CERN Guide to Installing ULTRIX
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CERN Guide To Installing ULTRIX Alan Lovell CN Division Version February Contents Intro duction Conguration Hardware Installation General SCSI Identication Settings DECstation DECstation Connection to the Network Before Ordering Making the Connection System Software Installation Preparing for the Installation System Backup Disk Partitions Factory Installed Software FIS Performing the Installation Installing the Supp orted Software Subsets Installing The Unsupp orted Software Subsets Remote Installation Services How Do I Use the Remote Installation Service Remote Installation of the Supp orted Software Subsets Remote Installation of Additional Software Upgrading Your System Upgrading to Version A Upgrading to Version Preparing for the Upgrade Performing the Upgrade Post Upgrade Pro cedures The License ManagementFacility LMF Registering a License Loading the License System Tailoring Setting up TCPIP Dening the External Gateway Conguring the BINDHesio d Naming Service Dening the SearchOrder Adding the Names Servers Setting up Mail ULTRIX Version Systems ULTRIX Version Systems Starting the Network File System NFS Time Setting After the System Installation Keeping the Correct Time Diskless Clients Printer Setup Online Do cumentation Setting the Environment Mounting the Do cumentation Library Using Automount Loading the Bo okbrowser License Monitor Resolution ULTRIX Patches DECnet Installing DECnet Up dating the No de Database DECnet Tailoring User Accounts Creating a File System User Identication Adding Users Motif Motif V RISC Only Motif V Some Useful Tools Installing Binaries from dxsoft Compiling the Source Files Usenet Newsreader Terminal Emulation Phone Less A A Sample Installation B An Example of an Upgrade to Version Chapter Intro duction The purp ose of this guide is to oer help in the conguration and installation of DECstations running the ULTRIX op erating system It is aimed at the novice system manager although those with more exp erience may nd it useful as a handy reference in particular for the tailoring of the system to the CERN environment It is imp ossible in this kind of do cumenttocover all asp ects of conguration and user requirements however this guide will help you to get started and gives some hints on howyou may set up the system to suit your needs Also included are details of the various services oered bythecentral ULTRIX Remote Installation server dxsoft There are many areas not addressed in this version but the intention is that this b e a living do cumentwhich will b e extended and up dated as required References are made to existing do cumentation where this is available Acopy of the guide may b e obtained via anonymous ftp from the central Remote Installation Server dxsoft as follows ftp dxsoft Name dxsoftxxxxx anonymous Use your machine name as the password cd do c get ultrixpsZ quit uncompress ultrixpsZ This le may then b e printed on any p ostscript printer Copies are also available from the User Consultancy Oce UCO in building The contents of this do cument are to the b est of myknowledge correct at the time of going to press Please rep ort any errors or inconsistencies to the author email lovel lvx cerncernc h This is a new do cument and replaces all previous versions Chapter Conguration DEC oer many dierent standard packages ranging from basic diskless systems to large graphics workstations The following p oints mayhelpyou in deciding which b est suits your needs A minimum of Mbytes of memory is recommended For machines that are to b e used for physics analysis more than this will b e required Mbyte of disk space is the absolute minimum required With a system disk of this size you will not even b e able to install some of the subsets from the ULTRIX distribution not to mention any other software that you may require Motif Fortran etc An RZ MB or RZ GB are the preferred options for the system disk for standalone machines whereas if you plan to run the Diskless Management Services DMS an RZ GB is recommended NB A third party disk cannot easily b e used as the system disk b ecause the installation pro cedure will not recognise these disks Although this can b e circumvented it would entail a considerable amount of extra eort for every installation or full upgrade of the op erating system For p erformance reasons it is recommended that diskless clients b e equipp ed with a small lo cal disk driveforswapping and paging eg RZ MB or RZ MB A backup device should b e foreseen A high capacity tap e drive suchasan Exabyte is ideal for this purp ose and there should b e one of these devices at least for each group of stations A load device for the system software is not required as for machines installed at CERN there is a central server for ULTRIX system software layered pro d ucts and Online Do cumentation The functions of this server are describ ed in this guide At least one RRD CD Disk driveishowever recommended for each group of machines so that for example the Online Do cumentation Li brary maybemounted lo cally Some third party software houses also distribute their software and demonstration packages in CD format More details on conguring DECstations including the current prices are avail able via email to ultrixspdxcerncernch Chapter Hardware Installation General Workstations purchased from DEC are customer installable The hardware in stallation guide delivered with the machine or device gives clear instructions on how to do this If in doubt do not continue but call DEC eld service for assistance tel Addons such as a second disk drive to b e installed in an already existing exten sion b ox MUST b e installed by a eld service engineer In general if it is nescessary to op en an expansion b oxyou should call DEC When the machine has b een installed b e sure to ll in the acceptance form and send it to DEC This starts the guarantee and will ensure that your machine is registered in the DEC data base at St Sulpice Failure to do this will almost certainly cause delays when calling for supp ort SCSI Identication Settings The following is a recommendation for the connection of SCSI devices to VAXs tations and DECstations at CERN It is based on a recommendation from DEC and although only a recommendation compliance with it should make life easier for system managers and eld service engineers DECstation SCSI ID Device free free Disk System Disk factory setting for internal drive CDROM or second tap e unit if no CD will b e attached First tap e unit oppy disk drive CPU See Note Notes ID has the lowest priority The slower devices should have a higher priority except for the CPU Tap e drives should have the highest priorityfollowed by the RRD CDROM which is a bit faster and then the disk drives ID was originall y reserved for a Realtime CPU which do esnt exist It has a higher priority than the CPU and should not b e used for the connection of disk drives as this may cause the system to malfunction DECstation On the DECstation series machines the SCSI controller uses ID leaving ID settings free for use SCSI ID Device free free Disk System Disk factory setting for internal drive CDROM or second tap e unit if no CD will b e attached First tap e unit oppy disk drive free CPU Connection to the Network Before Ordering Most buildings are equipp ed with Ethernet cables either thick wire or thin wire Ethernet DEC workstations are shipp ed with the following interfaces VAXstation ThickThin VAXstation ThickThin VAXstation VLC Thick DECstation ThickThin DECstation Thick DECstation Thick DECstation Thick DECstation Thick DECstation Thick DECstation Thin DECstation Thick It is advisable to check what is available in the buildingoce where the machine will b e installed b efore an order is placed If necessary a ThickThin Wire Station Adapter DESTA can then b e ordered with the machine thus avoiding frustrating delays after the station has b een delivered The necessary cables may b e obtained from CN division see b elow Making the Connection In order not to inconvenience other network users the connection of the workstation to the network should b e made outside normal working hours or at lunch time This connection can b e prepared in advance Before making any connection send a mail to sohetcernvmcernch giving details of the lo cation typ e of connection thick or thin wire and any cables that you require This should b e done well b efore the exp ected delivery of the workstation in order to avoid delays in the event of problems For further information on how to or how not to connect your workstation to the CERN network refer to the ETHERNET Guide technique dinstallation which can b e obtained from the User Consultancy Oce in the Computer Centre Bldg see Bibliography CERN Chapter System Software Installation