Stormwater Treatment Facilities

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Stormwater Treatment Facilities To find out more about specific Stormwater Pollutants on streets can be washed into storm drains and reach our stormwater facilities on a creeks and Bay, harming the fish, plants, and wildlife that live there. property, contact: City of San José Development Services Treatment You can help keep pollutants out of the storm drain system by adhering (408) 535-3555 to municipal code requirements and properly or visit the Facilities maintaining and operating the stormwater Operation & Maintenance Permit Center Planning Counter treatment facilities on your property. San José City Hall Requirements 200 E. Santa Clara Street – Floor 1 Validated parking available under the City Hall Tower; enter from 6th Street between Santa Clara and San Fernando streets. Rain or irrigation water can pick up motor development projects of a certain size For more information about the oil, pesticides, solvents, litter, and other to incorporate stormwater treatment City of San José’s stormwater pollutants as it flows over rooftops, parking facilities to treat runoff for pollutants before protection programs, visit: lots, roadways, sidewalks, and landscaping. it flows into the storm drain system. As done www.sanjoseca.gov/esd/stormwater Installing stormwater treatment facilities — in other cities, San José inspectors will inspect such as swales, biofilters, or infiltration these facilities to ensure they are operating basins — can help capture and prevent and maintained. pollutants from reaching the storm drain system. Property owners are required by Please review the steps for proper Title 20.95.120 of the San Jose Municipal maintenance in this brochure — and Working together Code to properly maintain and keep in contact your City inspector if you for the greener good good repair all such facilities and devices. have questions at (408) 945-3000. In accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Stormwater Act, City of San José Environmental Services Regulations Department materials can be made available upon Whatever goes down a storm drain . request in alternative formats, such as Braille, large print, The San Francisco Bay audiotape or computer disk. Requests may be made by calling (408) 945-3000 (Voice) or (800) 735-2929 (CRS). Municipal Regional Stormwater National Printed on recycled paper. 0112/Q300/JY/Artisan/cw Biofiltration Basin Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit (Permit) sets Help protect our creeks and Bay forth regulations for Thank you for doing by complying with requirements cities in the Bay Area your part to help protect for swales, biofilters, infiltration to prevent stormwater the water quality of our basins, and other stormwater pollution. The Permit specifically requires creeks and Bay! treatment facilities or devices. can flow into our creeks and the Bay! Maintaining Landscape-Based Maintaining Mechanical (Vault-Based) Stormwater Treatment Facilities Stormwater Treatment Devices Landscape-based stormwater treatment facilities, such as vegetated swales, infiltration Vault-based stormwater treatment devices remove pollutants by basins, and biofilters, remove pollutants in stormwater by filtering runoff through capturing debris and filtering runoff. Common vault-based devices vegetation and soil. They must be properly maintained in order to function. are media filters and hydrodynamic separators. Maintenance activities include Vault-based stormwater treatment devices but are not limited to: are proprietary, meaning that maintenance must be regularly performed by qualified n Maintain vegetation and replace personnel to ensure that these devices dead plants or turf — for guidance function properly. This typically requires on plant selection, see the Santa setting up a maintenance contract with the Clara Valley Urban Runoff Pollution manufacturer or another company qualified Prevention Program Plant List to inspect and make repairs to the device. for Stormwater Measures at Maintenance activities often require the www.scvurppp.org. use of vacuum trucks and the services of n Repair any damage, such as erosion. personnel that have OSHA Confined Space Entry Certification. n Remove sediment accumulation that may result after periods of Bioswale Cover of a media filter device Maintenance activities include heavy rain or irrigation. but are not limited to: n Remove litter and debris regularly. Your responsibilities n Minimize the application of n fertilizers and pesticides; use Schedule maintenance according to the alternatives to toxic pesticides — device manufacturer’s specifications. see www.ourwaterourworld.org n Maintain records of all maintenance for recommended alternatives. and inspection activities. Responsibilities of certified Proper maintenance is essential maintenance worker for these facilities to perform n Remove sediment, trash, or debris. their job in capturing pollutants. n Replace media filters as necessary. n Check for and remove mosquito larvae. Vegetated Swale Cartridges in a media filter device .
Recommended publications
  • Engineered Bioretention Media Literature Review
    Protecting People, Property, and the Environment Engineered Bioretention Media Literature Review Mile High Flood District May 29, 2020 Denver, Colorado Engineered Bioretention Media Literature Review May 29, 2020 Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ 2 List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. 3 List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. 3 Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 5 Objectives ................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Media ...................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Gradation............................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Current Guidance ........................................................................................................... 6 1.1.2 Literature Review General Findings .............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 6 Water Quality
    CHAPTER 6 WATER QUALITY Contents 6.0 BMP SIZING AND SELECTIONS 6-1 6.1 STEP-BY-STEP SELECTION PROCESS FOR TREATMENT FACILITIES 6-1 6.2 OIL CONTROL TREATMENT 6-4 6.2.1 Application on the Project Site 6-4 6.2.2 Performance Goal 6-4 6.2.3 Options 6-4 6.3 PHOSPHORUS TREATMENT MENU 6-5 6.3.1 Performance Goal 6-5 6.3.2 Options 6-5 6.4 ENHANCED TREATMENT MENU 6-5 6.4.1 Performance Goal 6-5 6.4.2 Options 6-6 6.5 BASIC TREATMENT MENU 6-6 6.5.1 Performance Goal 6-6 6.5.2 Options 6-6 6.6 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STORMWATER FACILITIES 6-7 6.6.1 Off-Line vs. On-Line Facilities 6-7 6.6.2 Flows Requiring Treatment 6-7 6.6.3 Sequence of Facilities 6-8 6.6.4 Facility Liners 6-9 6.6.5 Hydraulic Structures 6-12 6.7 PRETREATMENT 6-12 6.7.1 Purpose 6-12 6.7.2 Best Management Practices (BMPs) for Pretreatment 6-13 6.7.3 Presettling Basin BMP 6.01 6-13 6.7.4 Presettling Vault BMP 6.02 6-13 i 6.8 INFILTRATION AND BIO-INFILTRATION TREATMENT FACILITIES 6-14 6.8.1 Purpose 6-14 6.8.2 Bio-Infiltration Swale BMP 6.13 6-14 6.9 FILTER MEDIA TREATMENT FACILITIES 6-15 6.9.1 Purpose 6-15 6.9.2 Sand Filters 6-16 6.9.3 Sand Filter Vault 6-20 6.9.4 Linear Sand Filters 6-21 6.9.5 StormFilter 6-22 6.9.6 Media Filter Drain 6-24 6.9.7 Bioretention Filter 6-24 6.10 BIOFILTRATION TREATMENT FACILITIES 6-24 6.10.1 Basic Filter Strip BMP 6.31 6-25 6.10.2 Narrow Area Filter Strip BMP 6.32 6-26 6.11 WETPOOL FACILITIES 6-27 6.11.1 Wetponds BMP 6.41 6-27 6.11.2 Wetvaults BMP 6.42 6-41 6.11.3 Stormwater Treatment Wetlands BMP 6-46 6.11.4 Combined Detention and Wetpool Facilities 6-50 6.11.5
    [Show full text]
  • Stormwater Pollution Treatment BMP Discharge Structures Miles F
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Nebraska Department of Transportation Research Nebraska LTAP Reports 3-2014 Stormwater Pollution Treatment BMP Discharge Structures Miles F. Simmons University of Nebraska - Lincoln David M. Admiraal University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ndor Part of the Transportation Engineering Commons Simmons, Miles F. and Admiraal, David M., "Stormwater Pollution Treatment BMP Discharge Structures" (2014). Nebraska Department of Transportation Research Reports. 100. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ndor/100 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Nebraska LTAP at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nebraska Department of Transportation Research Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. NDOR Research Project Number M304 Transportation Research Studies STORMWATER POLLUTION TREATMENT BMP DISCHARGE STRUCTURES Miles F. Simmons and David M. Admiraal University of Nebraska – Lincoln N113 Scott Engineering Center Lincoln, NE 68588-6105 Telephone (402) 472-8568 FAX (402) 472-8934 Sponsored by The Nebraska Department of Roads 1500 Nebraska Highway 2 Lincoln, Nebraska 68509-4567 Telephone (402) 479-4337 FAX (402) 479-3975 March 2014 Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. M304 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date March 2014 Stormwater Pollution Treatment BMP Discharge Structures 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author/s 8. Performing Organization Report No. Miles F. Simmons and David M. Admiraal 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Department of Civil Engineering University of Nebraska – Lincoln 11.
    [Show full text]
  • Stormwater Filter Inspection and Maintenance Specs
    Stormwater Filter Inspection and Maintenance Specs Table of Contents 1. StormFilter Inspection and Maintenance Procedures 2. Vortech 3. Filterra Bioretention Systems 4. Modular Wetlands 5. Baysaver Technologies 6. AquaShield Treatment Solutions ENGINEERED SOLUTIONS StormFilter Inspection and Maintenance Procedures Maintenance Guidelines In addition to these two activities, it is important to check the condition of the StormFilter unit after major storms for The primary purpose of the Stormwater Management potential damage caused by high flows and for high sediment StormFilter® is to filter and prevent pollutants from entering our accumulation that may be caused by localized erosion in the waterways. Like any effective filtration system, periodically these drainage area. It may be necessary to adjust the inspection/ pollutants must be removed to restore the StormFilter to its full maintenance schedule depending on the actual operating efficiency and effectiveness. conditions encountered by the system. In general, inspection Maintenance requirements and frequency are dependent on the activities can be conducted at any time, and maintenance should pollutant load characteristics of each site. Maintenance activities occur, if warranted, during dryer months in late summer to early may be required in the event of a chemical spill or due to fall. excessive sediment loading from site erosion or extreme storms. It is a good practice to inspect the system after major storm events. Maintenance Frequency The primary factor for determining frequency of maintenance for Maintenance Procedures the StormFilter is sediment loading. Although there are many effective maintenance options, we A properly functioning system will remove solids from water by believe the following procedure to be efficient, using common trapping particulates in the porous structure of the filter media equipment and existing maintenance protocols.
    [Show full text]
  • Recirculating Media Filter
    INNOVATIVE ONSITE SEWAGE TREATMENT SYSTEMS Recirculating Media Filter Sara Heger Christopherson, Extension Educator, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering David M. Gustafson, Extension Educator, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering James L. Anderson, Professor, Department of Soil, Water, and Climate recirculating media filter (RMF) pretreats septic tank Aeffluent by filtering it through a medium of coarse sand gravel, peat, or textile before sending it to the soil treatment system. Sand is the most reliable and widely used medium. RMFs have been used since the 1970s in communities with flows of more than 5,000 gpd (gallons per day), but use for small flow application (less than 1200 gpd) has been growing. RMFs are an attractive alternative because they require less land and can handle higher strength waste. A recirculation system has an advantage in areas where nitrogen contamination is a problem. As wastewater moves through the filter and becomes oxygenated, ammonia is transformed into nitrate. In the recirculation tank, conditions are anoxic (low in dissolved oxygen) and bacteria break Figure 1. Installation at a home near Brainerd, Minnesota down nitrates and releases N back to the atmosphere, a process called denitrification. Because of the large media size, RMFs do not remove fecal coliform as effectively as single-pass sand and peat filters. Recirculating Media Filters Application Since wastewater leaving an RMF is a high-quality effluent, the soil in the trench or mound soil treatment system may be better able to accept it, and the system should last longer. Researchers are looking into whether soil treatment systems receiving pretreated wastewater could be downsized to reduce the total area required.
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Basis for High Flow Rate Treatment in the Filterra
    WHITE PAPER Filterra® Bioretention Systems: Technical Basis for High Flow Rate Treatment and Evaluation of Stormwater Quality Performance Prepared for Contech Engineered Solutions, LLC 9025 Centre Pointe Drive West Chester, OH 45069 Telephone: 1-800-338-1122 Prepared by John Lenth and Rebecca Dugopolski Herrera Environmental Consultants 2200 Sixth Avenue, Suite 1100 Seattle, Washington 98121 Telephone: 206.441.9080 Marcus Quigley, Aaron Poresky, and Marc Leisenring Geosyntec Consultants 1330 Beacon Street, Suite 317 Brookline, Massachusetts 02446 Telephone: 617.734.4436 September 20, 2010 Filterra® Bioretention Systems: Technical Basis for High Flow Rate Treatment and Evaluation of Stormwater Quality Performance Abstract Media flow rate is one of many variables that influence the performance of bioretention systems. While conventional thinking is that bioretention systems with lower media flow rates provide better pollutant removal, a review of scientific principles and monitoring data suggests otherwise. Based on a review of scientific principles, the Filterra® Bioretention Stormwater Treatment System is expected to be capable of achieving pollutant removal efficiencies and system longevity on par with conventional slow flow rate bioretention systems. A review of monitoring data demonstrates that Filterra® systems are capable of achieving higher pollutant removal efficiency ratios and lower effluent concentrations, on average, compared to similar categories of non-proprietary stormwater treatment best managements practices (BMPs). In
    [Show full text]
  • Infiltration Basins: Standards and Procedures to Ensure Performance
    TRS 1801 February 2018 Infiltration Basins: Standards and Procedures to Ensure Performance Prepared by CTC & Associates LLC Infiltration basins have been a common means of stormwater management across the United States, as well as internationally, for more than three decades. A large constructed soil basin—up to 50 acres in area—with a complex permeable base and engineered pretreatment inflow and sides is designed to allow stormwater to infiltrate into the soil within 72 hours of inundation. When planned, designed and constructed correctly, infiltration basins can function effectively for 15 years or longer. Unfortunately, a high percentage of infiltration basins fail well in advance of their planned service life. It is a widespread problem that has been addressed with standards, guidelines, manuals and definitive regulations over many decades. Yet, the high failure rate of infiltration basins persists. MnDOT’s Office of Environmental Stewardship sought to learn the best practices that other state agencies employ to mitigate infiltration basin failure and make corrections when failure occurs. This Transportation Research Synthesis presents findings from a literature search for relevant practices of other state agencies for the planning, design and construction of infiltration basins along with guidance from national organizations. It also investigated nongovernmental and international sources and research. There is a significant amount of literature on this subject. Standards and procedures appear to be clear and accepted, but essential preconstruction evaluations and procedures are not always followed. A survey of selected state departments of transportation sought further information concerning standards and procedures that agencies employ to construct effective infiltration basins, as well as their solutions to common challenges that arise in infiltration basin construction.
    [Show full text]
  • Sand Filter T-6
    Sand Filter T-6 Description A sand filter is a filtering or infiltrating BMP that consists of a surcharge zone underlain by a sand bed with an underdrain system (when necessary). During a storm, accumulated runoff collects in the surcharge zone and gradually infiltrates into the underlying sand bed, filling the void spaces of the sand. The underdrain gradually dewaters the sand bed and discharges the runoff to a nearby channel, swale, or storm sewer. It is similar to a BMP designed for bioretention in that it utilizes filtering, but differs in that it is not specifically designed for vegetative growth. For this reason, it can have a greater depth and be Photograph SF-1. The vegetation on the surface of the filter and the designed for a larger contributing area. A shallow design depth of this sand filter, help the BMP blend into its sand filter is also similar to an extended surroundings. Photo courtesy of Fred Bromberger. detention basin (EDB) in that it is a dry basin, which can be easily designed to include the flood control volume above the WQCV or Sand/Media Filter EURV. However, a sand filter does not require a forebay or micropool because the solids that would be deposited in these components in an EDB will be retained on the surface of the sand Functions bed in a sand filter. Sand filters can be vegetated with species LID/Volume Red. Yes that will tolerate both wet and dry conditions and occasional WQCV Capture Yes inundation. The rain garden growing media is recommended for sand filters where vegetation is desired.
    [Show full text]
  • Media Specification for Stormwater Bioretention Devices
    Media Specification for Stormwater Bioretention Devices April 2013 Technical Report: 2013/011 Media Specification for Stormwater Bioretention Devices April 2013 Technical Report 2013/011 Auckland Council Technical Report 2013/011 ISSN 2230-4525 (Print) ISSN 2230-4533 (Online) ISBN 978-1-927216-79-8 (Print) ISBN 978-1-927216-80-4 (PDF) Note: This report have been peer reviewed by the Peer Review Panel using the Panel’s terms of reference. This report has been peer reviewed by the Peer Review Panel using the Panel’s terms of reference. Reviewed for Auckland Council by Name: Sam Blackbourn Position: Stormwater Technical Specialist Date: 19/04/2013 Approved for Auckland Council publication by Name: Judy-Ann Ansen Position: Manager of Stormwater Technical Services Date: 19/04/2013 Recommended citation: Fassman, EA, Simcock, R, Wang, S, (2013). Media specification for stormwater bioretention devices, Prepared by Auckland UniServices for Auckland Council. Auckland Council technical report, TR2013/011 © 2013 Auckland Council This publication is provided strictly subject to Auckland Council’s copyright and other intellectual property rights (if any) in the publication. Users of the publication may only access, reproduce and use the publication, in a secure digital medium or hard copy, for responsible genuine non-commercial purposes relating to personal, public service or educational purposes, provided that the publication is only ever accurately reproduced and proper attribution of its source, publication date and authorship is attached to any
    [Show full text]
  • Design of Stormwater Filtering Systems
    Design of Stormwater Filtering Systems Prepared by Richard A. Claytor and Thomas R. Schueler The Center for Watershed Protection 8391 Main Street Ellicott City, MD 21043 (410) 461-8323 Prepared for Chesapeake Research Consortium, Inc. P.O. Box 1280 Solomons, MD 20688 (410) 326-6700 with supplemental funding by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5 The contents do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Chesapeake Research Consortium, Inc. or the Environmental Protection Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. December 1996 Printed on Recycled Paper Abstract: Title: Design of Stormwater Filtering Systems Date: December, 1996 Authors: Richard A. Claytor and Thomas R. Schueler Center for Watershed Protection Publisher: Published under a cooperative agreement with the Chesapeake Research Consortium with supplemental funding by Region 5 of the Environmental Protection Agency by the Center for Watershed Protection. The Center for Watershed Protection is a non-profit organization dedicated to the protection, restoration, and stewardship of our nation’s water resources and watersheds through sensitive management of the land. The Center promotes the advancement of innovative and effective land and water management techniques, and serves as a forum for planners, engineers, landscape architects, and municipal officials engaged in watershed protection. Abstract: The project is oriented to create a unified design manual for stormwater filtering systems to remove pollutants from urban runoff generated at smaller sites within the Chesapeake Bay watershed. The primary audience for the manual are engineers, planners and landscape architects at the local or state level that need to comply with stormwater regulations in urban or suburban areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Filtering Practices
    VA DCR STORMWATER DESIGN SPECIFICATION NO. 12 FILTERING PRACTICES VIRGINIA DCR STORMWATER DESIGN SPECIFICATION No. 12 FILTERING PRACTICES VERSION 1.8 March 1, 2011 SECTION 1: DESCRIPTION Stormwater filters are a useful practice to treat stormwater runoff from small, highly impervious sites. Stormwater filters capture, temporarily store, and treat stormwater runoff by passing it through an engineered filter media, collecting the filtered water in an underdrain, and then returning it back to the storm drainage system. The filter consists of two chambers: the first is devoted to settling, and the second serves as a filter bed consisting of a sand or organic filter media. Stormwater filters are a versatile option because they consume very little surface land and have few site restrictions. They provide moderate pollutant removal performance at small sites where space is limited,. However, sand filters have limited or no runoff volume reduction capability, so designers should consider using up-gradient runoff reduction practices, which have the effect of decreasing the Treatment Volume (and size) of the filtering practices. Filtering practices are also suitable to provide special treatment at a designated stormwater hotspots. For a list of potential stormwater hotspots that merit treatment by filtering practices, consult the Stormwater Design Specification No. 8 (Infiltration). Stormwater filters depend mainly on physical treatment mechanisms to remove pollutants from stormwater runoff, including gravitational settling in the sedimentation chamber, straining at the Version 1.8, March 1, 2011 Page 1 of 16 VA DCR STORMWATER DESIGN SPECIFICATION NO. 12 FILTERING PRACTICES top of the filter bed, and filtration and adsorption onto the filter media.
    [Show full text]
  • Drainage Facility Cleaning Contractors (PDF), Also Found At
    Snohomish County Drainage Manual Volume VI Stormwater Facility Maintenance July 2020 Ecology Review DRAFT Snohomish County Drainage Manual Volume IV - Stormwater Facility Maintenance i Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................1 Common Components 1. Catch Basins ............................................................................................................................................................5 2. Conveyance Storm Pipes ..................................................................................................................................... 11 3. Debris Barriers (e.g., Trash Racks) ....................................................................................................................... 13 4. Control Structure/Flow Restrictors ..................................................................................................................... 17 5. Facility Discharge Points ...................................................................................................................................... 24 6. Energy Dissipaters and Outfall Systems .............................................................................................................. 26 Stormwater Flow Control Facilities 7. Detention Ponds .................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]