11 Breeding, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China) 12 *Author for correspondence ([email protected]) 13 14 Summary statement: 15 Elucidation of the origin and characteristics of ovule abortion in an endangered Chinese plant 16 species, Paeonia ludlowii. 17 18 Running title: 19 Paeonia ludlowii ovule abortion 20 21 22 Keywords: Paeonia ludlowii, Ovule, Seed abortion, Tree peony, Double fertilisation, Endosperm 23 abortion 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.16.452677; this version posted July 16, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 38 Abstract 39 Paeonia ludlowii (Stern & G.Taylor) D.Y.Hong, a rare and endangered species, is 40 indigenous to Tibet, China and propagated only by seed.