Open Desktop Workstation – User Manual Genesi - Open Desktop Workstation – User Manual
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Genesi Pegasos II Debian Linux by Maurie Ommerman CPD Applications Freescale Semiconductor, Inc
Freescale Semiconductor AN2739 Application Note Rev. 1, 03/2005 Genesi Pegasos II Debian Linux by Maurie Ommerman CPD Applications Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Austin, TX This application note is the fourth in a series describing the Genesi Contents Pegasos II system, which contains a PowerPC™ microprocessor, 1. Introduction . 1 and the various applications of the system. 2. Terminology . 2 3. Starting Debian Linux . 2 4. Logging in as a Normal User . 6 5. Window Managers . 14 1 Introduction 6. Other User Applications . 19 7. Root User . 20 This application note describes the Debian Linux Operating 8. References . 43 System and many of the commands. Linux has a variety of ways 9. Document Revision History . 43 to accomplish most tasks. This document will show only one way to perform the actions described here. There are other ways. Also, there is usually a GUI way to accomplish most tasks, however, this paper presents command line methods for most tasks. GUI are nice, but they hide what is really happening. When the network is set up with a GUI, how the files are actually affected is not seen, but using the line commands allows feedback on exactly what is happening. This is not a complete guide to Debian Linux, but is a collection of useful things to help both the experienced and novice become quickly adept at using Debian Linux. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2005. All rights reserved. Terminology 2 Terminology The following terms are used in this document. CUPS Common Unix Printing System Architecture Debian One of the versions of Linux IDE A type of hard drive, which allows up to 2 drives on each channel Linux OS Linux operating system SCSI A type of hard drive, which allows up to 8 drives on each channel Shell A software construct to allow separate users and jobs within the same user to have a separate environment to avoid interfering with each other USB Universal serial bus Yellow Dog One of the versions of Linux 3 Starting Debian Linux Use the boot option 2 for the 2.4 kernel and option 3 for the 2.6 kernel, option 4 for the 2.6.8 kernel. -
Computer Architectures an Overview
Computer Architectures An Overview PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sat, 25 Feb 2012 22:35:32 UTC Contents Articles Microarchitecture 1 x86 7 PowerPC 23 IBM POWER 33 MIPS architecture 39 SPARC 57 ARM architecture 65 DEC Alpha 80 AlphaStation 92 AlphaServer 95 Very long instruction word 103 Instruction-level parallelism 107 Explicitly parallel instruction computing 108 References Article Sources and Contributors 111 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 113 Article Licenses License 114 Microarchitecture 1 Microarchitecture In computer engineering, microarchitecture (sometimes abbreviated to µarch or uarch), also called computer organization, is the way a given instruction set architecture (ISA) is implemented on a processor. A given ISA may be implemented with different microarchitectures.[1] Implementations might vary due to different goals of a given design or due to shifts in technology.[2] Computer architecture is the combination of microarchitecture and instruction set design. Relation to instruction set architecture The ISA is roughly the same as the programming model of a processor as seen by an assembly language programmer or compiler writer. The ISA includes the execution model, processor registers, address and data formats among other things. The Intel Core microarchitecture microarchitecture includes the constituent parts of the processor and how these interconnect and interoperate to implement the ISA. The microarchitecture of a machine is usually represented as (more or less detailed) diagrams that describe the interconnections of the various microarchitectural elements of the machine, which may be everything from single gates and registers, to complete arithmetic logic units (ALU)s and even larger elements. -
Efika MX Smarttop Manual
E N G L I S H E S P A Ñ O L F R A N Ç A I S D E U T S C H Congratulations on purchasing an Efika MX Cloud Computer. S U P P O R T For access to software updates, product news and our development blog, please visit www.efikamx.info For technical discussions, developer support and resources, please visit www.powerdeveloper.org Package Contents Before you set up your computer, please ensure that your product package includes the following items. • Efika MX Cloud Computer (Smarttop) • User Manual • AC Adapter & Power Cord First Use Instructions Before you use your Efika MX Cloud Computer for the first time, please read the safety chapter included in this user manual. Software Information The default username and password on the provided OS installation is as follows. Username: oem Password: oem For additional documentation about your operating system, please visit www.efikamx.info Product Overview Power Button 3G SIM Slot USB Ports SD / MMC Card Slot DC-IN HDMI RJ45 Audio Out Mic In (Display) (Ethernet) Product Specifications Processor Freescale i.MX515, 800MHz Memory DDR2 512MB, up to 200MHz Graphics & Video Embedded 2D / 3D AMD Core Module Hardware Video Codec Full HW accelerated HD720 playback Display Modes HDMI (version 1.2a) 720P Memory Card MMC, SD, push / push type, by esdhc Slot (Enhanced Multi-Media Card Secure Digital Host Controller) Storage Device SSD 8G Connectivity Ethernet support (default) WLAN 802.11 b/g/n support (optional) or 3G / UMTS support (optional) LED Status Booting (Blue) Indicator System on (Green) DISK IO (flickering) Interface 1x RJ 45 (10/100M) 1 x Audio jack : Audio out 1 x Mic - In 1x DC - In 2x USB 2.0 ports 1x HDMI port 1x SIM slot (optional with WWAN SKU) 20 pin connector for debugging (optional) Audio 1x Built-in speaker (1.5 W) Power Max power consumption: 15 watt Management Power off: Press 4 times AC adapter Output: 12V DC, 3A, 36W Input : 100~240V AC, 50 - 60Hz universal Dimensions / Size: 160*115mm Weight Height: 20mm Weight 250g Temperature Working: 0°C~+40°C Step-by-Step Setup 1. -
Low-Power High Performance Computing
Low-Power High Performance Computing Panagiotis Kritikakos August 16, 2011 MSc in High Performance Computing The University of Edinburgh Year of Presentation: 2011 Abstract The emerging development of computer systems to be used for HPC require a change in the architecture for processors. New design approaches and technologies need to be embraced by the HPC community for making a case for new approaches in system design for making it possible to be used for Exascale Supercomputers within the next two decades, as well as to reduce the CO2 emissions of supercomputers and scientific clusters, leading to greener computing. Power is listed as one of the most important issues and constraint for future Exascale systems. In this project we build a hybrid cluster, investigating, measuring and evaluating the performance of low-power CPUs, such as Intel Atom and ARM (Marvell 88F6281) against commodity Intel Xeon CPU that can be found within standard HPC and data-center clusters. Three main factors are considered: computational performance and efficiency, power efficiency and porting effort. Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Report organisation . 2 2 Background 3 2.1 RISC versus CISC . 3 2.2 HPC Architectures . 4 2.2.1 System architectures . 4 2.2.2 Memory architectures . 5 2.3 Power issues in modern HPC systems . 9 2.4 Energy and application efficiency . 10 3 Literature review 12 3.1 Green500 . 12 3.2 Supercomputing in Small Spaces (SSS) . 12 3.3 The AppleTV Cluster . 13 3.4 Sony Playstation 3 Cluster . 13 3.5 Microsoft XBox Cluster . 14 3.6 IBM BlueGene/Q . -
Genesi U.S.A., Inc. 200 Patterson Ave
JUST ENOUGH COMPUTING by Johan DAMS Genesi U.S.A., Inc. 200 Patterson Ave. San Antonio, TX 78209 USA Phone: +1 210 829 5500 Fax: +1 210 829 5426 Email: jd@puv.fi URL: http://www.genesippc.com Acknowledgments I would like to take this opportunity to thank Mr. Bill Buck and Ms. Raquel Velasco for the opportunity they have given me to work on several exciting projects, and to have introduced me to some truly wonderful people whom I can now call my friends. I hope we can continue this co-operation and friendship for a long time to come. I especially want to express my gratitude to my fiance´ for putting up with my work schedule, which sometimes seems to take more time than there are hours in a day. Her encouragement and understanding truly keep me going, and without her I would never be where I am now. Abstract ”Why not use an embedded processor as a general purpose solution if the targeted requirements are met by the capability available. First, unlocking opportunity has everything to do with price. Last, you don’t need a rocket ship to travel to the grocery store.” ”This is not about a processor or a ”desktop” solution, it is about developing an interface that works anywhere for many things and many people. The objective is to help people do what they do already, better and more conveniently for less – that ought to be just enough.” Quotes by Mr. Bill Buck, CEO of Genesi. If we look at the educational landscape, we see that many schools, universities and organisations world wide struggle with finding a budget to equip themselves with the needed infrastructure to allow students to experience things we in the Western world often take for granted: Internet ac- cess, infrastructure for programming courses, laboratories for embedded systems and robotics, etc. -
The Pegasos Book « Le Livre Du Pegasos » Compilation of Articles on the Pegasos Volume 4 : Linux, Macosx and Other Systems
The Pegasos book « Le livre du Pegasos » Compilation of articles on the Pegasos Volume 4 : Linux, MacOSX and other systems May 2007 edition - By Geoffrey CHARRA (V2.3) Translated from french by Geoffrey CHARRA (December 2007), With the help of Eric WALTER, Thibault JEANSON, Denis HILLIARD (translation) and Fulvio PERUGGI (corrections) Sponsored by The Pegasos book – Volume 4 : Linux, MacOSX and other systems Contents 1 Linux ......................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Global information ................................................................................................. 4 1.1.1 Linux distributions running on Pegasos ............................................................... 4 1.1.2 General information on Linux usage for beginners ............................................... 5 1.1.3 Hard disk partitioning under Linux on Pegasos .................................................... 5 1.1.4 Multi-boot with bootcreator .............................................................................. 7 1.1.5 Using a Linux System from Another Linux System by Changing root ...................... 8 1.1.6 NFS : Network File System and Remote Compiling .............................................. 8 1.2 Installation of Linux Debian on Pegasos I and II ...................................................... 10 1.2.1 Installation types ........................................................................................... 10 1.2.2 Installation -
PC Hardware Contents
PC Hardware Contents 1 Computer hardware 1 1.1 Von Neumann architecture ...................................... 1 1.2 Sales .................................................. 1 1.3 Different systems ........................................... 2 1.3.1 Personal computer ...................................... 2 1.3.2 Mainframe computer ..................................... 3 1.3.3 Departmental computing ................................... 4 1.3.4 Supercomputer ........................................ 4 1.4 See also ................................................ 4 1.5 References ............................................... 4 1.6 External links ............................................. 4 2 Central processing unit 5 2.1 History ................................................. 5 2.1.1 Transistor and integrated circuit CPUs ............................ 6 2.1.2 Microprocessors ....................................... 7 2.2 Operation ............................................... 8 2.2.1 Fetch ............................................. 8 2.2.2 Decode ............................................ 8 2.2.3 Execute ............................................ 9 2.3 Design and implementation ...................................... 9 2.3.1 Control unit .......................................... 9 2.3.2 Arithmetic logic unit ..................................... 9 2.3.3 Integer range ......................................... 10 2.3.4 Clock rate ........................................... 10 2.3.5 Parallelism ......................................... -
ARM Linux Kernels and Graphics Drivers on Popular "Open" Hardware: Bleeding Edge Vs
SCaLE 13x – Open Source Hardware ARM Linux Kernels and Graphics Drivers on Popular "Open" Hardware: Bleeding Edge vs. Vendor Blobs and Kernel Forks - How Much is in Mainline, and How Open is Open? Prepared / Presented by Stephen Arnold, Principal Scientist VCT Labs Gentoo Linux / OpenEmbedded Developer What is ARM/Embedded? · Small Single Board Computer (SBC) or System on Chip (SoC) · Very resource-constrained · Zaurus 5000-D – 32 MB RAM, StrongARM SA-1100 (DEC/ARM) · Kurobox HG – 128 MB RAM, 256 MB flash, no display (G3, no altivec) · Modern devices blurring the lines between “embedded” and desktop/server-class hardware · Multicore CPUs – 2/4/8 cores · Per-core FPUs - VFP3/VFP4, NEON · Multicore GPUs – 192-core Cuda on Tegra K1 · Accelerated HD video processing · USB3, 10/100/1000 Ethernet, SATA, HDMI ARM Devices and Graphics Hardware · ARMv7 HardFloat VFP/NEON · Wandboard / udoo / cubox-i - iMX.6 quad core, Vivante GPU · Beaglebone black / white - AM335X single core, OMAP3 / SGX GPU, PRUs · Sunxi MK802-II 1GB TV stick - Allwinner A10 single core, Mali GPU · Samsung Chromebook - Exynos5 dual core, Mali GPU · Acer Chromebook / Jetson TK1 – Tegra K1 quad-core, NVDIA Cuda GPU · Genesi SmartBook - Freescale iMX.5 single core, AMD z430 GPU ARM Graphics Hardware cont. · ARMv7 HardFloat VFP (no NEON) · Trimslice Diskless - NVIDIA Tegra 2 dual core CPU/GPU · ARMv6 HardFloat VFP (no NEON) · Raspberry Pi - Broadcom SoC single core, VideoCore IV GPU The State of ARM Graphics · (mostly) Current Vendor Blobs · Cubox-i4Pro (iMX.6) · RaspberryPi (VideoCore IV) · Allwinner (Mali) · ChromeOS K1 (Tegra124) · TI (OMAP/SGX) · Open Source Graphics · Tegra/Nouveau – opentegra/grate, nouveau w/firmware · Broadcom/VideoCore IV – weston/wayland, fbturbo · Mali – lima, fbturbo · OMAP – omapfb, omap3 · Vivante – etna-viv, fbturbo · Adreno – freedreno (2D/3D, xorg) Vendor Kernel Forks · Typically a single (older) kernel branch with lots of patches · Minimal backporting (maybe none) · Forwardporting to new branch can take a long time.. -
Freebsd 10 - Powerful Virtualization Solutions Freebsd 10 - ARM-Ready Freebsd 10 - Modern Hardware Support
FreeBSD 10 - Powerful Virtualization Solutions FreeBSD 10 - ARM-Ready FreeBSD 10 - Modern Hardware Support FreeBSD pioneered operating system-level virtualization FreeBSD continues to improve its support for the ARM New console driver, vt(4), provides multiple virtual terminals with the Jail facility in 2000. This early innovation in family of processors, including support for ARMv6 and with an extensive feature set. It includes support for UTF-8, virtualization forged a path for similar technologies such ARMv7, SMP, and thread-local storage (TLS). double-wide characters, Asian character sets, graphics-mode as Solaris Zones (2005) and Linux Containers/Docker Supported processors include: consoles, and integration with Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) video (2014). drivers for switching between the X Window System and virtual • CHROMEBOOK (Samsung Exynos 5250) FreeBSD 10 includes several virtualization technologies, terminals.* providing users with greater flexibility for provisioning a • COLIBRI (Freescale Vybrid) virtualized solution that matches their workflow. These FreeBSD 10 adds Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) solutions include: • COSMIC (Freescale Vybrid) boot loader support. The root file system may be UFS or ZFS, and the loader supports multiple ZFS boot environments * • The BSD Hypervisor, bhyve(8). This Type-2 hypervisor supports • Genesi Efika MX SmartBook and SmartTop (Freescale a number of guests, including FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD and i.MX515)* The Open Fabrics Enterprise Distribution (OFED) and OFED Infiniband core version provides parity with Linux, including many Linux® distributions. Combining bhyve and ZFS volumes • IMX53-QSB (Freescale i.MX53) enables powerful capabilities in provisioning, snapshotting and Mellanox drivers for 56Gb Infiniband. rolling back virtual machines. • QUARTZ (Freescale Vybrid) The nvme(4) driver provides NVM Express support. -
Bootstrapping the Debian and Ubuntu ARM64 Ports
Bootstrapping the Debian and Ubuntu ARM64 Ports Wookey Linaro 2nd February 2013 Bootstrapping the Debian and Ubuntu ARM64 Ports FOSDEM 2013 1 / 40 Who am I Free Software developer since 1990 Unix sysadmin since 1996 Arm Linux developer since 1999 Debian developer since 2000 Ubuntu development since 2010 Some things I had something to do with: Survex, PsiLinux, ArmLinux book, Emdebian, bootfloppies, Therion, apt-cross, dpkg-cross, Debian cross-toolchains, OpenEmbedded, Netbook Project, LART, YAFFS, Balloonboard, xdeb, multiarch, sbuild Currently an ARM secondee to Linaro Bootstrapping the Debian and Ubuntu ARM64 Ports FOSDEM 2013 2 / 40 Outline 1 Some Armlinux History 2 Why Bootstrapping is a pain 3 How it's done 4 First Bootstrap 5 Debian/Ubuntu Bootstrap 6 Current status Bootstrapping the Debian and Ubuntu ARM64 Ports FOSDEM 2013 3 / 40 Outline 1 Some Armlinux History 2 Why Bootstrapping is a pain 3 How it's done 4 First Bootstrap 5 Debian/Ubuntu Bootstrap 6 Current status Some Armlinux History Bootstrapping the Debian and Ubuntu ARM64 Ports FOSDEM 2013 4 / 40 ARM desktops and servers Rebel Netwinder (2000) Acorn Risc PC (1994) Dell/Calxeda server (2012) Solidrun Cubox (2012) Some Armlinux History Bootstrapping the Debian and Ubuntu ARM64 Ports FOSDEM 2013 5 / 40 ARM laptops Psion Netbook Pro (2003) Toshiba AC100 (2010) Genesi Smartbook (2010) Samsung Chromebook (now) Some Armlinux History Bootstrapping the Debian and Ubuntu ARM64 Ports FOSDEM 2013 6 / 40 Debian ports Name Bits ABI ISA Released arm 32 OABI v3 2000:Potato (discontinued -
Download Issue 14
IssueBiggest Ever! £4.00 Issue 14, Spring 2003 8.00Euro Quake 2 Read our comprehensive review of Hyperions’s latest port. Hollywood Take a seat and enjoy our full review of this exciting new multimedia blockbuster! Contents Features The Show Must Go On! Editorial Welcome to another issue of Candy for SEAL’s Mick Sutton gives us an insight into the production of WoASE. Total Amiga, as you will no-doubt Issue 14 usergroups can afford. To give balance between space for the have noticed this issue is rather ack in the good old days we you an idea a venue capable of punters and giving the exhibitors late, which is a pity as we had Candy Factory is a graphics A built-in character generator had World of Amiga shows holding between 300 and 500 the stand space they require improved our punctuality over OS4 B the last few issues. application designed for allows you to add effects to Spring 2002 put on every year, usually at a people can cost anywhere from (some companies get a real bee high profile site (Wembley) and £500 to £1000 (outside London) in their bonnet about where they Unfortunately the main reason making logos and other text in any font without leaving texture again based on the all well attended. Everybody for a day. are situated). The floorplan goes behind the delay was that the graphics with high quality 3D the program. You can also load Contents wanted to be there and be seen, through many revisions before SCSI controller and PPC on my textured effects quickly and shapes (for example a logo) light source. -
Freescale FAE75 Training Genesi Pegasos II Linuxtraining
Freescale FAE75 Training Genesi Pegasos II LinuxTraining Maurie Ommerman June 10, 2004 Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2004 FAE75 Part 3 Debian Linux Maurie Ommerman June 10, 2004 Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2004 Open Firmware boot script Boot Options Upon PowerUP, this menu is presented Pegasos boot menu 1.MorphOS 2.Debian GNU/Linux 2.4 kernel 3.Debian GNU/Linux 2.6 kernel 4.Yellow Dog Linux 2.4 kernel 5.Return to OF prompt Press 1-5 (default: 3): 25 seconds to choose Error: error while trying to load or boot Slide 3 Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2004 Debian root User •create new users •set up networking •using sound •setting up a printer and printing •surfing the web •instantiating a terminal and learning some commands • mount • others •sizing the desktop •tour of gnome •log off •login as a user •tour of kde Slide 4 Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2004 Debian • Long string of commands and responses on the monitor • Finally, …, a graphics sign on screen • sign on, in gnome mode, as • guest • password: guest Slide 5 Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.