ORACLE CORPORATION

The is an American global computer technology corporation, headquartered in Redwood City, . The company primarily specializes in developing and marketing computer hardware systems and enterprise products – particularly its own brands of management systems. In 2011 Oracle was the second- largest software maker by revenue, after Microsoft.[3]

The company also develops and builds tools for database development and systems of middle-tier software, enterprise resource planning (ERP) software, customer relationship management (CRM) software and supply chain management (SCM) software.

Larry Ellison, a co-founder of Oracle, served as Oracle's CEO from founding. On September 18, 2014, it was announced that he would be stepping down (with and to become CEOs). Ellison became executive chairman and CTO.[4] He also served as the Chairman of the Board until his replacement by Jeffrey O. Henley in 2004. On August 22, 2008, the Associated Press ranked Ellison as the top-paid chief executive in the world.[5] ,

Ellison was born in City but grew up in Chicago. He studied at the University of at Urbana–Champaign and the University of Chicago without graduating before moving to California in 1966. While working at Ampex in the early 1970s, he became influenced by Edgar F. Codd's research on relational database design, which led in 1977 to the formation of what became Oracle. Oracle became a successful database vendor to mid- and low- Larry Ellison in October 2009. range systems, competing with Sybase and Microsoft SQL Server, Born August 17, 1944 (age 71) which led to Ellison being listed by Forbes Lower East Side, Manhattan, New York, U.S. as the richest Californian in 2006.

Residence Woodside, California, U.S.

Nationality American

Alma mater University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign (dropped out) businessman and philanthropist. He was University of Chicago (dropped out) the chief executive officer of the software company Oracle Corporation between its Occupation Executive Chairman and CTO ofOracle foundation in 1977 and 2014. In 2014, he Corporation [1] was listed by Forbes as the third- wealthiest man in America and as the fifth- wealthiest person in the world, with a Known for Co-founder and CEO of Oracle Corporation Lawrence Joseph "Larry" Ellison (born August 17, 1944) is an American internet Salary $77 million (2013)[2] entrepreneurfortune of $56.2 billion.

Net worth US$50 billion (June 2015)[3]

Spouse(s) Adda Quinn (m. 1967; div. 1974)

Nancy Wheeler Jenkins (m. 1977;div. 1978)

Barbara Boothe (m. 1983;div. 1986)

Melanie Craft (m. 2003; div. 2010)

Children Megan Ellison

Website Larry Ellison Contents

 1 History

o 1.1 Overall timeline

o 1.2 Technology timeline

 2 Products and services

o 2.1 Software

. 2.1.1

. 2.1.2 Middleware

. 2.1.3 Applications

. 2.1.4 Enterprise management

. 2.1.5 Development software

. 2.1.6 Operating systems

o 2.2 Hardware

o 2.3 Services

 3 Marketing

o 3.1 Sales practices o 3.2 Competition

o 3.3 Slogans

o 3.4 Media

 4.Events

o 4.1 Acquisition of

o 4.2 Justice Department lawsuit

o 4.3 Lawsuit against Google

 5 People

 7 Offices

History

Ellison co-founded Oracle Corporation in 1977 with and Ed Oates under the name Software Development Laboratories (SDL). Ellison took inspiration from the 1970 paper written by Edgar F. Codd on relational database management systems (RDBMS) named "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks. He heard about the IBM System R database from an article in the IBM Research Journal provided by Oates. Also derived from Codd's theories, Ellison wanted to make Oracle's product compatible with System R, but failed to do so as IBM kept the error codes for their DBMS a secret. SDL changed its name to Relational Software, Inc (RSI) in 1979, then again to Oracle Systems Corporation in 1982 to align itself more closely with its flagship product . At this stage Bob Miner served as the company's senior programmer. In 1995, Oracle Systems Corporation changed its name to Oracle Corporation, officially named Oracle, but sometimes referred to as Oracle Corporation, the name of the holding company. Part of Oracle Corporation's early success arose from using the programming language to implement its products. This eased porting to different operating systems (most of which support C).

Overall timeline

Oracle Linux - A free Linux distribution supported by Oracle since 2006.

1970s

 June 16, 1977: Software Development Laboratories (SDL) is incorporated in Santa Clara, California[1] by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner andEd Oates.

 1978: Oracle Version 1, written in assembly language, runs on PDP-11 under RSX-11, in 128 KB of . Implementation separates Oracle code from user code. Oracle V1 is never officially released. The name Oracle comes from the code name of a CIA project which the founders had all worked on while at the Ampex Corporation.

 June 1979: SDL is renamed to Relational Software Inc. (RSI)] and relocated to Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California. Oracle 2, the first version of the Oracle database software, as purchased by Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, runs on PDP-11 hardware. The company decides to name the first version of its flagship product "version 2" rather than "version 1" because it believes customers might hesitate to buy the initial release of its product.

 October 1979: RSI actively promotes Oracle on the VAX platform (the software runs on the VAX in PDP-11 emulator mode). 1980s

 1981: Umang Gupta joins RSI, where he writes the first business plan for the company and serves as Vice President and General Manager.

 February 1981: RSI begins developing tools for the Oracle Database, including the Interactive Application Facility (IAF), a predecessor to Oracle*Forms.  1982: RSI renames itself Oracle Systems Corporation in order to align itself more closely with its primary product.

 March 1983: Oracle Database is rewritten in C for portability and Oracle version 3 is released.

 April 1984: Oracle receives additional funding from Sequoia Capital.

 October 1984: Oracle version 4 is released, introducing read consistency.

 November 1984: Oracle database software is ported to the PC platform. The MS- DOS version (4.1.4) of Oracle runs in only 512 KB of memory. (Oracle for MSDOS version 5, released in 1986, runs in Protected Mode on 286 machines using a technique invented by Mike Roberts, among the first products to do so.)

 April 1985: Oracle version 5 is released – one of the first RDBMSs to operate in client- server mode.

 1986: Oracle version 5.1 is released with support for distributed queries. Investigations into clustering begin.

 March 12, 1986: Oracle goes public with a revenue of $55 million.

 August 1987: Oracle founds its Applications division, building business-management software closely integrated with its database software. Oracle acquires TCI for its project management software.

 1988: Oracle version 6 is released with support for row-level locking and hot backups. The developers embedded the PL/SQL procedural language engine into the database but made no provision to store program blocks such as procedures and triggers in the database – this capability came in version 7. Users could submit PL/SQL blocks for immediate execution in the server from an environment such as SQL*Plus, or via SQL statements embedded in a host program. Oracle included separate PL/SQL engines in various client tools (such as SQL*Forms and Reports).

 1989: Oracle moves its world headquarters to Redwood Shores, California. Revenues reach $584 million.

1990s  1990: In the third quarter, Oracle reports its first ever loss;[14] it lays off hundreds of employees. Ellison hires Michael S. Fields as President of Oracle U.S.A., Jeffrey O. Henley as CFO and Raymond J. Lane as COO.

 June 1992: Oracle 7 is released with performance enhancements, administrative utilities, application-development tools, security features, the ability to persist PL/SQL program units in the database as stored procedures and triggers, and support for declarative referential integrity.

 1993: Oracle releases its "Cooperative Development Environment" (CDE), which bundles , Reports, Graphics, and Book.

 1994: Oracle acquires the database-product DEC Rdb (subsequently called ) from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). Oracle Rdb operates only on theOpenVMS platform (also a former product of DEC).

 June 1, 1995: Oracle Systems Corporation announces the merger of Oracle Corporation into Oracle Systems Corporation. This transaction eliminates the holding company structure and streamlines the operating company, Oracle Corporation, with the public holding company, Oracle Systems Corporation. As part of the merger, Oracle Systems Corporation is renamed Oracle Corporation and is the surviving entity incorporated as a Delaware corporation.

 June 21, 1995: Oracle Corporation announces new data-warehousing facilities, including parallel queries.

 November 1995: Oracle becomes one of the first[citation needed] large software companies to announce an Internet strategy when Ellison introduces the Network Computerconcept at an IDC conference in Paris.

 1996: Oracle releases of the Oracle PowerBrowser.

 April 1997: Oracle releases the first version of Discoverer.

 June 1997: Oracle 8 is released with SQL object technology, Internet technology and support for terabytes of data.

 September 1997: Oracle Corporation announces a commitment to the platform, and introduces Oracle's Java integrated development environment, subsequently called Oracle JDeveloper.  January 1998: Oracle releases 10.7 Network Computing Architecture (NCA). All the applications in the business software now run across the web in a standard web browser.

 May 1998: Oracle Corporation releases Oracle Applications 11.

 April 1998: Oracle announces that it will integrate a with Oracle Database.

 September 1998: Oracle 8i is released (the i stands for Internet).

 October 1998: Oracle 8 and Oracle Application Server 4.0 are released on the Linux platform.

 May 1999: Oracle releases JDeveloper 2.0, showcasing Business Components for Java (BC4J), a set of libraries and development tools for building database-aware applications. 2000s

 2000: OracleMobile subsidiary is founded. Oracle 9i and Application Server is released. In May, Oracle announces the Internet File System (iFS), later re-branded as Oracle Content Management SDK.[15]

 2001: Ellison announces that Oracle saved $1 billion by implementing and using its own business applications.

 2004: Oracle 10g is released (the g stands for Grid).

 December 13, 2004: After a long battle over the control of PeopleSoft, Oracle announces that it has signed an agreement to acquire PeopleSoft for $26.50 per share (approximately $10.3 billion).

 January 14, 2005: Oracle Corporation announces that it will reduce its combined workforce to 50,000, a reduction of approximately 5,000 following the take-over of PeopleSoft.

 September 2005: Oracle Corporation announces that it has agreed to acquire the private company Global Logistics Technologies, Inc., a global provider of logistics and transportation management software (TMS) solutions, through a cash offer.

 September 12, 2005: Oracle Corporation announces its purchase of , a producer of CRM technologies and a provider of business intelligence software, for $5.8 billion.  October 18, 2005: A serious security vulnerability in Oracle database password management is published by Joshua Wright of the Sans Institute and Carlos Cid of the University of London. [16] Oracle Corporation replies that existing safeguards and following good industry practices were sufficient defenses.[17] Oracle didn't close the underlying security hole until its release of the 11g DBMS in 2007.[18]

 April 12, 2006: Oracle Corporation announces its acquisition of Portal Software, Inc. (OTC BB: PRSF.PK), a global provider of billing- and revenue-management solutions for the communications and media industry, at $4.90 per share, or approximately $220 million.

 October 25, 2006: Oracle Corporation announces Unbreakable Linux.

 November 2, 2006: Oracle Corporation announces that it has agreed to acquire Stellent, Inc. (NASDAQ: STEL), a global provider of enterprise content management (ECM) software solutions, through a cash tender offer for $13.50 per share, or approximately $440 million.

 December 15, 2006: A majority of MetaSolv stockholders approves Oracle's acquisition of MetaSolv Software, a provider of operations support systems (OSS) software for the communications industry.

 2007: Oracle 11g is released.

 March 1, 2007: Oracle announces an agreement to buy Hyperion Solutions Corporation (Nasdaq: HYSL), a global provider of performance-management software solutions, through a cash tender offer for $52.00 per share, or approximately $3.3 billion. The acquisition officially took place on July 1, 2007.

 March 22, 2007: Oracle files a court case against a major competitor, SAP AG, in the Californian courts for malpractice and unfair competition.[19]

 May 15, 2007: Oracle buys Agile Software Corporation[20]

 October 16, 2007: Oracle confirms the impending departure of John Wookey, senior vice president for application development and head of its applications strategy, raising questions concerning the planned release and future of Oracle's Fusion Applications strategy.

 January 16, 2008: Oracle announces it will buy BEA Systems for $19.375 per share in cash for a total of "$7.2 billion net of cash."[21]  September 24, 2008: Oracle announces it will market servers and storage in a co-developed and co-branded data warehouse appliance named the HP Oracle Database Machine.[22] 2010s

 January 27, 2010: Oracle acquires Sun Microsystems and continues development of VirtualBox.

 March 17, 2010: Oracle launches Enterprise Manager Ops Center, a platform for managing physical and virtual Sun environments.[23]

 April 16, 2010: Oracle agrees to acquire Phase Forward for approximately $685 million.[24]

 July 5, 2010: Mexico Development Center begins to operate with offices in Guadalajara, Jalisco, known as the Mexican .[25]

 July 29, 2010: Oracle is indicted for fraud by the US Department of Justice.[26]

 November 23, 2010: Oracle wins $1.3 billion lawsuit against SAP – the largest software piracy judgment in history.[27] While acknowledging the wrongdoings of its unit TomorrowNow, which was accused of massive illegal downloads of Oracle software, SAP seeks reduction of the jury award.[28]

 March 24, 2011: Oracle announced fiscal 2011 Q3 GAAP total revenues were up 37% to $8.8 billion, while non-GAAP total revenues were up 36% to $8.8 billion.[29]

 October 2011: Oracle Corporation acquires RightNow Technologies Inc. for $1.5 billion, to strengthen cloud services.[30]

 October 18, 2011, Oracle announced it has entered into an agreement to acquire Endeca. The transaction closed on December 5, 2011.[31]

 February 9, 2012: Oracle announces acquisition of Taleo for $1.9 billion to add Talent Management products and services.[32][33]

 2012: In February 2012 Oracle releases Oracle Web Center 11gR1 (11.1.1.6.0) incorporating WebCenter Sites - the new name for Fatwire Content Server.

 May 23, 2012: Oracle announces the acquisition of social marketing platform Vitrue, for $300 million.[34]  June 5, 2012: Oracle announces the acquisition of Collective Intellect, a market intelligence firm.[35]

 July 10, 2012: Oracle announces the acquisition of social marketer Involver.[36]

 December 2012, Oracle Corporation acquired Eloqua, a marketing automation provider for $871M.[37]

 January 31, 2013: Gartner, Inc. has named Oracle a Leader in its latest "Magic Quadrant for Enterprise Content Management.[38]

 February 4, 2013: Oracle announces that it had agreed to buy Acme Packet.[39]

 March 25, 2013: Oracle announces that it had agreed to buy Tekelec.[40]

 May 2, 2013: Oracle enters an agreement with Paradox Engineering to work on new solutions in the smart city market.[41]

 May 9, 2013: Oracle announces new in-memory applications for Oracle JD Edwards EnterpriseOne, Oracle PeopleSoft, Oracle Siebel, Oracle E-Business Suite, and [42]

 October 23, 2013: Oracle enters agreement to acquire BigMachines.[43]

 December 20, 2013: Oracle acquired digital marketing company Responsys.[44]

 October 2014: Oracle acquired MICROS Systems Inc.

 December 22, 2014: Oracle acquired digital marketing company Datalogix for an undisclosed amount.[45] Technology timeline[edit]

 1979: offers the first commercial SQL RDBMS [46]

 1983: offers a VAX-mode database

 1984: offers the first database with read-consistency

 1986: offers a client-server DBMS

 1987: introduces UNIX-based Oracle applications  1988: introduces PL/SQL

 1992: offers full applications implementation methodology

 1995: offers the first 64-bit RDBMS

 1996: moves towards an open standards-based, web-enabled architecture

 1999: offers its first DBMS with XML support

 2001: becomes the first to complete 3 terabyte TPC-H world record

 2002: offers the first database to pass 15 industry standard security evaluations

 2003: introduces what it calls "Enterprise Grid Computing" with Oracle10g

 2005: releases its first free database, Oracle Database 10g Express Edition (XE)

 2008: Smart scans in software improve query-response in HP Oracle Database Machine / Exadata storage

 2013: begins use of Oracle 12C which is capable of providing cloud services with Oracle Database

Products and services

Oracle designs, manufactures, and sells both software and hardware products, as well as offers services complementing them (such as financing, training, consulting, and hosting services). Many of the products have been added to Oracle's portfolio through acquisitions.

Software

Databases

 Oracle Database Main article: Oracle Database

In 2004, Oracle Corporation shipped release 10g (g standing for "grid") as the then latest version of Oracle Database. (Oracle Application Server 10g using Java EE integrates with the server part of that version of the database, making it possible to deploy web-technology applications. The application server comprises the first middle-tier software designed for grid computing.[citation needed] The interrelationship between Oracle 10g and Java allows developers to set up stored procedures written in the Java language, as well as those written in the traditional Oracle database programming language, PL/SQL.) - Release 11g became the current Oracle Database version in 2007. Oracle Database 11g Release 2 was released in September 2009. This version is available in four commercial editions – Enterprise Edition, Standard Edition, Standard Edition One, Personal Edition – and one free edition – the Express Edition. The licensing of these editions shows various restrictions and obligations that are considered complex.[47] The Enterprise Edition (DB EE), as it is the most expensive of the Database Editions, has the least restrictions – but nevertheless has a complex licensing. The Standard Edition (DB SE) and Standard Edition One (SE1), are constrained by more licensing restrictions, which reflects their lower price. Release 12c has been made available on the first of July 2013.[48]

The following are additional database technologies that have been acquired and developed by the Oracle Corporation:

 Berkeley DB offers embedded database processing.

 Oracle Rdb, a relational database system, runs on OpenVMS platforms. Oracle acquired Rdb in 1994 from Digital Equipment Corporation. Oracle has since made many enhancements to this product and development continues today.

 TimesTen features in-memory database operations.

 Oracle continues the Hyperion Essbase tradition of multi-dimensional database management.

 MySQL, a relational database management system licensed under the GNU General Public License, initially developed by MySQL AB.

 Oracle NoSQL Database, a scalable, distributed key-value NoSQL database[49] Middleware

Main article:

Oracle Fusion Middleware is a family of middleware software products, including for instance application server, system integration, business process management (BPM), user interaction, content management, identity management and business intelligence (BI) products.

Oracle Secure Enterprise Search Oracle Secure Enterprise Search (SES), Oracle's enterprise-search offering, gives users the ability to search for content across multiple locations, including websites, file servers,content management systems, enterprise resource planning systems, customer relationship management systems, business intelligence systems, and databases.

Oracle Beehive

Main article: Oracle Beehive

Released in 2008, the Oracle Beehive collaboration software provides team workspaces (including wikis, team calendaring and file sharing), email, calendar, instant messaging, and conferencing on a single platform. Customers can use Beehive as licensed software or as software as a service ("SaaS").[50]

Applications

Oracle also sells a suite of business applications. The Oracle E-Business Suite includes software to perform various enterprise functions related to, for instance, financials, manufacturing, customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise resource planning (ERP) and human resource management. The Oracle Retail Suite[51] covers the retail-industry vertical, providing merchandise management, price management, invoice matching, allocations, store operations management, warehouse management, demand forecasting, merchandise financial planning, assortment planning and category management.[citation needed] Users can access these facilities through a browser interface over the Internet or via a corporate intranet.

Following a number of acquisitions beginning in 2003, especially in the area of applications, Oracle Corporation currently maintains a number of product lines:

 Oracle Fusion Applications Main article: Oracle Fusion Applications

 Oracle Social Engagement and Monitoring (SEM) System - Oracle has developed a Social Engagement and Monitoring Cloud service that allows businesses to capture relevant brand conversation from global web and social channels to understand what is being said about their product. The Social Engagement and Monitoring cloud provides the most effective and efficient responses across social and customer experience channels. SEM is able to route correct responses to the right team, member, or customer experience channel to ensure the best customer service. The analysis helps to understand what is important to a business’s customers. It identifies trends, spikes, and anomalies to make real time course corrections. It also can identify brand advocates. The SEM cloud identifies customer intention and interests by analyzing the common ways customers talk about a product or a service.[52]

Development of applications commonly takes place in Java (using Oracle JDeveloper) or through PL/SQL (using, for example, Oracle Forms and Oracle Reports/BIPublisher). Oracle Corporation has started[citation needed] a drive toward "wizard"-driven environments with a view to enabling non- programmers to produce simple data-driven applications.

Thilicationsrd-party app

Oracle Corporation works with "Oracle Certified Partners" to enhance its overall product-range. The variety of applications from third-party vendors includes database applications for archiving, splitting and control, ERP and CRM systems, as well as more niche and focused products providing a range of commercial functions in the areas of human resources, financial control and governance, risk management, and compliance (GRC). Vendors include Hewlett-Packard, UC4 Software and Knoa Software.[53]

Enterprise management

Main article: Oracle Enterprise Manager

Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM) provides web-based monitoring and management tools for Oracle products (and for some third-party software), including database management, middleware management, application management, hardware and virtualization management and cloud management.[54]

The Primavera products of Oracle's Primavera Global Business Unit (PGBU) consist of project- management software.[55]

ORAchk (formerly RACchk) examines software in the Oracle stack and reports on issues.[56] Development software

Oracle Corporation's tools for developing applications include (amongst others):

 Oracle Designer

 Oracle Developer – which consists of Oracle Forms, Oracle Discoverer and Oracle Reports

 Oracle JDeveloper

 NetBeans

 Oracle Application Express – also known as APEX

 Oracle SQL Developer

 Oracle SQL*Plus Worksheet

 OEPE, Oracle Enterprise Pack for .

Many external and third-party tools make the Oracle database administrator's tasks easier.

Operating systems]

Oracle develops two operating systems: and . Hardware

Oracle Exadata and Exalogic

 The Sun hardware range acquired by Oracle Corporation's purchase of Sun Microsystems

 New Oracle SPARC T-series servers and M-series mainframes developed and released after Sun acquisition

 Engineered systems: pre-engineered and pre-assembled hardware/software bundles for enterprise use

 Exadata Database Machine – hardware/software integrated storage[57]

 Exalogic Elastic Cloud – hardware/software integrated application server

 Exalytics In-Memory Machine – hardware/software integrated in-memory analytics server[58]

 Oracle Database Appliance[59]

 Big Data Appliance – integrated map-reduce/big data solution

 SPARC SuperCluster T4-4 – a general purpose engineered system[61] Services[

 Oracle Academy (training in computing and commerce in partnership with educational institutions)[62]

Services

 Software as a Service (SaaS)

 Oracle On Demand

 Oracle Applications Cloud – SCM, EPM, HR, ERP and CX SaaS offerings[64]

(PaaS)[Oracle Cloud Platform Services, grouping several Oracle products usable in the cloud: database, Java application server, messaging, big data, process, Node.js etc.[65]

 Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas)[63]

 Compute Service

 Storage Service

 Oracle Consulting – technical and business expert services

 Oracle Financing

 Oracle Support

 Product support: Oracle Corporation identifies its customers and their support entitlements using CSI (Customer Support Identifier) codes.[66] Registered customers can submit Service Requests (SRs)[67] – usually via the web-accessible My Oracle Support[68] (MOS).[69]

 Critical Patch Updates: since 2005, Oracle Corporation has grouped collections of patches and security fixes for its products each quarter into a "Critical Patch Update" (CPU), released each January, April, July and October.[70]

 Oracle Configuration Manager (OCM, previously Customer Configuration repository or CCR) gathers and uploads details of the configuration of Oracle software.[71]  Oracle Auto Service Request (ASR) automatically creates Service Requests for specific hardware faults on qualified Oracle server, storage, , and products.[72]

 My Oracle Support Community (MOSC)[73][74]

Marketing

Sales practices

In 1990, Oracle laid off 10% (about 400 people) of its work force because of accounting errors. [76] This crisis came about because of Oracle's "up-front" marketing strategy, in which sales people urged potential customers to buy the largest possible amount of software all at once. The sales people then booked the value of future license sales in the current quarter, thereby increasing their bonuses.[77] This became a problem when the future sales subsequently failed to materialize. Oracle eventually had to restate its earnings twice, and also settled (out of court) class-action lawsuits arising from its having overstated its earnings. Ellison stated in 1992 that Oracle had made "an incredible business mistake."[76]

Competition

Although IBM dominated the mainframe relational-database market with its DB2 and SQL/DS database products, it delayed[when?] entering the market for a relational database on UNIX and Windows operating systems. This left the door open for Sybase, Oracle and Informix (and eventually Microsoft) to dominate mid-range and microcomputers.

Around this time, Oracle technology started to lag technically behind that of Sybase.In 1990–1993 Sybase became the fastest-growing database company and the database industry's darling vendor,but soon fell victim to its merger mania and to technical issues with System X. Sybase's 1993 merger with Powersoft resulted in its losing its focus on its core database technology. In 1993, Sybase sold the rights to its database software running under the Windows toMicrosoft Corporation, which now markets it under the name "SQL Server."

In 1994, Informix overtook Sybase and became Oracle's most important rival. The intense war between Informix CEO Phil White and Ellison made front-page news in Silicon Valleyfor three years. Informix claimed that Oracle had hired away Informix engineers to disclose important trade secrets about an upcoming product. Informix finally dropped its lawsuit against Oracle in 1997.[78] In November 2005, a book detailing the war between Oracle and Informix was published, titled The Real Story of Informix Software and Phil White. It gave a detailed chronology of the battle of Informix against Oracle, and how Informix Software's CEO Phil White landed in jail because of his obsession with overtaking Ellison.

Once it had overcome Informix and Sybase, Oracle Corporation enjoyed years of dominance in the database market until use of Microsoft SQL Server became widespread in the late 1990s and IBM acquired Informix Software in 2001 (to complement its DB2 database). Today Oracle competes for new database licenses on UNIX, Linux, and Windows operating systems primarily against IBM's DB2 and Microsoft SQL Server (which only runs on Windows). IBM's DB2 still dominates the mainframe database market.

In 2004, Oracle's sales grew at a rate of 14.5% to $6.2 billion, giving it 41.3% and the top share of the relational-database market (InformationWeek – March 2005), with market share estimated at up to 44.6% in 2005 by some sources.[79] Oracle Corporation's main competitors in the database arena remain IBM DB2 and Microsoft SQL Server, and to a lesser extent Sybase and Teradata], with open- source databases such as PostgreSQL and MySQL also having a significant[80] share of the market. EnterpriseDB, based on PostgreSQL, has recently made inroads[81] by proclaiming that its product delivers Oracle compatibility features[ at a much lower price-point.

In the software-applications market, Oracle Corporation primarily competes against SAP. On March 22, 2007 Oracle sued SAP, accusing them of fraud and unfair competition.[82]

In the market for business intelligence software, many other software companies – small and large – have successfully competed in quality with Oracle and SAP products. Business intelligence vendors can be categorized into the "big four" consolidated BI firms such as Oracle, who has entered BI market through a recent trend of acquisitions (including Hyperion Solutions), and the independent "pure play" vendors such as MicroStrategy, Actuate, and SAS.[83]

Oracle Financials was ranked in the Top 20 Most Popular Accounting Software Infographic by Capterra in 2014, beating out SAP and a number of their other competitors.[84]

Slogans

 "Information driven"

 For the Oracle Database: "Can't break it, can't break in" and "Unbreakable"[

 Enabling the Information Age

 Enabling the Information Age Through Network Computing"]  As of 2008: "The Information Company"[

 As of 2010: "Software. Hardware. Complete."

 As of late 2010: "Hardware and Software, Engineered to Work Together"

 As of mid 2015: "Integrated Cloud Applications and Platform Services" Media

Oracle Corporation produces and distributes the "Oracle ClearView" series of videos as part of its marketing mix.[96]

Events

Acquisition of Sun Microsystems Main article: Sun acquisition by Oracle

On January 27, 2010, Oracle announced it had completed its acquisition of Sun Microsystems – valued at more than $7 billion – a move that transformed Oracle from solely a software company to a manufacturer of both software and hardware. The acquisition was delayed for several months by the EU Commission because of concerns about MySQL, but was unconditionally approved in the end.[110] This acquisition was important to some in the open source community and also to some other companies, as they feared Oracle might end Sun's traditional support of open source projects.[111][112][113] [114] Since the acquisition, Oracle has discontinued OpenSolaris and StarOffice, and sued Google over their newly acquired Java patents from Sun.[115][116] In September 2011, U.S. State Department Embassy cables were leaked[117] to Wikileaks. One cable revealed that the U.S. pressured the E.U. to allow Oracle to acquire Sun.[118]

Justice Department lawsuit

On July 29, 2010, the United States Department of Justice filed suit against Oracle Corporation alleging fraud. The lawsuit argues that the government received deals inferior to those Oracle gave to its commercial clients. The DoJ added its heft to an already existing whistleblower lawsuit filed by Paul Frascella, who was once senior director of contract services at Oracle.[119] It was settled in May 2012[120]

Lawsuit against Google Main article: Oracle v. Google

On August 12, 2010, Oracle announced a lawsuit against Google concerning patent and copyright infringement of Java in Google's development of Android. Oracle claimed that "Google’s Android competes with Oracle America’s Java" and that "Google has been aware of Sun’s patent portfolio ... since Google hired certain former Sun Java engineers."[121][122] Oracle acquired the Java patents when it bought Sun Microsystems in January 2010.] Google's reimplementation of the Java platform supports most Java functionality, apart from AWT and Swing, instead supplying a native widget toolkit.[124]

Oracle originally sought damages up to $6.1 billion,[125] but this valuation was rejected by a federal judge who asked Oracle to revise the estimate.[126] In May 2012, the jury in this case found that Google did not infringe on Oracle's patents, and the trial judge ruled that the structure of the Java APIs used by Google was not copyrightable.

On September 5, 2012, Oracle was ordered by a federal judge to pay Google's legal fees, which were over $1 million.[129]

Google has accused Apple, Oracle and Microsoft of trying to take down Android through patent litigation, rather than innovating and competing with better products and services. In August 2011, Google started the process of purchasing Motorola Mobility for US$12.5 billion, which was viewed in part as a defensive measure to protect Android, since Motorola Mobility holds more than 17,000 patents.[131] In late May 2012, it successfully completed acquisition of the company, thus adding its patents portfolio virtually unto its own, as a potential defensive measure. Google has also acquired thousands of patents from IBM. under the False Claims Act, which accused the company of overbilling the US government between 1998 and 2006. The 2011 settlement forced Oracle to pay $199.5 million to the General Services Administration.[148]

People

 Larry Ellison: CEO since he co-founded the company in 1977 until stepping down in 2014, and Chairman from 1990 to 2004. From September 2014 executive chairman and CTO.[149]  Safra Catz: Co-CEO since September 2014,[149] previously co-President (since 2004) and CFO.[150] In 2009 she was ranked by Fortune as the 12th most powerful woman in business.

 Mark Hurd: Co-CEO since September 2014,[149] previously co-President (since 2010). In 2007, Mark Hurd was ranked #16 on Fortune's list of the 25 Most Powerful People in Business.

 Bob Miner: Co-founder of the company and co-architect of Oracle Database. Led product design and development for Oracle Database from 1977 to 1992. Spun off a technology group within Oracle in 1992. Oracle board member until 1993.

 Ed Oates: Co-founder of the company. Retired from Oracle in 1996.

 Bruce Scott: One of the first employees (number 4) at Oracle (then Software Development Laboratories), Scott served as the co-author and co-architect of Oracle V1, V2 and V3.

 Umang Gupta: Former Vice President and General Manager (joined in 1981). Wrote the first business plan for the company. Current Chairman and CEO of Keynote Systems, Inc.

: Current Chairman (since 2004). Previously CFO of Oracle (1991–2004).

 Charles Phillips: Past Co-President, replaced by Mark Hurd.

 Thomas Kurian: President, Product Development

Office

Oracle Corporation has its world headquarters on the San Francisco Peninsula in the Redwood Shores area of Redwood City, adjacent to Belmont, near San Carlos Airport (IATA airport code: SQL)

Oracle HQ stands on the former site of Marine World Africa USA, which moved from Redwood Shores to Vallejo in 1986. Oracle Corporation originally leased two buildings on the site, moving its finance and administration departments from the corporation's former headquarters on Davis Drive, Belmont, California. Eventually, Oracle purchased the complex and constructed a further four main buildings.

The distinctive Oracle Parkway buildings, nicknamed the Emerald City,[152] were used as the futuristic headquarters of the fictional company "NorthAm Robotics" in the Robin Williams film Bicentennial Man (1999).[153] The campus also served as the headquarters of Cyberdyne Systems in the movie (2015).

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Oracle headquarters in Redwood Shores, California.

Conclusion

In the this Assignment, we learned how to perform a few quick and easy steps to create a custom WebCenter application. we also learned about a few components of Oracle WebCenter Framework, including Oracle Composer and the WebCenter Web 2.0 Services.

Specifically, you learned how to:

 Create a database connection, which allowed you to access a database containing information your application needed. As you move on and develop more complex custom WebCenter applications, you may want to connect to other databases for various content, and so on. You can use the same methodology to create a connection to your other databases.

Install the WebCenter schema, which allowed you to use the Tags service. Having this schema available will now let you use both the Tags and Links services, which you can learn more about in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Developer's Guide for Oracle WebCenter.

 Create a simple custom WebCenter application, which allowed you to check out how to use the built-in WebCenter application template to create a basic JSF application.

 Create a customizable page, which took just a few steps to create using the Quick Start layout and a few customizable components from Oracle Composer. You also learned about the Component Palette, which contains a variety of ADF Faces components, ADF Layout components, and Oracle Composer components that you can use to develop your pages and application.

 Use Oracle Composer, both in your development environment (by adding the customizable components to your page), and in your runtime environment (by adding components like a text box). At runtime, you were able to see how easy it is for an end user to customize her own page, including moving components around and adding new components. Biblography

www. Google.com

www.oracle.com/us/corporate

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