Archaeological Monitoring 4 Runner End Holme-On-Spalding Moor East
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Archaeological Monitoring 4 Runner End Holme-on-Spalding Moor East Riding Of Yorkshire Controlled observation, investigation and recording (watching brief) for the erection of a dwelling, attached garage and the means of vehicular access Prepared on behalf of: Mr. R S Hancock & Miss S E Isle Planning Ref: DC/13/02640/PLF/WESTWW HSMR Ref: SMR/PA/CONS/18619 National Grid Ref: SE 80486 38382 Site Code: 2014.007.REH PastSearch 25 Chestnut Drive Holme-upon-Spalding Moor York YO43 4HW K.Adams March 2015 PastSearch Report No:006 Contents 1 Summary 3 2 Introduction 3 3 Planning Background 3 4 Archaeological Background 4 5 Historical Background 4 6 Site Location and Geology 5 7 Methodology 5 8 Results 6 9 Specialist Reports 7 9.1 Ceramic Building Material Assessment 7 9.2 The Faunal Remains (Animal Bone) 11 10 The Other Finds 13 10.1 Pottery 14 10.2 Clay Tobacco Pipe 15 10.3 The Glass Assemblage 15 11 Discussion 20 12 Recommendations 20 13 Acknowledgements 21 14 Archive 21 15 Bibliography 21 16 On-Line Resources 22 Appendices Context Register Plates (See List) Figures (See List) Written Scheme of Investigation (Approved 6 June 2014) Page Archaeological monitoring at 4 Runner End, HOSM, East Riding of Yorkshire 1 List of Plates Plate 1: General shot, pre-excavation, looking west Plate 2: General shot, pre-excavation, looking southeast Plate 3: Dwelling area topsoil strip, looking west (1m scale) Plate 4: Dwelling foundation trench, service trench (103) sect 3, looking south (50cm scale) Plate 5: Dwelling foundation trench, post hole [106], sect 4, looking east (50cm scale) Plate 6: Dwelling foundation trench, post hole [108] & service trench (104), sect 1, looking east (50cm scale) Plate 7: Garage foundation area, sect 3, looking south (1m scale) Plate 8: Garage foundation area, service trench (109), looking south (50cm scale) Plate 9: General shot, looking west (1m scale) Plate 10: Service trench, looking north (50cm scale) Plate 11: Service trench, looking west (50cm scale) Plate 12: Codd-type bottle, T G Grant, Market Weighton, (20cm & 10 cm scales) Plate 13: Bottle, W Day, Bridlington Quay (20cm & 10 cm scales) Plate 14: Bottle, Thos Grant, Market Weighton (20cm & 10 cm scales) Plate 15: Bottle, Whitbread, London (20cm & 10cm scales) Plate 16: Bottle, J W Tindell, Hull (20cm & 10cm scales) Plate 17: Bottle, Base, Stephen Smith (10cm scale) List of Figures Fig 1: Location plan Fig 2: Site plan Fig 3: Plan of dwelling foundations, garage foundations and drainage trenches Fig 4: Sections 1 - 4 Page Archaeological monitoring at 4 Runner End, HOSM, East Riding of Yorkshire 2 1. Summary This report provides the results of archaeological monitoring undertaken over a period of five visits between 4th September 2014 and 6th January 2015; on land northwest of 4 Runner End, Holme-upon-Spalding Moor, East Riding of Yorkshire. The planning condition included the archaeological programme of observation, investigation and recording (watching brief) for the erection of a dwelling, attached garage, vehicular access and drainage. Although the development site is located within the vicinity of known heritage assets, including pottery kilns, there were no features which associated with those periods on the development site. The few features which were encountered; post holes and service trenches appeared to be dated to the post-medieval/modern period. The post holes may be associated with a small out building noted on the 1910 Os map. A quantity of complete and part examples of glass bottles and jars were collected from an area in the topsoil, although not appearing to be contained within a pit. A number of these included contents and bottle manufactures details, which dated between the mid 19th to early 20th century. The pottery, animal bone and ceramic building material assemblages which were also collected were of similar general date with some residual pottery sherds of the 14th-18th century. 2. Introduction This report presents the results of observation, investigation and recording (watching brief) undertaken over five visits between 4th September 2014 and 6th January 2015. (NGR: SE 80486 38382). The machine excavation of the dwelling and garage foundations, and drainage), was monitored on behalf of Mr. R S Hancock and Miss S E Isles, in response to a planning condition (Reference: DC/13/02640/PLF/WESTWW) issued by the East Riding of Yorkshire Council on the 23rd May 2014. The archaeological monitoring was undertaken to identify and record the presence/absence of any archaeological features identified in the written scheme of investigation produced and previously submitted to HMSR by PastSearch, (approved 6th June 2014). 3. Planning background Permission for this development was granted on the 23rd May 2014 subject to an archaeological condition. The condition was imposed to comply with the provisions of Section 91 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990: Page Archaeological monitoring at 4 Runner End, HOSM, East Riding of Yorkshire 3 ‘No development shall take place until the applicant, or their agents or successors in title, has secured the implementation of a programme of archaeological work in accordance with a written scheme of investigation which has been submitted by the applicant and approved in writing by the Local Planning Authority. Development shall be carried out in accordance with the approved details (Circular 11/95. Model Clause 55). The recommendation of a programme of observation, investigation and recording (watching brief) during all below ground works has been requested as “the site lies within a very sensitive archaeological landscape, adjacent to an area which has yielded evidence of medieval industrial activity.” (HSMR, 13th September 2013) 4. Archaeological background (Provided by the HSMR, 13th September 2013. Ref: SMR/PA/CONS/18619) “The site of the proposed development lies within the historic core of the medieval town of Holme-on-Spalding-Moor, which itself sits within an archaeological landscape containing significant heritage assets dating from the Iron Age and/or Romano-British periods. Holme-on-Spalding Moor is known to have been an important centre for pottery production during both the Romano-British and the medieval periods. Adjacent to the proposal site, and to the south-east, evidence of this pottery production was found during a field-walking exercise prior to a residential development. The exercise recorded the locations of at least three or four separate pottery kilns, all of medieval date; in addition evidence of Romano-British activity was also encountered. To the north of the proposal site another medieval kiln site was identified during the building of a new house in August 1987; large quantities of pottery sherds were recovered along with some complete vessels. To the south of the application site, close to Chapel Farm, extremely large quantities of medieval wasters were encountered during building works. Subsequent archaeological investigations on the site identified further wasters and burnt material, therefore suggesting the presence of a kiln. Across the road from the proposal site, a programme of archaeological monitoring identified the remains of a heavily burnt structural beam slot which was found to be cut into the natural sands. No dating evidence was found for the beam slot itself; however it did lie beneath a demolition th th deposit which contained pottery of 14 and 15 century. Overlying this demolition deposit was a possible interior floor/ground surface which also yielded pottery of 14th or 15th century date. It is likely therefore, that any groundwork in this area would encounter previously unknown heritage assets dating to the medieval and post-medieval periods, whilst there is also the potential for encountering evidence of earlier periods.” 5. Historical background Holme [Upon Spalding Moor] is mentioned in the Domesday Book as having 12 villagers, 8 smallholders and 1 priest, also ploughland, 2 leagues of woodland and 3 Page Archaeological monitoring at 4 Runner End, HOSM, East Riding of Yorkshire 4 furlongs of mixed measures and one church. It had a value to the lord (Alwin) in 1066 of £10, and to Geoffrey in 1086 of £3. Holme-on-Spalding moor was also known in the 19th century as “Hemp Holme,” due to the quantity of hemp which had been cultivated there. Although not named, Runner End is shown on the parish plan of 1774, surveyed by J. Dickinson. There are a number of properties marked along the line of this road but not one which relates to No.4 Runner End. From 1890 onwards the Ordnance Survey maps show a building at the position of 4 Runner End. In 1890 the western boundary was lined with trees which had been removed by 1910. The 1910 map also indicates a small ‘outbuilding’ within the grounds; however this is no longer shown on the 1970-74 map. 6. Site location and geology The site is centred on NGR: SE 80486 38382 on land to the northwest of 4 Runner End, Holme-upon-Spalding Moor, East Riding of Yorkshire. The underlying geology of the site consists of Bedrock Geology: Mercia Mudstone Group - Mudstone. Sedimentary Bedrock formed approximately 200 to 251 million years ago in the Triassic Period. Local environment previously dominated by hot deserts, Superficial Deposits: Bielby Sand Member - Sand, Clayey. Superficial Deposits formed up to 2 million years ago in the Quaternary Period. Local environment previously dominated by ice age conditions. (British Geological Society, 2012) 7. Methodology All work carried out by PastSearch was undertaken by a qualified archaeologist in accordance with IFA standards and guidelines (IFA 2008 a; b) and the Written Scheme of Investigation submitted by PastSearch and approved by HSMR 6th Jun 2014. The area for both the dwelling and garage were firstly stripped of turf and then the foundation trenches were excavated by a mechanical excavator using a narrow toothed bucket.