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Participant Handbook Men’s Reproductive Health Curriculum Introduction to Men’s Reproductive Health Services— 1 Revised Edition 2008 EngenderHealth. All rights reserved. EngenderHealth 440 Ninth Avenue New York, NY 10001 U.S.A. Telephone: 212-561-8000 Fax: 212-561-8067 e-mail: [email protected] www.acquireproject.org This publication is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the Office of Population and Reproductive Health, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), under the terms of cooperative agreement GPO-A-00-03-00006-00. The contents are the responsibility of EngenderHealth and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. ISBN: 978-1-885063-72-4 Suggested citation: EngenderHealth. 2008. Introduction to men’s reproductive health services— Revised edition: Participant handbook. New York. Contents Acknowledgments ...........................................................................................................................v Introduction .................................................................................................................................. vii 1 Delivering Men’s Reproductive Health Services ...................................................................1.1 The Importance of Involving Men in Reproductive Health ...................................................... 1.1 The Range of Men’s Reproductive Health Services ..................................................................1.5 A Framework for Working with Men ........................................................................................1.9 Advantages of and Challenges to Providing Men’s Reproductive Health Services ................ 1.13 Addressing Staff Concerns about Working with Male Clients ............................................... 1.17 2 Male Sexual and Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology ...................................................2.1 Communicating with Clients about Sexual Anatomy and Behaviors .......................................2.1 Overview of the Male Reproductive System .............................................................................2.3 Common Client Concerns about Anatomy and Physiology ......................................................2.7 Anatomy and Physiology Myths and Facts................................................................................2.9 3 Sexuality and Gender ..............................................................................................................3.1 Defining Sexuality .....................................................................................................................3.1 Defining Sex and Gender ...........................................................................................................3.5 Sexual Orientation .....................................................................................................................3.7 Sexual and Social Development ................................................................................................3.9 Common Sexual Behaviors ..................................................................................................... 3.11 Health Considerations of Sexual Behaviors ............................................................................ 3.13 Sexuality Myths and Facts ....................................................................................................... 3.15 4 Family Planning .......................................................................................................................4.1 An Overview of Contraceptive Methods ...................................................................................4.1 Dual Protection ..........................................................................................................................4.5 Male Condom, Withdrawal, Vasectomy and Fertility Awareness Methods ..............................4.7 Condom Instructions ............................................................................................................... 4.17 Female Contraceptive Methods ...............................................................................................4.21 Men’s Role in Family Planning ................................................................................................4.25 Family Planning Myths and Facts ...........................................................................................4.27 5 Sexually Transmitted Infections .............................................................................................5.1 An Overview ..............................................................................................................................5.1 Common STIs ............................................................................................................................5.3 Gender, Sex, and STIs................................................................................................................5.5 Risk Factors for Transmitting and Contracting STIs ................................................................5.7 Reducing Risk ............................................................................................................................5.9 STI Myths and Facts ................................................................................................................ 5.13 EngenderHealth Introduction to Men’s Reproductive Health Services iii 6 Men and HIV and AIDS .........................................................................................................6.1 Basic Facts about HIV and AIDS ..............................................................................................6.1 Levels of HIV Risk ....................................................................................................................6.5 Voluntary Counseling and Testing for HIV ...............................................................................6.7 Prevention of HIV Transmission to Infants and Young Children .......................................... 6.11 HIV and Male Circumcision .................................................................................................... 6.15 Gender and HIV ....................................................................................................................... 6.17 Engaging Men in HIV and AIDS ............................................................................................ 6.19 7 Men and Maternal Health .......................................................................................................7.1 Maternal Mortality and Morbidity ............................................................................................ 7.1 Preventing Maternal Mortality ..................................................................................................7.2 Men’s Role in Maternal Health ..................................................................................................7.3 Danger Signs That Men Can Identify ........................................................................................7.5 8 Provision of Men’s Reproductive Health Services ................................................................8.1 Management Issues ....................................................................................................................8.1 Cost Considerations ...................................................................................................................8.5 Creating a Male-Friendly Environment .....................................................................................8.7 Role of Frontline Staff ...............................................................................................................8.9 Appendixes Appendix A: Additional Tips for Serving Male Clients ...........................................................A.1 Appendix B: Training Frontline Staff ...................................................................................... B.1 Appendix C: Male Client Survey ............................................................................................. C.1 Appendix D: Developing and Managing Men’s Reproductive Health Services ...................... D.1 Appendix E: Informing the Community and Attracting Clients ............................................. E.1 iv Introduction to Men’s Reproductive Health Services EngenderHealth Acknowledgments The first edition of this manual was released as a draft in 2000 by EngenderHealth (then known as AVSC International), and was followed by the publication of Section 2 of the Men’s Reproductive Health Curriculum—Counseling and Communicating with Men (2003)—and Section 3 of the Men’s Reproductive Health Curriculum—Management of Men’s Reproductive Health Problems (2003). A number of staff members and consultants contributed to the development and production of the original manual, among them Dr. Katherine Forrest, Sharon Schnare, Jeanne Haws, Mary Nell Wegner, Andrew Levack, Rob Becker, Dr. Isaiah Ndong, Daria Teutonico, Brian Kearney, Susan Schneider, Betty Farrell, Phyllis Butta, Jill Tabbutt-Henry, Jim Griffin, Dr. Mark Barone, Pamela Beyer Harper, Liz Harvey, Karen Landovitz, Joanne Tzanis, Cassandra Cook, Anna Kurica, Vir- ginia Taddoni, Margaret Baynes, and Margaret Scanlon. Manisha Mehta and Andrew Levack initiated the revisions that resulted in the revised edi- tion of this manual; this version was edited by Karen Landovitz
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