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Transforming Barcelona: the Renewal of a European Metropolis/Edited by Tim Marshall

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Transforming Barcelona: the Renewal of a European Metropolis/Edited by Tim Marshall Transforming Barcelona Barcelona is perhaps the European city that has become most renowned for successfully “remaking” itself in the last 20 years. This image has been spread cumulatively around the world by books, television and internet sites, as well as by films and the use of the city in advertisements. This book is about the reality behind that image. It describes how the governors, professional planners and architects, and, in a wider sense, the people of the city and of Catalonia brought about the succession of changes which began around 1980. Transforming Barcelona is made up of chapters by those involved in the changes and by local experts who have been observing the changes year by year. Particular emphasis is placed on the political leadership and on the role of professionals, especially architects, in catalysing and implementing urban change. Other chapters look closely at the way that the treatment of public space became a key ingredient of what has been termed the “Barcelona model”. Critiques of this model consider from two different perspectives — environmental and cultural — how far the generally acclaimed successes stand up to full analysis. The book is fully illustrated and contains an up-to-date bibliography of writings on the city in English. This book will be of particular interest to those studying or practising in the fields of urban regeneration, urban design and urban geography, as well as all those fascinated by the multiple dimensions of the current transformation of older cities. No other book is available in English that provides such extensive understanding of Barcelona from authoritative local participants and observers. Tim Marshall has worked in and studied planning since the mid-1970s, and he has been visiting Barcelona since 1980. He worked in Barcelona at the start of the 1990s, researching the environmental change of the metropolitan region. Tim Marshall currently teaches at Oxford Brookes University in regeneration and European planning, and he regularly organises visits by English planning schools to Barcelona. The combination of these interests and experiences has given him a continuing insight into what has been going on in the city and in Catalonia as a whole. In particular, this insight reinforced the view that those best situated to explain the Barcelona experience are those on the spot, hence the approach taken in this book. Other titles available from Spon Press and Routledge The Enterprising City Centre Manchester’s Development Challenge Gwyn Williams Remaking Birmingham The Visual Culture of Urban Regeneration Edited by Liam Kennedy Towards an Urban Renaissance The Urban Task Force Urban Future 21 A Global Agenda for Twenty-First Century Cities Peter Hall and Ulrich Pfeiffer The Chosen City Nicholas Schoon Cities for the New Millennium Edited by Marcial Echenique and Andrew Saint For further information and to order from our online catalogue visit our website at www.sponpress.com Transforming Barcelona Edited by Tim Marshall First published 2004 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2004. © 2004 Selection and editorial material, Tim Marshall; individual chapters, the contributors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Transforming Barcelona: the renewal of a European metropolis/edited by Tim Marshall. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-415-28840-1 (hardback: alk. paper) – ISBN 0-415-28841-X (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. City planning – Spain – Barcelona. 2. Urban policy – Spain – Barcelona. 3. Barcelona (Spain) – History – 20th century. I. Marshall, Tim, 1950–. HT169.S72B378 2004 307.1'216'094672–dc22 2003027721 ISBN 0-203-64396-8 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-67528-2 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0-415-28840-1 (hbk) 0-415-28841-X (pbk) Contents Illustration credits vii Publication sources viii Contributors ix Acknowledgements xii 1 Introduction 1 Tim Marshall Part 1 What happened 25 2 Urban dynamics, public policies and governance in the metropolitan region of Barcelona 27 Oriol Nello 3 Behind Barcelona’s success story — citizen movements and planners’ power 47 Nico Calavita and Amador Ferrer 4 Governing Barcelona 65 Pasqual Maragall 5 Ten points for an urban methodology 91 Oriol Bohigas 6 The city, democracy and governability: the case of Barcelona 97 Jordi Borja 7 The planning project: bringing value to the periphery, recovering the centre 111 Juli Esteban 8 Public spaces in Barcelona 1980–2000 151 Nuria Benach 9 Public space development in Barcelona — some examples 161 Jordi Borja, Zaida Muxí, Carme Ribas and Joan Subirats, Jaume Barnada, and Joan Busquets v Part 2 Present and futures 173 10 Barcelona’s new projects 175 Barcelona Regional S.A. 11 The transformation of Poblenou: the new 22@ District 191 Oriol Clos Part 3 Critical perspectives 203 12 Urbanism, culture and the post-industrial city: challenging the “Barcelona Model” 205 Mari Paz Balibrea 13 Changing course? Principles and tools for local sustainability 225 Enric Tello Bibliography 251 Index 257 vi CONTENTS Illustration credits The authors and the publisher would like to thank the following individuals and institutions for giving permission to reproduce illustrations. We have made every effort to contact copyright holders, but if any errors have been made we would be happy to correct them at a later printing. Amador Ferrer 3.1–3.3 Barcelona 1979/2004. Del desarollo a la ciudad de calidad, Ajuntament de Barcelona, 1999 1.6–1.8, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 6.3, 9.3 Barcelona City Council 7.1–7.9, 9.6–9.8, 11.1–11.3 Barcelona Metròpolis Mediterrània, 15, 1990 1.9, 2.1 Barcelona Metròpolis Mediterrània, 44, 1998/1999 9.11, 13.3, 13.4 Barcelona Metròpolis Mediterrània, 59, 2002 13.1, 13.5 Barcelona Regional 10.1–10.3 Dinàmiques Metropolitanes a L’Area i la Regió de Barcelona, Mancomunitat de Municipis, Barcelona, 1996 1.3, 1.4, 2.2 E. Tello 13.2 Joan Trullen in Criteris per a una Política Territorial de la Regió Metropolitana, Consell Assesor d’Estratègies urbanes, Ajuntament de Barcelona, 2001 2.3 M. Balibrea 9.1, 12.1–12.3, 12.5 M. de Torres i Capell, La Formació de la Urbanística Metropolitana de Barcelona, Mancomunitat de Municipis, Barcelona, 1999 1.1, 1.2 N. Benach 8.1–8.4 T. Marshall 4.1, 4.3, 6.1, 6.2, 9.2, 9.4, 9.5, 9.9, 9.10 Colour section Amador Ferrer 3, 4 Barcelona City Council, via Juli Esteban 2 Barcelona City Council 7, 8, 15 Barcelona Regional 10–14 Estudi de L’Eixample, Ajuntament de Barcelona, 1983 1 M. Balibrea 6 T. Marshall 5, 9 vii Publication sources The following chapters have already been published elsewhere. Thanks are given for permission to republish here. Chapter 2: reprinted with permission of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Originally published in Tuchin, J. S., Varat, D. H. and Blair A. R. (eds) (2002) Democratic governance and urban sustainability. Washington DC: Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars. (English corrected.) Chapter 3: Nico Calavita and Amador Ferrer, Journal of Urban History, 26, 6, 793–807, copyright Nico Calavita and Amador Ferrer 2001. Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc. Chapter 4: published under the title “Carta de Pasqual Maragall a Pujol i a González” in Barcelona Metropòlis Mediterrània, 37, 33–63, September– October, 1997. The section on finances is published here in the same reduced form as in the English translation provided in that edition. Chapter 5: published under the same title in Architectural Review, September 1999, 88–91. Chapter 6: published under the same title in International Social Science Journal, 1996, 147, 85–93. Chapter 7: published under the title El Projecte urbanistic. Valorar la perifèria i recuperar el centre, by Aula Barcelona, 1999, Number 4 in the series Model Barcelona, Quaderns de gestió (see www.aulabcn.com). Chapter 8: published under the title “Tres aproximacions a l’espai públic barceloní”, in Espais públics. Mirades multidisciplinàries, edited by Rosa Tello I Robira, Portic, Barcelona, 2002. Chapter 9: published within pages 137–77 in L’Espai Públic: ciutat i ciutadania, edited by Jordi Borja and Zaida Muxí, Diputació de Barcelona, 2001. Chapter 10: published in part as Barcelona New Projects, Barcelona Regional, 1999 (parts updated by Barcelona Regional for this publication). Chapter 12: published under the same title in Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies, 2, 2, 187–210, Taylor and Francis, 2001. (www.tandf.co.uk/journals/carfax/14636204.html) viii Contributors Mari Paz Balibrea lectures at Birkbeck College, University of London, where she teaches Spanish literature and cultural studies. She has written extensively on the work of the writer Manuel Vàzquez Montalban and is currently preparing a book on the role of culture in post-industrial Barcelona. Barcelona Regional S.A was founded in 1993 by entities (Barcelona City Council, metropolitan bodies, etc.) and companies from the public sector to provide a common technical instrument in the field of urban planning, environment and infrastructure. Its main tasks include undertaking surveys, carrying out technical and economic feasibility studies, researching on urban planning, infrastructure and environmental issues, as well as the promotion, management and implementation of all kinds of infrastructure, urban planning, architectural and environmental projects.
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