A Manor Book of Ottery St. Mary

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A M AN O R BO O K O F OTT ERY SAI NT M ARY

EDI TED BY CATH ERINE DURNI NG WH ETH AM

AND

M ARGARET H ER DAU G HTER

W ITH A N OTE ON TH E H I STORY OF THE DEPENDENT MANOR OF CADHAY

W W F R S E M . . . D . . c . H THA ,

S G R E E N A N D CO . L O N G M A N , ,

N ER ROW L N N 39 PATER OST , O DO K B MBAY AND CALCUTTA NEW YOR , O ,

All right: ” served

P R EFA C E

T HE n atural way to le arn history is n o t to pore over n m n a - i troductory pri ers or ge er l text books , but to study r r Of a am iar n r r n r the eco ds f il cou t yside o tow , whethe they be written o n vellum an d kept i n the m un im en t

e u a an d n am a ch sts of ch rch , h ll , cou cil ch ber , or be tr ced in an d n an d a a furrow fe ce , cob th tch , bricks n d m ortar

a a over the f ce of the l n d . This little book con t ain s the result of a series of

m n i n a . m a a schoolroo lesso s loc l history , de possible by fortun ate com bin ation Of the requisite m aterial within ’ t the ran ge of a day s journ eyin g . I deals prim arily with the survey of a m an or m ade by an in dustrious

a i n n n n an d m a n stew rd the seve tee th ce tury , kes o

n a c l e e f prete ce to give o m p t history . The di ﬁculty of un derstan din g the con ditio n of even a sm all portion of a coun ty duri n g a selected cen tury Without referen ce to even ts occurri n g over a m uch l arger exten t of tim e an d space led step by step to the puttin g together of

n a i n a m the i troductory ch pter , which the p rt ight be seen to take its place i n the larger dram a of n ation al O m n . B u t a Ma develop e t full history of ttery St ry,

s n D n m a n a in deed of the whole cou ty of evo , yet re i s

n an d i n a an to be writte , th t history , the subst ce of the presen t study will be but an episode . I t m ay be said that the writin g of history has n o w A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY becom e so m uch an affair of experts that it is rash fo r the un skilled han d to trespass o n the con ﬁn es of their

n But n n n o n m an dom ai . the ki dly i terest show y sides suggested that frien ds an d n eighbours m ight like to

i n f i Of a a n m m sh are the ru ts quiet explor tio , while the e ory of m an y pleasan t hours m akes it n atural to hope that

a n o nn n O St Ma others , who h ve co ectio with ttery ry , m ay be in spired to con sider an d take n ote of the eviden ces from which they also can put together for them selves the story of som e fam iliar fragm en t of our social an d econ om ic structure . We desire to express our gratitude to the Lord of the O a Ho n . n a . n . M or of ttery St M ry , the Rt Sir Joh H K M en n awa C. B . an d a r n y , , to his Stew rd , Joh Kenn a wa i n a n a ﬁ y , for their courtesy llowi g us ccess to the n e series of records i n their custody . We wish also to G an . . a n am th k Mr T L psley, of Tri ity College , C bridge ,

’ a d . a n n H . am Cam Mr J Cl ph , of Ki g s College , bridge , a n m an n an d n for their re dy respo se to y questio s i quiries ,

n H B . B a n a d . a d n a Mr W . ird for dvice e cour gem en t , m ost valuable i n that they cam e from o n e who has m ade a - Of En M E a life study glish records . iss liz beth Stokes ,

an an h as of Ch cery L e , helped us by con sultin g an d tran scribin g various docum en ts i n the Record Ofﬁ ce an d

B M m an d C n ritish useu , Miss hristi e Elliott h as given

n an a an at a n a co st t ssist ce every st ge of our u dert ki ng .

CADHAY OTTERY S r MA , RY ,

tem S ep ber 1 9 1 3. PART I

I NTRODUCTORY CHAPTER S ECTI O N PAG E

To o r h I . p g ap y 3 Th e B egi nni ngs o f th e S e ttle m e nt The Origin o f th e Mano r Th e Te n-ants o f th e Mano r Th e So k em e n The Vi ll e ins Th e Co tt a rs Th e S e rfs Th e Lo rd Th e Co u rts o f th e Manor Th e Com m o n Fi e lds I nh eri tance an d S u c c essio n Th e F arm Syste m Th e Mano r o f Ottery St Mary Early H is to ry o f th e Mano r J o h n d er Gran d i sso n

Th e N e w tt m n S e le e t.

Th e L te H ist r o f L d Te u re i n E d VI I I . a r o y an n nglan The Manor o f Ott ery S t Mary i n th e S e ve ntee nth Ce ntu ry Th e Mo d e rn D eve lopm e nts T H E MAN O R O F O TTERY ST M A RY

THE an O Ma a i n Ea n M or of ttery St ry is situ ted st Devo , the p arish church bein g about eleven m iles e ast of Exeter an d six an d a h alf m iles n orth Of h To po grap y . sea at a a B a a the L dr m y . The gre test

n n n n m n - a - a le gth , ru i g fro orth e st to south west , is bout

an d a a m a m s n four h lf iles , the width bout ﬁve ile a d a a n a a a a h lf . The pri cip l geogr phic l fe ture is the River

O i i n a i n B a n tter , wh ch r ses e r Otterford , the l ckdow

H s a n n n an d ill , p sses close to the little tow of Ho ito ,

m n a at n n B a n a ai n co es i to the p rish Fe y ridges , le vi g it g

n n a n s e a a a m a at Tipto St Joh , to f ll i to the bout ile e st

B a n a a a n Of udleigh S lterto , fter tot l course of eightee or

n a a a twen ty m iles . Duri g its p ss ge through the p rish , which it divides with con siderable accuracy in to two

a O n a a equal p rts , the tter receives its pri cip l tribut ry ,

a a a - am n m the T le , f ir sized stre risi g six or eight iles

a away am on g the hills roun d B roadhem bury . The T le

a at Cl a e rn tal e or Tal e water en ters the p rish of Ottery p ,

E i n a n o w the hom e farm of scot House , the p rish of

n as n Tal efo rd an d a Talaton ; the ce , p si g through cross

h a a n the bottom of the Cad y est te , it joi s the Otter below half a m a the weir above Cadhay bridge , ile bove the 4 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY sr MARY

’ n Ottery m ill an d the St S avi our s bridge . At freque t in tervals throughout its course other sm aller stre am s join the Otter from the hills ides . Both the Otter an d the Tale are subject to frequen t an d a n n a a a n a r pid ﬂoodi g , owi g to the ch r cter of the r i f ll Of the district an d to the hilly n ature of the c atchm en t a a ﬁ n d i n a a n n n re . Thus we the e rly ye rs of the i etee th cen tury th at Cadh ay an d Fen iton bridges were washed

’ a a i n 1 8 0 8 G i n 1 82 an d a w y , osford bridge 4 , St S viour s

i 1 8 O Of n a bridge n 49 . The bed of the tter is co sider ble width i n places l arge qu an tities of pebbles an d shin gle are an d an are a n m n exposed , the b ks li ble to be u der i ed

a Of a n m a by the r pid ﬂow the w ters , while the or l course of the stre am appe ars to shift from side to side of the

i n m a o n valley n the sequen ce of ce turies . The e dows

an are Of a m a s n a n either h d r hy ture , overgrow with

s an d a a n n m a n a n rushe , require c reful dr i i g to i t i their

a econ om ic v lue .

On a an d a s m n a i n the e st west , the p ri h ter i tes high

n o n m a n n a grou d , which survives the re i i g w ste of the

G a s a n m an an . M or eologic lly pe ki g , these hills for

n n Of a n m a exte sio the Bl ckdow group , fro which they h ve been sep ar ated by the form ation of the river valleys .

m n a a a Fro the river , the grou d slopes gr du lly upw rds to

as m an d n m a the e t for two or three iles , the rises so ewh t a a a Of n a bruptly , through belt of trees , to height e rly

- Th E eight hun dred feet above the s e a level . e ast Hill

a a n an n n a a —a an is still to l rge exte t u e closed re s dy ,

a a an n ﬂi n ts a pe ty t blel d , strew with , clothed with he th ,

n an d n ﬁ n e m a O a n fer , furze , whe ce views y be bt i ed over

se a P an B an d a P n as as the to ortl d ill St rt oi t , well to

D artm oor i n the south - west an d Exm oor o n the n orthern A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 5

F — horizon . rom the n orth eastern poin t of East Hill ,

a n H n n n m f ci g o ito , to the souther extre ity , the ridge run s straight i n a south - westerly direction for four m iles an d a a H a a h lf to Core ill , bove the Sid v lley .

a a H are m a The ch r cteristics of the West ill less rked .

n m a a a a n n The grou d rises ore gr du lly , tt i i g its gre atest altitude of just over ﬁve hun dred feet o n the boun dary of the parish . He ath an d Scots ﬁr are the prevailin g

m a n o n a for of veget tio its w ste spaces . From an e arly period the p arish was crossed by the two m ain ro ads con n ectin g Exeter with the Midlan ds an d e ast of En gl an d . They fork from a ﬁrst com m on

n a n n m m E a sectio bout i e iles fro xeter , bove Strete

R a . n an wa leigh The souther br ch , which goes by y of m R an d D O Colyford , Ly e egis , orchester , crosses the tter

’ at n av m n the tow bridge of St S iour s , beco i g the m ain

f n I t O e . m n n street , Mill Street , the tow of Ott ry ou ts O

Ea H wa Chi n ewa as m to st ill by y of y , or , it is so etim es

wa n i n Che n e . an writte the records , y y The other br ch ,

n n o n n n keepi g to the orth lower grou d , ru s through

a m an d F n n B H n n n F ir ile e y ridges to o ito , whe ce it m n B a n H an d ou ts the l ckdow ills , pursues its course

I a B a through I lm in ster an d lchester tow rds th . L ater

a at an m a n a s ru n a a ro ds , right gles to the i ro d , p r llel

n o n n n n to the river ba ks either side , co ecti g the h am lets which have grown up at poin ts determ in ed chieﬂy by the possibility of gettin g a s atisfactory water- supply from the stream s that h ave scooped out

at n n the sm aller l ateral valleys . A bridge Tipto St Joh an d bridges at Gosford an d Cadh ay give three other con n ection s between the houses situated o n the opposite ban ks of the river . 6 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

n Man a an d a n The bou ds of the or , p rish , l ter hu dred

are n were ﬁxed an d s et down i n S axon days . They give i n a l ate sixteen th or seven teen th cen tury m an uscript

1 I t a as preserved at the British Museum . re ds follows

A N ote of the B o u n ds of Ottery S t M m y

From Stre atgate by the highwaye to Te l e fo rde als Tal e fo rde an d from then ce n orth by the ryv er to Blin de

P ll an d m n De n b o rro w n H a y fro the ce to , the ce to e th feilde m als : m a : n m an a s n ere rte the to O ke , the to

Stre at o o le n L an sco re an n B ro un do n p , the to l e the to m idward then to Bl ack b o rro w then to H alen path then to Ro ddo n sh o we then south alon ge the down e to P ym s Hedge : then to P aye sgro v e al s Pym s garden ; then to Derry Swi n sh e d ; then to lessen down e south ward : then to Che ti sho lt southward ; then to Ottery brooke cliffe then to P o u n dfo uld then to Ru thre n el forde westward : then to Ry age path : then to Apple dore stocke : then to Sto n ifo rde : then to Ren n ey thorn es : then we sttwarde to Fi sh ern e Stre ete : then n orth to H are path : an d then about 7 0 perches east

a an d n a r a w rds so orthward to Stre atgate fo s ye d .

I t i s n o t difﬁ cult to im agin e som ethin g Of the origin al con dition of the coun try when our atten tion h as on ce

n a n . a bee dr w to the subject He th , gorse , Th e B e gin n i n gs o f th e an d scrub m ust h ave ﬂourished o n the ﬂat

S e ttle m ent . Of s s an d n tops the hill , tree u dergrowth

a an d a an Of s am an d prob bly clothed the slopes , t gle w p

n m arshy thicket co ce aled the course Of the stream s .

1 Th is um t i s m r r i 8 8 2 8 . t MS S . 2 o e c e s e Add . v l on a n any p ap la ng to Otte ry S t Mary . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 7

n a n was n as a n Accordi gly , cultiv tio o ly possible cle ri g

an d a a a n proceeded , the ﬁrst settled gricultur l popul tio prob ably est ablished them selves i n sm all colon ies o n a r n n a n p tches of isi g grou d m o g the foothills . The ﬁrst spaces to be reclaim ed aroun d their h abitation s bec am e

m m n m m n i n a the co o ﬁelds of the co u ity , which e ch household held o n e or m ore allotted strips ; while their few dom estic an im als grazed durin g the d ay o n the

s Of m a an d n at out kirts the pri ev l thickets , retur ed

m a n an a n ight to the little h am let . Fro such poi t of v t ge the work of recl am ation woul d proceed slowly . More lan d would be cleared an d fen ced ; watercourses would be con ﬁn ed within recogn i zed ch an n els ; n ew cen tres of population would est ablish them selves wi thin a ran ge

a n an d m a n an d th t perm itted i tercourse utu l protectio , the ori gi n al settlem en t itself would grow i n n um bers an d

O a n a a n n n n r . r ai ter itory g , sep r te i depe de t colo ies , ﬁn din g them selves brought in to con t act by expan sion

an f m m n a n n an d im proved m e s O co u ic tio , could u ite to form larger an d m ore powerful association s of co operatin g households . A study o f the ﬁ eld-m ap of Ottery St M ary still shows

I n an till som ethin g of this soci al structure . the Midl ds ,

n a a m an m an the n in eteen th ce tury , the r ble ﬁelds of y ors

i n m m n an d a in an d parishes were held co o , cultiv ted t a u n fen ced strips by the differen t occupiers ; but a n e arly period ch an ges i n econ om ic con dition s an d in m ethods Of agriculture m ade it proﬁtable i n the south

n d west Of En gl an d to en close the old com m on ﬁelds a

wn . to div ide them perm an en tly am on g the several o ers n N r i n a r , eve theless , spite of the l pse of ce tu ies we still

Of O n see roun d the little town ttery, evide ces of the , 8 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY a an a - an d n n a n cre d h lf acre strips , by oti g their situ tio

n i n m a o n n an d their groupi g , either the p or the grou d

are a a n Old itself , we ble to tr ce the positio of the

m i a i n am a com m on ﬁelds Si l rly , the h lets sc ttered

a c an a n a n throughout the p rish , we occ sio lly ide tify the

m m n a strips of the co o ﬁelds , which were prob bly the

M as a n a n . ﬁrst ce tre of cultiv tio oreover , we sh ll show a o n n am n O n l ter , the es of the e closures will fte help

n us i n our work of exploratio . The S axon s seem to h ave spread them selves to Devon shire m ore by a series Of peaceful pen etration s than by a n 1 an d m a n o n cts of co quest , ust h ve settled dow term s Of m utual toleration side by side with the m e n of m British r ace they foun d there . So e sort of class distin ction s m ay h ave arisen for a while between the two a as a a n n r ces , such g i occurred duri g the ﬁrst two or three hun dred years after the Norm an Con quest an d i n n n m a such disti ctio s we y , if we like , see the origin of those differen t cl asses of cultivators of the soil which

Ea a we sh all en coun ter here after . ch tr ct of territory th at was added to the re alm of the S axon kin g p aid a

n n a m a ﬁxed co tributio to the roy l exchequer , esti ted i n

a an d an s O f an a n sh res or hides ; gr t l d of v ryi g size , s a a n a a a uit ble for cultiv tio or lre dy cultiv ted , were

as n a a n booked or sig ed by ch rter to v rious ow ers , who

s n a m n were re po sible for the p y e t of the dues , for

a a an d proﬁt ble till ge , for the good order of the i n a an m n n an h bit ts , with the pro pt re deri g of y custom ary

n . n a a n services to the Crow The g i , these lesser booked lan ds or b o cl an ds — som e probably n o t exceedin g thirty

— h acres or so were grouped in to l arger areas roun d a

1 Vi cto ri a Co un t H i s to ri es : D evo n v o y , l . i . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 9

1 ’ n a a m a a ce tr l h ll or lord s ho este d , with e rlier settled r m m n an d n a a a r f ee co u ities tow ships lso tt ched the eto ,

m n m a a an thus si plifyi g the ilit ry , judici l , d adm ini s trativ e an a n Of n an d n org iz tio the cou try , form i g the

am m an an d a r rk r r , k n f ewo ﬁ st of the o s t e collectively , of the coun ty hun dred .

S in a n a n was n an d n uch , bro d ge er l outli e , the origi ki d of di sposition of m e n an d m ateri al out of which arose the

a u n n soci l struct re of our prese t cou tryside . But the

m n a n an d a n settle e t of the district , its cle ri g cultiv tio ,

1 ’ A m o st inte resti ng sp ec im e n o f an anci ent h all o r th egn s - — dwe lling place po ssibly u niqu e in East D evo n— e xisted behin d th e o ld Vi carage h o u se i n th e adj o ining parish o f Payh em bury u til th e s i o f 1 1 wh e i t was d e stro ed u sur e ed an d n pr ng 9 3, n y , n v y u eco d e d u d e th e u s ic es o f th e e cc e si s i c h nr r , n r a p l a t al aut o riti e s o f th Th e e r i es t o f th e e dio ce se . a l p art building co nsi sted o f th e h a l ch am e a o u t 2 e et i n e th 1 fe et i n e d h l , a b r b 5 f l ng by 5 br a t . A fram ewo k o f o u irs O f s id o ak tim e rs h ew o m e e r f r pa ol b , n fr tr s o f sui a e sh e s u rte d th e w l s an d ro o wh i e th e i te t bl ap , ppo al f , l n r v en in w ﬁ e d w ith w n A m e g spaces ere ll attle a d d aub . s all r a artm e t a s o co struct e d o f tim e su o rts an d w tt e h ad p n , l n b r pp a l ,

ee dde d at the so u th e n d s o o fte r th e o ri i a ui di . b n a , n a g n l b l ng An e xtensio n o f ano th er c o u ple o f ro o m s h ad tak en p lac e at so m e Th e o ak ti m e s o f th e m ewo k an d th e o u h s later peri o d . b r fra r b g o f ash Oo i ce u se d fo r th e w tt e w e e i n e c e e c o di io pp , a l , r x ll nt n t n , es e ti e o erti es o f th e c d beari ng wi tnes s t o th e pr rva v pr p lay aub . Th ﬁ n e m e diae a s o e i o o u tai -h e d th ro u h wh i ch e v l t n l n f n n a , g an su o f w er e ch e d th e h o m e ste ad was sti to b e u nfailing pply at r a , ll se e n i n J uly 1 9 1 3— th e o nly su rvivi ng trac e o f th e m o st ancient Th e ea i est rt o f th e ui di s o part Of th e se ttlem e nt . rl p a b l ng pr b d e d east fro m th e tw e lfth o r th irt e e th c e tur ably at at l n n y , an d had lo ng been u se d to p ro vid e o u th o us e s to th e m o re m o de rn Vi ca a e h o use i sel d ti ro m th e ﬁ te e th an d six e e h r g , t f a ng f f n t nt Th e who e e is d e o f th e o i e atio o f hi s e ic o f ce nturi es . l p o bl t r n t r l early days i s a lam e ntable i ll u stration bo th o f th e general lack o f i nterest in lo cal hi sto ry an d o f th e i nco m pe tence o r negligence h n act o f o f tho se dire ctly re sponsible fo r au th orising suc a destructio n . 1 0 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY w as a an d m an n a h ad very slow process , y hu dred ye rs to el apse before the l an d assum ed the appe aran ce with which we are n o w fam ili ar .

O n n n n n a At the pe i g of the thirtee th ce tury , e rly the

n n Of whole of Devo shire , with the exceptio the boroughs , was s e t a a s an d a an still side for roy l port , the cultiv ted l ds

” 1 a n s i n m a s were but cle ri g the idst of fore t , through

a as an d which wild be sts , such wolves , deer , herds of

n am at H a a an d swi e , ro ed will . edges or h yes , stock des , fen ces of every des cription were required to protect the slen der resources Of thes e e arliest husban dm en from the m ar audin g foes by which they were surroun ded ; an d a a m n a m a a lthough , by p y e t of s ll due , the c ttle were allowed to tresp ass o n the outskirts of the forests i n

a a N m an n se rch of food , the forest l ws of the or ki gs prob ably did n o t en courage the t akin g of liberties i n

wa n a n No t n 1 0 the y of u uthorized e closure . u til 2 4 did the m e n of Devon buy their ch arter of disafforest ation

m n n an d n o t n 1 2 2 was a a fro Ki g Joh , u til 4 th t ch rter

i n m a n i n n put force by the deli it tio , the i terests of the

n n a a . Crow , of the survivi g forest re s B u t if the settlem en t Of Devo n was som ewh at del ayed

n s n as a n n n owi g to its po itio border provi ce , with u trodde m oorl an d was te s i n its m idst an d the un explored territory

n s m n n n n of the wild Cor i h e beyo d it , the Fre ch possessio s of the En glish kin gs soon gave it gre at a dvan t age i n the way of developin g i ts in dus tries an d of Open in g up a

n an d s a a n co asti g over e s com m erce . D ti g at le as t from

m an m s an n a n s a a Ro ti e , there were cie t tr ditio of tr de n d

1 A fo res t i ndi c ate s a tra ct O f u nc u ltivat e d land re se rv e d fo r u r s e s o f s t r th e r th e i e u to th e s ste m ti p po por , a an an ar a g v n p y a c c u ltivation o f ti m be r. A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 1

n Of I an a i tercourse with the south rel d , the se ports

n - a F an an d n of the orth west co sts of r ce , the provi ces ,

F n an d an a n re ch Sp ish , th t looked out over the turbule t wa ters of the B ay of Bis cay— region s in h abited by m e n of

in a S O n k dred r ce an d ton gue . the borough a d seaport

n n n m n n n n tow s of Devo rose i to pro i e ce , freely se di g

an d a a s a an d re their ships w res cros the se s , their pre se n t ati v es to the p arliam en ts of the n ation . This developm en t of com m erce an d power reacted o n the in tern al con dition of the coun try an d brought sources of we alth to its in h abit an ts beyon d those at the dis posal

u a n n m of a purely agricul t r l populatio . Thus eco o ic

wa a at i n an d m en ch an ge s e rly work the West , the of Devon led the way i n the political an d social m ovem en ts of th at age .

We h ave already s aid en ough to show that the origin of the m an orial system of En glan d is Obscure an d

I n a a m in volved . the ﬁrst pl ce , we h ve so e Th e Ori gin o f tim es the com m un al settlem en t o u the l an d th e Mano r . en a i n a n o t i n of free m , coequ l st tus if

n as in a En an possessio s , or , the e st of gl d , the de

n a n n s c en d an ts Of the D an ish i v ders of the eighth , i th ,

n a m are m a n an d ten th cen turies , be e th who there the re i s

a n n a Of an earlier free popul tio , either e sl ved or depressed

n a a an i n social st an din g . Seco dly , we h ve tr ces of the l d

war a n , settlem en t of the le der , the theg , the overlord

n n m n e ach with his appropriate reti ue of ki s e , followers ,

a ri archi al m a an d slaves form in g a t group , which y , p am h ave em bodied also the tradition an d possibly the fr e

an d s work Oi the Rom an will its predecessor , the Briti h m n o n e was an a a an , trev . The chieﬂy gr ri settle e t 1 2 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

n in s - n a n o n an a a u ited elf defe ce , but dr w up gricultur l b asis the other was to som e exten t a m ilit ary occupa

n an i n ak n tio of the l d , which the we were u der the

n O f n n a protectio the stro g , the co quered were the sl ves

Of n an d s a a n a was the co querors , the t tus of e ch i dividu l determ in ed accordin g to the war-services he was c ap able

m o n of ren derin g to his lord . Superi posed these two

n a am n an d N m an diverge t ide ls , c e the Co queror his or

s n n w m a a lord , bri gi g ith the highly developed feud l

m a o n m a n i n syste , b sed ilit ry te ure , which the other two system s were prob ably already in corporated to som e exten t . I n this m ixed origin of the m an or we sh all ﬁ n d the m ost helpful clue i n the work Of un ravellin g the history

t m n an a a am . a of y p rticul r ex ple Looked fro the i side , the m an or m ay be studied as an isol ated soci al un it kept

a a n n n a m m n together by gricultur l i terdepe de ce , co u ity

’ i n which every m an s rights an d duties were c arefully a n — n n i n m a a m pportio ed , self gover i g tters of loc l custo , an d join ed to the l arger un it of hun dred or shire by the presen ce of i ts s elected represen t atives at the hun dred

’ C n f n s m . court , the sheri f s tour or hire oot o sidered

m s m an a an a n m fro the out ide , the ori l org iz tio beco es a con ven ien t un it for loc al govern m en t an d for t axation

n an n a the ce tre of fr chises , of petty jurisdictio , of loc l

m m a an d a n a m police . Fro the ilit ry , occ sio lly fro the

a an d ﬁ s a n Of m an a m leg l c l poi t View , the or cted ost

n n n n a n n co ve ie tly through the perso lity of the lord , bri gi g

a n m Of n an d - the llotted u ber k ights , esquires , foot soldiers i n hi s train . From the econ om ic an d agrarian st an d

n i t was a s — n n m m n n poi t , elf gover i g co u ity , expressi g

s n s m a n a an d itself by cho e or cu to ry represe t tives ,

14 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY a i n — m a hi wi sc m an lly expressed hides fro word , which e t

a — o i a a an a a u rte n sh res r ble l d , to which were dded pp an ces a m a an d m m n m of p sture , e dow , co o rights , dee ed

i a n n sufﬁ cien t to support a fam ily n positio of con seque ce .

a a an a a n a The hide of r ble l d v ried ccordi g to the loc lity , an d n a a 1 2 0 1 0 a was ge er lly m oun ted to or 3 cres , which ch arged with m ain t ain in g its o wn plough te am Of oxen ;

i n O n an as i n m a n but ttery , for i st ce , ost p rts of Devo ,

a was n the hide w s 2 5 6 acres . The word hide freque tly us ed i n l ater tim es to express the ultim ate en tire

n a a n n a a an an d holdi g or cert i proportio of t x ble l d ,

ﬁ n d a a n as a an -m as m n we th t the hide , t ke l d e ure e t

N an a m am a a n . by the or scribes , bec e very v ri ble u it There seem s to have been an other an d l ater effort to

m an n ﬁ v e - n s n force the ors i to hide u it , the recog ized

’ n an d m n s n k ight s fee , to ﬁt the with the tow ship i to

n s n a hu dred , for the purpose of distributi g equit bly the

a a n an d n m a geld t x tio the burde s of ilit ry service . These addition al in terpret ation s of the word add to the con fus ion of an yon e who attem pts to reduce the

a n a hides of district i to coheren t s ystem . The advan t age of the presen ce of sokem en within the m an or was their in depen den ce an d their in heren t right

’ i n n s to do suit the ki g courts . An y court they were boun d to atten d was con sidered to a cert ain exten t a

a n a public court , li ble to exter l supervision ; an d the

a a s n n roy l uthoritie , whe the Crow began to bestir itself an d n a s n m n tried to ce tr lize the force of gover e t , were n o t a a an a I t slow to t ke dv t ge of this circum stan ce . is likely th at the s m all paym en t of the soccage ten an ts to the m an or or head m an or was an ackn owledgm en t Of n om in al overlordship an d a recogn ition of the duty Of A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 5

vi n i i n m an a a an an gi g su t the ori l court , r ther th y

a m n n a a n o w a n p y e t of the ture of wh t we should c ll re t .

ai n a Ag , the very size of the due suggests th t there was n o ques tion of a com m ut ation for m on ey paym en t of the m i n i n ultitud ous services which fell to the lot of the v llei . S om e sokem en or their descen dan ts m ay have becom e

’ n an ltberz ten en tes o n a m n free te ts , , the priv te de es e

an an d n l ds of the overlord , they freque tly held l an ds i n villein age ; but their soci al st atus di d n o t n ecess arily

i m n n o r al ter w th the for of te ure , do they seem to h ave acquired the person al di s abilities of villein s as lon g as

an n an they held i n rem em br ce their free origi d des cen t .

a n m n a a After the S xo settle e t , the gre t est tes of the west of En gl an d were foun d to be in term in gled with

an d m a m an an d a a n l a free properties s ller ors , these g i y side by side with the rem ain s of the tribal associ ation s

an d n s all of an cien t vills tow ship , while were still sur

n a m an d a roun ded o u every side by u recl i ed forests w stes . The ﬁrst step i n the econ om ic an d politic al developm en t of the coun try was to blen d these elem en ts in to a coheren t

W hole an d to establis h s om e sort of con trol over the , n a m in terven in g sp aces . The pressure of exter l circu

st an ce as well as the desire for in di vidual security an d

advan cem en t thus com pelled e ach n eighbourhood to

r an d con soli date its forces , develop its ter itories , to seek

a n a a a m an loc al uni ty at the on ly pl ce the v il ble , the or

I t a ﬁ n d n m n courts . is r re to the existe ce of soke e

recorded in the Dom esday survey for the wes t Of

am wa i n a n En glan d . I n the s e y , cert i districts of the I t ﬁ e ast n o serfs are en tered o n the rolls . is dif cult to , decide whether there were then actually n o sokem en an d n m n o serfs i n those parts , or whether the u bers were so 16 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

I t m few th at they were n o t separately classiﬁed . ust be rem em bered th at the Norm an l awyers did n o t re

n a a cogn ize the existe ce of cl ss who stood , like the

m n m a a m an soke e , so ewh t outside the uthority of the or , an d they would probably require con siderable eviden ce

“ such as they foun d i n organ iz ation s like the Soke of Peterborough -before they would be persuaded to en l arge their poin t of View .

T e Vill ei n s — I t a a n h . is cle r th t the chief respo sibility for the agricultural prosperity of the coun try l ay with the large group of m en of the vills or town

’ vi ll ei n s co n su etudt n e s cu sto m ers ships , , the , , or those

m m an as subject to the custo of the or , they were

a a . a a a s lso c lled Theoretic lly , they were lw ys ubject i n body an d goods to the ca price of their lord an d the

P a a an n a . n tyr y of his stew rd r ctic lly , they were soo

o n all m m an as protected sides by the custo of the or ,

a i n m an i n a decl red the court of the or , which , lthough

’ a the a was n it is true th t lord s stew rd preside t , the villein s them selves provided the reeve an d four m en who

am n m a a were o g the ulti te rbiters of custom ary l aws .

N i n a m n evertheless , e rly ti es , the Villei was essen tially a a an m n a n a pe s t , perfor i g cert i gricultural services o n

’ his o wn an d his lord s l an d a m an whose chief service was n n wa ploughi g , whose holdi g s regul ated by un its i n which ploughin g c ap acity was the fun dam en t al con sidera

n . a a a tio Leg lly , it is prob ble th t his lord could sell or tran sfer him an d his fam ily o ff his accustom ed holdin g to an other own er but it is doubtful whether an y such an a n was a o n tr s ctio ever pl ced record .

The full holdin g Of arable l an d i n the com m on ﬁelds for a n was a a a an - villei virg te or y rdl d , of thirty or thirty two N A MA OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 7 a a , n m a n cres usu lly forced i to so e rel tio , such as the

a a qu rter , of the loc l hide . The possession of a yard or r a Vi g te of l an d c arried with it the obligation to m ain tain a n m m n yoke of oxe for the co o plough . The Virgate was

di i n a s an d sub v ded i to two bov te , the holder of o n e bovate or sixteen a cres was accredited with the possessio n of

n o e . r a a i a a m ox The fou th p rt of V rg te , eight cres , so e

m a a n n o t m a n a n an ti es c lled ferdel or ook , did i t i y

a . I n O a i ts plough be st ttery St M ry , with double hide

2 6 a s a n a n s - a an of 5 cre , the Virg te co t i ed ixty four cres , d

farli n 1 a n x n . the ferdel , g, or f rthi g , si tee

I n a n a a an n dditio to the r ble l d , the villei s were possess ed of custom ary rights o n the pastures an d i n

m a a a a n the e dows , where re s of gr ss were e closed , hedged or h ayed roun d to protect them from live stock durin g the sum m er . The early s ys tem of acre s trips s cattered

m m n s i n v throughout the co o ﬁeld , spite of its ob ious

n n n n a n n n n n n i co ve ie ces , l sted dow i to the i etee th ce tury

E d a as i n a n an . N a s an p rts of gl d e r the we t e st co ts , where tra de with the Con tin en t e arly brought about various econ om ic ch an ges which took place at later periods els e

a n o i m m n an d n where , the p rtitio the co o fields the co soli dation of the holdi n gs roun d the hom este ads took pl ace so lon g ago th at the m em ory of the open - fi e ld s ys tem i s pre I served on ly i n a few place an d field n am e s . t is the us ual rule i n the Man or of Ottery St M ary to fi n d holdin gs of equal are as an d sim il ar ten ure payi n g s um s th at are

n approxim ately of corres pon din g value . The existe ce of this proportion ality seem s to show th at we are here

m a a n a m dealin g with the result of so e gr du l , ge er l sche e

n n n o t a of l an d settlem en t est ablished by co se t , with

1 S e e page 8 3. 1 8 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY series of ex action s extracted i n the course of years from un willin g an d recalcitran t freem en . H e The villein owed services of m an y diverse sorts .

n s m an n an d was un der obligatio to the or , to the Crow ,

I f an a s an to the Church . y two of these uthoritie ch ced

n m n m as i n O to coi cide , he ight co sider hi self , ttery , to be

n m a a i n a favoured situ ation . Whe so e ecclesi stic l body

a m an a t was lso lord of the or , the tithes were p to be

i aliz e d an d a m a m an o r p id with other custo ry dues , thus

a n n n a i n m a i n obliter ti g the disti ctio ; so th t so e c ses , a a a m n a n m an a fter ye rs , the tithe p y e t l psed whe the ori l

M n a m n wax n a an . dues fell i to bey ce i or p y e ts of ,

m a n n an a a required for the i te ce of the lt r lights , led to a series of regul ation s o n bees an d the proprietorship

a of the wild sw rm s .

n m an was n a as a an d Si ce the or freque tly t xed whole , aids were levied o n it directly by the Crown when a n a n a m n dditio l fu ds were required , the p y e ts of the villein s to the n ation al exchequer were in cluded i n their

a an custom ry d occasion al dues to the lord . A few n as a n n a m n o ly , such the w rd pe y , the bridge or ro d o ey ,

auxi li u m n or the , were levied directly by the cou ty a o n n uthorities the villei popul atio n . The geld or an t ax n a o n a as an a l d , origi lly levied the hid ge occ s a a m n i n war m x am a ta . iou l p y e t ti e , bec e ﬁxed

’ f ai d auxi li um vi ce- co m i tts wa The sheri f s , , s possibly a

’ com m ut ation of the sheriff s right to provision s an d m ain ten an ce duri n g his tourn i n an y n eighbourhood ; an d i n spite of the quarrel which is s aid to h ave t aken

a n H n I I pl ce betwee e ry . an d B ecket o n the subject at

1 an d n Woodstock , the e ergetic protest of the Archbishop ,

1 ’ S e e R o u d s F eu dal En lan d 1 8 n g , 95 , p . 49 7 . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 9 this aid too bec am e a ﬁxed perm an en t an n ual paym en t

C wn al m an a an to the ro , though y bbots d l ay lords tried a n i n o wn an to ret i it their h ds .

B esides the cl aim s of Church an d State o n the in com e of

n was an a m n the villei , he subject to l ost e dless series of c alls o n his person an d property from the lord of the

n m a or . After re adi n g through an early set of m an orial ' di n an ll n m or ces , the prospect of the vi ei s life would see

’ to con sist of in cess an t toil un dert aken at his lord s

an d a n m s a n an behest , the ex ctio of the utter o t f rthi g of y

a an n n i a r re ch ce e ar i gs of his o wn . But n pr ctice such a a a a n n o t a n st te of ff irs evide tly did rise . The villei s

a n m a an d a a n were u erous cl ss , the d ily or weekly oblig tio s i n the m an or were spre ad over a l arge body of qualiﬁed

’ m en . n an n n a Moreover , if the villei s l d we t u cultiv ted ,

’ the lord s dues wen t un p aid an d though n om in ally the

n n n o r a i n villei could either give up le ve his hold g , yet the lord could n o t com pel him to go or to st ay without

a a n - n n m the pprob tio of his fellow villei s , sitti g fro three im weeks to three weeks i n the custom ary court . The position o f ﬁn es of egress an d in gress bears witn ess to the

frequen cy of a ch an ge of holders .

a n n an Of all the custom ary dues p id by the villei te t , that of m erchet was con sidered the m ost degr adin g

I t was an d the surest sign of a s ervile social st ate .

’ ” an as n n kn own i n com m on parl ce buyi g o e s blood ,

an d was a paym en t m ade before the villein h ad the right to give i n m arriage either a daughter 0 1 gran d

I t was a an a n m n d aughter . prob bly ck owledg e t of the an cien t propriet ary rights of the lord of the m an or over

an an d a a at an the wom en settled o n his l ds , it dis ppe red

early st age of m an orial developm en t . 20 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

i a a an d a The her o t s urvived to a m uch l ter d te , lthough

a a m n a m n i n usu lly com m uted for o ey p y e t , it is still

I n a i n s a En an . force om e p rts of gl d pr ctice , the heriot was the cl aim of the lord from the heirs of the dece ased villein to the bes t be ast i n the hom este ad ; a claim of

n - an m a as a a the Church to the seco d best i l , buri l fee ,

as n a n n occ io lly followi g the ﬁrst . The origi of the heriot , which was by n o m ean s always con ﬁn ed to the dem an d

o n e as an d m n all m a for be t , ight exte d to the ov ble

an d a s a m a n goods ch ttel of the dece sed , see s to h ve bee

a e e at a twofold . The e rly S axon h r ge w s the return of

m a ﬁ s a m n s an d a n the ilit ry out t of hor e , ccoutre e t , we po s which h ad been supplied by the chief to his followers . I t was part of a s ystem of bo ardin g out the war- horses

n an h ad m n n o t with the te ts , who thus the use of the whe

m a an d a an n m required for ilit ry purposes , of rr gi g for so e of the we apon s to be kept i n the hom estead rather th an

B u t a n at the cen tr al h all of the m an or . seco d custom

I n m an a s n n was a n . lso i volved y c se , the outlyi g holdi gs , berewtck s a - a m as m m s a or d iry f r s they were so eti e c lled , were origin ally depen den t gran ges an d hom esteads of

’ s m n a the lord de es e , grouped together with the l rger

n n m n n am n s s . villei te e e ts i to h lets or tow hip But , in ste ad of keepin g these dem esn e l an ds i n h an d an d

n a a n a n exercisi g prec rious supervisio over the cultiv tio , it was foun d m ore con ven ien t to pl ace villein ten an ts o n

m an m n as a the , who held the l d by so e te ure such th t kn own loc ally as Old B arto n i n Devon s hire an d Old Aster 1 i n Som erset . These m e n were prob ably stocked an d equipped for their n e w occup ation by th e lord of the

1 len dar o the S e e Ca M S S . o the D e an an d Cha ter o Wells f f p f , H ri i . i s to c M u sc ri ts C m . m i ss i 1 0 vol , al an p o on , 9 7 .

22 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

n a was reckon ed o n e of the m ost vex atious . A perce t ge

n n a n m a n a n of the cor grou d , v ryi g fro te th to twe ty fourth part accordin g to the custom of the m an or an d n m —s am was a a the stre gth of the ill tre , bstr cted by wa a n n an d n a m . a y of p y e t Del ys were freque t , eve system of regul atin g the order i n which the vills or h am lets were en titled to grin d did n o t greatly hasten

m a . n a tters Moreover , the villei s were required to rep ir the m ill - pon d an d to cle an out or em b an k the water courses — a he avy addition to their various burden som e

a oblig tion s .

The C a ~ — bo rdari i a o tt rs . n The , or cott rs , though origi a an n n a n n lly i ferior villei cl ss , ofte proved , whe the

n m n i n m n n n eco o ic revolutio set , to be ore i depe de t

a — a n th n their better en dowed fellows . The very sm ll ess

n a a ﬁ v e a a n of their holdi g , usu lly bout cres rou d their

a m an cott ge , forced the to seek elsewhere outlet for

I f an n . d their e ergies their rights privileges were less , their duties an d obligation s were dim in ished i n pro

n . a n n o m m n a portio H vi g co o rights of p sture , they

n o n an d m an n kept oxe , were freed fro y respo sibility for ploughin g or c artin g . They bec am e a m odel for

a m a n a n the typic l s ll holder of rece t d ys , letti g out their a an d a n a o n an n a l bour , cultiv ti g their ﬁve cres i dividu l

E n n a i sti c b asis i n their sp are hours . ve the Mo d y a m n am L un di l bour , fro which they received their e of n ari i a a s was m m a m n , e rly l p ed or co uted for o ey

a a a n s p aym en t . Their gricultur l oper tio s were les tr am m elled by custom ; an d they were at liberty to

a an as a an d a work their p tches of l d d iries orch rds , or

m s a i n n s n to set up s ithie , ccord g to the eed of the eigh

m a a n b o urh o o d . Thus their co p r tive i depen den ce from A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 23

m an a m n the ori l web , co bi ed with their right to a settled h abit ation an d freedom from irksom e respon sibilities , gave the cott ar class at a cert ain period of our history a very m arked advan t age i n econ om ic developm en t over

m m an n o n o n e an an d the ore i port t villei s the h d , the

o n serfs the other . Pl ace an d ﬁeld n am es such as

an an m a cotl ds , cotleigh , croft , or cotsetl d rk

an n ﬁ v - a the sites of these cie t e cre holdin gs .

The S er — fs . a a servi i m The st te of the sl ves , or , ust be deem ed very pitiable if their legal position be t aken as

n n n the sole evide ce of their co ditio . Tied to the soil ,

i an n s n n s n n yet w thout y deﬁ ed right thereo , ow er of othi g , n o t n m ﬁ a a n eve of the selves , bereft of xed h bit tio ,

a i a n n o n ch rged w th perpetu l bodily service , depe de t

’ i a n an the r lord s goodwill for d ily suste ce , it would be di fﬁ cult to con struct a m ore hum iliatin g lot for an y m an . Yet already in S axon tim es they seem to h ave secured the right to sell their l abour at will durin g three days of

an d n n was the week , , by the thirtee th ce tury , there

n a probably n o t m uch am is s with their positio . Wh t

a s a m s erum ever was the fate of the cl s es bove the , the

a i n a a a a rose ste dily soci l st tus , p rtly bec use they were often un der the especial protection of the Church . Sin ce they h ad n either legal duties n o r rights i n the

f a m an orial system , their history is di ﬁcult to tr ce ; but it seem s cle ar that even before their em an cipation they

an d a were free again st everyon e except their lord , th t his rela tion s to them were ultim ately govern ed by a

n very strict s e t of custom ary usages . After the Co quest m an y of them p assed im perceptibly in to the cl ass of the cott ars they colon ized n ewly settled districts ; they were attracted in to other less-popul ated m an ors 24 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

an d a n a a a o n an , dr w w y , especi lly to Church l ds by

a i n si n iﬁ c an ce e asier term s of service . Their territori l g

n m an d a bec am e the c ause of their eco o ic , l ter , of their

an n o n a n as political im port ce , whe , such occ sio s the

n a a a depopul ation of the cou try fter the Bl ck De th ,

l an d l a n a n large tract s of fertile y u cultiv ted , owi g to the s c arcity of labour . The L o rd — I n this survey of the popul ation of the

m an a o n e a n . or , we h ve left gr de u described The lord of the m an or him s elf h as yet to appear o n our

m n a a . as a p ges Although , reg rds the soke e , we h ve poin ted out th at an y rights he possessed over their a s n a a an a l n d were eig euri l r ther th propriet ry , yet , with

n an m an was regard to the other te ts of the or , the lord E i n theory the absolute own er of life an d goods . very thin g was subject to the will an d ple asure of the lord .

B u t i n a m n an hi s h ad re lity , outside his de es e l ds , will

a n an n m n m to sh pe itself i to ch els deter i ed by custo , an d acts th at he on ce did by gr ace soon assum ed the

as a a a n . an a pect of series of leg l oblig tio s M ori l records , when they h ave in form ed us of con dition s bin din g o n

n an o n a n n the te ts , go to tell us of the duties f lli g upo

s m a m m an m an the lord . The cu to s v ry fro or to or , but the un derlyin g prin ciple of m utu al service an d obligation

m n an o n is the s am e . The lord ust feed his te ts cert ain

a n m a o n a a d ys , i vite the to his t ble others , occ sion lly

’ give a lo ad of n e w-m own gr ass an d all the m orn in g s

’ an m ilk from his dairy . The m who c arries the lord s she aves h as o n e for his trouble ; the m an who c arts

a a hi s o at s t kes three rm fuls . Within the agricultura l system of the m an or the lord h as little gre ater power of in itiative th an the villein . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 2 5

a a N m an a The rriv l of the or l wyers , who sought for a n n an had n deﬁ ite ow er to every piece of l d , the ge eral effect of assign in g to the lord all portion s of the m an or which were still own ed i n com m on an d belon ged to n o o n e a — person . Thus the w ste which does n o t n ecess arily m an a an n n — a e he th l ds , but o ly u occupied territory p ssed

a n l rgely out of the con trol of the m a or ten an ts . Origin a i t h ad i m m n m m n lly prov ded co o wood , co o fuel ,

m m n as an d was a a n o co o p ture , it lso reserve of grou d n

as a n n as m n which , the popul tio i cre ed , further settle e t an d colon iz ation could t ake place . The com m on rights to fuel an d pasture were usu ally respected an d m ore

a n m m n a a a n cle rly deﬁ ed , but the right of co u l ppropri tio

a an d m a n was i n a l psed , , for the ost p rt , the lord o ly left

an d a n n s a position to en close t ke possessio of the ope p ces .

M an — n n n n The Co u rts of the o r. The i terco ectio s of

m an s am n n n the courts of the or how the s e co fusio , owi g

a s n a a a a n to di ver e origi , to which we h ve lre dy dr w

a n an n s atten tion . The socc ge te ts were e titled to do uit i n a court b aron the villein s cam e to a custom ary court

an a an a while the court leet , the relic of e rlier free org iz

n h ad a m r c m n n n as tio , o e o prehe sive co stitutio the

an d n a m n s a court of the people , lo g d i i tered wh t we

f m a should n o w term petty jus tice . The sheri f de his

’ three —weekly tourn to adm in ister the kin g s justice an d

collect ﬁn es for the royal reven ue . The lord held his

three - weekly court to ﬁx the agricultural proceedin g of

the com m un ity an d to draw i n the m an orial ex action s B f an d an d paym en ts . oth the sheri f the lord were

a n a vi ew o fran k led e a en titled to hold an occ sio l f p g , usu lly

thin s twice a ye ar to verify the workin g of the ty g or ,

an was n a n hun dred at which every m bou d to tte d , , 26 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

although the duty of appe arin g was often comm uted for

a m a m n a m n a a a - m n s ll o ey p y e t c lled chev ge or he d o ey , those presen t s we arin g th at the absen tees were keepin g

n o t n n ﬁ n a the peace at hom e . But it is i freque t to d gen eral levy of chevage i n force o n a m an or or hun dred

as as a n e w s n n o n —a n an well eries of ﬁ es for tte d ce . Such a capit ation tax was a con ven ien t an d lucrative form

n m n a n a m m of i co e for the tio l exchequer . So eti es the sheriff an d the lord agreed to hold their View o n the s am e d ay an d at the s am e pl ace ; som etim es they held it

a a an d s m m o n e a . sep r tely , o eti es fter the other Where

m an an d n n was a the or the hu dred coi cided , the View lso

’ un iﬁed ; but the kin g s l awyers m ain t ain ed with success that a ch arter gran tin g a m an or did n o t of itself in clude

n an d a m n h ad the hu dred , the cl i to the hu dred to be b ased o n separate ch arters which freed the lan d an d

the ten an ts from suits at shire an d hun dred courts . I t m ay be un derstood re adily th at the ten an ts applied all the pressure possible by passive resist an ce an d n o n atten dan ce at opportun e m om en ts to con soli date the

n o n e — a n an d m edley of courts i to three weekly g theri g , so to m in im ize the was te of tim e an d l abour fallin g to

s o n e n i t s n . s m their lot At thi court , the , with i po i g list

’ n s n a s at as n of co titue t courts , the lord s stew rd preside t .

’ The b ailiff of the m an or acted as the lord s represen t a

an d as . m n an tive public prosecutor So e twelve te ts ,

a s n m am n i usu lly cho e fro o g the freeholders , served n the capacity of a jury ; while the reeve an d four m en of the vills or m e n from the tythi n gs atten ded to the

m a n an an d in terests of the custo ry te ts the crofters . The position of the sokem en at these courts is of

a l aw n . m m n gre at i terest By l ter co o , their presen ce N A MA OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 27 w as held to be essen tial to the strict legality of the court , an d n m an if their u ber s k below two or three , the right

a r ar n was n an d m m to hold cou t b o questio ed , ight co e to an en d ; i n which c ase the m an or becam e m erely

— a so a re u ted a i c lled p m n or . Deep n the n ation al con sciousn ess l ay the recogn ition of the n eed Of an in depen den t body of freem en to b al an ce the possible a m n a a o n a ssu ptio of rbitr ry rights the p rt of the lord . An y in clin ation of the lord to buy up an d absorb the lan ds held i n soccage was thus arrested by the

m an prospective loss of the orial rights . I t is n o t i n frequen t to ﬁ n d sokem en len t out by o n e m an or to an n an run i n other whe the supply beg to short , order

m a n a n m an n to i t i the orial organ iz ation . The pri ciple un derlyi n g the various adjustm en ts was that the co n stitu ti o n of the court m ust give an am ple guaran tee of

n n i depe den ce an d com peten ce . The fun ction of the court baron was to settle disputes th at m ight arise am on g the v arious free ten an ts an d to regi ster con veyan ces of l an d between them i n the m an or

I t i n a a a a n s rolls . is this l st spect th t the court b ro urvived with an effective exis ten ce down to the eighteen th

n 1 I n a d m e n o n a m i n ce tury . it lord n stood equ l ter s the social scale— an equ ality which dates back to

a a an d m a n an n a a the feud l ges , re i ed esse ti l p rt of its structure . The custom ary court c am e to be used chieﬂy to t ake n ote of the tran sfer of villein holdin gs an d for the dis

u i n m n a a an an d a m a c ss o n a d settle e t of gr ri loc l tters , such as the cultivation of the com m on ﬁelds where they sur v i v ed m a n n an a an n , the i te ce of thoroughf res , the cle si g

1 S e e A e di I . . 1 . pp n x , p 7 3 2 8 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

a n n n s m s of w tercourses , co cer i g which the cu to of the m an or were decl ared by the jury of free an d villein

n an d a m n n n an suitors . The surre der d issio of villei te ts

n i n s a n a a were oted the roll , proceedi g which gr du lly gave rise to the s ystem of copyhold ten ure as the villein s

m n a s a an d a were freed fro their perso l di bilities , ltered but little i n form though en tirely i n effect when it bec am e the recogn ized m ethod of tr an sferrin g copyhold

an n n i n property , for which tr sfere ce the e try the roll or the copy i n possession of the ten an t afforded the s ole

n legal eviden ce . Si ce the title to the freehold own er

an was n o t at a o n s a n ship of the l d st ke the e occ sio s ,

a m a s a m n m m an the leg l for litie were reduced to i i u , d the tr an sfer of holdin gs by m ean s of en tries i n the m an or rolls was a cheap an d eas y form of l an d registry an d con veyan ce . The m an or was res pon sible as a whole for the good

n m m an d m m n a co duct of its e bers , uch of the cri i l

n a i s n o w an a at P S n busi ess th t tr s cted the etty essio s , an d on ce perh aps h ad been perform ed by the an cien t

am n m . courts of the free people , c e before the eeti g Offen ders were awarded appropri ate pun ishm en ts they

n a n were ﬁ ed , whipped , or locked up , ccordi g to the verdict of the s uitors an d the decree of the steward . Dishon est brewers stood i n the tum bril ; short - weight

n — b akers were se t to the pillory . The duckin g stool

a m a cooled the rdour of fe le disturbers of the peace .

B ut s n m an a n the deci io s of the or court could be ch lle ged , an d as m m n a n m an d m an an , co u ic tio s i proved e s of tr s

n as ss was a m n port i cre ed , the i ue c rried ore freque tly to

n s the higher Crow court , where better protection could

n n n was n o t a be fou d , si ce the ki g loth to lly him self

30 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY m u i i n a n a n t e s . So lo g go did e closure of the cre or two - acre strips an d the con solidation of holdin gs t ake

a i n En an a as a a all pl ce the west of gl d th t , we h ve s id ,

- E n traces of the system h ave well n igh disappeared . ve i n n n - n fi n d the seve tee th ce tury survey to follow , we the m n n o n e m m n an d h a e tio of but co o field , ve to study the coun tryside or to scrutin ize the m ap an d the fi el d- n am es them selves before we c an con vin ce ourselves th at the

n -ﬁ el d m n n n n ope syste u derlies the co structio of tow ,

a an d am . vill ge , h let

m m n as a a a a The co o ﬁelds , we h ve lre dy s id , were the

a n d o n a l s ﬁrst l rge pieces of grou , the outskirts of the e r ie t

a m m n s a m n an d vill ge co u itie , to be recl i ed , fe ced , brought n a n a n f i to cultiv tio , prob bly by the joi t e forts of the

s a popul ation . The groups of free settler or the trib l

a n k n an a a o g theri gs of i sfolk who , two thous d ye rs g , l aid the foun dation s of m odern En gl an d as of m odern

E n a an a a a n urope , were esse ti lly gricultur l popul tio , owin g their pre - em in en ce to their regul ar seas on al

n a a n m a a supplies of cor , gr i which they ust h ve cquired origin ally through som e con t act with the popul ation s m a n . m as an a of Asi Mi or Such ter s the Ary r ce , for erly used to den ote the kin dred peoples of Northern Europe an d Eas n a a a an a ter Asi , the r ble l d which they cultiv ted ,

a s a n the ri tocr cy who drove the plough or ow ed the ﬁelds ,

e ar n o n all a n n the of cor which their civiliz tio depe ded , pres erve for us i n our l an guage the rem em bran ce of the

n fun dam en t al co di tion of their social existen ce . I n order th at n o m an m ight fare better th an his n a s s n n a n eighbour , the cre trip co stituti g holdi g were

a a an d in s m de lt out throughout the v rious ﬁelds , , o e

a n at a a re - a a pl ces , eve l te period , were llotted e ch A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 31 se ason to preven t the growth of an y cl aim of in dividual

wn h . n m o ers ip Whe the crops were re oved , the ﬁeld was a m m n a m gr zed by the co o stock , or f llowed by com on

n n a n a co se t , ccordi g to loc l custom . The l an d roun d

a m n al l a i n a a a e ch settle e t usu ly y three gre t r ble ﬁelds ,

m m a seaso n s a as n so eti es c lled , de lt with three disti ct a a m a n an re s for cultivation . The ethod of cultiv tio d the

a n f n rot tio of crops di fered throughout the cou try , but a gradual tran sition from a two - ye ar to a three- year system m ay be observed at work i n m ediaeval agricul ture whil e the in troduction of turn ips i n the eighteen th cen tury

a i n i n En a i a m produced revolut o glish gr cultur l ethods , an d n an e n d m al n , by putti g to the custo of f lowi g ,

a gre atly in cre ased the an n u l cultivated are a of l an d .

I n a H m an at a m the records of ertfordshire or , court eet i n in 1 8 1 a g held 9, it could still be recorded th t the a m m m a n an d com m on ﬁelds h ve i e ori lly bee , ought to

an d a i n a n be , kept cultiv ted three successive se so s of ” — 1 a n ai n an d a . a a tilth gr i , etch gr , f llow The ppe l to an tiquity was at on ce the s tren gth an d weakn ess of the

I t was n o t a a n n a n system . e sy either for vex tious i ov tio or well - con sidered im provem en t to ﬁ n d a place i n such

- n m m n an d n a an a custom bou d co u ity , , whe gre t ch ges i n agricultural procedure were n ecessary to m ain tain

a m an - a n econ om ic st ability , syste of l d cultiv tio which opposed the in com in g tide was boun d to dis appe ar .

i n a En an I t is n otice able th at the e st of gl d , still the chief

- m a was a corn producin g district , the e ph sis l id chieﬂy o n the ar able l an d ; while i n the west of En gl an d the

a an n m eadows or l am m s l ds , of which the existe ce is

1 z d The En li s h Vi ll a e Co m m un i t , u e d . , F . S eebo hm , g g y

1 8 8 . 1 1 . 3, p 32 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY els ewhere in dicated on ly by the gen er al term appur t e n an ce s an i t s a a a n a d v rious bbrevi tio s , cquired the im port an ce n atur al in a p astoral an d dairyin g coun try .

a all s a an d E a i n Throughout lm ost A i urope , the cre ,

m m i s n s a an d m n so e for or other , the u iver l pri itive u it of agriculture ; it repres en t s the are a of l an d which a i te am of oxen could be expected to plough n a day .

n fu rro wl o n n s The le gth of the furrow , g, or furlo g hows the di s t an ce an ox could tr avel without p ausin g to t ake bre ath ; while the len gth of the rod or 0 x go ad proved a con ven ien t m e as urem en t of width for subdividin g the acre in to its four roods — ea ch a rod i n bre adth an d a

n i s m s furlo g or forty rods n len gth . This give the o t an n m a a m n cie t for of the cre , for which gover ed the l ayin g- out an d subdivision of the com m on ﬁelds in to

ri s dates soli o n s n am f n a strips , gg , , or , the e di feri g ccord i n a a m a n g to the district , sep r ted fro e ch other o ly by

bal s an e a a a a 1 k r s s re . turf or , they lso c lled A set of

s s n n n a a a the e trips , the furrows ru i g p r llel to e ch other

as m a o n e was a a sho t side by side , so to ke group , c lled , s hu te furl o n s n n i n , or g, word freque tly occurri g this

n i n En a n n a I n se se glish pl ce a d ﬁeld m es . hilly dis tri ct s s a m a run a n , where the strip were usu lly de to lo g an d n o t an d n n - n f up dow the co tour li es , the e fect of cen turies of ploughin g was to cre ate terraces or series of

an s n o n e a a n a level b ks , ri i g bove the other , occ sio lly

n m a n as are n o w rei forced by rough so ry , such to be s een i n the vin eyards an d olive - groves of the Fren ch an d I a an t li Rivieras . These b an ks between the plough

1 R igg an d rane a re term s s ti ll i n u s e i n W es tm o re land an d Cu m e r d wh e re fe w c o m m o r to w ﬁ e ds s u r i b lan , a on n l v ve s e e

t. A b . d e Tran s . Cam an W s re hw l . o iii . 5 0a v o l . N ew S e i es . , x , r N A MA OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 33 m a a rr r kn n as l n ches r li n ces a de te ces we e ow the y o , lso an a n a a -n a occ sio l pl ce m e . Wh en a group of strips or a m t shot e an other sim ilar con ﬁguration i n which the furrows ran at varyin g an gles to the ﬁrst group the , n n n r a an a butts a n am i terve i g tu f he dl ds were c lled the , e

h ad object , to be curt ailed i n len gth an d in creased i n — a sho rtl an width the typic l d . This m e an in g of the word butt or abut is often overlooked i n the desire to loc alize

an n a n the cie t rchery butts of the cou tryside . Corn ers

h ad of the ﬁelds , which to be cut up in to t aperin g s trips

n at o n e e n d m m a es poi ted , were so eti es c lled py k or i htel s an d al eared acres o res a p g , so g or g , word used with s am the e m e an in g but i n a differen t con n ection i n an y

’ m a a U dress ker s est blishm en t . n used or boun dary scraps

an a n N m an a of l d were ssig ed to o or the ubiquitous J ck . The words Jack sl an d or Jack l an ds preserve a record of

n n such i determ i ate own ership . The m e adow-l an ds or leys were usually close to the v a n a n am h ad ill ge , freque tly lo g the stre which origin a I a lly determ in ed the settlem en t . n S xon tim es the m a a h a i n a Ma e dows were l id up to y Febru ry or rch , i n a n n n as do les an n a series of divisio s k ow , expressio kin to the word to de al the gr ass was hedged or h ayed roun d to preserve it from the live stock of the com m un ity an d n n a n n a the de ize s of the djoi i g forests , proceedin g which h as provided the wes t of En glan d with in n um erable

n a n n i n ha ha n e ha es . n m es e di g y, y , or y The exte t of a

’ m an s rights to the m e adow- lan d was govern ed by the area of ploughlan d n orm ally assign ed to him i n the

I n m a com m on arable ﬁelds . so e pl ces the m e adows 34 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

a a am m a 1 an n a n m were lso c lled the L s l ds , i dic ti g the ti e

I n h a a of ye ar (August ) whe the y would be cle red , the

c o - a n n an an d l an d thrown open to the oper ti g te ts , the

as a n an im als again be driven out to p ture . The oblig tio of ﬁn din g the com m on bull or bo ar was frequen tly l aid

a o n the im propri ator of the rectori l tithes , while the 2 com m on herdsm an was elected by the ho m age or m en

- m an a . a an of the m an or at the ori l court Other p sture l d ,

m m a ham s o n a n so eti es c lled , which gr zi g rights were strictly lim ited or sti n ted as to the n um ber of beasts that

m a o n m l a a a . ight be pl ced the , y f rther ﬁeld I n heri tan ce an d S u ccessi o n — A list of the custom s of a m an or usually shows th at the succession of property w as a n an d was as as strictly determ in ed its cultiv tio , in deed part of the gen eral schem e for m ain t ain in g the

a a n an solid rity of the com m on life . While the socc ge te ts

an at n had n o could dispose of their l d will , the villei s

a n s n a n power of v ryi g the rule of desce t , restrictio of which the object was to preven t a redivision of the holdin g an d a m ultiplication or division of custom ary I . n n n ﬁ n d a n n n as services Ke t o ly do we te ure , k ow

a n was a n am n g velki d , which subjected to equ l divisio o g the heirs . Throughout the res t of En glan d a custom

a En a all c lled Borough glish prev iled , by which the pro pri et ary rights of the villein i n his holdin g wen t to o n e

n n s n 3 child , freque tly the you ge t s o ; thus settin g the

n as a m n other childre free to seek work cr fts e , to serve the

1 Th e am e L am m s i s r d e ri e d o m S o wo rd n a p obably v fr a ax n , hla m aess e o r o m ss h i re e re c e to o ff r ﬁ rst f l af a , av ng f n an e ing o f uits i n th e sha e o f a o o f n e w W h e e fr p l af at n bre ad . 2 Fro m th e L ti ho m o = a m an F re ch ho m a n n , m e . 3 S ee th e custo m s o f th e M r o f Otte r St M o n es 8 2 8 . ano y ary , pag , 3 H e e th e u es o f desce t r c c o di to th e e r r l n va y a r ng t nure . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 35

i n a a a o n m n an lord v rious c p cities , to settle the de es e l d ,

n or to colo ize an d reclaim som e of the m an orial waste . B orough En glish was a dapted to a st ate of society when

ll I a m a o n a an . t m there were still e pty sp ces h ds c e up , n a u al n am n i n o n m al n t r ly e ough , o g people liv g s l holdi gs ,

di i n was s n n an an d a m where sub v sio di cou te ced , obility of popul ation was still a fe ature of the type of civiliz ation .

Un n was s a m n der this te ure , it u u l to give wo e the express

n m n i n a m a 1 right to hold the te e e t def ult of le heirs , suggestin g th at n o obligation of m ilit ary service was origin al ly in volved in the con dition s of own ership .

F m — a eo rm i n The ar S ystem . The word f rm or f its

i n a a n n an s an d an n orig l S xo se se st d for food , the tr sitio

a m an n a xed ren t an d a a to its l ter e i gs , ﬁrst of ﬁ , fterw rds

n was a was as the holdi n g for which the ﬁxed re t p id ,

as gradual i n outward practice as it was in literary usage . I n the dawn of the m an ori al system we m ay t ake it for

’ gran ted th at in som e way the lord s household was

n a i n a n n i n m ain t ai ed , ye r , ye r out , by the co tributio s

n an a di n n a kin d of the te ts , e ch hol g bei g ch rged with

a da a a m n a n ﬁn di n g supplies for y , week , or o th , ccordi g

- n s c o n to their several c apacities . These produce re t

n n n an d a ti n u e d i n pl aces dow to the fourtee th ce tury l ter ,

especially o n a few ecclesias tical estates an d it is prob

- as cheesel an ds ho l an ds salt able th at ﬁ eld n am es such , p , l an ds pre serve the m em ory of the on ce un iversal liability

a i n an d a ai o n a n to p y food , of the peculi r duty l d cert i portion s of the m an or for the supply of special articles

of con sum ption . The ch an ge from paym en ts i n food an d l abour to a

w a a gen eral system of p aym en t i n m on ey as very gr du l

1 Of Otter St Mar o n e 8 2 . S ee th e cu st o m s o f th e Manor y y, p ag 36 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY but it i s easy to s e e th at s uch an alter ation was boun d to t ake pl ace as s oon as the coun try settled down in to a

n a n a n m n n cohere t whole , with ce tr l gover e t requiri g

n a con s t an t s upplies of m on ey for the ation l exchequer . The ﬁ rs t m ove i n the process i s often a tem porary su bsti tu ti o n a m n a an m n n s an n of o ey rr ge e t , with the u der t di g that paym en t i n kin d c an be reverted to when ever c o n v e n i e n t a n a n , retur to the old order which cert i ly did

e n d n occur occasion ally . Yet by the of the fourtee th

n n a a N m an n a n ce tury , three hu dred ye rs fter the or i v sio ,

- n a m s n n n an d i n an food re ts were l o t u k ow , other two hun dred ye ars l abour s ervices h ad virtu ally dis appe ared

s a ﬁ n d a throughout the l an d . We hould prob bly the l test

a a i n n - En an tr ces of surviv l the orth west of gl d , where , i n m an at an a a s n o t Cu berl d y r te , l bour service were extin ct i n the eighteen th cen tury .

I n the foregoin g pages we h ave given a very short an d im perfect sketch of the gen er al outlin e of the m an or

i n En an — su fﬁ ci e n t gl d , however , we hope , to Th e M o r an 0 o f Otte ry gi ve the studen t som e 1d e a of the rel ati ve

St M r ' a y a f n a v lue of the di fere t p rts of the structure , as ﬁ i he will n d them n the M an or of Ottery St M ary .

n s m a n n The little tow it elf , with its g iﬁce t church , is the

s n m m n l an s . so c d obviou ce tre of the co u ity A group of ,

m a s n an n b o cl an ds are a which y repre e t the cie t , pl ced

n at a an a w n rou d it v rious dist ces , e ch ith its atten da t

a an d a a n s n cott ges ppropri te buildi g ; while , duri g the

H n VI I n . a n an d reig of e ry , the W rde College of Can on s chan ged som e custom ary ten em en ts in to socc age holdin gs an d a m n n dded the to the list , bri gi g up the n um ber of socc age holdin gs to thirteen . Of the origin al s o cl an ds ,

38 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

- a m a a n an ﬁ ft a . hu dred d y six cres As tter of f ct , the est ate n o w com pris es three hun dred an d eighty- o n e a s an d i s n o a n an a a n in cre , there cert i record of y lter tio

n a an its exten t . Here the is discrep cy for which we ar f a n Ca e tem pted to o fer s om e expl an tio . At dh ay there seem s always to h ave been about seven ty acres

an d a n n a m a -a of woods rough gr ss , i cludi g s ll three cre

n are a a holdi g , besides the ﬁelds which ctu lly un der Of a n . are a o n cultiv tio the ﬁelds there four , situ ted the

n n s highest grou d of the property , betwee the wood , which

a n n n as N h ve bee k ow respectively orth , South , Middle , an d P m m n m n n a a n . itt Co o , see i g to poi t to l te e closure N o doubt they are the portion s of the est ate to which

’ a us n m a i n Ri s do n s S u rve o D evo n n ll io is de y f , whe we are told th at John H aydon built a fair n e w house at

Cadha an d n a m n an n n y e l rged his de es e , expressio poi t i n a s n a an a n g tow rd e closure r ther th cquisitio , for which ,

i n o n n s . n n i deed , there evide ce The co te ts of these four

ﬁ - I f a ﬁelds am oun t to fty six acres . we dd these com m on s

n a an d a an to the seve ty cres of wood , subtr ct the result t o n e hun dred an d twen ty- six acres from the tot al of three

n an d - o n e ﬁ n d s a hu dred eighty , we our elves left with wh t m ay h ave been the origin al cultivated are a of about

n an d ﬁ ft - a i s i n f two hu dred y four cres , which e fect the

n m an a i n a as . equiv le t of the ori l hide , set out the Survey

m a s ﬁ n d a s m a an At Holco be l o we i il r discrep cy . The origin al tot al are a of the holdin g repres en tin g the b arton

-m an a a or sub or , ch rged with the ye rly p aym en t of eleven

n an d o n e n n w as a shilli gs pe y , bout three hun dred an d 1 -si x a s i n 1 8 0 o n e n forty cre , of which 7 hu dred an d eighty

1 P rti cu rs ro m th e Ti h e Ma o f 1 8 0 b th e f a la f t p 7 , y c o u rtesy o e r o f H o c m b e B rt n th e own l o a o . N A MA OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 39

a a o n e n - four were r ble , hu dred an d twen ty seven p asture an d a m a an d - w tered e dow , thirty three orchards an d a g rden s . The holdin g was even tu ally broken up for pur

o f a an d a poses s le , the v rious portion s h ave ch an ged h an ds

a m n m n n n sever l ti es si ce the iddle of the i etee th cen tury . The presen t p aym en t of eleven shillin gs an d a pen n y from the own er of Holcom be B arton House to the lord of the m an or prob ably represen ts the l ast ofﬁ cial recogn ition of the existen ce of the old sem i -in depen den t s o cl an d

H m n m an of olco be withi the or of Ottery St M ary . The custom ary holdin gs an d those later m ade out of

’ the lord s dem esn e an d held by Old B arton ten ure were n o doubt ﬁrst to be foun d grouped roun d the m other -church o n an d n as m n the hill the , settle e t proceeded , they clustered roun d e ach of the seven teen or eighteen tithin gs

n s which helped to co titute the com pleted m an or . At ﬁrst prob ably sharin g the com m o n ﬁelds an d t akin g part i n the

s s a n an d n ﬁ n d proce of cle ri g of further e closure , we the ten an t s by the fourteen th cen tury e ach i n possessio n of

o wn a n m n s a a i n s their llotted te e e ts , which u u lly v ry ize from a Virgate of s ixty- four acres to a few acres i n

n 1 m m m an n an e m exte t . So e of the ore i port t te ts would ploy m e n on ce o f the st atus of s erfs to help them i n the

l i ati o n b ut i n e arl d a s wo uld ro b work of cu t v , the y y there p ably be n o n eed to provide addi tion al dwellin gs for these

n m a a s n — n a - an d l abourers , si ce the edi ev l wi e herd , e t herd ,

- a a m s n s heep herd were like ccusto ed to leep , surrou ded

a i n a a n a . by their ch rges , the ppropri te shed or li h y The crofters who held by ﬁ v e —acre ten ure are on ly to be foun d i n Ottery itself an d the adjoin in g h am let

Fo r m a n n m ato n . of Wigg so e re so , whether eco o ic or

— R e t . MSS . an e r Add . Mu s . B rit . , a ly n al 40 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

a s m an n m a n soci l , thi for of l d te ure see s to h ve bee

a a s n n an d n n a i n gr du lly di co ti ued , o ly the origi l hold gs rem ain ed to be gr adu ally subdivided an d tran sform ed i n to wh at we should n o w describe as sm all urb an residen

n ti al property an d accom m odation l a d .

m an m i n a For the lord of the or hi self , the c se of

a an n n a a n a a Ottery St M ry , we c ot poi t to b ro i l h ll or st ately m an sion an d the M an or House o n the site

’ a n s n n a n n a of the W rde s re ide ce , co t i i g tr ces of the old

- w n an a s a m h as n o o m . court roo , ori l t tus Much of the con servative ch aracter of the m an ori al survival here is

a a a a a m an prob bly due to the f ct th t , till l te ye rs , the or h as n ever h ad a territorial fam ily givin g it a residen t

an d n n n n a lord , co seque tly the kee eye of perso l pro pri e to rship h as been absen t from the course of its

n s a a n deve lopm en t . The Fre ch eccle i stic l ow ers of the Norm an an d Pl an t agen et periods were of n ecessity n o n

n En a n a n reside t , while the glish W rde of the l ter ce turies represen ted a com m un ity who would cert ain ly assist i n preservin g the traditio n al attitude towards l an down in g an d n an an d n m an a te t right so , whe the or p ssed in to l a an s was n o f a a n an y h d , there o ﬁci l pl ce of reside ce st d i n m n e w n s a n g e pty for the ow er , with the re ult th t , eve at n d a m an i s n o t a the prese t y , the lord of the or ctually

n n n m an a reside t withi the bou ds of the or , lthough his a an d hi s s are n c ttle pig housed withi its precin cts .

m m an all The ills of the or , of course driven by water

’ at a n a a power , were Ottery St M ry , e r St S viour s bridge , at the bottom of the pre s en t Mill Street but there were a m s at n n n n r n lso ill Tipto St Joh , k ow du i g the reign

’ n E a as n s m s an d n of Quee liz beth the Quee ill , o w c alled

’ the Kin g s m ills . Holcom be an d Kn ightsto n e h ad m ills A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 41

o wn an d m a h ad a a of their , see to h ve disputes bout w ter

n an rights with te ts lower down their respective stre am s .

Cadh a a o n a a m a At y , the Mill Me d the T le prob bly rks

an a n - - the site of n cie t water wheel an d m ill house . The

n Cadh a Cadh a s a ow ers of y , both the de y , who were se ted

m E I an a n m a . d there fro the ti e of dw rd , the H ydo s , who

m n n n VI I I . h ad followed the duri g the reig of He ry ,

a a s m m a e sy cce s to so e of the Ottery ills , which prob bly accoun ts for the e arly dec ay an d disappe aran ce of the

m a Cadh a s ller y m ill o n the Tale .

m all n n n as These ills were used for gri di g cor ; but , the cloth tr ade was well est ablished i n the Devon shire

a s n n n n v lley before the ope i g of the ﬁftee th ce tury , fullin g m ills an d dyein g houses are to be foun d growin g up i n the little m e di mv al town s dotted alon g the water

I O a n n n s . cour es n ttery St M ry , duri g the seve tee th

n n D n was a a n a ce tury , whe evo shire still rel tively spe ki g m an a n n a was an m an uf cturi g cou ty , the cloth tr de i port t in dustry ; an d it is cle ar from the professio n s of the

n m an as are n i n te an ts of the or , they e tered the survey ,

a n n n n an d th t , eve i to the eightee th ce tury , the cloth

n i n serge tr a de h ad still a con siderable followi g the town .

a a o n e As we h ave s id , the p rish church of Ottery , of

n s an s a m i n the ﬁn est i n the west cou try , t d l ost the

a an d m a n cen tre of the p rish , for s ucleus for

an d the history of the m an or . The church

Of Ottery St all its m an ori al depen den cies were gran ted Mary by Edward the Con fessor to the De an an d 1 a 1 0 6 1 . a Ch apter of Rouen i n the ye r The ch rter , which

n n m an be ars the sign ature of the ki g , is co ﬁr ed by Stig d , m 1 B riti sh Mus e u . MS . sc ri t L an sd . , Tran p , 447 42 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

s was n at n a n the Archbi hop , who prese t the coro tio of

am n Aeldre du s hi s a Willi the Co queror , by , brother rch m an d an d a . bishop , by six dukes six bbots At the ti e

m a was n a of Do esd y , Ottery joi ed with the subsidi ry m an or of R awri dge i n Upottery as the property of the a n a n n 1 was . n n in lie ch pter Co cer i g Ottery , which the

n Eas B a a i n the hu dred of t udleigh , we re d th t , the

m n E a h ad n n ti e of Ki g dw rd , it bee gelded for twe ty

ﬁ v e an an d m — a hides of l d e ployed forty six ploughs , th t

ﬁ v e s a n hide , cultiv ted by three ploughs , co stitute the

m sn i n an s an n n s de e e the h d of the c o s , while the villei

a n an ar ﬁ f h ve twe ty hides d forty ploughs . There e ty

ﬁ v e n n — a s n n an d villei s , twe ty four bord r , seve tee serfs ,

n - a n -o n e s n an d ﬁve swi e herds , p yi g thirty hilli gs three

n . m a n s a a pe ce Three ills p y thirty shilli g ye r , while an orch ard an d a saltern at S e dim u di (Sidm outh) are a at n n a v lued thirty pe ce . There were twe ty cres

an n a m a an d of woodl d , two hu dred cres of e dow , eight

s a an d an n hide of p sture , the live stock of the c o s

n s s n - a s n o n e n co i ted of twe ty four be sts , six wi e , hu dred 2 an d n m a an d o n e ro u n ce . thirty sheep , eightee forest res , y

R o u ri e a a Of g , we re d th t it used to be gelded for three

an n hides of l d tilled by twelve ploughs , which Ki g

am h ad n Can n s a On e Willi give to the o of St M ry . hide an d s i n m s n n i n s two plough were de e e , while twe ty v llei ,

i a an d a s e ght bord rs , four serfs cultiv ted two hide with te n ploughs . Twen ty a cres of m e adow an d h alf a hide

s are . n a of wood recorded There were twe ty be sts ,

n - an d a seve ty two sheep , thirty go ts .

1 D m e sd S u r e E e t e B o k — Vi cto ri a o ay v y , x r o Co u n ty Hi stori es

D evo n . i . C m re s th e E ch e u e r D m e s d , vol o pa al o x q o ay . 2 A w rd o f F re ch o ri i m e i h o rse e s id i h . rs e . o n g n an ng , p r ng o A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 43

The history of the little m an or of R awridge i s asso ci ate d a a an d m an U with th t of the p rish or of pottery , an d s a f n m pur ues di fere t course fro Ottery , so we will

i a n a here g ve brief outli e of its c reer .

I n n H n I I I an an a the reig of e ry . , the De d Ch pter of

R n a m n i n 1 2 60 an d n m oue , by deed d ted fro Roue co ﬁr ed at B a l i n 1 2 66 n sum o n e e u ieu , co veyed it for the of

n n s N a n an d i a hu dred pou d to Sir ichol s Chey ey Fel ci , w his ife . After sever al gen er ation s an heiress took it

n am B n i to the f ily of Willoughby , Lord roke , whe ce it

a n n . a am p ssed to Blou t , Lord Mou tjoy Afterw rds it c e by purch as e in to the fam ilies of Poph am of Littl e co te an d n n I 1 a of Addi gto . t is recorded th at a free ch pel

R awri d e n n a was n n of g , lo g si ce dec yed , o ce fou ded by

an an d a R n an d n the De Ch pter of oue , e dowed with the

. a n m s u m of ﬁve poun ds per an n um . We le r fro the m an or records 2 th at Rawridge paid an ackn owledgm en t of o n e poun d of wax an n ually to the church of St M ary

m a O . m at ttery At the ti e of the Do esd y Survey , these

m an s a n a a n n two or , t ke together , p id ye rly seve ty pou ds 3 n m n . n a n of Roue o ey Accordi g to Dugd le , the reve ue of Ottery St M ary was farm ed for sixty—ﬁ v e m arks i n

m n n an d a —ﬁ v e n the ti e of Ki g Joh , t xed for forty pou ds I a ye ar un der Edward .

I I I 1 an an d a E a . I n the eighth ye r of dw rd , 335 , the De

Ch apter of Rouen sold their Ottery es t ate to Joh n

1‘ E m n Gran di ss o n B r , , ishop of xete who deter i ed to est ablish at Ottery a quarter college foun dation for the

1 2 S e e e 1 . D u d e M on as ti co n . g al , pag 5 3

3 — 8 . i . 1 l . v i I bi d . V o , , 34 7 4 H i n e sto n t B i s ho Gran di sso n e d . F . C . The Regi s er of p , g

Rand olph . 44 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY advan t age of the n eighbourhood an d the glory of the

Virgin .

n Gran di s so n was a a m an n Joh de gre t well bor , the so n n a n s s n n n of disti guished p re t , the cou i of ki gs , pri ces ,

an d a a n J o h n d e dukes well educ ted , h vi g received (31 3 111115 5 0 11 a n n at Un s P a s n his tr i i g the iver ity of ri , the

a a n n i n E n prob bly the best school of le r i g urope , u der an m n n a n a m an E e i e t te cher , Four ier , of urope an

a n an d a at a r r , an d eput tio well b ed equ lly his e se , m a m s an d m e n i n Pa ster of hi elf other , whether the pal

at n n n s n Court Avig o , the cou cil of the ki gs , or the

a n s n g theri g of the cou try folk of his diocese . His wide

n was at hi s n experie ce of life put the service of eighbours , an d he seem s to h ave turn ed his atten tion to the abuses i n l an d ten ure an d agriculture with the s am e spirit of de t erm i n e d com prehen sion i n which he discovered an d reform ed the ecclesi astical failin gs an d abuses of the N church he was sen t to govern . o t on ly i n the m an ors

n n o n an i n n belo gi g to the see , but the l ds the possessio

a a n an d ﬁ n d of other ecclesi stic l perso s bodies , did he

an d n a as m an d n an s sterile u cultiv tedw tes , e pty rui ed gr ge ,

n n s an d s an d n a broke fe ce , deserted heepfolds li h ys . The

— n h ad n n s m an d s i n seed cor bee co u ed old , the trees the

s an d a h ad n n an d a o ff an d wood p rks bee cut dow c rried ,

a s am at o n s an wild be st ro ed will the ley d pastures . Few

n a i n m n n an d B re ts were p id , either o ey or ki d , the ishop was at ﬁ s an d n a forced r t to buy beg the ecess ries of life ,

n m n m n an d a n h a borrowi g o ey fro frie ds rel tives , u til he d restored s om e s ort of order out of the boun dless con fusion

n n an an d as . of disho esty , ig or ce , wilful w te The best co m m en t o n the vigour an d in telligen ce of John de Gran di sso n

46 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

an an d a n him a an De Ch pter of Roue , who forced to p y exorbit an t price for property which was of little value to

n a n s them selves . But the egoti tio s were succes fully a at a an d o n m a Eve 1 c rried through l st , Christ s 337 the a ctual foun dation was legally accom plished .

s um n s an d n a A of six shilli g eightpe ce , to be p id an n a was an n n u lly , reserved to the cie t ow ers out of

n Fl o k e sto n e F a re ts received from ( luxto n ) . The collegi te body w as further en riched by the an n exation of the

n I n n n a P m n i n 1 8 livi g of lsi gto , e r ly pto , 33 , the priory of Plym pton ret ain in g an an n ual pen sion of o n e hun dred

n i n N am shilli gs while the liv g of orth , purchased

’ m n at a n Gran di sso n fro St Stephe s Abbey C e by Otho de ,

un i n 1 6 a n brother of the fo der , 3 3, together with cert i

an d n i n n n was a a houses re ts the city of Lo do , lso ppro

I n 1 pri ate d to the College . 42 2 the College was ch arged

’ with the m ain ten an ce of Bishop Gran disson s Ch an try i n

Exeter C athedral ; an d i n 1 4 39 the reven ues of the

n a a church at I pplepe were dded to its tre sury .

I t is ch aracteristic of Gran di sso n th at he did n o t m erely

a an d an m ado an purch se tr sfer , without ore , the l ds of

an Th e N e w the m or to his collegi ate foun dation at

S et tle m e nt i s Ottery . H views o n l an d ten ure an d o n

a n m d a n o w a n the rur l eco o y of the y , could they be obt i ed , would be m ost illum in atin g . The m an who could r aise his reven ues from a n egligible am oun t to a prin cely n m i n a a an d m a n m an i co e the course of few ye rs , re i e while the forem ost an d m ost trusted ﬁgure of his

s m a h ad n o n dioce e , ust h ve his ﬁ ger the pulse of the whole social m achin e . Did we n o t kn ow from other sources th at such was the cas e ,it would be s afe to assum e A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 47

’ from Gran disson s action that the perso n al dis abilities

n an d of the villei s , the forced l abours which could be

a m m a a an ex cted fro the , were re l griev ce of the tim e , workin g again st the h appy an d proﬁt able settlem en t o n

n . an n a the cou tryside Before h di g over the est tes , he took coun t of what was probably al ike to the in terests of

n an an d n e w n m an an d the te ts the ow ers of the or , abolished for ever all pers on al servitude i n the m an or

i n n s a n a a n of Ottery , co ider tio of ﬁxed ye rly re t of two shillin gs an d sixpen ce a farli n g . The words of the gran t are Quilib et cus to m arii s qui ten et un um ferlin gatum

a d abit an n m li ce n ti a m ari tan di ﬁ li as a terr e per u , pro su s t am n a m an eri um am a e t o eribu i fr qu extr , pro p s h e m ali bus et au tum n alib us aruri s m essi o n ibus y p , , ,

et alii s o erib u s e t co nsue tu i i av eragii s etc . p d n bus ex ” S V 11 1 o n eran di s m I I . 1 (except suit to ill , heriots , etc) . This redem ption of m arri age ﬁn es shows th at the

n was s n a an d n o servitude of the villei s till perso l , did t refer m erely to duties an d obligation s att ached to their holdin gs of l an d . Thus the collegiate body m ay be assum ed to h ave

a n a n n an d n n n n an t ke over co te ted i depe de t te try , who

’ possessed i n Gran disson s gran ts s om ethin g m ore t an gible than the often shadowy an cien t rights an d custom s o n which to base their claim to exem ption from vexatious

n in terferen ce . The future history of the m a or shows

a n n a a n an an th t eve three hu dred ye rs l ter the te ts , th ks

’ n an d a m an a n to Gran disso s foresight st tes like ctio , were i n a relatively stron g an d s atis factory position .

’ ’ 1 Oliver s Li ves of the B i s hops of Exeter ; an d Gran di sso n s

- 6 . H in e sto n R do h . Se e so a e 2 Re i s ter F . C . g , by g an lp al p g 48 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

At the tim e of the dissolutio n of the En glish m on as t eri e s V I n m O n I I . by He ry , the i co e of the College of ttery

ar was a at 8 2 5 . d . a a n St M y v lued £33 , 9 , prob bly equiv le t

a to about of our m on ey . The collegi te body deem ed it wis e to m ake n o show of resist an ce an d the

a n m h ad n a n i n 1 2 W rde , Oliver S ith , who bee ppoi ted 5 5 ,

B ram sto n m n St o k em an with Roger , i ister , Roger , D h a s an an d W111 . e er an n s cri t , y , c o , subscribed to the

’ n s s a i n 1 Ki g uprem cy 5 34 . The site of the collegi ate buildin gs an d the m an or

an H n VI I I E a Ea were gr ted by e ry . to dw rd , rl of

n o n a a n Hertford , but reverted to the Crow his tt i der ,

n m an d P i n whe Duke of So erset Lord rotector , The gre at tithes were given to the De an an d Chapter

’ a St G at n i n m of the Ch pel of eorge s Wi dsor , who they

are . sm a still vested The ll tithes , together with the

a an d a n m a church , churchy rd , cert i essu ges , were vested by a ch arter of in corpor ation i n a som ewhat

a n exclusive church corpor tio ruled by four govern o rs .

n H a n n an d Cadha at Joh ydo , who ow ed rebuilt y House

a m was ﬁ rst - n am a th t ti e , the ed of the e rliest govern ors

n n a . a n i n of the ewly i corpor ted body After litig tio , the

a E a VI . a n s ﬁfth ye r of dw rd , eight p rishio er were associ ated with the govern ors as assist an ts to de al with all

ﬁn an ci al busin e s s . Future govern ors were to be chosen

m am n m a a fro o g the ore popul r body of ssist an ts .

a n o w i n n We h ve followed , outli e , the history of the

an m s n m or to the iddle of the ixtee th cen tury . Let us

n a m n a n a n an d a tur b ck to ore ge er l co sider tio s , t ke up the thre ad ag ain at the poin t when the com m ut ation of a a a an d l bour services for d ily w ges , the tran sform ation

1 S e e e 6 0 pag . N A MA OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 49

- a m n n m n n was of food p y e ts i to o ey re ts , an accom plished

a a a En an an r gr r r , d n f ct th ough the e te p t of gl d , i deed of , n E Wester urope .

We have alre ady poin ted out th at the m om en tous

an m n a m n n f ch ge to o ey p y e ts , which profou dly a fected

n n a n m the co ditio of the popul tio , ust be Th e Late r a as n a a n n Histo ry o f reg rded the tur l co seque ce of L d Te ure an n a an n a n at s am dv ci g civiliz tio ; but , the e n E i ngland . i m i t I S i n te re stl n a t e , g to seek for the c uses th at h asten ed the tran sform ation of the con dition s of

o n En n an d a f life the glish cou tryside , to tr ce their e fect

o n n a n a a a the tio al developm en t . The geogr phic l isol tion of En gl an d from the political an d r aci al con fusion of the con tin en t of Europe perm itted the stable eco n om ic recon struction of s ociety o n the isl an d lon g before it was

N m an n h ad possible o n the m ain l an d . The or Co quest

a a n n a a f voured the growth of stro g ce tr l roy l power , which soon att ached to itself an d was s upported by the sym pathy of the En glish —born lower classes ; while a

m n a a m n n co pete t ristocr cy , co pelled by i sti cts of self

a n act as a a a an as n i a preserv tio to cl ss r ther th i div du ls ,

was m Of m a a an d forced to perfor the duties ilit ry , ﬁsc l ,

n n judicial adm in istration . Thus the settled co ditio of the coun try favoured the rise of the woollen trade with

an m n n n n n Fl ders , which brought the o ey of the Co ti e t i to circul ation throughout En glan d ; an d this again per m itte d the em an cip ation from ren ts i n kin d an d from

n n m n an d m e n perso al service , setti g free the o ey the to develop the growin g con tin en t al trade an d to adapt

them selves to the life of the city cr aftsm an . We m ay see the whole process i n the history of alm ost an y 4 5 0 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

an an n m n a m an or . The l dlords received i stru e t of gre ter

n m f n a an was m n a eco o ic e ﬁcie cy , the pe s t freed fro perso l

n I n n a s co trol . the course of ce turies , the stew rd , the

a m m an d b iliffs , the reeves , with their clu sy co pos court

n n n an d rolls , their co ditio s of te ure their lists of cus

m a a a n an d En to s , gr du lly lost their occup tio , glish coun try life developed o n an in dividualistic basis an d becam e in depen den t of com m un al or ofﬁci al

con trol . The n ext ch an ge to which we m ust refer was the great fall i n the value of m on ey experien ced i n the sixteen th

n a m a a a a ce tury , fter the discovery of A eric , f ll prob bly very sim il ar i n c ause an d effect to the o n e we are n o w experien cin g as the result of the exten sion of credit an d

a S — n the ctivity of the outh African gold m i es . The

s m a n a m n an i n n cu to ry re ts of the f r er , the desce d t positio

n o t i n o n am m a if blo d of the villei , bec e te por rily less

n m an d an burde so e , the copyholder , who held his l ds by

n an a a a a a a i n his i herit ce , gr du lly cquired v lu ble right i n . H s n n n a n an a holdi g re t , ofte o ly few pe ce for cre ,

am a m n a a . n m n bec e light , l ost i ppreci ble He ow ed so ethi g

a am a a P th t c e to h ve high sellin g value . As rofessor M aitlan d h as poin ted out in his History of a C am bridge

’ s an n n a m hire M or , the copyholder s ve dible i terest is l ost

n an n a n n m n e tirely u e r ed i cre e t , the product of ” 1 Am eric an m in es . The bro ad distin ction between m e di mv al an d m odern agriculture is sim il ar i n kin d to the distin ction between

e a an d m n n I n a m edi v l oder i dustry . both griculture an d in dustry l arge stores of c apit al and free l abour for the ﬁ rs t tim e becam e available i n the sixteen th cen tury for

1 ll ected P a ers F . M i t Co W . d 1 1 1 v ii . 0 . o l . . 2 p , a lan , 9 , p 4 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 5 1

n n a n exte di g the scope of the oper tio s . As this process

m an a a developed , uf cture p ssed i n the eighteen th an d n in eteen th cen turies from hom es an d sm all workshops to

a a an d i n n a n th l rger f ctories , , so doi g , re ched beyo d e supply of loc al n ee ds to pour its ﬂood of products in to

al — m a . a a wholes e world rkets Agriculture , from st te of

n - an d i n a at subsiste ce husb ry , which e ch household , or al l n a m an o wn an d eve ts e ch or , grew its food h ad little

a was m n over for s le , forced by the overwhel i g n eeds of

n n an a n as n a a n exte di g urb popul tio s , yet u ble to dr w o

n m n n ew m - o n foreig i ports , i to ethods of food pr ductio .

The n e w system n ecess arily in volved the con solidation

n m an d a of holdi gs , by which both ti e l bour were eco n o m i z ed n s n , the e closure of tho e regio s which still ret ain ed

as m m n a a an d n n their w teful co o r ble ﬁelds , the co versio

’ of e ach holdin g from a m ean s of supplyin g its own er s

m m a n n a a n an d m a i edi te eeds , i to f ctory of cor e t for distan t urban m arkets .

I f m n n a was m n n the oder i dustri l world to co e i to bei g ,

was n a . a the process i evit ble Yet , though c rried out

n n m m a n u der irresistible eco o ic forces , it ight h ve bee

n guided in to safer chan n els . But o govern m en t could

a n n n h ve the the i sight , the k owledge , or the power to

n f n a a n co trol its course e fectively , or eve to pply its f i t hearted rem edial m easures i n tim e to produce an appreci a a a a m an n m ble result . A re l soci l loss cco p ied the eco o ic

a n an d s m a a u a all a g i , the cu to ry s feg rds of cl sses , which m a n a m a a a rked the good poi ts of the feud l syste , p ssed w y together with the irksom e restrain ts which fostered the

a an as a a a seeds of its decay . The pe s try cl ss with

a an d a an n a deﬁn ite st atus dec yed , were repl ced by i cre se i an a i n a n the n um ber of l dless l bourers , who were too we k 5 2 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY a pos ition econ om ic ally an d socially to con ten d with adverse tim es .

n e w m m a n m n o n a m n The co erci l eco o y , fou ded o ey

a s n n i n a a n an b sis , ﬁr t exerted its i ﬂue ce re s withi r ge of

n i n n s n a an . tow s , or regio where foreig tr de beg Thus the sys tem of com m on ﬁelds dec ayed e arliest i n som e p arts of

m n n a n n i n n a the ho e cou ties e r Lo do , Ke t , the doorw y to

an n s - as a Fr ce , rou d the outskirt of the south co t se ports , an d i n Es Eas N an d f an d n sex , t orfolk Su folk , Devo shire ,

a m where the wool tr de , either for export or for the ho e m an a n n an d n uf cture of cloth , i troduced eeds opportu ities

n s an beyo n d those of the old subsiste ce hu b dry .

En an m m n ﬁ s Over the rest of the south of gl d , co o eld

n an d a a n n li gered , the gricultur l history of the seve tee th ,

n an d a n n n i s a eightee th , e rly in etee th ce tury there l rgely

n n n a n . the story of e closure , by co se t or by legisl tio But i n n s n s n n n Devo hire , lo g before the eve tee th ce tury

n s was a a m . ope ed , the proce s pr ctic lly co plete The n a n n an n a m m m a rrow wi di g l es , followi g the tr ck of i e ori l

a m a ﬁ an s an d an footp ths , the s ll elds , the b k luxuri t

s s n an a n s n . hedges , how the ig s of e rly e clo ed cou try Moors an d other un occupied wastes were the on ly areas i over which an y com m on rights rem ain ed n force .

are n o t n n a But , if we here co cer ed with the l ter history

n s n m m m n ae m of e clo ure , the eco o ic ove e ts which co

an i e d an d i n an was o n e p it , of which the Midl ds it of the

at i n n On f s a . e fect , were equ lly work Devo too the s m an an d o n n an tructure of the or , the te ure of the l ds

n a s s a . withi it , e ch left succe ively its tr ce To these

an m n o w n a ch ges we ust tur our tten tion .

E n m a m n co o ic history is oder discovery . The history

n an d an d of our youth told of ki gs soldiers , of courts

5 4 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

a m n n a n p y e ts , whether of re t , or w ges , or i terest , which

m m a a n n took ti e to beco e re djusted to ltered co ditio s .

w ﬁ n m n o The losers were those ith xed i co es , with power of

an n a n exp sio , or power which could o ly slowly be exerted .

a a an d m an Thus the tr der w xed rich , the yeo freeholder ,

a an m hi s n with the pe s t copyholder i proved positio .

On an an n an d the other h d , the l dow er lord of the m an or ,

a s with the l bourer who worked for hire , with their ren ts

a m a l aw m n or w ges for the ost p rt ﬁxed by or custo , fou d

n n o n all an s an d n their expe ses risi g h d , their i com es

a n st tio ary .

M an y l an down ers were forced to sell their est ates ,

a which , with the v st territories of the suppressed t e li i o u s n ew m en n g houses , were bought by e riched by

a a . a tr de or court f vour The prices p id were , for the m s a a o n m a n a an d o t p rt , b sed the old custo ry re t ls ,

n m n proved a good i vest e t to the purch as ers .

An d n a a n i n co , i deed , these purch sers , tr i ed the m eti ti v e m an an d n s a a p erc tile i du tri l circles , reg rded their n ew possession s m uch m ore as in vestm en t s th an as est ates

n n a an d m n a co ferri g the feud l rights , i posi g the feud l

an d n s . duties respo ibilities , of the dispossessed holders Hen ce they took every opportun ity of con vertin g the old

s m a n s n a at a n a cu to ry te ure i to le ses r ck re ts , or , if th t

m an n n an proved i possible , of ch gi g copyholds of i herit ce

m a as in to copyholds for lives , which would ulti tely p s

a an d a a n an aw y , llow the property to f ll i to the h ds of I . f s a was them selves or their successors thi f iled , there still the ch an ce of r aisin g the ﬁn es o n surren der an d

s s n n n a m adm i io , u less the fi es lso were fir ly fixed by cu stom or by the l aw which eve n tu ally declared th at

n a ﬁ n e m n on e but a re aso ble ust be ex acted . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 5 5

These difﬁ culties were n o t existen t i n the c ase of old

n a dem es e l an ds . Ten n ts o n them were techn ically

n an at n m n as m n te ts will , u less so e deﬁ ite le e or agree e t

H n ﬁ proved the con tr ary . e ce we n d frequen t in s t an ces of attem pts to show th at cert ai n l an ds are i n reality part

d e sm e sn e m m m a a n of the , though the e ory of it y h ve bee

n an d n a a n m m a forgotte , their te ure pp re tly beco e si il r to

a 1 th t of freehold or copyhold groun d . The few ol der l an down ers who kept their es tates were

No t com pelled to follow the exam ple of the n ewcom ers .

n n o n am o ly were they drive by the force of ex ple , but also by the resistless econ om ic pressure of risin g prices . No t m erely were they un able to follow the risin g st an dard of livin g brought about by the in cre ase of we alth due to

an n a n o t n m a n a n exp di g tr de , but they could eve i t i their

an a n a a ﬁ m a old st d rd , whe ye r by ye r their xed custo ry

an a ren ts m e t less an d less s gold depreciated i n value .

n m i n n n s n n He ce , fro the beg i g of the ixtee th ce tury on wards we ﬁ n d an in creasin g ten den cy for l an dlords to try to ch an ge the ten ures o n which their est ates were

i an d a a n m as far as occup ed , gr du lly to co vert the possible

n o n in to leas eholds of m odern type . The process we t a m n n an d an a m m l ost without i terruptio , y tte pt to ste

n i n n n an the curre t the i terests of the dispossessed te try, such as was prob ably the in ten tion of the Protector

m s a n m n a s So er et , roused the ﬁerce rese t e t of the cl s es

an s a was a n an d in to whos e h d politic l power p ssi g , cost the leader of the con servative reaction n o t on ly his

an m an a he ad but also his l ds , the or of Ottery St M ry am on g them .

an i n n at a h ad m A ch ge , too , the ure of griculture beco e

1 S e e e s 6 6 . pag 3, 7 5 6 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

I n M soci ally as well as econ om ical ly expedien t . the iddle

a a w as m a Ages , the chief object of e ch feud l lord to ke his l an d support the gre atest n um ber of able —bodied m en who

hi m n a could follow to ﬁght for the ki g , or to r id the gr azin g groun ds an d des troy the hom este ads of his o wn

n n . as a m a an d ext eighbour But , feud lis dec yed the

as a m was i n an am cl h of r s stilled the l d , society bec e

an o n a m an a a a org ized erc tile b sis , with its w rf re of n a m n a n n i dividu l o et ry i terests . A other form of weapon

am m an d was a n bec e ore effective , power to be obt i ed

m n a an from o ey r ther th an from m e n . This ch ge of outlook rein forced the ten den cy to regard l an ded est ates

’ as n m n an d n n a m n a n n o n i vest e ts , co ce tr ted e s tte tio the n e t m n n a n I t o ey retur to be obt i ed from them . bec am e advan t ageous to work est ates with the fewest in ste ad of

m n m a a the ost u erous body of l bourers , so th t the surplus products avail able either for con sum ption or m an ufacture i n an a a s as a as N o w the urb re s hould be gre t possible . , i n n n a an d s a the sixtee th ce tury , p sture , e peci lly sheep

m far an a a n a . No p sture , e ployed fewer h ds th till ge turn ips yet were grown to m ake of a com bin ation of

a an d a a a m an p sture till ge proﬁt ble ixed husb dry . Hen ce c am e the te n den cy t o con vert arable lan ds in to

- a m a n n s n n as n sheep f r s , te de cy oo i cre ed e orm ously by I the risin g price of wool . n the coun ties alre ady

n an was as an d e closed this ch ge e ily effected , produced

s an an I n an less di turb ce th elsewhere . the Midl ds it

n n s an d a was i volved e clo ure , it is there th t the outcry

a s n m e n an d a loudest th t heep were devouri g , Vill ges

becom in g desol ate . Govern m en t did wh at it could by legisl atio n to check

a a n l aw dm in i s . n a the process of rur l depopul tio Whe , A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 5 7 tere d a n a i n r r , strictly cco di g to its lette f iled its object , an d P arliam en t declin ed to in terfere to check the m m n P n ove e t , the rivy Cou cil took the m atter i n h an d ,

an d n a n a tried to protect the i terests of the l bouri g cl sses .

m an m m By e s of its Co ittees , the Court of Requests an d

a am n a m a n an i n the St r Ch ber , it i vestig ted co pl i ts d , the face of ﬁerce opposition from the n e w l an ded pro

ri eto rs r a u aw p , t ied to pply eq ity where the processes of l

a dl o n n bore too h r y the poorer sectio s of the com m un ity . I t is worth while to be ar i n m in d the purpos es for which

so - a an n a n an d these c lled tyr ic l courts were i stituted , to com p are their m ethods an d in ten t with those of the thre aten ed ofﬁ ci al in terferen ce i n l an d problem s at the presen t day

a n a s a The ctio of these courts , est bli hed by roy l

a n n m s n prerog tive , i terfered with the eco o ic po itio of the

m a as a s a a iddle cl sses , who , tr der or gricultur lists , were i n tereste d n o t i n m a n n an a a a a , the i te ce of he lthy gricultur l

a n i n n an d m a . popul tio , but ple tiful supplies of wool e t Hen ce cam e an econ om ic m otive to rein force those of

a an d n an d a m - a politic l religious origi , to le d to iddle cl ss ascen dan cy an d the destructio n of the royal prero ga tive as the result of the Gre at Rebellio n which broke out

m n a s i n 1 642 . The freedo for which the Rou dhe d

was i n o n e a a m n n fought , spect , freedo to e close the ope

s an d n s c o m ﬁeld , to exti gui h the rights of the poorer m o n ers a n n n n n an d , without fe r of the i co ve ie t i quiries the m itig atin g requirem en ts of the tyran n ic al an d

un dem ocratic Court of St ar Ch am ber .

B u t n s n n an , to retur to the ixtee th ce tury , if the l d

own er was placed by econ om ic ch an ges between the devil of rack ren ts an d rural depopulation an d the deep se a of 5 8 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

ﬁn an cial b an kruptcy an d ab an don m en t of his an cestral

n a was i n a . cou tryside , the l bourer yet worse c se The

a s s m a him a m at feud l y te , if it g ve little leg l freedo , le ast gave him a security of st atus an d a hold upon the

an m a n n l aw m a l d which custo , p ssi g i to , de slowly

stron ger . But n o w he h ad com e to depen d chieﬂy if n o t en tirely

o n a an d n a h ad n l aw l aw an w ges , , si ce w ges bee ﬁxed by , d cus tom com bin ed to delay a rise i n in com e to m eet the

m n n a m n . a di i ishi g v lue of o ey Moreover , wh tever the in crease of em ploym en t i n town s or i n m an ufacturin g

i n a a a was n a districts , purely rur l re s work getti g h rder to

ﬁ n d . an n a a n The disb di g of feud l ret i ers , the destruction

of m on astic an d collegiate foun dation s — which i n o n e aspect was p art of the att a ck o n a con servative system of

an n ~— an s n an n l d te ure , the ch ge of ubsiste ce husb dry i to

m n ﬁ as a n at a m far i g for pro t , which , we h ve see , th t ti e

an a n an s a all n m e t prepo der ce of heep p stures , u ited to throw agricultural l abourers out of their hom es an d out of em ploym en t ; an d agricultural l abourers could n o t at

on ce becom e tradesm en or artis an s . To the pre achers

m An d a m a . an d m or lists of the ti e the evil loo ed l rge , though m odern in vestigation s in dicate th at the actual

m a a m a m s n u bers displ ced were prob bly s ll , to the ethod

an d resources of that d ay they proved alm ost un m an age

n a P L aw a a able . Slowly the eed of oor to t ke the pl ce of

a n m n a a an d feud l provisio , o stic ch rity , the fellowship of

was a an d was E a an a sm n the m an or re lised , it liz beth st te e who for the ﬁrst tim e con sciously faced the problem s of m odern p auperis m . As the sixteen th cen tury passed towards its close an d

n n n an n n a the seve tee th ce tury beg , the te de cies we h ve A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 5 9

a f . an n as tr ced produced their full e fect The l dow ers , le ases fell in an d the Star Ch am ber was effectively

n a f at an n n m et sile ced , so th t e forts ch gi g te ures with m a n an a ore cert i success , beg to get their sh re of the

n a n a a a n . i cre si g we lth , through the rise of gricultur l re ts

Y m n an d had a eo e freeholders copyholders , who est blished

n n n an d an their te ures , co ti ued to ﬂourish , the l dless

a a n a m n n l bourers lo e , lthough slowly i provi g their positio ,

a m n as i n a n l gged uch behi d other cl ses , spite of legisl tio

as a 1 6 n i n such the st tute of 5 3, desig ed to y eld u to the hi red pers on both i n the tim e of sc arcity an d in the tim e

n I t of plen ty a con ven ien t proportio of wages . is

a a i n a a a m n as prob ble th t the reviv g proﬁts of r ble f r i g, a a n - a m a i n i h g i st sheep w lks , did ore for the l bourer

o i a creasin g em ploym en t th an did the help the legisl ture .

War an d a an The Civil , the politic l ch ges of the succeed in n a n a a n i g ge er tio , produced st te of i secur ty which m il it ated again st the im provem en t i n agriculture th at seem ed about to set i n durin g the earlier dec ades of

n n n o a a r a the seven teen th ce tury. He ce gre t g icultur l

a n n chan ges m arked th t period . Te de cies towards a n n a a a a n n n lteratio s of te ure lre dy pp re t co ti ued , but n o gre at social revolution followed those i n the political

a o n an m a sphere . The old feud l dues l ds held by ilit ry

n a i n 1 6 6 a n a n te ure were bolished 5 , step i dic ti g the n ature of the property held by the m en of the dom in an t

a a an d n o t m at Resto ra politic l p rty , were rei posed the

n n n n tion . This destructio of the li k which co ected the m an or with the Crown was at on ce a step in the process

an a m an d a n far a of decay of the m ori l syste , sig how th t

F a m h ad n decay h ad already gon e . eud lis begu to die

was n o w a an d un der the e arly Tudors ; it de d buried , 60 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY though its s keleton was preserved i n the structure of

w n i n m an orial courts an d the l a of copyhold te ure , till ,

n a s n n a n . rece t d y , eve the skeleto is f lli g to pieces

The history of the m an or of Ottery faithfully reﬂects m an . an o n e all these ch ges Gr ted to of the Sey ours , it

a m a a n fell , with their f ll fro f vour , b ck i to

an n an d n a a the h ds of the Crow si ce it ppe rs ,

I a a M r i n th e n am . s a a y u der J es , p rt of the est tes of s e l h P n n P n a was gggﬁsz ri ce He ry or ri ce Ch rles , it prob ably m an aged alon g with the l an ds of

n n an a m a a the Duchy of Corn wall . Whe the ﬁ ci l e b rr ss m en ts of the Stu art kin gs forced them to c ast about for a wa a n m n P a am n y to r ise fu ds without eeti g their rli e t , the re adjustm en t of dues o n their est ates or the s ale of alien able royal property was a very obvious m e an s of

i n s a n n m . s keepi g up their i co e Thu , whether view of the le

i n I a a n a s . which took pl ce e rly the reig of Ch rle , or of the in troduction of som e form of m an agem en t showi n g a

a n n e t a s was gre ter retur of proﬁts , urvey held , to whose draft report — the full accoun t h as n o t yet com e to light — we owe m uch in terestin g i n form ation as to the attitude an d preten sion s of the ten an ts an d the Crown . Two docum en ts are pres erved at the Public Record O fﬁce referrin g to the n ature of the ten ure s in the m an or both appe ar to be i n the h an dwritin g of the e arly seven

m a a n o n e te e n th cen tury . They y h ve bee copied from

m a a n an m a the other , or both y h ve bee tr scribed fro

n a a n s docum e n t which is n o t o w to be foun d . The v ri tio i n n a n m a n a n the two , with the exceptio of cert i rgi l otes ,

n are chieﬂy i n the spelli g . The survey o n which these docum en ts are b ased was

62 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

s are a n Fir t touchin g the ten ures which socc ge te ure ,

an d a n n n am who hold by suit of Court cert i re t , whose es with their l an ds an d ren t we m ust om it un til the return of their presen tm en ts . Cus tom aryyet preten dedof in herit an ce who are to p ay as af m a u an they ﬁr for every f rli g of l d , which ought to be

n a s s n . sixtee cre , two hilli gs But by the words of their

m a n an d n custo ry , it should be two shilli gs sixpe ce , which words are these Quia s erui c e t con suetudin es Custo m ari o rfi ei u sde m Man e ri j ali qu dubi a fue ru n t ali qfi in cert a I dem Epfi s de

‘ con s en su eoru Cu stum ari o rii re cRi et s e rui c e t c o n su e t u di n e s o suit i n e t i n m a s e ui t arre n tav i t p certo for q q ,

d ui t viz . q q f Cu stu m ari u s do Man e rij preter illo s de quin q acris e t preter Custum ari o s de S au e sto n qui ten et vﬁ

’ ’ ferlin gat terr dabi t duo p an ﬁ pro li c en m arit an d ﬁ li as

as t am n a an am a e t o fﬁ c re o situr su i fr M er q ext pro p p ,

B e de lri e o ib us e m alib e t autum n alibu s aruris p y g , m esso i iba fact uri s e t c o o ptu r do m o rﬁ Cur e t m o le n d c arragi i s au eragij s e t alij s o perib u s e t co n su e tu di n ibﬁ

’ e xo n e ran d s m o l e n d e t e t o fﬁ c de cen ari , preter ect Cur j e t h eri e t a m m cui u slib e t ten en ti s post orte , duos solidos an d sex den ar . I t seem eth th at they could n o t m arry their daughters w n 1 s m an d a ithout lice se before thi ti e , the bishop rele sed th at servitude an d als o m an y kin ds of works that they should do an d to p ay ye arly i n res pect of th at disch arge

s n an d n two hilli gs sixpe ce for every farliug . They s ay als o th at the ten an t of this ten ure is to give

’ for in com e two ye ars ren t the Cus tom ary s ets down i n cert ain ﬁ v e shillin gs for every farliu g — which is after

1 S e e e s 1 a n d pag 9 47 . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 63

i l n an d n an n m a two sh l i gs sixpe ce per u , where s they m see to hold it but two shillin gs .

al a n a a ﬁ v e - a n There is so te ure c lled cre te ure , the custom whereof they preten d to be otherwi se th an the

m i . e . m a m a for er ( custo ry) , viz . where the for er p ys

’ the best beast for heriot after death , this pays o n e year s

’ n an d ﬁ n e m a n re t , where the of the for er is two ye rs re t ,

’ b ut n m a n m n o this is o e year s ren t . The Custo ry co ﬁr s

ai n al i n such cert ty , but together excepts it these words ,

P o suit i n certo (quod Custo m ari o s) et i n form a se qui t arren tav it preter ill o s de quin q acre et S alv e sto n .

’ N ote at had ( . ) [Whether left the Lord s will or this kn own custom before or whether brought i n by pre s n n n a a n m criptio there is othi g ppe rs to co fir it , but of thus kin d there is little l an ds ] The B arton ten ure they preten d to pay heriot an d fi n e a fi v - N n s the e acre ten ure doth . either is this te ure m n n i n m a n i s m m e tio ed the Custo ry . O ly it to be re e bered that n on e of these three form er ten ures c an alien their lan ds by deed but by surren der i n the Court of the

an am . M or if he doth , he forfeits this s e (N o te ) [I t m ay be thought that if it h ad been i h ten ded at the tim e of the cre ation of these Custom s th at

a n am an d B a n these two l st , ely Five Acre Old rto , should have h ad their ﬁn es an d ren ts certain they would as a n m as m a an d well h ve bee rem e bered the Custo ry , therefore it m ay be suppos ed th at these in st an ces of cert ain ties h ave n o good groun d ]

N — n n a a i n n s ew B arto n This te ure is o ly rbitr ble ( ) ﬁ e . Som e un cert ain ties h ave form erly appeared i n ren ts an d

n a B a n an a n o w ﬁ es , especi lly of the rto L ds , which be r the 64 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Ne w an a n a i n an title of d Old B rto , where s divers gr ts there appeareth n o distin ction but on ly hath the n am e of B arton .

’ (N o te ) “ [Sir George Sm ith s B arton l an d n o t dis ti n ui n I n all m n an d all g sh e d . A d so thi k the de es es arbitrabl e ] 1

’ ar ibili Willm G arson qui ten uit de dh o 4 ao r. terr r de B arton (n o t m en tion in g old or n e w) re ddi t i n m an us d i d Et a Walteri us ﬁ li us h de un ius Herriot XVI . poste

R n d n Agn e ti s e t Hugh Leyes cepit dé am terr edde i de p .

Cl 8 XX e t d at i n i n rﬁ 11 . An n . g This n othin g agrees with an y of their preten ded

— farlin s an an d s n m e s Custom s . Thirty three g of l d ixtee

a s a s an n an d ﬁ ft - su ge , thirty cre of l d , ﬁve hu dred y eight a a n s m a an d m a n i n cres of B rto , Cu to ry , Five Acre re i eth

’ the lord s h an ds three ye ars after the con stitution of the

m C m s n m an a n s as for er usto , bei g of so y sever l ki d Old

An d n i n B arton an d Five Acre . either of them put

s m a n cert ain but o n ly the Cus tom ary . The re t likely to re i ’ I i n s s n a n . n the lord free di positio , especi lly for ﬁ es the gen eral book the p articulars of this m an or sh all be m ore at l arge . I t is un fortun ate th at the gen eral book is n o t forth

n com i g . Whether as a sequel to the survey or for c auses a a m n m an was n lre dy deter i ed , the or sold by the Crow , an d i n the m iddle of the seve n teen th cen tury we ﬁ n d it i n s n a L e d i n h am m pos essio of W rwick g g , who see s to have experien ced con s ider able difﬁ culty i n de alin g satis facto ril n e w a n n n y with his cquisitio , owi g to the stro g position of the ten an ts an d to the loss of records durin g

War. m m was the Civil Ottery , it will be re e bered ,

1 S e e 6 page 6 . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 65 occupied for som e tim e by troops un der Fairfax ; an d the fact th at Exeter sheltered Queen Hen riett a M ari a an d was a al m a n a n a m n roy ist ilit ry ce tre , c used co sider ble fer e t

F 1 s 1 i n in the district . rom 67 0 on wards there are suit the Exchequer Court an d at the Exeter Assizes rel ative

i n L e d in h am a a to the property , which g g , ssoci ted with his

a an d n a a n a wife M ry their o ly child M rth , e de vours to

m n H a n n Cadh a an d co pel Gideo ydo , the ow er of y , other prin cipal ten an ts of the m an or to dis close the n ature of their obligation s an d dues . From the depos ition s we le arn th at the m an or records an d other deeds had been kept i n a chest or trun k s om e

i n a s a h ad n n where the p ri h , but th t they rece tly bee L abstracted from the custody of the bailiff . After e dg

n am am n n a s m n i gh c e i to possessio , it is s id by o e perso s th at he him self took ch arge of the rolls ; while others declared th at the chest w as broken open an d the con ten ts lost durin g the Civil W ar.

a m a a a n Wh tever y be the truth of these ccus tio s , m an y of the older m an or records h ad re c e n tly dis appe ared . Although it is expressly st ated th at the ten an ts are n o t

a a n m n m n s charged with the bstr ctio of the issi g docu e t , it

h ad n h ad a s m an d i s alleged th at they rece tly cces to the , it is prayed that they m ay be m ade to disclo s e the where abouts of the books an d to discover the n ature of their

n n an d n r , , te u e , the exte t of their holdi gs to deliver to the

n m m an best of their k owledge , the custo s of the or to the lord an d his steward .

’ i h am s was n o a On e of L e dg n g objects , doubt , to r ise

1 — — Tri . 1 Ch s . I I . Ch s . o Mich . 1 E ch e u e B ill s D e , 39 n , 5 a x q r , v n 4 a — — h s . I I . 6 8 Mic h . 1 6 C I I E ste 1 6 Ch s . I I . 8 , . 5 2 an d 5 3 a r , a 5 a S e e s re e re c es in sur e es I I . . Eas e r 1 8 Ch s . l o f v y o p g t , a 7 3 a n n a 66 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

n an d a an d re ts wherever possible , to substitute le ses ten ure at r ack ren t for custom ary holdin gs an d l an ds held

P a h ad a a a a a by in herit an ce . rob bly he p id l rge c pit l s um m an a i n a i n for the ori l rights , the belief th t Ottery , as i n a a an u a other pl ces , such ch ge could be bro ght bout

f n a a s without m uch di ﬁculty . He would tur lly be e pe ci all n s i n n as an d N e w B a n y i tere ted te ures , such Old rto ,

’ h ad n m a o n m n which grow up presu bly the lord s de es e , an d were held to be m ore s usceptible of bein g brought in to lin e with the con ception s of proﬁt able l an down in g

n am a n of the period . The wit esses were ex in ed t the sig

1 a I z ack E n of the Be ar i n Exeter . Rich rd of xeter k ows

ﬁ v e n i n m an an n of te ures the or , but c ot tell whether

’ n Vin i co b New B arto n i s of the lord s dem esn e . D a iel m e of Alphin gton kn ows th at Le dgi n gh am was proceeded again st i n the Crown Ofﬁce for t akin g excessive distresses an d n an s hi s n an d was n bei g oppres or of eighbours , fou d guilty o n three coun ts before Sir Matthew H ale or Judge

n o t n n o r Archer ; he does k ow who the jury were , if the

n an a m a n te ts l boured with the to procure verdict . Joh Elwill of Exeter s ays th at it is true th at som e of the in h abit an ts agreed to com bin e together to m ain t ain their rights an d the custom s of all the custom ary l an ds in

a m an . a am the s id or The widow of copyholder , Willi

P a a n n utt , s ys th t she holds copyhold of in herit a ce u der a m a a m n has n n m a rri ge settle e t , but ever bee for lly a m n an n n d itted te t . A other widow h as also n ever bee a m n o r m m n an n a d itted , su o ed to y court u til bout two

a s n a a n ye rs previou ly , whe she received p per directi g her

a n a a m to tte d with such le ses s she held . She see s to

1 E ch e u er D e sitio s W i i m x q po , a an d Ma Eas e , 1 , n 4 ll ry , t r 3 i n h m H d n L e d a v . a d g g ay on oth ers . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 67

a n a m an n o a h ve go e , but , like wise wo , she took p pers

an d was n o t a n an . with her , c lled upo to produce y On e of the m oot poin ts was the right of the ten an ts of

an a m copyhold to gr t le ses of their holdin gs . Fro the

a a m an — E m an survey , it is cle r th t y people xeter erch ts ,

a an d — n s l wyers , others were i ve tin g their m on ey i n copyhold lan d without an y in ten tion of residin g o n an d

l a n cu tiv ti g the properties them selves . The lord was obvi ously an xious to lim it their powers i n these di re c

n . ani Vi n i co m b e a a saw tio s But D el , fores id , believes he

a am 1 n was e m the decree of the St r Ch ber , whe he so

ployed as attorn ey for the ten an ts . He believes it ten ded to establish the custom of the s aid m an or for the ten an ts of the copyholds of in herit an ce to m ake leases of their

an a f o r a s m n a n copyhold l ds for ye rs , or ye r deter i ble upo

as n o r an d n m a n lives , so live y seisi were de upo such

as n n o t a h as m le es , but he k ows wh t beco e of the copy of

a e am I z ack th t decree . H believes S uel delivered up

m n L e d i n h am n a i n so e writi gs to g g , whe his est te the

m an or was en fran chiz e d . The loss of the records in volved the puttin g together

n ew an d n a n i n n of the survey re t l book , give the seco d

I t m a n n a p art of this volum e . see s to h ve bee begu bout

1 680 an d n a 1 6 a n a n s n ﬁ ished bout 93, lthough it co t i otes

1 1 m s m an d addition s down to 74 . Fro the cu to s of the

n i n a as te ures set out the ﬁrst p ges , it looks though the ten an ts h ad been succes sful i n preservin g i n their o wn

n m n at an d Le d i n h am had i terests ost of the poi ts issue , g g probably n o t m uch c ause for s atisfaction with the result

an n an n of his litigation . All ch ges of te cy occurri g durin g the seven teen th cen tury seem to h ave been care

1 V I Se e page 5 7 ; th e de c re e was give n du rin g th e reign o f H enry I I . 68 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

a an d n a o n e an n fully tr ced set dow , with the result th t c ot fai l to be struck with the con s t an t alteration s i n pro

ri e to rshi m a n p p , which would see to be r wit ess to the disturbed eco n om ic an d social con dition of the coun try durin g the seven teen th cen tury .

The eighteen th cen tury s aw the begin n in g of the

n a a m odern developm e t of griculture . Medi eval hus

b an dry h ad n o effective m ean s of keepin g Th e Mod e rn D d a n e e an . n v lop sheep c ttle through the wi ter He ce ,

m e n ts ' i n a a a n an m e ch ye r , the bu d ce of su m er an d autum n was followed by som ethin g like a fam in e i n

I n m win ter an d sprin g . the iddle of the seven teen th

n c a s n a n m ce tury Sir Ri h rd We to , fter studyi g the ethods

an a a n n n an d of Fl ders , dvoc ted the i troductio of tur ips

s n clover as ﬁeld crops . A upply of wi ter food could thus

a n an d n n n e w n be obt i ed , , by i terposi g the crops betwee

n n a n an as a those of cor , the eed for w sti g the l d f llow every third ye ar was obviated .

’ B ut n s a m a wa i n the Westo ide s de little y till ,

n n h ad eightee th ce tury , Jethro Tull discovered the advan t ages of drillin g in rows in s tead of s owin g broad a an d n e w m h ad n n n c st , the ethods bee i troduced i to Norfolk by en terprisin g l an down ers such as Lord Town s

n m he d . Slowly the i proved s ystem s pre ad over the

n a n a n e w m n cou try , ddi g i petus to the e closure of the

an an d a n n a e n d Midl ds , re chi g the West o ly tow rds the of the cen tury . Slow as the s pread of kn owledge was durin g the ﬁrst a n n an i n was h lf of the eightee th ce tury , the ch ge m ethod preceded by an in crease i n the area of till age which by

- a . a n an d itself r ised the food supply W stes were e closed ,

70 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY agriculture spread over the coun try to m eet the in cre asin g

m an s a m an d i n M an de d for f r produce , , the idl ds , where

was m n a a ﬁ there still uch ope r ble eld , the process of en closure was h asten ed en orm ously by the n ew m ethod

— n of En closure Acts en closures by legislatio .

I n m n was n o n a districts where uch e closure goi g , A d a m n a n was n a . n displ ce e t of popul tio i evit ble there ,

in m as s n a n too , so e c e , co solid tio of properties occurred, an d the n um ber of sm all occupiers an d own ers dim in

i n s as an a i sh e d . a n n Ag i , cou tie such L c shire , where the in dustri al developm en t of town s was proceedin g m ost a m an m a n an d m n e r pidly , y of the s ller ge try yeo e fre holders an d copyholders foun d it advan t ageous to sell

an a a at n a n n their cestr l cres the i ﬂ ted prices the curre t ,

n n n m an d en ter the busin es s of the eighbouri g tow . Fro such an origin of good yeom en stock rose m an y of the

c apt ain s of in dustry who led the in dustrial revolution .

a n n as a But , t ki g the cou try whole , the period of the Gre at War was drawin g to a close before the n um ber of

a n a s an n sm ll ow ers n d occupier beg seriously to dim i ish .

m a a m n a n o n a m a a The high prices de f r i g p y eve s ll sc le ,

n n m an d by was teful m ethods . The eed for the eco o y of production o n the l arge sc ale h ad n o t yet reached its full developm en t .

a m an d m an n But while the f r er , ore slowly the l dow er , ben eﬁted by the gre at rise i n agricultur al prices from

1 n a m m n a a 7 95 o w rds , the ti es were beco i g less f vour ble

n s a to the i tere ts of the l bourer . I n those districts where en closure was proceedin g at a

a n n n m an as an o n r te u k ow before , y pe ts lost their hold

m n i n n the l an d . Allot e ts lieu of com m on rights were ofte

m a n n too s ll to be worth the expe ses i volved , while the A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 7 1

an m n a n a ch ge of syste , eve though for better , i evit bly

a an d a m n a produced h rdship displ ce e t of popul tion . B ut en closure was on ly o n e aspect of the ch an ge th at was a n p ssi g over the whole coun try . Methods of agri

m o f m an a a n culture , like ethods uf cture , were p ssi g out

m a V a n of the do estic st ge . ill ge i dustries , by which the a h ad n n m n s l bourer bee wo t to supply so e of his eed , were

a i n a m n a dec y g f st , killed by the co petitio of che per a -m a An d a f ctory de goods . , though griculture could still be carried o n with a m e asure of success by an tiqu ated

i n war— a a was a n as processes ow g to prices , coll pse cert i

n as soo prices fell .

N m n a a a . n a o i l w ges , it is true , rose f st They e rly

i - ﬁ v i n n n e a . am m doubled twe ty ye rs But , the s e ti e ,

d n s a a the prices of food ha e arly trebled . Thu re l w ges

’ h ad a n an a a f lle , while the cill ry sources of the l bourers

a n m an d n a am n n a n tot l i co e ge er l e ities were co tr cti g , or h ad van ished altogether .

I n 1 m a n 795 , to eet the prev ili g distress , the Berkshire m agistrates took the fat al step of en de avourin g to ﬁx a

a m n n a fair w ge by supple e ti g w ges out of the rates .

N a P a am n an n n an d ext ye r rli e t s ctio ed this pri ciple ,

n a I open ed the door to in discrim i te outdoor relief . n

n n a a - a a the ext ﬁftee ye rs , the tot l poor r te rose r pidly , an d a cat astrophe waited but the arrival of a period of agricultural depression to overwhelm the l abourin g

n population an d h alf ruin the whole ation .

n a an i n 1 8 1 n The i evit ble crisis beg 3, eve before the

An a n an a a a en d war . of the bu d t h rvest reve led the f ct ,

n a a b ad a a n co ce led by series of ye rs , th t the productio

P a n m an . of cor could exceed the de d rices fell r pidly ,

- an d the value of farm in g stock s an k by n e arly o n e h alf . 72 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

M an y farm ers an d l an down ers were ruin ed ; all reduced

m an a their expen s es o n every side . The de d for l bour

s as s was s n an s fell , ju t the upply wolle by thous d of dis charged soldiers an d s ailors an d other workers em ployed

r a s m 1 8 1 directly or in directly by the wa . The ye r fro 5 to 1 835 were som e of the worst the En glish coun tryside h ad n n k ow . W ages s an k as they were subsidized m ore an d m ore I m a . a a n fro the r tes Whole p rishes were p uperized . o n e m an a a n n a was n , every s ve si gle i dividu l receivi g

an d n n was a a relief , eve his fortu e swept w y by the

n ch arges o n it . The fu d from which rates were drawn was a m n a an d n n a cle rly beco i g exh usted , the co ditio w s

n a desperate . The u ivers l m isery bl azed up i n riot an d

ﬁ re over the coun try .

m a an d e To the s ll freeholders copyhold rs , whether

n m n as an s a n ge try , yeo e , or pe t , the ye rs of depressio , with

n a a a n a a n m their crushi g lo d of t x tio , were f t l . Their u bers an a an d a 1 8 1 m a a a n o n s k r pidly , fter 3 s ll c pit lists lo ger

m a bought l an d . The stor could be we thered on ly by a n s a a an d l rge ow er , or we lthy tr ders who bought sup

an m n a n m ported l d with o ey e r ed fro other sources . The

a day of l arge e st ates h d begun .

m n a s n s m a . a n Slowly ig of i prove e t ppe red Legisl tio , a o n m m s n 1 8 a b sed the report of the Co i sio of 34 , repl ced

Law o n a n a s 1 8 6 a the Poor sou der b si . By 3 gricultural pros perity was begin n in g to revive an d advan ce on ce

i n n e w a . m ore , though p ths

I n 1 8 6 n a s m a m an s a 4 the Cor L w , which , fro e of ste dy i n h ad n 1 8 1 m an g prices , si ce 5 beco e fr kly protective ,

I n a were repe aled . the bs en ce of m uch foreign co m

n a a o i n an petitio , the ver ge price cor showed little ch ge , A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 73

a f was a an d a 1 8 but the psychologic l e fect gre t , the ye rs 49 U to 1 85 3 were a period of depression . n der the stim u

m an War an d m 1 8 lus of the Cri e prices rose , fro 5 3 to 1 862 En glish agriculture re ached its highest poin t of I m effectiven ess an d prosperity . proved m ethods spread

n a a n e w an d throughout the cou try , r ilw ys brought grow i n m a n a a a a g rkets withi re ch of rur l re s , the gold dis co v eri es a a an d a n a a of Austr li C lifor i r ised prices , the

as n s as a n ew se o whole were good , breeds of stock were a a f n s an d era a m n d pted to di fere t purpo es , the of high f r i g

a a far a a a i n an pl ced British griculture he d of th t other l ds .

m 1 862 1 8 was n n n n Fro to 74 the tide begi i g to tur , an d from 1 874 on wards for thirty ye ars agricultural

n w m n n an d depressio as acute . The develop e t of foreig

n a - s an d m a m m n colo i l food supplie , the rvellous i prove e t i n m a an s a n the ethods of overse tr port tio , ﬂooded the

n a m m a an d n an a cou try with che p food , while co erci l ﬁ ci l crises affected both directly an d in directly those depen d

n t e o n the lan d .

The are a un der corn r apidly shr an k . L an d was l aid

n a o n all an d an d a was dow to gr ss sides , poor he vy soil

a a a left to revert to its n atur l st te of rough p sture .

a m n an n m an d F r ers were rui ed , l dow ers i poverished

a a s f a s e t - a driven to sell their est tes , l bourers u fered b ck i n s m m n i n n n an d the low i prove e t their co ditio , their

- u h short lived trade un io n coll apsed . A period of

I n m m relieved gloom spre ad over the l an d . for er ti es

n m e t n a n a a n an d depressio could be by tio l ctio , , if the actual ﬁght with econ om ic c au s es were som etim es of

a a n a s n was n little v il , the feeli g th t the po itio u derstood

G n m n an d a s m n was n by the over e t , th t o ethi g bei g

n h ad a a a a . do e , re l psychologic l v lue 74 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

B ut the dis astrous se ason of 1 879 foun d the in terests

n a n a i n am an of the tio irretriev bly div ded i to two c ps , urb

n a was n an d rural . The cry of the tow s for che p food o t m oderated by an y com prehen sion of rural con dition s or

a n s an d a a was a rur l eed , the welf re of griculture s criﬁced to a doctrin aire theory of free trade as dis astrously as it n o w thre aten s to be s acriﬁ ced o n the recrudescen ce of a system

n an d of protection . Misu derstood deserted by those to

m a h ad a a n o n who politic l power p ssed , griculture e tered

a s a a its tim e of dversity hopeles s well s crippled . S ave for a slight an d tem por ary revival from 1 883 to

1 8 0 s n a a 9 , the period of depres io l sted till the ﬁrst ﬁve ye rs

h a a of the twen tieth cen tury d p ssed . Though n ever so severe i n the p as toral West as i n the till age l an ds of East

n a b ad a a n A gli , the thirty ye rs ffected the whole cou try . The n in eteen th cen tury s aw the virtual dis appe aran ce of the few tr aces th at survived of the an cien t m an orial

a n a an d r system . The lter te periods of prosperity de p es sion each h asten ed the m ovem en t towards sim plicity of an - n an d a n s l d te ure , the dec y of restrictio of which the

m n a m ean in g had v an ished . The oder pl n of freehold

n an d a a a m n ow ership , short le ses or ye rly gree e ts for

n an a a am n a . m a n n te cy , gr du lly bec e u ivers l All the re i i g

n open ar able com m o ﬁelds were divided an d en closed .

s n an an an d a m am Sub iste ce husb dry v ished , f r s bec e m a i n am m erely f ctories of food , which the s e ethods n eeded i n urb an in dustry bec am e n ecess ary an d then un ivers al . The e n fr an chisem en t of copyholds by m utu al agree m n was a a 1 8 1 an d m a co m e t f cilit ted by the Act of 4 , de pul s o ry o n the m otio n of either l an dlord or copyholder by

m 1 8 2 1 8 n n other Acts fro 5 to 94 . Te a ts were secured A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 75 com pen s ation for im provem en ts by several Acts sin ce

1 8 an d n n n n n 75 , thus the i co ve ie ce of lo g le ases ceased to

f n n m be o fset by the eed for security of te ure . The edi e a m an i m m v l or , w th its picturesque ultiplicity of custo s ,

n an d a ar n al a n n i terests , s fegu ds , ﬁ ly p ssed i to the busi ess

m m n n like , co petitive oder cou tryside .

B ut n o w as an at . , ever , ch ge is work The South African gold-m in es an d the exten sion an d im provem en t of system s of credit h ave ch‘eapen ed m on ey an d so raised

a are m n n . n prices . Fixed ch rges beco i g less o erous Scie ce applied to agriculture h as in creased the yield of our ﬁelds

an d B ad a m a n a ﬂocks . f r ers h ve bee squeezed out by h rd

m an d a m a n n ti es , those th t re i joi with the best of the risin g gen eration i n t akin g advan t age of the ﬁrst sign s of

Em a n h as a n return in g prosperity . igr tio dr i ed our

s are n d n . a a a cou tryside Good l bourer sc rce , those that rem ain o n the l an d are begin n in g to be con scious

that the l abourer is worthy of his hire .

n a ai n n n a a all Moreover , o ce g the old otio th t fter m en m ay be a m ore valuable asset to a n atio n th an m o n ey is begin n in g to be m ooted ; an d m an y of those who den oun ce feudalism are heard pre achin g the old feudal

m axim th at ri ghts con fer duties . The legi slature h as tried to re - establish the sm all

a m a n n . m holder, with wh t success re i s to be see Sche es of lan d reform an d rural housin g— n o t always m arked — i by kn owledge of the problem s to be solved are in the a r.

n En an To h ave traced in outli e the history of glish l d ,

n o n e a a an d to h ave studied i n det ail the fortu es of re ,

a m a a a the M an or of Ottery St M ry , y help us to pl y m ore useful part i n the social tran sform ations of the

twen tieth cen tury . 76 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

SOME BOOKS CONSULTED DURI NG THE PREPARA TI ON OF THE I NTRODUCTORY CHAPTER

E s V a m m . m . n n Seeboh , F The gli h ill ge Co u ity E s a m n as an d s n n . Prothero , R . K . gli h F r i g, P t Pre e t E a a n . Round , H . Feud l ngl d a T e a an e Tawn . h y , R Agr ri Revolution of the Sixt enth

Cen tury . E m La a d I s er m n n n . Go n n . . . , C K Co o d nclo ure i o rado ff o a Ed V n . . the g , P The Gr wth of the M nor itor of d s L a an a s Oxford Stu ie in eg l d Soci l Hi tory . m s a a d a s . o . n . . M itl d , F W Collecte P per Three v lu e d a E s a m n an . n n Webb , Sid ey Be trice ngli h Loc l Gover e t , The ’

n s wa an d o o s . Ki g High y , ther w rk i a Mo n astico E m s . Dugd le . n . ght volu e H es o n - a o E o a s in t n . . E s g R d lph , F C xeter pi c p l Regi ters i Gran d sso n .

V a s o s— n . . ictori Cou ty Hi t rie Devon , vol i

s r s . Oliver . Hi to ic Collection s h N s and a s Corni h , Rev . S . W . S ort ote on the Church P ri h a of Ottery St M ry . da o f o f t e s i a a s s o m m . a n h Hi tor c l M nu cript C ission C le r MSS .

an a d a l s . Ed . . . . De n Ch pter of We l W . H B Bird

A SURVEY OF TH E M AN OR

RECORDS OF THE MANOR

THE existi n g records of the M an or consist of two bundles of s n ain n o r u d skin s is a roll co t i g two three h n red . There sm all fragm ent preserved s eparately dated in the reign of

E a I I . l s are a o i n dw rd On the whole , the rol legible , lth ugh places they have suffered considerably from dam p an d careless a a s d s m s in a h n dli ng. The e rlie t bun le ee to beg bout the reign R ar an d m s an e n d im E a of ich d co e to in the t e of liz beth . The sec on d bundl e covers the subsequent peri od down to the in n n h o a beg ning of the eightee th ce tury , when t in foli p per o s s a l s s o bo ks were ub tituted for p rchm en t rol . The e bo ks were kept wi th care down to the m iddl e of the eighteen th

n ri s i ful an d . a a century , the e t e be ng l frequent Then r pid e ri a s s in an d n a s the in d te or tion et , by the ope ing ye r of n e teenth century the in terest of them has dwi n dled alm ost to a a s n - v n i hi g poin t . are a s a m an s m s a n m There l o two l rge u cript volu e , d ti g fro e n d s n n i a m a a addi o the of the eventee th ce tury , w th rgin l ti n a 1 h s m s e an d wn 0 . h re there , do to bout 74 T e e two volu e , which seem to be iden tical in con tents in Spite of sli ght differ ence s in an a an d a a m n n ai an a o all l gu ge rr nge e t , co t n cc unt of the ten em ents payin g dues to the M an or at the tim e o f the m l a n n am s as r m a co pi tio , with the e of the l t two , th ee , or , it y

- a e n s . are a s n be , h lf doz n ow er They pref ced by the etti g forth of the term s of the various tenures an d by an extensive a a s the a li n s but in com plete in dex of n m es . P rt of e r er e trie are in a n s m m s s o u a a a a L ti , o eti e of corr pt ch r cter th t one receives a strong im pressio n of an ign orant scribe co pyin g by sight from docum en ts of whi ch he di d not understand two s sm al an ua . the l g ge Of the copie , the one with the ler am ount of corrupt Latin has been selected for transcriptio n an a a s d n lysi . 8 0 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

SOCCAGE TENURE 1

A THE NATURE OF THE TEN URE OF S OCC GE .

The Tenants o f the Tenure of Soccage within this Manor are Freeho lders whereo f s o m e are An tien tly such by proscriptio n a a others are such but of N ew Cre tion by Ch rters . I st A o s do o we s o . The ncient Freeh lder uit unt the Lords Courts from Three weeks to Three weeks within the said Man o r to be held And do pay certain An cien t An nual Rents And upo n Death or Ali en atio n One Years Quitt Rent for a Relief with Fe alty as in the Rental of the said Man or is m ore particularly expressed . 2n d New a s do s a . The Cre ted Freeholder owe uch Suit nd Services an d do pay such Ren ts per Annum an d Relief o r Herriotts upo n Death or Alien ation as are Respectively Reserved i n their Charters an d Deeds by whi ch they hold the Freehold of their Tenem ents as in the Rental of the said Mano r are a a s p rticul rly expre sed .

CUSTOMARY TENURE

THE N ATURE OF THE TEN URE OF CUSTOMARY

s a a a an an s o f the Fir t . Th t every Ten nt th t holdeth y L d s aid Tenure shall do Suit un to the Lords Courts fro m Thre e weeks to Three weeks within the said Man or of Ottery St a M ry to be held . u d a r s a s a s n ds z . Th t eve y uch Ten nt h ll do uit u to the Lor a a Mills withi n the s id M nor . Where suit to the Lords Mill s within the Mano r is due by Tenure And the Lord Alien eth the Mill s with the suit o f the Ten an ts thereunto And Afterwards Erecteth N ew Mills within the Manor the Ten ants m ust do suit to the Lords New Mills ’ a s e s by Reason of the Tenure of their L nd . Fitzherb rt t ° ’ Grand Abridgm Title Assize 399 1 9 Edward 2 Co ke s th Ne a o 88 ll s as . w Repo rts Lib . 4 b Luttre C e See the B rt n t Ledger of Ottery folio (3) where is Serj Mayn ards Opinio n a Ef to the s m e fect . a s n a s s a a n s his 3rd . Th t every uch Te nt h ll p y the Re t in Copy Expressed which are after the Rate of Two Shilli ngs

1 Th e custom s o f th e Man or an d th e e n tri e s re fe rri n g to the lan ds h e ld by soc c age te n ure h ave b e e n tran scrib e d i n fu ll ; an d som e o f th e L ati n c ontrac te d form s h ave b e e n e xp an d e d to m ak e thi s part o f th e h e e r su rvey m ore i n t e lligbl e to t e g n al re ad e r. A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 8 1

Sixpence for each Farthi ng of Lan d an d payable Yearly at the 1 1 a 8 n d an d a E a s Fe st of A rew the Hockd y by qu l portion . a s a a 4th . Th t every uch Ten n t sh ll pay Herriotts upon their a h n s s Vi z De t , Surre der or Forfeiture ( . ) for every Tenem ent o n e r s as s o f thei Be t Be t . But if any Man hold Lands of the said Tenure in Right of hi s Wife an d she happen to Dye livi ng her Husband in Such (case) no Herriott i s to be paid But in Cas e the Husband Happen to Dye i n the life tim e of his Wife then a Herrio t i s ai n hi s a to be p d upo De th . Al so if an y such Ten ant hold Lands of the said Te nure whilst such Ten an t shall live Chast an d Un m arried Acco rdin g to the Custom such Ten an t upon his Death Surrender o r For feiture shall pay a Herri ot But no Widow upon her M arriage a a sh ll p y an y Herriott . a s an his a sth . Th t every uchTen tupon orher Adm itt nce shall pay Two Years Qui tt Rent for a Fine of I ncom e But no Widow o Adm itan ce as a d s all a an ﬁn e o f I o m up n her ( Wi ow) h p y y nc e . 6th a s a fo r r s m s a . Th t every uch Ten nt eve y uch Tene ent h ll e o rm fﬁ T thin m an As ir s o e p rf the O ce of y g , the Turn g About e the m a b ing thereunto presented by Ho ge . h a s a a s d o f 7t . Th t every uch Ten nt for the L nd he Hol eth the s ai d Tenure shall have Com m on of pasture upo n the Lords Waste within the said Manor Res pectively for Sheep an d Oxen Onl y After the Rate of 25 Sheep an d 2 Bull o cks for e ach Farthin g of Lan d which he Holdeth of the said Tenure o f s m a Cu to ry . a an a a to the 8th . Th t every such Ten t ought to p y Ye rly Sheri ff of the County of Devon One Halfpenny for every Farthin g of Lan d of the s aid Tenure call ed o f Old tim e Auxilli m u .

t a t e a s a the d 9 h . Th t upon h De th of every uch Ten nt Wi ow ’ an d Reli ct ought to hold he r s aid (late Husband s Lan ds of ri d the said Tenure so long as she shall li ve Chas t an d Unm ar e . An d the Husband holdi ng L ands of the s aid Tenure in Right of his Wife shall also hold the sam e after the Death of his Wife so long as he will li ve Chast an d Un m arrye d .

1 — Th H ck d s H o chﬁ d e th e se c n d Tu esd f er E s e r. e o ay , al o o ay a t a t Th e re i s Ge rm n e rm H o chz ei t an d a Swe drsh derivati on i s ob scure . a a t

t l . I n w rd H o t d ; b h m e n high day an d are e qui v e n fes i va o g y ot a al t to ‘ — som e parts o f E n glan d th e cu s tom o f lifti ng p asse rs by an d e xtracti n g Th e w rd i s s s m e i m e s a coi n from th e m se e m s to h ave p revai le d . o al o o t h D n e s an d con n ecte d wi th th e c om m e m orati o n o f a vi c tory ove r t e a th e r o f s rts an d m e rrim e n whi ch e ri se the w rd s p evale n ce po t, gav to o ho axi ng an d H o x Tuesday . 8 2 A MAN OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

l o th a L a s sa n s a s n d . Th t the nd of the id Te ure h ll De ce unto the Youngest Son of the First Belly an d to hi s Heirs an d if there be n o Son then to the Youngest Daughter o f the sam e Bell y an d to her Heirs the Youngest I nheriting before the Elder both in the Direct an d Collateral Line And the First Be lly being Always preferred befo re the latter Belly so as A Daughter of the First Belly an d her I ssue shall I nherit befo re a a the Son of Second or l ter Belly .

FIVE- ACRE TENURE THE NATURE OF THE TEN URE OF FIVE ACRE

s a a a an a ds Fir t . Th t every Ten nt th t holdeth y L n of the s aid Tenure shall do suit unto the Lo rds Court fro m Three Weeks to Three weeks within the s aid Manor of Ottery 5 1 Mary to be held . z ud a s a s m s a . Th t every uch Ten nt for every uch Tene ent h ll perform the Ofﬁ ce of Al e Taster as their Turns go es About a being thereun to presen ted by the Hom ge . rd a s a s a a E ss d 3 . Th t every uch Ten nt h ll p y the Rent xpre e hi s are a a 2 S fo r s in Copy which fter the r te of Five Acre . a s an o a h d o r 4th . Th t every uch Ten t up n De t Surren er s a a a a s Forfeiture h ll p y for Herriot one ye r Quit Rent . th a s n a m a shall a o n e 5 . Th t every uch Te nt upon Ad itt nce p y Years Quitt Rent for a Fine of I ncom e But no Wido w upo n a a I e her Adm itt nce (as a Wido w) sh ll pay an y Fine of nco m . 6th a a s a hi s do w . Th t upon the De th of every uch Ten nt Wi an d Reli ct shall ho ld her late Husbands Lands o f the said a a a a d An d the Tenure so long s she sh ll live Chast n d Unm rrie . Husband Holding Lands of the s aid Tenure in Right o f hi s Wife shall also ho ld the s am e after the Death of hi s Wife so a a a Long as he sh ll live Chas t n d Un m rrye d . th a La ds sa s a l s d o 7 . Th t the n of the id Tenure h l De cen unt the Y o un gest Son of the First Belly an d to hi s Heirs An d if there be no So n then to the Youngest Daughter o f the s am e Bell y an d to her Heirs The Youngest I nheriting befo re the E an d a a n lder both in the Direct Coll ter l Ly e .

OLD BARTON TENURE

THE NATURE OF THE TEN URE OF OLD BARTON

s E a a d an L a s o f the sa d Fir t , very Ten nt th t Hol eth y nd i Tenure shall do suit unto the Two Leets or Lawday Courts d within the s aid Manor to be Held as hath been Accustom e . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 83

a z ud . Th t every such Ten an t shall do Suit unto the Lords i l s i sai a M l with n the d M nor . rd a s a a 3 . Th t every uch Ten nt do p y his Ren t in hi s Co py E s xpre sed . h a t . s an n a r 4 Th t every uch Ten t upo De th , Su render or a a a r On e a s Alien tion do p y for Her iot Ye r Quitt Rent . th a s an o dm a o a f a s . Th t every uch Ten t up n A itt nce d p y o r Fin e of I ncom e One Years Quitt Rent But n o Widow Upon m a s a a an n I m her Ad itt nce h ll p y y Fi e of nco e . 6th a o a h s a his do . Th t up n the De t of every uch Ten nt Wi w an d Reli ct shall hold her late Husbands Lands o f the s am e Tenure for the Term of her Life An d the Husband ho ldi ng Lands of the sai d Tenure in Right of hi s Wife shall als o ho ld a a his t e m o f his the s am e fter the De th of Wife for h ter life . h a La s the s a sha s e d 7t . Th t the nd of id Tenure ll De c n unto the Eldest Son of the First Bell y an d to his Heirs an d if there be no so n then to the Eldest D aughter o f the s am e Belly an d to her Heirs an d in like Manner bo th in the Direct an d Co llateral

Lin e . A torn note pin n ed on the succeedi ng page states

1 6 a s o r 2 6 a es 1 One Hide o f Land n am ely ( F rthing 5 cr ) . s Each Farthing containing 1 6 A(cre ) . One yard co ntg ffo ur Farth g a Farthing cont 1 6 cres .

SOCCAGE TENURE

The Man o r o r Barto n of Ho l co m be con taining o n e Hide o f Vi z 1 6 ffarthi n s o f Lan d ( . ) g Land Each Farthin g Co n taing 1 6 acres of Land lyin g at Ho l co m be held in So ccage by the d Yearly Rent of 1 1 8 I payable at the Feast of the Nativity of S t Jo hn Baptist an d Suit unto the Co urt of the s aid Man o r from 3 weeks to 3 weeks £0 1 1 1

1 th e f wi n m e asu re m e n ts : From th e two ﬁ rs t e n tri e s we gle an ollo g

f r hi n s o f 1 6 cre s e ch . On e hi de c on tai n s 2 5 6 ac re s o r 1 6 a t g a a r On e y ard c on tai n s 6 4 ac e s . hi n s h e re f re f r hi n i n hi s M n r I S On e yard c on tai n s 4 fart g ; t o a a t g t a o o f rd an d h e re are f ur rds i n hi de . the fourth p art a y a , t o ya a 84 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

N o te I n am a . C er Sirij

m as . 28 E Rn e Ter ino P che . liz . 5 th May See an Order fo r the Waterco urses from Holcom be to the Town of Ottery m ade between the Ten an ts an d I h habitan ts of Ottery and John

Eveleigh Gent . Vide other e - sid No . 8 o hio n a e resentatur H . R . 5 . Obit J Ke d l p n m ssa qui te uit pre i . i o o h . 9 H . R . 7 . Obit J Moore 20 Ma 1 o hio o y 9 Obit J M ore .

H . R . 2 No v 2 o E ar 5 . 9 Obit J hn veleigh . El Rn e iz . . Car e o r i E ar 8 . G . 7 Dec . Obit g j veleigh qui I n ss E R . . co ce it Georgio veleigh qui ven didit Ho m frido Wal Hum fridus Waldro nd droud . e didi t E v n Gilberto veleigh . 6 ilbti E 1 2 . G 9 Oct . 7 Obit veleigh qui per Testam entum suum dedit prem issa Willo Eveleigh sen r e t cujus obit prem issa descen d a E f eb nt Willo veleigh jun . l E 1 2 1 April 1 680 . Obit Wi li veleigh jun qui habuit duas ﬁ li as qu arum ' sen 1 ﬁli a habuit prem issa pro e j us vo lun tate m vel con ces sio n em e t cepit in viru m quon dam Thom as Hobbs qui m ortuus est e t An n Hobbs d a us . a ej us Vid . h bet j pre a i de m i lici m iss n ffeo S m p .

d o an a n n 2 . Gi e n Sher The M or or B rto of K ight ‘ m an Es 1 s a n 2 a ds an d , q tone Cont ini g Y r of Lan d lyin g at Knight Vi z 1 0 a s ston e ( . ) F rthing of 1 6 Lan d Each Farthing cont . Acres of Lan d held in Soccage

1 d The e n tri es o n th e back si d e o f th e page s have b e en i ncorporate i n the te xt .

86 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

I Edw 6 n a s n a in e . R . . Fi li Co cordi ter H nri a o s et 111 c um 2 M rq . D r t W a em issis Sherm n de pr . 1 Martii 30 I n quisi o de le Watercours e in E ate rle tt La e m . W liz . R n or Holco be i tsto n e m ad Kn gh e ow .

s s z sim ili s I n uisi o 1 9 Augu ti 30 Sili ( ) q . E liz . R . 6 u n ii 1 s I n ui sio J 3 Sili q . E R e n . liz . 8 Co m issi o n a a 7 , , 9 Sep A bout the W ter tem bre 1 680 d at w . execute Ottery Bet een m a W . L . G . Sher n . See I s aac Wares Letter 1 1 Sept

1 680 . 1 Car Pre sen tatur O d n April 7 . bit Gi eo Sher R 1 m an et E a e u Vid e . s t _ liz beth j . reli cta cl am at prem issa dur a a V a su a e t adm ittitur nt it . 0 l 1 6 Presen tatur d o 3 Apri 79 . obit Gi e n Sher a ar ﬁli t m n . e di c j Hered . m a toru . Gideon Sher n et El a h o bi t s exitu iz bet j ine .

S1 a The a o n Cla erntale o n . 3. W lter B rt of p C t a o n e an L at Young B rt . hide of L d ying Clapern etal e Held in So ccage by the Yearly Rent o f 1 011 a a a m Vi z at p y ble t 2 Ter s ( . ) the Feast of St Andrew an d the Hockday And Suit unto the Courts o f the s aid Mano r of Ottery St Mary fro m 3 Weeks to 3 Weeks £0 10 0 h uper in Ten ura Phillipi ha n o a o n C n n , Rici Ch n , han o a a o C n , M rg ret Alf rd, Melchis edick Al d e Vid for t . Walterii Yo un g B aro netti . Margeri a B e a-uch amp ponet loco su o Sym o n dus Lewes ad d e sso n . in e t res o deas Cur . p n pro e a e t facere service pro se e t Thom as Beaucham p ﬁli o N A MA OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 87

c o a s a a suo ujus Cust di ip h bet , C ur. in O er De Cur . de tt ie pro terris et tentis de Clo b ern al et l a W le de t e yl . Vi the s — N other ide o . 3. Walter Yon ge pro Rel evi o pro Wille et Clo 1 B ar bem etale £0 1 2 7 vi zt pro Will e 118 1111 pro Clo bernetale x xii ii 8 Hen . R . 5 . Obit Rici Chalons qui tenuit dim id remisso rum Hide p . 1 He n . . . an s 7 R 7 Obit Jo e Forte cue vid . qui n rcell rm i ssem te uit p p . H 1 1 en . 8 . o hio s R . Obit J Fort e cue qui tenuit m e di atatem uni us hide et x9 et m as Rel . quod Tho For

tescue eius ﬁlius e st heres . Presen tatur le Purchas e de Clo bem etale pro Ri cus Chanon C a i m de Ro bto h r o sibi hered . e t a n im tm ssig pp etc . Prese ntatur obit Phili p Chanon et quod Ri cus Chan n on ej us ﬁli us et heres cl am at pre m issa et adm ittitur et (si c) ad faciend Fideli tatem Wal terus Young Barro n ettus pro ssa qui s i (si c) prem i .

a The Barton of Ai sh Con t . H lf a Hide of Lan d lyin g at Ai sh Held in Soccage by the Yearly Rent of 5 S payable at Two z at as Term s (Vi . ) the Fe t of St An drew an d the Hock Day an d Suit un to the Courts of the said Man or of Ottery St Mary from 3 weeks to 3 weeks a Obit Jo hio P rker . a Obit Ali n e P rker . Park er Obit Ricij . 88 MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Jobes Un derdo n et Thom a Bran gwin perquisi o erun t prem issa a Cartam di Ric . P rker per a ii eren tem Dat 4 Jul 8 Hen . g — h s a e t a a R . 7 . Ric P rker Jo nn u x e us r uisio eran t . j pe q pre a derdo n e m iss de Johe . Un t Bran win Car er Tho . g per . g dat lii n 1 u 8 . . . e tem . 3 J H R 7 Presen tatur obit Rici Parker qui co n unctim cum an n a ux j Jo . e us er i a Vi de j tenuit p m ss . o other side N . 4 . P e sen tatur l ar i 1 66 r . Apr l 3. obit Wil i Putt lu ﬁli us o et Wil s Putt Gen . di ti Willi Putt clam at prem issa et im tm sibi hered . pp per Testam entum et ultim um Vo lun tatem ipsius Willi Putt patris sui et adm ittitur sed ﬁ delitas e j us res pectu atur a est a Eta e qui infr t m . Obit Willi Putt presen tatur 2 1 a 2 4 Oct 4 J cobi R . .

n Ha a n Cadh a 5 . Gideo y The B rto of y (with the do n Esqr appurten ances) Con tainin g One Hide of Lan d lyin g at Cadhay held in Soccage by the Yearly Rent of 8 SI payable at Two m s Vi z at Ter ( . ) the t Feast of S Andrew an d the Hock day an d Suit un to the Courts of the s aid Manor o f 1 Ottery S Mary from 3 Weeks to 3 Weeks n M ar i n (I g ) . See m y En g lish Bill again st Gideon H aydon in the Exchequer 1 690 an d hi s Answer co n cernin g Cadhay an d all hi s Copyhold Lands an d Ten e m ents See the Order of the t 20 n 1 6 1 Cour Ju e 9 . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 89

See in M1 Coo kes offi ce in the Com m on Pleas Mid s Term 0 Ca Rue 2 a d m eh 2 r. e urrer tered in an Avo urye against Haydon abt his Fealty for the a Cadh a a M nor of y . T . Sp rke

was . Clerke in Court for W L .

a a Obit Hen rici C dh y . o hes Cadh a s s m J y ur u redd . Thom e Clode et Phillip S o rd t fo .

2 2 8 a a n ﬁ alien av i . . n n t H R . Jo Gree eld m B a m et al Vi de Tho e be e . No s . 5 , other ide . Presen tatur obit Jobis Haydon ar Man o rum . qui tenuit de Cadha 1 6 Ferli n sterre y cont . g in i So cca i o et l bo g . Rel . d R btu a ar e us q o s H ydon . j co n sa ui em et d Vi z n g n her . . s a ar ﬁlius Filius Tho H ydon . ' o a Sen 1 Fra Th rn . H ydon Ar . i s di c o hii a d clam at tr . J H y on prem iss a e t adm ittitur et fecit

ﬁ delitem .

P e n tatur Ro bti a o 1 2 Car. r se 5 Dec . obit H yd n 1 a t <1 a n ar 2 r. e . R . q Gideon H ydo iu e s r Ro bti ﬁl s t here p dic . clam at m ssa s d pre i ibi here . et Assi n i im tm g . pp in libo Soccage et adm ittetur et (si c) a Fi e a ad f cien d d lit te m . Presentatur Obit Gideon Hay do ar et su ho c n . p . Gideon ﬁli us e a a e us se n . t H ydon r. j e c l am at m ssa et her d . pre i adm ittitur et fecit Fideli a ri 1 tatem 2 1 J n j 665 .

The Moiety of the Barton of No rthwell alias Littlewell

1 r R 1 An e rror fo r 2 Ca . . . 90 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

n a i n an Co t . One F rth g of L d lyingat No rthwell Alias Little well Held ih Soccage by the Yearly Ren t of 1 8 1 a payable at m s V at Two Ter ( iz . ) the Feas t of St Andrew and the Hock day an d Suit unto the Courts of the said Man or of Ottery Saint Mary from 3 Weeks to 3 Weeks £0 Edw‘1 Mar eri a a am o 10 33 R . 3. g Be uch p p . . suo m ad esse di . Sy on Lewes n in s e a et Cur . re pondent pro facere se rviti a pro se et Thom as Beaucham p suo ﬁli o cujus Custodia ips a habet de Otterie Ste Cur . in Cur . de ‘ Marie pro Terris et terxtis de

C o bern e al t La . l t e e Wyll e .

pro Re levi o pro Wyll e viz . Clo b e rn e tale xiis Vi d Wyll e 2 6 Clo bern e tale 5 0 1 H a s . 7 en . R . 7 . Obit Joh nne Forte cue Vid He 8 o hi o s et m as 1 n . 1 . R . Obit J Forte cue Tho “ ﬁli us e st x . ejus heres Rel . iii 6 ill us r er uisit 1 Edw . . . R W Strob idge p q pre a Xto her m iss de p More .

2 No v 2 o hi o E h ar. 4 . 9 Obit J veleig

Eliz .

8 Car ii E . 7 Dec . . Obit Georg veleigh 1 R . . Sarah Sto fo rd m odo tenen pre m i ssa

e su a i u e dim idus u M s . t Un . g e t B m Vir at hide terre i id . g a a Fluxto n terre j cen . pud cum Fth que con tin en t Decem n Tenura Ferli g. Terre . de o a i S cc . libi . g j Re ddi t post m ortem Tenen tis vel alien as o n pro Relievio Re ddit arm 1 etc . per . N A MA OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 91

MrJo hn Elwill in his An swer 6 s a t Fol . 3 ith this Tene m is a l a c l ed Ch pple . See m y Billinthe Exchequer i a a n s him 1 6 1 F led g i t 9 . See the Answer of Ju° Elwill s n 2 1 8 1 Ma 1 6 1 wor in Court y 9 , 1 Fol . 3 . AO 1 b s r m 45 4 Jo e Gove su sum redd . Tho e 6 2 . To 3 H R . . wn ein g e t Will o Shep c o m de — Re e i 15 l v u . x . m To wn ein et Will us Tho e g . She co m de s s m uo p ur u redd . J f— Rele vru xl 9 Gove Jun . . Obit Jo hi o Gove et Thom as e jus ﬁli us e t heres adm ittur R i u 5 elev . x1 . Vi de No . 7 , s other ide . (N o te ) AO 1 285 Decan o et Capitalium Majoris Exelic (Eccli e S te Marie Rothe m agn e n co n ce sserun t prem issa Thom e Gove in libo So cc agio n res ervan dum Re ddi t xxs per e t xl Rele vi o su Ann . pro p m m vel ali en aco orte n . 1 1 60 . Pres en tatur a 7 , 3 Sept Georgii C ry de m o a 1 Ockin to n in Co . 5 J cobi R . . g Dev n Mi les perquisi vit prem issa de John Gove de Woodbury in Ge r Cartam n . Co m . Devon p 1 6 1 0 a B ar ain e e t Ven di so n e t a m 7 , 7 M ij g d it

1 a 1 tetur . 5 J cobi R . . Praesen tatur obit Geo rgio Cary e t d o s a r Mil . q Ge rgiu C rie Jun ar e us c o nsan uin us cl am at . j g prem issa s ibi et he redibus m astul 1 de corpo re suo lettim e et creat irn o ppertiu

a a I n de tat a . per C rt m n . f ct

et al . Bro Seym our . geren a 20 Octo bris ° a d t . 7 J cobi

e t adm . R .

m uscule m e . , al 92 MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Sir George Cary sold this to John Ware— John Ware sold ‘ this to Nich11 Haydon Esq1 who 1 5 ° Fe bri j 1 67 1 paid for a Relief upon the Ali enaco n xl shillin gs an d afterwards settled sam e o n Gideon Hay do n Esq1 et Henry Trosse Esqr for 5 00 years to be so ld a n his for P yi g of Debts , who ‘ sold the s am e to M1 Ju° Elwill of Exon Merchant 1679— vide o stea 8 ° ar p 33 . Ju W e pre ten ded to have a Watercourse over the West Hill in to hi s o wn Ground but it was only er Licien ce p . Ja Thom as Ware et Jo hes Ware 1 60 dan dn o i n n 8 reddit 7 . t Reg A u xiid pro Licenti a eis co n se d du en cursum n d a co n d . de . c Pluxto n su m n . aque p . Co u de ad Ten tur de heritate Jo hio en in Huxto n Gove g . pld in quo ijdem Thom as Ware an d Jobes Ware m odo inhabitan t d eis ss n . q Cur . conce it solve d Reddi t ple ad ben e plitn Dm et s a a Licen tie R . po te Leg t c ess fu erun t r a m co n . p e de f (si c) p atet in Legal Retlio Cur a Otterie . M nery de Ste n Marie seque . 1 — ° Octo bris 6 a . 1 viz . 7 J cobiR — ° ° 1 9 Octo bris 1 3 Jacobi R . — 1 4 Octo bris 1 4 Jacobi 1 ° a 1 20 Octo bris 7 J cobi R . 30 Julij 5 ° Jacobi 1 — 1 0 r — 0 b ac . 1 1 o Octo J . R 5 Oct a 1 —21 bri s 2 1 J cobi R . Octo 1 a 1 — 20 bris 2 2 J cobi R . 1 0 ar 1 — 26 Oc Octo bris C . R . 1 8 a 1 — 10 r ° tob 2 C r. R . Oct 4 — 1‘ Car 1 . Car . 1 . . . R 5 Oct 5 R

94 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

late i n the Tenure of Jam es Burn ard Held in Soccage by the Yearly Rent of 6 1

Presen tatur obit Jaco bi Bur a t su en . e ho c o b s n rd g p. J e Burn ard ej us se sedus ﬁ llius cl am at tenere prem issa sibi e t ss im hered . A ign pptm per Cartam n Dat 2 0° Marti gere . j 6 Car I e t adm i i r . tt tu . R . Presentatur obit Jo hio Burn ard e t u ho c o h es a d s p . J n Burn r u n ﬁlius et s clam at ej s se . here m ssa s ten ere pre i ibi Hered . et Assign im pptm £0 2 6

o s o One H u e in Tipt n . Ro bert Y elle tt s o ld this house to Robert Kno wle o f i 1 Otter e 687 . 1 1 1 1 Sept . 3 4 ac J . R .

On e Messuage an d 8 Farthings of Land lyi n g at Thom e late m in the Tenure of W Co oke Dec‘1 an d heretofore of the Tenure of Custom ary But n o w held in Soccage under the Grant of the Warden an d Cano ns of the late Colle dge o f Ottery St Mary by their I n den ture bearin g Date on ye 20111 day of October 24° Rs Henrici Se ptim i Wherein is Reserved the Yearly Rent of 2 0S payable at the Four prin cipal Term s in the Year And the Best Beas t fo r a Herriott 8 an d 2 0 fo r a Relief . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 95

m as Co miti s Obit Tho Devon . o hes an s s m J Trevely ur u redd . m ss a D harn Mil pre i John i yn . I sa a o et o hes Obit bell C oke Vid . J

Cooke heres . £1 0 0

Xto her Obit p Cooke .

b s ar et 1 Obit Jo i Coke . Ric ' Coke e j us se n 1 ﬁli us adm it Vi de No 1 1 s titur . . , other ide . Obit Rici Coke e t Willus Coke ej us frater adm ittitur se ﬁ de

li tas respectu atur qu o sg xi . Obit Will us Coke ej us ﬁlius

e t heres . Will us Coke ve n di di t prem issa i a i E n John i Spark de Civ t t xo . a r et ass n s Merc n to hered . ig

im pptm .

On e Messuage an d 4 Farthings of Land called Co btho m e late in the Tenure of Mr W111 Cooke Decd he retofore of the Ten ure of Custom ary But n o w held in Soccage un der the Gran t of the Warden an d Canon s of the late Colledge of Ottery S1 Mary by their I n dIre bearin g Date o n the 20 th Day of Oct1 24 Rs Hen rici Septim i wherein i s Re s served the Yearly Ren t o i 1 o payable at the 4 principal Term s of the Year an d the Best Beas t for a Herriot an d 1 09 for a Reli ef 0 1 0 0 m — a M1 M em o ran du . Th t I11 s s a W Cooke old 7 Close , p rcel ' 8 s o f Co btho m e Cont . 4 Acre un to Mr John Sparke of Exon Merchan t s o th at upon the 96 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Dividin g this Tenem en t there Happens a Multiplication of He rrio ts a Servi ces . to bep id for each part But the Rent an d Relief are to be Appo r ti e d o n . H iti 6 m Co m s . 6 en . n 3 . R . Obit Tho e Devo He an s s m n . . b s 5 R 7 . Jo e Trevely ur u redd. m ssa o i o D n harn Mil pre i J h y . 2 1 April 2 2 Obit I sabel Coke et Jobes Coke 8 s . Hen . R . . here 1 1 Jan ry 1 4 E Rn e . li z . a 8 Xto her — Vi de No 26 M y 2 Obit p Coke . No 1 1 E Rn e 1 2 s de as . liz . . , other i [ in o ab ve]. N te 1— On e s co m o n l o . Clo e y called the Twelve Acres lying n l a n ext to the Hil , cont i ing a by estim aci o n twelve cres . On e Close of Pasture called a s Six cre . One Parcell of Furze a s Groun d cont . Seven cre . On ‘e Close at the foote of the clo se called Six acres

a s . cont . four cre One Close called the Mea

si x a s . dow con t . cre One Clos e adj o yn in g the

a n a s . Me dow co t . four cre On e Clo se of Furze Groun d

lying n ear to the Hill cont . a nine cres . Thes eParcells ofGroun dlye o n the Upperside of the Lane leading from Thorn e un to Salv i sto n on the south side a an The s of th t l e . re idue of als Co btho m in Co bto n . ly g below the Lan e leading from Thom e to Sal vi sto n o n the South side thereo f are in the

1 Thi s note i s give n i n ab strac t on ly .

98 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

1 6 o hn o On e ss a an d a in s . J Co ke Me u ge two f rth g E n an a i n nur of xo Mer of l d, l te the te e of an ad an n s i s ch t , Jo Colli , Sir G le Tooker m itte d 1 68 1 an d am a his an d . D e M ry wife John Revell £0

P revi o us admi ssi on s . Henry Collin gs an d Joan Cooke his E m an d a wife , d ond Jo n Pri a s an d a a de ux , Gile M ri o To ker . n ss a an d a n 1 7 . Joh Cooke One Me u ge one f rthi g as No 1 6 an — as No 1 6 in . . of l d in . o o E l ss a an d o e a 1 8 . J hn lwel One Me u ge n f rthin g of Exon Mer of land 0 an 1 68 am s m d I s ack ch t , 3. Sir J e S ith, Rich , l am E n Wil i Hooper of xo . d a ( r per) , John Hooper .

TALFORD

am s On e ss a an d a n s J e Me u ge two f rthi g . s 1 6 — m a a d a o . s n St ke , 5 7 Tho Lucreti s Stoke . W111 s ss a an d a s Ker One Me u ge two f rthing . — a lake, ali as John n d Katherine Green a i as i a a a s 1 6 2 . sh M r h , 9 ow l M ller , Jo n M r ali as s a Eli z eas Luckis Ker l ke , a d a is n h . Jo n , wife 1 6 2 s ﬁ s in ﬁ s lo t : 6 April 9 . Li t of eld included r t a a a in 2 a s L ngl nd cont in g cre . o an 2 a s Sh rtl d cre . B o vestreete 2 a s cre . am a 1 a Pridh Me d cre . 1 So m erdo le a 1; cre . 2 Ham a The 1 cre . Mil verlan d a 3 cre . Rud ewa 1 ac g y re . 1 Clam erdo le 1 a p 1 cres . Fe ri n do 1 a g 1 cres . s 1 a s Fur e Feringe 1 cre . B ran dl em e ad 1 a cre . r 1 a The C uft cre . 1 2 S e e e . S e e p ag 33 page 34 , A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 99

List of ﬁelds in s econ d lot The Higher Three Acres con ai n n a s t i g 3 cre . The oute r Four Acres co n a in a s t in g 4 cre . The two in n er Three Acres con tain in g 7 acres abuttin g ai F r Mil e . a ss a an d a i n s M ry Treve One Me u ge two f rth g . i a a — m as an an d m as l n , d ughter Tho , Jo , Tho s n of George Morri , Joh Willoughby de Tre veli an a m of P yhe bury. N t m et leco be, I 677 a d a As in 2 1 On e s an two n s . . Mes u ge f rthi g — As in 1 2 . N ate — There was som e m an d doubt of the for er surr. a was therefore n ew Surr . m ade by the s ai d Thom as Mo rris to the s aid Ju° Wil b — ar i 1 6 lo ugh y 9 M t j 6 9 . On e Messuage or Ten em en t an d a i s two f rth ng , except one m ss a w co urtla e e u ge ith g , a n an d a d — n g rde , orch r He ry, E i Edm o n n s l z . , Roger , d, Ag e

Kn o wle . m ran dum — a s M e o . Th t thi Ten em en t hath been di vided a e at by surr . of p rt ther of the ° ar m an d yearly rent of 2 per . the rest of the Ten em ent paid ° ar as a a un 3 per m. ppe reth dern e ath s e e a s is , th t thi thereby becom e two Ten e m en ts an d are held by two several ren ts an d each Tene m en t payeth a several Heriot an d by reas on of the m ultipli s cation of service . Pre sentat obit Katherin e

. n Kn owle. Vid qui te uit dur i ate sua unu m es an te vidu t . 1 0 0 MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

m Cur ela cu t . ar suagiu . g G d de e t o m a a ace n d . n p on j nup. pcele Unius Messu agii e t r e cu duo o n . f rling terre m Pti n in Talford de Te n ura d u o m a ann . re i C st . per d t ij s ‘ e t quod Willus Knowle j un 1 ﬁ lius Ro bti n o n u K wle p . m a dee r s a am riti Ch i ti ne cl . m ssa s et d s pre i ibi here . uis im tm et adm itti u pp . t r et fecit ﬁ del .

GOSFORD

Willi am On e Messuage an d four Far a i n s an d — s s an d Ch pl , thing of l Mo e a 66 a a 1 . n n n fter 9 Colett Ch pli of Lo do . Edw‘1 Ford 1 o f n° a an d R1 a his s or J Bl gdon H rwood Tru tees . n d En ss a an d Fa . . ( One Me u ge four r 0 1 0 an s n s — m an fr chi ed) . thi g Peter Pul . Mary On e Messuage an d four Far 0 10 an h n s — as No 2 1 Trevely , t i g in . . 1 6 77 . William On e Messuage an d four Far 1 i s — an d a Ha P 6 . n utt , 77 th ng Robt Jo y do n Dru o a d a a d 1 688 . n H . , g Alici y a d a an d don , Rich r , W lter N as a ichol H ydon . On e Messuage an d four Far 0 1 0 n s — Will i am se n 1 Willi am thi g . , an d n Joh Kerridge .

On e Messuage an d four Far 0 1 0 0 thin gs — Edm un d Pester an an d uo T rli n Alex der J y g, John an d Elean or Searle of a n n T u to .

1 02 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Presen ted the death of a n an d Nicho . P y e Hugh Payn e his youn gest so n ad m itted an d di d a fe lty . l i s a Co l n . Three closes of l n d called Affham s als Offham s con t . four acres and o n e other clo se call ed the Little Mead a an a a con t . h lf cre n d som e tim es parcel o f o n e Tenem ent an d three farthin gs of Land in s a Merri ﬁ elds Ai h c lled . s am o ss n Tri tr Tr e , He ry yo un gest so n of Rich° s o n of l n s Henry Col i . 1 6 1 ° ° 2 . 1 l s Plim o ut o Dec 9 . Tho Col in of h t Tho l in s n dsm i Col of Tiverto gol th , who paid for a heriot o n surrender 2 6 ° ll 3 Oct . 1 95 . Tho Co ins of Tiverton gold sm ith surrendered the pre m ises an d one Mansion Ho use late Built thereof to John a s o m an H rri of Ottery , ye who was a m d itted . ss a a n One Me u ge , G rde , Court a a an d Far l ge , Orch rd two in s o i a d a l a s th g L n c l ed P rker . — Edward Parker of Clist St a m an an d n M ry , yeo , Joh a l a ah Se rle of Buckere l , S r Hill yard (Searle) hi s youngest a d ughter .

AL PHI N GTON

W1111 a n On e ess a an d Far 0 Ch pli , M u ge two a n s — s s an d a fter 1 669. thi g Mo e Collett a li Ch p n . W111 a n ss a an d Far 0 Ch pli , One Me u ge two 1 6 s — Wm an d n o Kerrid e 79. thing J g , a a l Helen Dr ke of South eigh , an d Denn is Drake her ye st

so n . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 03

I nquisition about a foot way of Mill Park to Skiddaliers an d about a di tch and water rs cou e . On e ess a an d n e a n M u ge o F rthi g. — n u n n all Joh T rpi , Joh H , John Hill s o n of R1 Hil l of Ho un dbear E m n and , d o d ° B ar1 Tho Putt , . a a One Messu ge n d o n e Farthin g. — n l a l Joh Hi l to Gr ce Hi l, s s only i ter of John Hill . On e Messuage an d two Far thin gs — John an d Jan e Tur in hn n di an d p , Jo , Be e ct am ur a J es B n rd . o e a n Two Closes con t . n F rthi g called Ho wden e (1 2 acres) and Higher Spry (4 acres) hn an d an n Jo J e Turpi . On e Messuage an d o ne Far thing — William an d Eliano r a Br ddon . On e Messuage and o n e Far n an s thin g . Joh S der of

an d a his w . Street Gr ce , ife On e Messuage an d two Far

in s an d a . th g , four Cott ges n n n an He ry , Joh , Stephe , Jo

m as a . an d Tho T ylor . Tho Taylor h ad only o ne daughter Who m arri ed with Thom as

Scot of Woodbury . Four Cottages an d two Far n — hn a Mar thi gs Jo T ylor, garet wi dow of Charles Far

an his o un s s s . r t , y ge t i ter One Messuage an d two Far n s n m an thi g . Joh Sher , XtOpher Gover the Elder a and Jam es Burn rd . a s an d a a a l Two cre h lf, c l ed — As in No . a l an d . Be t . 47 1 04 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

a i l On e ss a an d o ne a h n Gr ce H l , Me u ge F rt i g 1 6 es s ix a s — m as Eve 5 4 . l s cre Tho i and o n leigh , Robt G lford J h

Hill . One Dwell in g house n o w Built o n part of a m eadow call ed

Pro wsey con t . in len gth 60 an d in ad 0 feet Bre th 4 feet , a d Co urtla e an d with Orch r g , a ix a s o s s o n . s s ever l cl e c t cre . m as E o Tho veleigh , R bt n l an d a Gilford, Joh Hi l Gr ce

Hill . One Messuage and o n e Far thin g with Closes called Rus a Deech l ke, or Doch , Cockle an d ~ — 111 a d gore Spey . W n E . n s h liz Pri g, Chri top er Gover n so n am s to Joh , of J e Bur a n rd . n ss a an d o n e a Joh One Me u ge F rthing. s n r n a es and Gold worthy , Joh Per y , Joh Ch rl 1 66 a ds 7 . C therin e Gol worthy . m W a n On e ss a an d o n e Far Ch pli , Me u ge 1 669 thi n g — Moses an d Colletta ha n C pli . On e ss a an d o n e ar n Me u ge F thi g. — Sir a° m h s d J S it , ol ier, l l o Phil ip Foxwel of Ex n . an an d Merch t , Geo . Foxwell n so n l a m to Joh , of Phi ip P l er . On e Messuage an d eighteen a m a s . hn n cre Jo Sher , Richard an d Susan Mount

stephen .

GOVETON

6 a O e ss a a d o e a n 2 n . n n n 5 . Bur rd Me u ge F rthi g 1 631 The Bailiff of the Man o r presented that Mar a a ° Eve g ret , d ughter of Tho leigh took W1111 Vavo uso r o f Lan brick n a g in Cor w ll , Gent .

1 06 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

66 hn a On e ss a and Far . Jo L ur Me u ge two ’ en ce F a l d Deerhaie — As s eo f thin gs c l e s . 6 0 es 1 6 . . in fe , 77 6 n On e ss a an d two Far 7 . Gideo Me u ge a a d an H ydon of thi n gs . Robert n Jo Cadha 1680 a o n B n y , . H yd , rugo , their you g est so n an d Alsie his wife , Richard an d NicholasH aydon of Ebfo rd (brothers) toWalter d H ay on (brother) . te - N a a d n N o . ichol s H y o ad s s 1 n 2 Ni h 3 on . Gideo as 1 6 an d chol who dyed 79 3, a 1 W lter dyed 680 .

AN D I LL R11 1. H

One Mes suage an d two Far s En franchiz ed and thi ng . m a a de Socc ge Tenure . The An tient Ren ts an d Services are Released an d o n e entire n 1 1 ° 2° s re t of £ , 4 Re erved out of all these Enfranchi z ed Prem ises — John an d Mar a an E a an g ret S der, dw rd S der. On e Messuage an d three Far n s — am m h thi g Sir J es S it , am s an an d n so n J e L e , Gideo , as a n of Nichol H ydo . On e Messuage an d two Far n s a d r a n a s thi g n ce t i p rcel . a a s N as Rich rd Pe r e , ichol , a a d o a n W lter n Gide n H ydo . a a On e Messu ge n d o ne Farthing. — d Ri ch . Wm . Strobridge , a s N a a and Pe r e , ichol s , W lter a Gideon H ydon . One Close of Lan d called Barr

Close contain in g six acres . As in 0 7 . On e Close called Netherly co n taining eight acres and an other call ed Thistlepark co n A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 07

ain n ﬁ ve a s — R° I sack t i g cre . , ° i a N a al R ch Pe rse , ichol s , W an d n a n ter Gideo H ydo .

WOOD ALI AS B URRo w WOOD

John Barron On e Messuage an d ﬁ ve Far n r n s — Ju , thi g John Sherm an to 6 1 . hn a E 37 Jo B ron the lder . Stroud an d One Messuage and two Far an h n s an d a a — ° Jo his t i g h lf . Tho d a n . . um a wife , B rter , H phry B ll of l R° a l i Chud eigh , B l , Lew s an d an a Hull , Jo B ll of i s in a i s A h Stoke G briel, Lew l Hu l . a s s m m s a 2 Rich rd Twelve Acre , o eti e p rcel o art l o n e s s a a d B ett , of Me u ge n two n f 1 66 a i a d a a 2 . s n . Ju , F rth ng h lf Bur ro whill 1 a Bilrush 1 1 , cre , Lower Milpark Ray Pit 1 acre The Way Close 1 a a a 1 a cre Gre t Ye t cre , s a s Three Acre 3 cre , Higher dl a 1 a a Mid e P rk cre , Orch rd Wa 2 a s in all below the y cre , a s — Eliz ius an d E an 1 2 cre . le or N h a T riel and ort cott , R lph y E i his n s d th wife, you ge t daughter an d heir of Eli z ius

Northcott . Richard On e Messuage an d Orchard and o 1 a n a s an d a a s m B rtlett seve cre h lf, o e 1 66 m a s o n e a Jn 9. ti e p rcel of Messu ge an d 2 Ff an d a half— as in

76 . Ralph Tyrrel The Residue of one Tenem ent o 2 i a d a a d ar h n . an d ux. an , two F t ngs h lf n d w an d Lan lo ve . . Lo er Higher g , N Higher o rthhill . If n o t Enfran chised to Mr Gid11 Sherm an as in 76 a ss (afterw rds cro ed out) . 1 0 8 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

WI GGAI’ ‘ ON

a a d a On e ss n . 79 . George Me u ge one F rthing a — Xto her an d a n Eb S lter , p C theri e d do n a r n a n . . , C the i e their d ughter an d W1I1 Taylor her husban d Va a an d Hugh ugh n . si c Wm On e a n — a a Mes 79 ( ) . . F rthi g p rcel of a s a an d a n s T ylor , u ge two F rthi g a e — As in bov 79. 80 ° On e ss a an d Far 0 I O . Rich Putt , Me u ge four 6 s E a an d s 1 6 n . n 3. thi g le or S er , N an d 111 h n . W Jo n Turpi , ich

Putt . 8 1 an ss a an d h Far . J e Penny One Me u ge t ree 1 68 hin s s s wid . , 3. t g except four clo e called Watercletts contain ing a s — o n o 7 cre J hn Turpi , J hn Co l ress his s s an d p , to i ter heir , an w a d Jo ife of Hugh Buckl n , an d W111 Stocker of Shute, o n J h Penny . s s a o Four Clo e of L nd c nt . 7 acre s called Waterletts— as i 1 n 8 . One Messuage an d two Far n s — d E an thi g Bene ict , le or , 111 a d am la W n S uel S de .

One Messuage an d o n e close called the East Hil l — Xto s an d a pher Bi hop Roger M yne . N te —No w Stribbin s an d o . g ’ a an s a n l te H bury expl i ed,

but very long. an a ss a a an a an d I O Jo M rker , One Me u ge , h lf cre , 686 o e a Ea i 1 . n s perch c lled t H ll , an d s s a d Em m clo e c lle ett , Two s s Acre , Long Clo e . Charles Carnell an d Roger a a a e M yne ( fter J . M rk r to El s Chee k e li ) .

1 1 0 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

On e Messuage and four Far I O 0 hi s — W111 a t ng T ylor , George Taylor (after 1 691 Roger Matthews of Two Messuages an d four Far 9 1 0 hin s o n e a t g except cre .

a n a . Be to Fr nck wid to Geo . a so n Fr n ck her . On e Messuage an d two Far thin gs — Jo hn Force to E11 so n W1111 Gittis Putt , of Putt of ham Edm n in . o d Putt died a 1 6 Sp in 68 . — an e . an Geo . Fr k , One Acr Geo Fr k

CO0 MBE AN D TI PTON

One Messuage an d one Far 2 6 in — am s m th g Sir J e S ith, i ° I sack W111 an d s R ch , Jo eph o Ho per . One Messuage an d two Far n s — am s m i so l thi g J e S th , m as an d a a dier , Tho M ry Ch n n o n N as an n n Rt , ichol Ch o to B ailei h is so n - - law g h ih . Ca a 8 July 7 r. Le ve was given fo r Phili p Channo n

Gent . to con tin ue the Water Course from the m ain River o n n hi s upon Tipt Gree , over a ds a l n in this ye r . One Messuage an d one Far 2 6 am s i . m th ng Sir J e S ith , ° I s ack W111 an d s Rich , Jo eph

Hooper .

1 On e ss a an d hr Far 00 . Me u ge t ee in s an d ﬁ v e th g Acres . Tri che ns a a d N as Se w r , ichol a E a m a d . d H o l e l n W w l . Se w rd , Ten s a a l a 1 0 1 . Acre of l nd c l ed Bro d ﬁ shes ofthe Ten ureof Custom

ar . a Trichei y John P rker , A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 1 1

an d N as a a Ed ichol Se w rd, . and W111 l Holwe l . 1 02 On e ess a an d a . M u ge o n e F r in i A ts th g w th pp . of the Ten ure of Custom ary — W111 Co rham hn a a d W111 , Jo Se w r , R° n n a an d R° Ha Lee, , A y do n un f and Mar J , Roger a ain g ret M e . Wm Ta lo r On e ss a an d ar 1 0 . F 3 y , Me u ge two in ri ht in s a n an g of th g with ppurte ces , a n Ebdo n N a C theri e Gregory , ichol s hi s a a Va an wife , Se w rd , Hugh ugh . 66 1 8 . lli am On e ss a o n e a 1 04. Wi Me u ge , Cott ge with ulli a n an s an d o ne ar C ford, ppurte ce F 1 682 in — a ill am 1 . th g M ry, W i , Rob d 111 ul if an W C l ord . hn On e s a an d Far 105 . Jo Me su ge two

E n s . hr s lwell thi g C i topher, Tho un r m as a° Clo ad Mar t J , ine , J , g , ° 1 68 u a n . 7 . J , Roger M y e 06 Xto her On e ss a an d hr Far 1 . p Me u ge t ee f i s — an d E Sal a n . . S lter Ju , th ng Robt liz

an d XtO her a f . 1 682 . ter , p S lter Sen

Xto her On e ss a an d n a s . 1 07 . p Me u ge eleve cre f — a n As i n 1 06 . S lter J ,

1 682 . Edw° One Messuage an d three acres k e ate an d Tt — a E li S , i Rich rd l ott of m s am and hn 1670 . Ly e Regi , J es Jo a Ske t . 1 2 n n so n 74 Joh Goss , o ly of Jn° Goss by Mary his wife was ° a who the wife of Jn Ske t . 1 747 Jn° Goss to W111

Pal frey . 111 On e ss a an d o n e a in . 2 W Fran ck, Me u ge F rth g o an 1 65 6 . George Fr k . Wm Two Messuages an d four Far 0 1 0 —B en e dict Geo r e a d n s . n Osbourn of thi g , g hn n a s St Georges Jo Holwell , He ry M r h s a W111 E is Ker l ke) , veleigh , Cl t , (

n . 165 3. Joh Clode 1 1 2 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

— 1 1 1 O e a n . acre 0 . n Orch rd co t i As £ 0 0 1 in 1 1 0 .

1 1 2 On e ss a an d a n . Me u ge one F rthi g. — U Es r Sir a° George pton q , J m Kn t a S ith , M ry Churchill . One Messuage an d six Far m thin gs . Sir George S ith Kut am s m Kn t , Sir J e S ith , a m a An n s R lph Her n , Pitt .

One Messuage an d two Far 0 5 o in s — n Ed th g Joh George , m n an d a a o d M tthew Dr ke .

e ssa an d o e a On Me ge n F rthin g. As in 1 1 4 . On e Messuage and o n e Farthin g a ~ I f E o n e . i except cre l z . Drake did n o t m arry with Ju° i s— as i n 1 1 a d 1 1 Perk n 4 n 5 . Three Rodd of Land contain in g one garden co urtlage kitchen an d am cl o sett ch ber , , little m i s am a lkhou e , ch ber , p ir of stairs an d one Dark roo m at the foote of the said stairs an d o n e n ew house adjoin in g to the North Eas t side of o n e a s n s n M n io Hou e , the i herit an E i a a ce of l z beth Dr ke . d a a . a an m s Clo d Geo Gr ce J e , o n au a s J h M dit , Clerk; Ch rle Co ck ain e o , of Silvert n . On e Messuage an d two Far hi s n m a t ng . Joh Sher n , ° li s Lidoo tt Rich Cul ng, Gile Lo n o a an d of d n , Merch nt , a a lli n hi s S r h (Cu g) , wife . On e n a Ea Acre e r the st Hill . As in 1 1 8 .

1 1 4 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

On e Messuage an d two Far £0 5 thin gs — Michael an d Wil liam Po tbur y . On e close call ed Tachill alias o o a i a St n eh ll Me d con t . o n e — Acre Ro bt Ston in g. On e Messuage an d o n e Far 0 2 in — an d an Ha th g. Robt Jo y do n a an d N as , Rich rd ichol a d an d H y on Geo . Churchill . On e ss a a d o n e ar 0 Me u ge n F thing. 2 — N as a n n ichol H ydo , Joh a m a nf H y n J , Dorothy E li a a l ott (H ym n ) . Two Farthin gs of Lan d co n 0 5 a e t in ing by st . thirty two Acres called Mo o rc o m b e and one Acre called Mo o rco m be a — 1 an d o a Me dow . Rob J n a ° an d N o as H ydon , Rich ich l a d n n a H y o , Joh H ydon , John an d Dorothy Elliott (later to

John Penn y) . On e Messuage an d two Far 0 5 in s — Rt an d a ° th g Jo n , Rich an d N a a n ichol s H ydo , Philip

Pyle . One Messuage an d two Far 0 5 things of Lan d for the use of

the poor of Ottery .

One Parcel of Lan d and an Herb 0 0 a n Metco m be — G rde in . Geo . i Church ll .

s s a an s 0 2 6 Two Clo e c lled The L d , 8 a a d o cont . cres n n e close ll d a a a n . 2 c e Stre ter He d , co t a s — Rt n hn an d cre Stoni g, Jo n s a Ag e B gg. Two Messuages or Tenem ents (blank) with a garden an d orchard an d a i s s s v r ou clo e , Croft , A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 1 5

Ston ehill an d others — Robt n n n s n n Sto i g, Ag e Sto i g, n a s n a Rt Ag es C u e , Joh B gg, Ston in g Jun f Several Houses an d parcels of n — a nn Grou d Rich rd Pe y .

On e Messuage an d half an acre an d three closes call ed Beat — d 8 a es . R Ed lan d con t . cr m n s Rt l n n hn u d , Pi ki gto , Jo H aym an Jun f 1 ses all A le Go are Two clo c ed p s . n E m n s He ry d u d , Robt a m an H y .

On e parcel of Lan d an d o n e a n i Metco m be Herb G rde n . Edm s Henry und , Robert

a a e l . m n G o . H y , Churchi l c On e a an d o n e 1 43 (si ) . Geo . other p rcel Herb — a n . As 1 . Churchill , G rde in 43

1 65 7 . Tho S On e Dwelli ng Ho use an d Or a — a d A n E E m s d . n n n d d ond , ch r He ry m n s n d . . . u d

FLUXTON

am On e ss a an d Far 1 45 . Dr S uel Me u ge two I sack in s — am s m Kt , th g Sir J e S ith , E n n . Town Clerk Tow Clerk of xo , young ’ est so n N o a m 01 Exon . of ich l s S ith

s as . en fran chi ed Knight , dece ed a m 2 1 am 1 6 6 s h . J , 5 , [L ter , A bro e Churc ill ]

1 65 6 . Rt s On e ss a an d Far 1 46 . We t Me u ge two s — Rt a d a Ha n . n n cott , thi g Jo y 6 8 do n d an d N as Ha 1 5 . , Rich ichol y do n .

1 e S e e pag 33. 1 1 6 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

‘ 1 . Sam On e ess a an d Far 1 47 Dr . M u ge eight £ 0 o I sack thin gs — Hum phry an d Eliza n an i s a n t n an d e fr ch ed beth B bi g o , Roger 6 A 1 E a 6 . p . 75 , liz . H rvey 1 6 75 . 1 8 W1m On e ess a a d a 4 . Hook M u ge n fou r F r 0 I 0 0 an d — a n s . n am J ne thi g Joh Ad s . Adam s his a d ughter , 1 6 8 5 . d° On e ss a an d Co urtla e , Me u ge g 1 6 8 a d a e — o h a . n n m s 5 G rd J n Ad . I srael One Messuage and o n e Far a an d s s a l Fr nke , thing clo e c l ed d C a a n . . hurchl de o n d a , Mo r, L nd 1— s . a a n n s core W lter B ro , Ag e n in a s u° a Rt Sto g (C u e) , J B gg, his ra s n I Stoning to g nd o . a Fr n ke . On e ss a an d o n e a n Me u ge F rthi g. —Afterwards (1 683) to Wm Po tbur an d an Po tbur y Jo y .

SAL VESTON

On e Messuage an d twelve Far 1 I O 0 s m n . o thi g Hu phry, R bt n N as a a Fowli g, ichol Se w rd n r a d f Se n Jun . On e Messuage an d eight Far 1 o o n s — a n s d thi g Jo n Colli g , wi ow of Edm ond Prideaux her s n s an a Prid eco d hu b d , M ry ( eaux) wife o f Sir Giles To o ker a a d Va a n n . B rt . , Joh ugh n

TOWN

Edwd o On e ss a a d Far 0 I O 0 1 . n 5 4 F rd, Me u ge four En t a s at ali as r n thing Southwell ,

is ed 1 6 . Gre atwell a ch . , 37 Lord P wlett , Wm Stro brid e Willm E a g , , dw rd , Na an an d E a d th iel dw r Ford .

1 P ssib c rru i o f L an d s o re c m re C re Hi b e o ly a o pt on g ; o pa o ll, a ov

S i dm ou th .

1 1 8 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

1 6 as Tillo rd On e s a an d Gar 3. J Hou e, Orch rd als s de n in an Roger S dhill Street , oppo an d Alice site to New Lan e — Gilbert hi s an d am s wife , Alice Cooke , J e i T ll o rd . n . d .

a On e an a C pt . Acre of L d ne r the o n H a n — Gide y Tow Hugh Mercer , Rich do n Cad ard Rt a N o as Wal of , , Jo n , ich l , a d a d ha 1 680 n n . y , . ter Gideon H y o

1 6 m r On e a i n at 5 . Hu ph y Acre of Me dow ly g — n a am s . n s a s Lo g of Loo , W reh Dio i i We t rn a l s Ge o Co w l , cott , George We tcott , . E i a E a a h s . his si n d l . s iz T ylor , liz T ylor m h W 1 6 1 . . ife , 3 ter , wife of Hu p ry Long 1 66 n° s s a in at . J Ro t Two Acre of L nd ly g a am s Lan dsco re Clerk , W reh by . 1 6 Mar t and d Po tbur 47 . g Rich y, m o s l A br e Churchil . 1 6 Wm s a at Y a 7 . Stro Two Acre of L n d l i d n s m al br ge , Ag e bou e c led Strobridge Strobridge Meadow late in the Tenure of his do Wm an d n s d wi w , Ag e Strobri ge Valen tin e (1 65 2) sin ce which tim e n o d n a a n adm Strobri ge . te nt h th bee itted because o n e Valentin e Stro bridge m ade a leas e thereof Wm o d so n Ed to F r , the of a 00 a s w rd Ford , for 5 ye r , who s o ld the sam e to Tho m as a m a d M re , who ortg ge the sam e to Charles Vaughan E a s . 80 o q for bout £ , up n who se death the sam e sho uld have go ne to hi s heir Hugh Va a n Va an ugh n , but Joh ugh , hi s a a i o s f ther , h v ng the p session o i the writin gs too k a leas e of the s aid Thom as Mare in his o wn n am e for 99 years an d by his will devi sed s am Mr Melsh o d the e to , Alf r , an d Mr a Tre asbe ar Y rd of . I n trust for 4 Fools in Ottery A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 1 9

ar I n St M y. The heritance of hi s af t should be looked ter . N te - hi as o . T s le efrom Mare n Va an i s a a to Joh ugh che t .

. a a an d h Geo Dr ke One Messu ge t ree Acres . £0 a a hn am of H rp B rrett , Jo , Willi ,

1 6 . Am a h m ford, 49 y, George Dr ke , T o as

u n f . H ll , Ju an s a lli n I 0 The L d l tely Co s . do n o t k n an n ow ythi g of it , Neither what the L an d is n o r l e where it y th .

FIVE-ACRE TENURE

WI GGAI’ ‘ ON

Rt Stokes to On e Messuage an d o ne Far as his s o n hi n —Wm P P l a J , , t g . ester , hi lip ,

1 65 0 . Rt es ss a an d a s — As Stok , One Me u ge 5 cre

1 6 0 . in 1 1 5 7 . Rt E i s a l m Pa ll One Close c l ed Coo be rk , a a al o n e a e — n° n al as li s S ter , cr J Higge s i E i s 1 6 1 a hn . 4 . S lter, Jo ll On e s a an d o n e Far Tho . Mes u ge s hi n — h ns Rt Stephen , t g Geo . Step e , 8 a E a an d 16 . . 5 Be le, ust ce Geo a a n n Be le , Tho . Ste ne of Lo do , a a waxch n dler n d others . ° a ﬁ v a in Jn Sea Part of e cre hold g. t a an d R a n l El . hi s w rd C r e l to iz widow, ° aft W n a a . hi s . Eliz . ife of J Se w rd

W 1 66 . ife, 5 Edwd Peters Wearhi lls with orchard an d ll a n — n a m an al as ali as Terre , g rde Joh R d i

1 n . 1 68 . K owles a d a John Rad Two Messuages n 5 cres . m ali as W a . a m an . m an We r , Geo R d Kn owles an d Roger On e Messuage an d 1 2 acres An drews besides o n e cottage and one a — As in 1 of Hon iton cra 77 . 1 20 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

1 Wm a e ss a a l d ax a 79. B ron On Me u ge c l e W w y ‘ a as a n s a in n a the s li B r e , l ke ly g e r King 1 6 a a 2 . d 4 Highw y . George n a a m a Mich el R d n . 1 80 Ed l ss a a ur e . t . Holwel One Me u ge with pp n ano s — a s Mort . e Jo n Cree , wid m an d El Rd A W iz . Pring l Es a m ford q. , M ry Po eroy , an d a n w Henry M ry Ri g ood, m Rd W an d Ed Dore , Mercer w Hol ell . ss a an d a n One Me u ge one F rthi g. — n d Eli an o r Wm Be e ict , , , am ad S uel , John Sl e of o C0 o o n B rough Cleer , of S utht Two Messuages with appurten an ce s — Thos Stevens to his a h m as gr n dc ild Tho .

TOWN

O e m o 1 n Roo c nt . 3 feet in n an d i a le gth 5 feet n Bre dth . — E m as L as E s liz . Tho , uc lli 01 a a o d ( S lter) , Debor h Cl e . Two Acres of Land whereof one a l eth at d wa cre y Ri g y . Durbarro w XtO her Hugh , p a m an d Wy tt , Hu phry Hugh n a es wa h Py e , Ch rl Ho rd , Hug a n d E n d liz . Py e , Ruth Pen le

ton . One H all an d a Cham ber over s am a the e , one p rt of the entry a n d a cham ber over the s am e an d a Sho p — Hugh Durbarro w Xto her a , p Wy tt . On e a l a o ne H l one P rlour , am a o Ch ber over the p rl ur , one Buttery n ear the ho use with part of a garden in San dhill Street — Hugh Dur a w Xto her an d E a d b rro , p dw r

1 22 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

a Wm an d i d Roger B tt , R c

Hull . One Dwellin g Hous e called the Unicorne on the Eas t side of the Market Place an d one s in aterl ett a clo e W L ne cont . o n e acre an d an other clo se a d — a ne r Woodfor Roger B tt , m W Hull . Two acres called Elwell an d a l f a at Go rwell C i f djoining . Rt an d a Roger, Roger W re , Na an d h . o t t D ro hy Sweet . On e Messuage an d 8 acres lyin g in — the Town of Ottery Tho , a w o o T rli n hn M r o d, J hn y g, Jo an d E a ea Rd a le nor S rle , Te p . 200 a s a l ss a an d a s . M r h l One Me u ge 5 cre , E 1 6 o s s a s a yre , 74 . Cl e c lled Tow , R ck parke an d at Tiphill — B a bin t o n Setha an d Rd g , Stof o d an d a Mar f r , John Gr ce sha o r Sto ffo rd o h an d ll ( ) , J n il E a s a us Cec ie yre (M r h ll) , J a a s an d o hn E tini n H rri J yre . lo s s a a 2 01 . s Three C e ne r Gre t Shutt , Stubbed Cro ss an d San dyway

— — o n e a e a Tho . o a cr e ch . , J n an d RG as n a Wm an d B ti , M ry, t R Culliford . 02 h a o s in an d I 0 2 . One Orc rd or cl e S y 1 a — Rd Street cont . cre as o m as n and B tin , Gilbert , T i Mo erid e o hn Gilbert gg g , J , o an d nn D rothy , John Bo er a d o w n J hn Do n . Two acres near Four Elm s an d I O the Butts towards Alphing to n — a a n o n Rd W lter B bi gt , as Rt E s a B tin , lli (S lter) , John a H rris . On e clo se of 2 acres at Water lett Lan e — Walter Babin g Rfl a to n . , B stin , Tho Hull, A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 23

am an d an a J es Jo B tt (Hull) , a Rich rd Hull . Christopher On e Tenem en t an d Garden in Po e n an d o n e p , the Tow of Ottery a 1 68 1 s a d a at Ti hi fter . clo e n p sture p ll ad — N a a n He ichol s H ydo , a m a E a a Tobi s Tho s , ul li h , wife of Bern ard Brown of Lym e Regis an d youn gest sister an d heir of the said

Tobias . ss a Co urtl a e an d One Me u ge , g Herb Garden at Tiphill Foot o n the High Street lead in g through the Town to en wa — m n am Ch y y . Cle e t Peri N as Ha the younger , ichol y t ll a do n R H a rd . , y Mary On e Dwellin g house at Tiphill o o 4 a o n e a n an d a B ker foot , B r Orch rd, ’ W B s a d Wid 1682 . ussell s n , Clo e other s N a a n piece . ichol s H ydo , m as a m a Tho B ker, Tho s

Som ers . Thos Hewes On e G arden an d Orchard an d o 1 2 of Honiton o n e acre of lan d west of “ m e N e 1 686 H e rs . as G n . , y House ichol m a d n a do n W H y o , W lter Hey , a i n am m a Ch pl , Abr A ery ( 1 688 8 s an n . T er) ( , Tho Hewe

n a f . to He ry M rker , Jun ) Rd Teap Three Closes called Ram sbeers o 1 8 a — N as an d m at . ercer , Ridgw y ichol

1 a a n . 677 . W lter H ydo s a ﬁ ve a s 0 2 6 Nicho On e Messu ge an d cre . m a a l an d s W Se w rd, Toby Dowel other , a d N o as 1 6 . an n 73 L g others , ich l , Richard an d Nicholas Se a

ward . m 1 1 W a n On e s a . 1 60 An I n 0 2 6 2 . Ch pli , Mes u ge ( 9, 66 uisiti o n se t n 1 9. q to out the bou ds

of this tenem ent . ) Moses a a an d Collett Ch plin . 1 24 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

l 2 1 2 Rich C a One n m n Co urtl a e an d 0 Te p , Te e e t , g 1 66 1 a d an d d a . G r en one Roo of L nd i n s s a s Je u Street c lled Mount . — o s s a i M e Ch pl n . On e ss a in s s Me u ge Je u Street . — Wm Chaplin to Richd ° a n . 1 0 u a n M rty ( 73 , J M rty

to Henry An n ing. ) 0 2 1 s . o n e a a 4 . Rich One clo e cont cre t ’ l Co o km a s a Powel yeo n Hill . Fr ncis m an 1 680 Wm a , . Birch , Ch plin . 2 1 d a On e a at d a — o n 5 Rich Te p, cre Ri gw y J h 1 680 a a s . Lee (Serge We ver) , Fr nci W1m a Birch , Ch plin . 2 1 6 Richﬁl a On e o s a a Te p , cl e c lled The Me dow

1 68 n . a n s 3. co t one cre co tiguou to a a e — n Lee W ter Lett L n Joh , Wm a i n Ch pl . d 2 1 a o s as o n . 2 7 Rich Te p, One cl e of p ture c t ’ 8 a a 1 6 . s t Co o km an s ll 3 cre Hi . ’ Thos On e close of land at Co o k m an s ll o a s an d o n e a Pigeon of Hi c nt . 3 cre t n m d a a — m n . 2 s . W Ly co be , Ri gw y co t cre 1 6 8 an d di a n E 7 . Ju th Ch pli , liz . N ss m as an d Am o e , Tho y

Pigeon .

’ 2 1 N s I sack s s at Co o km an s 9 ich , Three Clo e Hill . 6 — i am I ack 1 6 . s . 4 G lbert , S uel d o n e a a 220 Rich San On e close cont . cre t 1 d a — i a d Sto fo r . s 6 . w der , 34 Ri g y R ch 22 1 d a a s at a a Rich Te p, Two cre Ridgw y ne r ’ 1 680 a r ar s a e — I sa a . H r y B ry l n i h a i n t an E a s F r g on , Orl do v n , am s a J e S n ders . ss a n s s n 8 2 22 . One Me u ge co i ti g of 1 se v Tents an d dwellin g houses - I n ter ah a WIn Pri n g an d E i a l z beth Pri ng. 2 2 hn ss a s an d n 3. Jo Three Me u ge Te e m d Ta m s — W an d E Po un . , y ent liz Pring, d 01 1 6 R Al h s 1 . , 5 9 ford , Jo n Fley , Agne l Hu l .

1 2 6 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

2 s A urten 32 . Chri topher On e Messuage with pp San de rs hus an ces s s in , in Je u Street the an dm a Eas a b n t p rt of the town , 34 from feet in len gth fro m eas t to M t i a a 8 u ch nh y wes t n d 5 feet in width .

m am s an s . Co . So er J e S der se t 1 68 , 5 . 2 si c am s O e ss a n em n 2 . n 3 ( ) J e Me u ge or Te e t , an s Co urtl a e an d a an a S der . g h lf cre an d four other m essuages with Co urtl age s an d gardens at East en d of town between Chapple Lane o n the west an d the Town brook o n the o n rth . 2 Wm l a s at a — Wm 33. Cul i Three cre Ridgw y 1 6 a l 82 . n d . ford , Robt Cul iford Jam es On e acre at Ridgway — John an s m an i (1 an d Em S der , Sher , R ch 6 a a s 1 n . 74 . br n ce S der Jam es On e Messuage an d three acres an s an d a s S der . other p rcel . 1 i o n e a S am On e a at Kn htst th . 2 . 35 Squire , cre g p 6 — am a d 1 s n s . 79 . J e S er e o ffees On e a n an d ses at 236 . F of G rde three clo o n Co o km an hill wa an d J h , Ridg y l Lo h o r . Fitche l . n gt n a Two ss a s a s an d 2 . 37 Burn rd , Me u ge , G rden 1 68 t so d a s — am s n a 3, p l Orch rd J e Bur rd, as o n a am s an d to Ch J h Burn rd , J e a m o a a B ker , re Rebecc Burn rd . t ° p to Jn Pyle . Mary Two acres at Ridgway an d a s d d — h m a H rri , Woo for Jo n Sher n ,

1 a an d s a a s . 685 . D niel Ju tini n H rri 2 a On e a Lan dsco re at 39 . Robt S lter cre by R a — a als . E s s s n . lli , idgw y Mo e Ch pli 1 1 63 . 0 o m as On e a at d wa — 24 . Th cre Ri g y Robert E a a m s ls . s . O ond , lli S lter , clerk

1 662 . 1 o s s a at am n . s 2 1 . S 4 Squire , Four Cl e co t 5 cre ; o 6 1 Co o km an hill 2 a s 1 8 . , cre Tipple A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 27

a n s an d n he d , 3 Sto e , Lo g n 1 a a — thor e , cre piece . John Ployer of L antil Pentho ly i n C0 nm the of Mo outh . On e parcel of lan d called Old Orchard boun ded with Bass an an d s L e Jesu Street . John Ployer of Lan til Pent am l holy, S Squire . m W Five acres in the town — Jo an a m an an d d a n an d H y , Rich M rker , Joh 1 6 a irn e 8 . a m W l 5 M ry Hey n of h p . Chas Baker On e Messu age in S an dystreet n t 1 68 al Co l resses — n ° Mar Se , 5 . c led p . J d as n d ker , Rich B ti , Rich as n r B ti jun of Sidbury, s m Wor ted Co ber . l am On e es s a an d a n in S Squire, M u ge G rde 1 68 s s a s an 3. Je u Street , l o other a e — a Kather Messu g Ch rles , in e an d s John Gold worthy . Tho s On e Messuage an d Garden in m s s s t — o n So er , Je u Stree J h Golds

1 669. worthy . Elean or On e Messuage and ﬁ ve acres a n ai n di s an d Se rle, co t ni g ver houses 1 l di s — m as T rlin 677 . bui ng Tho y g o a w Es . hn A li s q , J Se rle of

com be Gent. Gideon Five Messuages and o ne Chapple o rm an a l s s a She , c l ed Je u Ch pple with En fran ﬁ v e Garden s co m monly called chi sed Al m s o s s m , the h u e for erly

1 6 2 . o n e 7 built by Robt Hove , d dec . This Ren t of 1 a i s included in the Rent of 345 2 dl reserved upon the En fran chi sem en t of this an d otherThin gs m ade to the s aid Gideon Sherm an 1 6 2 2 6 un e — s a 7 , J Mose Ch p lin n n an d E a , Joh , Gideo liz a beth Sherm n . 1 28 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

OLD BARTON TENURE

STREATY ATE

’ 2 E m n On e a al s 0 0 2 1 49 . d o d cre c led Gregory £ } l s o s a m ss Know e , Beer . [Previ u d i ion] a m a a dm itted Tho s M re .

Half a farthin g of lan d — George an d hn m a Jo S ith of He vitree , am s a n an d a J e B ttin , Joh Jo n m a o n . S ith , Jo Bro king One Messuage or Ten em en t i n at a an d ly g Pitt , T lford Stre at ate — m as y John , Tho an d a B ran w n Jo n g y , John a s an d o m as S nder , John Th

a n a n . M re , Gideo H ydo

ALPHI N GTON Milham m eado w i n Alphin gton 1 a e — a cont . % cr Gr ce Hill , a s his John Turpin , Fr nci , s s w m as a i ter , ife of Tho Br d am a n don , Willi Br ddo of i a n ss . F rleigh Su ex , clerk On e ss a an d a s Me u ge ten cre , o e s a a n hou e orch rd etc . c lled Bo obery with fo ur acres an d s ix acres called the Great am 1 a H s n e rFen ito nBridge . A 2 s in 5 2 . On e ro d of land situate between Mill ark e Riseham Sterho e p , , an d B ro o m ark e — Wm a p . Ch p li n Edm an d a , und Butter M ry hi s d aft w to am s wi ow , . ife J e c n s U Ed Hut hi g of pottery , m und Butter . Three closes called Alpham an d Lam il a s . cont . four cre Wm an d . a do n Hum Tho Br d ,

1 S e e e pag 34 .

1 30 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

WOODFORD

26 Wm ss a an d far 5 . Sher One Me u ge two ’ m an s ffeo f things of land for the use of

the . s 1 6 . fee , 77 Poor of Ottery d° an n a a . One plott of l d e r Bro d — i a As n 2 6 . m e d . 5 m as o s s n a o a s 2 67 . Tho Two cl e co t ining f ur cre at Y albo rn e l an d Hull , hil four a s at wa — a 1 687 . cre Ridg y D niel a s n an d an H rri , He ry Jo r m an d an T u p , John Jo m an a Acker , Gertrude Spr tt , m as sen r Tho Hull . a a d d s s s n 26 n n n . 8 . Gideo OneB r iver Clo e co t m a s a — a n s . n n d Sher , ixteen cre Gideo E a En an s . m n . fr chi ed, liz Sher 1 2 67 . 6 d o n On e o s a a 2 9. Gi e cl e c lled Appledore P rk m a a — As in 2 68 n . s . Sher n , co t 3 cre

1 67 2 . a a D ro 8 J m es Five closes t o lc ss con t . a a s — m o an d n n Burn rd , cre Sy n A tho y Ho lm ead X o er Eb o 1 662 . t h d n . , p 1 68 a a ( 3, Rebecc Burn rd,

o adm . wid w, itted ) On e Messuage an d two closes a s at Elm s cont . 5 cre Four an d ss a s two other Me u ge . Sim o n d an d An thon y Hol m a Xto he r an d Kather e d , p Ebdo n an d il am an d ine , W li Katherin e Taylor (late Eb do n 1 6 6 s n ) . ( 9 , urre dered to I s ace a F rrin gton) . Eight acres at Rewes an d I I Ho un drewes — Rt n . . Fowli g A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 131

On e e s a Co urtla e ar M s u ge , g , G den and a a in orch rd, l te the tenure of Joan Haydon by o wn as her purch e .

a a Two cres etc . c lled Hound — . an a n rewe Jo B tt, He ry n an an d a i Co t M ry, his w fe, eldest daughter and heir m as a a of Tho B tt , Rich rd n an a a and a Co t , M rg ret S lter an Con t .

One s an n clo e of l d co t . two a m . a s l am cres J e , Wil i , n a rn a Be edict Bu rd. Four closes of lan d called Dole s co n a an d cro s t . eight cres a s o n e a n n i l o B r ewly bu lt . E s a i a a e Robert lli l s S lt r, ar s John H ri .

a n s Thom as Eight cres co t . two clo es a l Rewes and o o 1 6 . C k , 74 c l ed two other Jam es closes — John Cooke of Tre Bum ard z in o al an d Ane his , vi e C rnw l a w m 1 W ft . W n 675 . idow, ife to Alle n of Londo Gen t.

NEWTON AN D WARE

Twenty two acres and a quarter o 6 2 -vi z 6 s a a . clo es c lled Gr ss a Bro ad itt a Me dow, p , Ch se a Chen wa m p th , y y, Rush ore an d Cro wl ak e n n . A tho y a r in Floyerof B r Whitchurch, s Dor et .

One m a l at Cro wlake s l plott . o o 1 as n Wal ter B ti . Six acres at Shepeing alias Shepen Bo w lately in the s m a tenure cu to ry of Geo . t Sm ith K . 132 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Four closes call ed Mo lecro ss a n cont . eight cres . Joh m am s a n hn S ith , J e B tti , Jo an d a m Wm Jo n S ith, Brook in an d an m g, Jo (S ith) his i w fe . On e acre o f lan d — Sir George m an d n his S ith Joh , brother . s m o n n (Query qui od te e s . ) On e sm a l n l plott of grou d, n an s e fr chi ed .

I LL I LL AN D ADWAY H , R , R .

8 n a in s a a 2 4 . Gideo Two F rth g of l n d t Rad 0 H aydon way — Robt an d Joan Hay

Es . 1 66 . do n a n f q , 5 , Gideon H ydo Sen . Surra to Jas ea e Str chl y. ° a a d . H lf farthing of lan d at Rad o a — As i 2 w . n 8 y 4 . ’ 2 Rawlei h s a s at ll n a s 86 . g Three cre Ri e r Duke 0

a s . s s n Feoffees , h y Tru tee of Joh 1 6 Rawlei h fo r use 77 . g the of the

poor of Ottery . 2 Mar t Eve a s at Ril a i a ll 0 87 . g Six cre l l s Hi . n ° m Es Xto er . h leigh of J S ith q , p am n f hn an d E z a Gittish , Gover ju , Jo li n E a a spi ster, beth veleigh to M rg ret , 1 6 6 a to 1 E 8 . d ughter Rob veleigh an d at l aw a heir to Eliz beth . n On e s a l n s an d 288 . Gideo clo e c l ed Mo k Pitt o a n s s a Har H ydo , two clo e c lled Cold E1 8 1 661 a . am s a , to J bour J e B tt , Tho

treatchle . a m n n so n S y S l o , Gideo , of N a a ichol s H ydon . (Refer ence to Exchequer Suit 1 1 E a s at Earls a es l . h 0 2 89. Rob lis Three cre y 111 On e ss a an d an d 2 0 . W 0 9 Clode , Me u ge three o n e a arthi s an at 1 677 . h lf F ng of l d i an d — n m R ll Hill . Joh S ith

Es . an d Xto h r q p e Clode . I a as all r h ve rele ed he riotts ,

1 Po s ib co rru ti o f E li sha s se e o r Ro s ly a p on g y ; C u t lls.

134 A MAN OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

‘1 at a s 0 Rich Dag On e Farthin g F rwell . £ 4 3 h n a E a his wort y in Joh M rker , le nor , Ed a his aft . . right of widow, wife of Se rle an d N as wife , the ( ichol Clegg o n ly Dau f 1 695 Hen ry Marker jun r a m m an of Mich el to W Hock . a 1 2 0 Wm Ho cckm an Wm M rker , 7 to d n . m an an d m as . Hick Tho Cox of

Sidbury . m 1 72 3 W Hickm an an d o m as am i Th Coxto S uel Squ re . 1 am so n 735 S uel , only of sa am dee d an d the id S uel , s am e day Sam uel Squire surren dered the prem ises to m as a n Sidrn o uth Tho W rre of , a n M ri er . m COOk a a a — o W s t s . n , Two cre F rwell J h o o 9 a 1 6 Rich f1 o o E m o . n fter 5 7 Cook , C ke , d d Ai shfo rd m a , Hu phry Orch rd , Xto her a a p Gover , M rg ret

Cooke . s a s a a ll — o Tho Cook Two cre t F rwe s . J hn o o 9 Co rn ub Ann his W o W . , Cook , id w , ife of 1 6 m l 74 . W A len . Xto pher On e Messuage an d three far 0 6 8 s a l d B ack lak e Coke of thin g c l e . E o az o n . m er f Tre e xo , Tho . Coke g in a 6 a — A i 1 l s 2 8 . . n l n ch nt , 75 Cor w 9 Jo an Marker On e Farthing of land at Lancer o 3 4 a o m — as d ughter of c be . Roger Purch e , a n s ss R1 an d a H . M rker Ag e Cro , Gr ce a a E n s n n d li . Se ior of Purch e , Joh z Pur bro k e am as aft . Sho Ottery , ch e , , S uel C an d Sus an n ah Se award Henr lothier , , y a a d o M rker n d R P well . Rich ‘ll Mal Half a farthin g of lan d at Lan o 1 6

— a c erco m b Mallo ck . n d . e . lock , . Rich Robt On e farthing of lan d at Lancer o 4 8 — Ebdo n and o m e h a N . c b Jo n Ch ve , ich a d m an d lm n E i . Huisse W Wi ott , l z , his a a m an Edw‘1 an d wife , M ry H y , 1 6 a a — in s a a 79. M ry Cl rk peci l t il m a n re i der . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 35

0 n e a a 3 3. Roger O Messu ge n d o ne farthing £0 3 o a at Lancerco m be — Rt a S lter . n d m an a m n Strea c yeo , M ry Moore, Sy o t h ‘1 1 68 . and n Mallo ck 7 ley, Rich Joh , ell ett E a Ebdo n Robt J , dw rd n f ju .

WI GGATON MOORECOMBE AND Wo o rsco mnn , ,

Gai us One Messuage or Tenem en t in m — n Mall o ck Stocker, Burco be . Joh , 1 6 1 n an d m a n 7 . Stephe Tho si Stock er a s s so n , G iu their elde t . 1 692 William Stocker n ext an ten t . One Messuage and two farthings d a alf an h in Burcom be . adm an a i a Geo . n s R l s K owle , i n possession — adm ission as 0 in 3 4 . H alf a farthin g of lan d

On e Messuage and ﬁ ve acres at i a o n a W t n . gg Joh Ch ve , a s s M ry Hobb , Tho Fowler, an 1 a i s an d n a s D H rr Joh H rri . On e farthin g of lan d at Lan cer i a — n com be in W gg to n . Joh Chevi e a as a an d as in li Ch ve , O N 307 . a s i n Wi ato n — Four cre gg . Robt l Sti e . Three Messuages an d two acres o o ls co be m as at W m . Tho a m a a a an S l n , M rg rett Shorel d an d i d rithwell R ch F , her hus an R ‘1 l and El a b d, Hul iz beth aft Edw‘1 his w . idow, wife to

Matthew . B T o One a hi n at Wo o lsco m be . h Stile . f rt g 8 Tho Stile . Two acres at Wiggato n 1 36 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

On e Messuage an d o ne Far a i a o -Edwf1 thing t W gg t n . an d Tho m az in e m an Low , Nicholas Stocker and An stace a is w (Lowm n ) h ife . te — n N o . Joh Moore clerk is n ext Heir of Anstace hi s

m other . On e ar n at Wi ato n a l f thi g, gg c l ed 1 am s — Les . . m H Sir Geo S ith , ° m Es a a n n h . m s J S it q , J e B tti E n m an o n and of xo , erch t , J h ann a m Wm i n Joh S ith , Brook g of I vey Bridge near Ply m an d an m outh , Jo (S ith) his n wife , George Stephe s . n e s a s a 0 1 1 O clo e cont . 3 cre c lled Rud wa at i a o — An n g y W gg t n . l a n a V i an Pad Sti e , Jo n iv of s n tow, Joh Crees , George s Stephen . On e Messuage an d certain lan ds at Sto ck bo rro w called Great r Stock Bu row con t . seven a s n an d teen cre . Gideo E a m a liz beth Sher n . On e Messuage an d four closes n ten a s an d a a co t . cre h lf called Wo o lsco m be an d Waterl etts at Wiggato n an d another close called Farwells a s - m a cont . three cre . Tho s Tre arso e Cooke of g , Roger a a M yn e yeom n . On e a at n ill cre Spe sers H , i ato — an V an W gg n . Jo ivi of

a s w n s . P d to , Joh Cree On e close at Sto ckburro w at 2 0

Wi a o n a . gg t cont . 7 cres an d Wm ll Geo . Churchi ,

a s aft . Judith M r h his wife , an d an d Geo . Axe Judith l his W (Churchi l) ife . 1 e e e S p ag 34 .

1 38 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

hn Clo ad E a Ebdo n Jo , dw rd ‘ sen l WIn E , veleigh of Hol m an d An n s co be , his elde t d a an d ughter heir . Ed d 2 . w O e s a l s n 3 7 n clo e c l ed Colwell co t . Ebdo n a s an d o n e a , four cre p rcel of 1 68 m a a Le e rai 4 . e dow c lled v sh c a s an a on t . three p rt of cre i in an d m ly ng Tipton Co be . As in 326 exceptin g Ann . — 28 . n s s at Cro wlak e E 3 Gideo Two clo e . liz . m an m an Sher Sher . (enfran chised) 2 3 9 . Henry Seven or eight acres at Chettis a — T rr , holt . Geo . Holwell , George 1 6 1 . h a n 7 C urchill of Rockbe re , Joh w l n r Hol ell , Geo . Holwe l ju of Co li to Rawl ei n gh . s s a s at Four clo e cont . four cre C ettis o lt ~— m h . h . h Sir Geo S it , m am s a n John S ith , J e B tti , an d an m Wm John Jo S ith , an d a n n Jo n Brooki g, He ry a T rr or Torr . On e Messuage an d o n e acre at Le verash for the use of the

Poor of Ottery . ss a a n an d One Me u ge , g rde , s a s o an d even cre . Anth ny

Eli an o r P o hi s a . l yer , d ughter The above prem ises were divi ded between Marshall

r . an d a . Ay e Ann C rter , widow

METCOM B E AN D MOORCOMBE .

e a a e co m be — n On cre t M t . Joh o a d h s a n T o M re .

One farthing at B uc khill an d 0 n ad — Na an s Gor Sl e . th iel Wil o a m a se n lr an d den , J hn H y n f John jun . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY I 39

Richd Ell yo tt i s the only so n of John Ellyo tt and Dorothy only child of John a m an n r H y ju .

FLUXTON

am s s a l h 335 . S uel Five clo e c l ed the W it ' I sack ul m s n ﬁ n a s ju , ore co t . ftee cre . 1 6 An n i and a V an 75 St le Jo ne ivi ,

n ran . a an d (e f chised) widow, d ughter heir of Rt il n am I sack St e ge t, S uel , a n E n l te Tow Clerk of xo , to hi s younges t s o n Dr Sam 1 I sack m a n his , with re i der to eldest so n Richard by his ﬁrst

6 n 1 00 a s an d — n and 33 . Gideo cre of l Joh a n an a so n H ydo , Jo H ydon , Gideon , of 1 a n . 1 665 . Rob H ydo ass One n m an d 337 . B ett Te e ent one hundred and Fulford acres of Was t upon the West for the Down in Ottery — Sir Robt Man or of Bassett an d An n Fulford 1 w Marsh . wido . 1 5 99 Sir Robt Bassett granted the Manor of Marsh Bowdon an d all the lands parcel thereof i n Ottery un to s arn s Edwd n Tho B e , Bowdo , W111 Barn es an d Chas Rich h n ards o n . George C ow of Rockbeat used to pay this

rent . 8 Edd a s Lan n 33 . Sir Twelve cre of d upo the as an r Cary 1620 . W te of the M or of Otte y , n a Flu xto n a s at e r , three cre Littlem o o re an d four acres m li ff — n at Wor C Joh Gove, a K1 Sir Geo . C ry , Lettice

L a a . a ke , l te wife of Geo C ry , d a hi s Ed Rich C ry brother ,

ward Cary of Bradford Esq.

1 e r A esb e re o n th e we s side o f We s Hi . Marsh Gre en, n a y l a , t t ll 1 40 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

This rent is decayed an d hath n o t been received for m any years but the lands are supposed to be jum bled in a ’ part of MI Elwell s tenem en t a nu per Wares t Fluxto n . 24 March At this Court an I n quisition 6 a was a n o n a t 5 , Ch rles t ke the p r (of) 1 E a a K1 hi s R . . dw rd C ry of title to the prem ises and the ver i o f was a d ct the Jury , th t the sam e Edward Cary Kt had m s s right to the pre i e , but where the sam e lieth they an were ign or t . d — a at r Mem . Th t this Cou t the prem ises were surren dered by Ju° Gove un to Sir George Cary Kn t an d his Heirs an d at the s am e Court it is pre sented that the sam e Jn° Gove sold unto the said Sir a an d s his Geo . C ry his Heir Soccage Lan ds at Fluxto n con tain ing 1 0 farthin gs of Lan d an d by reason of the Un ity of Possession of the said Soccage lan ds an d Copy hold prem ises both in the said Jn° Gove before their Sale an d i n Sir George Cary an d his Heirs an d Assign s since the Sale thereof un to him m ade by the said Jn° Gove as ass d n 2 s , the re t of per a sa rm . for the id Copyhold prem ises i s decayed an d the Lan ds of Copyhold Ten ure swall owed up by the Soccage — l Lan ds See folio 7 Jn o Elwel . Queri e if the Chan e"y will n o t devi ce the arrs of Ren t in curred an d sell out Lan ds to be subject to the Ren t and

1 42 MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

1 o n e Ottery Mercer (fol . 35 ) Close of Lan d con taini ng 1 acre an d half lyin g n ext the Cli ff an d who hath also purchased the Premi ses of am I sack a S uel , we ver, both which closes adj o in e each to other took Licien ce to pull down the Hedge and Fence between those two Closes paying forever at Christm as a o n e P ye rly epper Corn . Hee i s to leave som e Trees as a s n n was ig where the fe ce . One Acre of Lan d call ed Kn aves Acre lyin g at Long l n . n a n a thor e Joh B ro , S m a k t I s c (Sen ) . 1 1 0 1 Sam I sack u n 7 , s rre dered the Prem ises to Richd a M rker . Two Closes of Land at Brad a n n ﬁ ve a leigh cont i i g cres . an s P nn an Fr ci y y, Fr cis P n a P n n e ny , Jo n e eyof Buck an S t a s n dau h l d M ry, pi ster, g ter of John Penn ey (niece of an s Pi n Fr ci ) , Alice tt , spi ster, i an Edwd of Ottery, Jul wife of

n s s P . Fry , o ly i ter of Alice itt On e Messuage— bounded with a St Mil street and Bro d . , Hi n estre e t si c — and ( ) . George n Joh Holwell , George Chur ill n ll ch , Joh Holwe , George

Trobridge . On e Cottage and three Rodds an n in of L d lyi g Jesus Street , in the poss ession of Toby

m as . n n Tho A tho y Floyer, Eli an o r P loyer . One Mes suage and Garden at U End Bassl ane the pper of , An d o n e parcel of Land co n N A MA OR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 143

a n n al an a a t i i g h f cre , c lled

the Moun t . John an d m a a am s a Tho s M re , J e nd

E . Clo ad am s d liz , J e Clo e, so n their . l 1 . Sam I sack On e ss a Co urtl a e an d 35 , Me u ge , g 1 68 a . n an d o n e a 7 G rde , Close t Sand wa n ain n y y , co t i g two acres — George I s ack of Sid n an s bury , Joh S der , Mercer .

1 . n On e s at San d wa a l 35 He ry Clo e y y , c l ed Marker The Three Corn er Close con n f ain in o n e a ju , t g Acre n d a hal f 68 a 1 . t El a f 7 lwell ne r the Cli f . Sam 1 I sac k . Hen ry Marker took a ly s l n cen e to pu l dow the hedge . n ° See 345 .

2 . am s s s at a 35 J e Two clo e Ridgw y cont . n a a s — a an d Rd Bur rd , four cre Sith 1 66 S o o rd . t f hn e d an d 4 , Jo B ne ict n a Joh Burn rd . s . Axe On e ss a co u rtl a e an d 35 3 Tho , Me u ge , g 6 a 1 . n n n 79 g rde , bou ded by the Tow a brook on the South p rt . a (1 and a ah Sith , Rich S r Sto l Stre atchlei h ford , Angel g , Axe George . R d ss a in a 35 4 . ich Cheek One Me u ge Bro d St . an d a a an d ‘1 Sto fo rd M ry Sith Rich , his Wi a in an d a fe, Robt, K ther e M ry

aft . a 1 672 . Brooker ( M ry Cheek) . ° i a d ss a s n St . , Two Me u ge Bro d 1 6 2 a n an d a 7 . Robt, K theri e M ry e Brook r . m On e ss a an d a s 6 . W s 35 Fro t , Me u ge two cre 1 El i s Wm Ro wall an 1 6 1 . 7 Rob l , , En a E i s s n f n n e s ll e , A tho y m En as E s al as S ith , e lli i a W111 an d a s S lter , Gr ce Fro t Wm so n a six for her , ged a 1 6 ye rs in 67 . i d a On e ss a co urtla e an d 35 7 . R ch Te p, Me u ge , g 1 6 a n an 73. g rden , ext the l d of the 144 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Lord of the Manor o n the s — R1 E is a i a a we t ll l s S lter, John Harris (m ercer) an d 111 a ho r W L t p . One acre of m eadow in Water a — am lett l n e J es Collins . ﬁ ve a s a Two closes con t . cre t a o n e a Ridgw y , close c lled n s n a s Gree clo e co t . two cre , o n e close called Well s close a h m as cont . two cres . T o Tre az o e in n Coke of g Cor wall . a On e ss a i n Gr ce Me u ge High Street . m as T e az o e P h r . idgeon , T o Coke of g 6 1 75 . On e ss a in 361 . John Me u ge the High an d o n e a m ea Down , Street cre of

1 6 . at Ru d wa be 75 dow lying g y , tween the lan ds o f Mary an w H bury, idow, the Lord an Pisk e a of the M or , y L ne a d m a n Holco be L ne . as a Thom Coke of Treg z o e . On e Messuage an d garden in 0 I O a and ass an Ch pple St . B L e lately con verted into three n s m as dwell i g hou es . Tho Tre az o e Coke of g . One a al Kickl e at 363. Gideon cre c led y Sherm an (en Ridgway — Jam es Coll ins of an hi s Kilrnin to n m an fr c ed) , g , yeo , John

m an . 1 672 . Sher On e ss a an d a n in 364 . Henry Me u ge g rde — T 08 a d 1 Marker Mill St . h n Rob f an An n Glanvill jun , Buckl d , of N an d 1 68 . n 5 ewton Abbot , iece Tho S an heir to Buckl d . Wm One ss a an d a n 365 . Mercer , Me u ge g rde in a l Wm Co rham a ds . fterw r Mi l St , is m as an d an n es h . Ag , Tho Jo Mercer 1 il a 60 1 6 2 . 2 c . 1 widow, 7 Apr 7 J 9, Pre n ha Wm a n n se ted t t Ch n o , Clerk of the Mark ett Setta (si c) Pale before the Ten em ent

1 46 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

s ss a a a 378 . Chri topher One Me u ge c lled the Roy l Oak ll ar Coke of in Mi Street , with g E m e r an d a — n Ha . d v xon , den orch r Joh an 1 6 e ll s an d a ch t , 75 . , Chri topher M ry a a m as Pope (l te H vell) , Tho a Coke of Cornw ll . s at Ru d a o ne One clo e gw y con t . acre an d o n e m eadow call ed H ask ewell a s cont . two cre an d a a f — As in 6 h l 3 9 . On e Me ssu a e arden an d g , g court i Ti hi — a n ll St . As 6 l ge p in 3 9 . On e ss a an d ﬁ ve a s Me u ge cre , s m m s — n° I sack s o eti e J .

- As in 369 . 82 m a ss a an d o n e a 3 . Sher n , One Me u ge cre 1 6 i f a n 39. with the cl f djoi ing. d a d a m a Rich n Jo n Sher n . n On e m ad an d o n e o s a 383. Gideo e ow cl e ne r m a s o m a —As Sher n . King t n e dow. in 373. On e m eadow called North 0 brooke m eadow lying at — N As 6 . orthbrook . in 3 9 On e acre of land at Bradleigh by Lan dsco re with an acre belongi ng to feoffees of Raw

— t R E li s a as a e . leigh , l , li S lt r d 6 a On e o s . a s a 8 . 3 Rich Te p , cl e cont four cre c lled m as m Vasem o re l ercer , B e ore or ying a e albo rn e am s 1 0 t Y . 68 . J e , i (1 an d Em a a s R ch br ce S nder , (1 a s Jam es so n of Rich S n der . d 8 a a n an d r o s s n . 3 7 . Rich Te p, One b r th ee cl e co t a s a Cla shill 1 680 . eight cre c lled pp a e l — As i e n 86 . t G rw l . 3

n One a an d a a at Kee clesse . 388 . Joh cre h lf ds — an V a wi an d Gol Jo ivi n , dow, a s an d a n ds worthy , Ch rle K theri e Gol

1 . 667 . worthy (John Han bury hath a lon g

lease of the prem ises . ) On e w s co urtl a e 8 . n 3 9 Joh d elling hou e , g , an a a d an d a H bury, orch rd , g r en little o n in n 1 676 . plott of gr u d the tow A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 147

an d o n e close of lan d at Brad i a — a le gh con t . two cres Jo n V i a n an iv n , Joh H bury the an d a a elder M ry H n bury . On e n m n co u rtla e o r Te e e t , g , chard an d garden s i n Mill Street an d one close at Ger l a wel or Br dl eigh cont . two a s o n e s at Lo n t ho rne cre , clo e g a s an d s con t . two cre two clo es at Rud wa o a s . g y c n t . four cre — n m Es Joh S ith q. On e s all B a lo se clo e c ed rn c cont . two acres at Rudgway an d a i — n one b rn bu lt therein . Joh a s S nder . a On e close at Ru dgw y con t . four acres an d one close at

a h a s . Gre t Butts cont . t ree cre Thom as Coke of Co m a l aft a l w l ( . to Gr ce Cul iford i d w ow) . On e ss a a d an d Me u ge , g r en three acres near the cliff — W111

Sherm an . Two acres at Bradl eigh — Query a s d if n o t enfr n chi e . a s at On e close con t . four cre — Na a il s Lo n gtho rn . th niel W m D D do n W s n . . to O bor e , , Peter Sain thill of Bradn inch r d Es s n . q , Rich O bor , Geo

E . m ha Potter of xon , erc nt , Hugh Sto ffo rd of Dowland f es Gent . , feo fe for the poor of r e Chy n l y .

On e clos e called the acre cont . o n e acre an d a half lying i a south of Tippleh ll L ne . sdo n Nathan iel Wil . One acre call ed Two acres lyin g near an orchard o n the a north part of Tiphill L ne .

N athaniel Wilsdo n . 148 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

s 8 . Nischo a s a a 39 Two cre , one cre c lled a a Lo n tho rn e sm a l a Se w rd, g , l p rcelwith 1 m hs a n a 683. S it B rn e r Three s — Na an Wilsdo n Stone th iel , Rd a a Se w rd .

ss a a n an d One Me u ge , g rde co urtl a e i n a g Ch pple St . Na han l am an d a t iel , Wil i J ne Wilsdo n aft Sto fo rd E a . , liz 1 beth an d Rob Whetco m be ser em ak er n of Ottery , g , He ry a se r M rker n .

0 n On e s a 40 . Joh Lee clo e c lled Three Acres a a — N a a . n . s n we ver co t three cre th iel , Elizabeth and Bartholom ew Wilsd a o o n (Eli z . d ughter f Wm Wilsdo n Rd right heir) , an d E a S o fo rd liz beth t . (A contention arose about s thi property . )

N ‘s On e ss a i n n n 40 1 . icho Me u ge le gth ext a a the s s an d Se w rd, treet eventeen feet n o n s — As 1 684 . butti g up the treet 0 in 40 . One Messuage an d garden in s s i n o Je u Street , the oc n patio n of Henry Rhesto rick an d two other m essuages an d a — As in 00 g rdens 4 .

a On e ss a a d an d 0 . 4 3 Rebecc Me u ge , Orch r 1 a s a a h s and H rri , g rden ne r the S utt

1 8 w s En d . 6 5 . To ne of Ottery a s n a an d Re D niel , Ju ti i n

a a r s aft . o becc H r i , wife of J hn Philips of Barn stable (1 692)

aft . E a a ( to dw rd B ker, yeo m an ) . s 0 ss a an d a n . 4 4. Tho Stile , One Me u ge g rde

d m as . n . . Tho Style Query de Herede et quis

m odo Tenet .

1 “ h 2 Pronoun c e d lo cally s oots se e page 3 .

15 0 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

a n E a an d (1 K theri e , dw rd Rich a m P l er . 1 2 n On e ss a an d a 4 . Joh Me u ge four cres in m Es n m S ith q. , the town . Joh S ith . d is a n . . Query who now ten n t Two acres at Bradl eigh On e ss a an d a a d John Me u ge g rden n a s in three cre the town . Smi th Query Two acres an d o n e rodd at Lo n tho e g rn . who is now n e o re at Rud way 1 ne Messua e ang ar e 4 7 . 8 g g d n in the tenan t " town an d o n e acre at Brad

leigh . 1 8 n ss a an d a n a 4 . He ry One Me u ge g rde t Marker Mill Street boun ded with the the house called the Whi te Horse an d o n e s an n younger , clo e of l d co t . 1 6 a i a a a 77 . one cre ly n g n e r C dh y Wood an d the river Tale a an d o n e s o n e w ter clo e cont . acre at Tiphill head — John m s l S ith , Tho Mitchel . e ss a an d a d 1 . On n i n 4 9 . Th Mitchell , Me u ge g r e i t — n m so n . of Th M ll Stree Joh S ith .

Mitchell , felm o n er g ,

1 65 5 . Rob1 Two Messuages an d gardens in

Whiple Mill Street . Sir George

m Kt . m Es m . of Co be S ith , John S ith q , Rawlei h am s a an d a g , J e B ttin , John Jo n m m a m W an d a o yeo n , S ith , Jo n Bro k in a am m m as 1 68 . 7 g, Abr h A ery , Tho

Hewes of Hon iton .

1 a ss a i n Patern o stero w. 42 . John H re , One Me u ge — n an d an m h Wm 1 686 . Joh Jo S it , an d o a i a J n Brook ng, M ry m as an d a Powell , Tho M ry l s a Wi l , Gilbert H re . at Ti ill On e Acre ph . On e Messuage m Courthill One Messu age an d garden in

the town of Ottery . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 5 1

2 i On e n m n s 4 5 G lbert Te e e t , outhou es , 0 a n f co urtl a es a s s Or H re ju , g , b ck ide , 1 686 a s an d a al . ch rd g rden c led the am b — n m Holy L Joh S ith , of a i l a s n f He v tree , Gi bert H re e .

6 am On e s n . o ne a at 42 . S uel clo e co t cre Tip l a — a r a 1 6 . h . n Te p , 79 il he d He ry M rker jun 2 r ss a co urtl a e an d 0 0 1 0 4 7 . Hen y One Me u ge , g ar a n at Ti hill M ker , g rde p foot . R a a 1 649 . ich rd M rker . 28 n ss a an d a s at 4 . He ry One Me u ge two cre ar E a i a Gerwill — a M ker , lwell l s Jo n d 1 6 1 a a . 4 . M rker , Rich M rker 2 f s On e s s a an d a s i n 4 9. Feo fee Me u ge eight cre — a s a l an d of Colyton . Ottery Fr nci B gwel

others . MI WI n Culliford used to a s p y thi rent . 0 s On e s s a an d o n e a at 43 . Feoffee Me u ge cre — Ti hill t As 2 . of Colyton . p Foo in 4 9

1 n ss a an d a n . 43 . Gideo One Me u ge g rde a n an d a a n H ydo , Robert Jo n H ydo ,

n a n . 1 665 . Gideo H ydo 1 0 o a 5 7 , J n , wife of George a dee d an d m as Ha C ry , Tho y 1 so n an d i ( don , he r of Rich a adm 1 8 H ydon itted ; 5 9 ,

s a his W o a m . Chri ti n , id w, d itted 2 On e ess a an d a n — As 43 . Gideon M u ge g rde

a n 1 . H ydo , in 43

1665 . 433 Gideon Three quarters of an acre at H aydon su r Tal ewater o n the west part

rendered to an d o n e close at Whitley . (1 — an d a a R Marker . Robert Jo n H ydon , a Gideon H ydon . s On e ac at a ham s by 434 John Ro t , re W re Min ister at L an dsco re with two other

a s m a . Gittisham . cre of e dow there a an d i ‘1 John , M rgery R ch

Po tbur m s h . y , A bro e C urchill — ° 1 6 See n 6 . a l n Surrendered to R . Ch p i ,

then to I s aiah Farringt on . 1 5 2 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

m On e an at a 435 . Hu phry rodd of l d W reham He adware — n n . n Lo g, ext the Joh wa 1 6 8 . a 7 . Coke of Corn ll , Geo T ylor

. . a o E a gent , Geo T yl r , liz beth his s s an d aft W i ter heir , . ife m r L n of Hu ph y o g. 2 a 2 a M rch Ch r . R . See the Presentm en ts of the n n Wa m A tie t y to the pre ises . 6 t1 a ss a a 43 . Rich B rt One Me u ge ne r the Mil ls i n r — a n ill St . a lett , ju , M Rich B rtlett , the

1 . 666 . elder ‘1 a s an d o n e a 437 . Rich Two cott ge p rcel of a t a o n e s a B r lett , l nd, other Me su ge, n r co urtla e a an d o n e ju , g , g rden a h ss a 1 666 . a cre , one ot er Me u ge n d a n an d g rde , one other dwell i n g house an d two cottages an d h sm a l a one ot er l p rcel . ‘ d a s l Rich B rtlett en . 8 ss a s in 43 . Two Me u ge the town f On e ss a at 439. Feo fees of Me u ge the west m en d o n W Sher of the t w . e s at a — m a d. On 0 . m n n . h W 44 , clo e Br dleig a Sherm n . ff s On e ess a in Feo ee of M u ge Mill Street , nm an n m an We , We , for the poor of

n d . . . Ottery ann a On e ss a in a 442 . H h Me u ge Bro d St a at Ti hill a Frost , one cre p He d . m as Tre az o e 1 6 . 75 . Tho Cooke of g Elian o r On e a a an d o 443. b rn , g rden , toft f 0 I O i a an in T hi ll St . a co n Ch pple , l d p , l tely i n to a li n s 1 689. verted dwel g hou e . m W an d An n his w Allen ife, Christopher an d John an d m as Tho Coke . an On e ss a a n an d Christi Me u ge , g rde m a an co urtl a e — W Richd F rr t , g Coke , a l Ge o a a t . n and widow, B r ett , F rr t , am s a 1 665 . J e B tt . has a On e ss a an d a n in 445 . C C wley , Me u ge g rde l St — Wm o s un f so n . j , of Mi l C ke , Tho s a a an . Ch C wley , L e a serge we ver .

1 5 4 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

The Archbishop of Rouen ns n Henr I I I with the co e t of y . gran ted thi s Manor to Sir Wm de Cheney an d Felicia his wife an d their heirs an d assign s in free s occage at a n re t one lb . of wax to o ur an 8 1 a M or of Ottery M ry .

One ss a n m n 0 Me u ge or te e e t , £ 1 o co urtlage an d garden near the Fle — xto n . Geo rge Haydon to Gideon Haydon his nephew an d heir in tm st for the

School of Ottery . N ata — m an m a Me or du . Th t this tenem en t belon geth to the school m aster of Ottery and the garden thereunto belongi n g i s lai d un to the schoolhouse there o n the s south ide thereof .

On e ss a a an d 2 Me u ge , one orch rd o 4 a s s a a two cre , one Me su ge nd a all B o n dsho use g rden c ed , o n e Messuage an d garden all d a s s — c e D y Hou e Eliz . an d ‘1 Sto fo rd Rich . Two acres at Tiphill r r St ob idge .

NEW BAR TON TENURE

TENEME Nrs SOLD 11: FEE OR FOR SOME LONG TENURE o r EARS RESER I N G S OME IT RENrs Y V QU .

Rob‘ Rookwood an d Chetti sho ld Situ £1 0 o e d i n ham ate n d a n o n Eas L g g , u er the be co t - ll . S xt s n a s . 1 661 . Hi cont i y eve cre n i — an H o w l ‘1 Be ed ct Jo l e l , Rich Drew 1 Po tbur an d Le d in ham y , Rob g g who 6 in s m Re 1 6 9. sold fee i ple the A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 5 5

m ain der of several long m s a n ter e of ye rs , bei g then ran Wall a n s n g ted to B r e , Joh Barn es an d W1I 1 Le ape in trust for the said Ben edict Po tbury and to atten d the I n an him herit ce thereof to . Robt One Ten em en t called Streatyate Led in ham n n n a s g g , lyi g upo or e r We t

1 66 1 . n o ne d an Dow con t . hun red d n ﬁ ve a s in Joh cre Sold fee , the Mayn e of rem ain der of a lon g term of Exon years — Edm on d Pri deaux 16 0 Es Le d in ha . . m 7 q , Robt g g , Pa n a n Robt te for Joh M y e . a m s in Fluxto n n Robt P l er co t . Led i n ham n a d in g g , seve ty four cres Sol 1 661 m a n a n . fee, the re i der of lo g n rm a s — n a Joh te of ye r Joh W re , a n Rd Pa m Ro t e d in ham M y , l er , g g ,

1 6 0 . Pa n a n 7 Robt te for Joh M y e . in n t n Robt Morris Alphi g o con t . Led i n ham hirt a s — m g g , t y four cre Hu phry P an d 1 66 1 E n . . veleigh, Be j , eter, n a n m hr r s Le d Joh M y e, Hu p yMor i , Robt g

1 6 0 n am Pa a n . 7 . i gh , Robt te for M y e 6 n Nu er an s— One l n 4 5 . Joh p Fr k dwel i g s s co urtla e an d a n Corn i h hou e , g g rde l' 1 in a o s . sen 6 . , 5 4 P tern ter Row John The prem is es were dem ised Co rn ish to John Corn ish the elder for r a Detble = dete rm in n 1 66 . s ju , 3 99 ye r ( able) o n the several deaths of n rn s a his Joh Co i h , M ry wife , Redden d an d John their so n . 8 9 per annum at Ladyday an d Michaelm as by equal portions an d afterwards 1 July (1 663) the prem ises were gran ted to John Corn ish the younger Habben d from en d a n the , expir tio or other soon er determ in ation of the form er lease for 1 000 years 1 5 6 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

without im peachm en t of Wast Reddenda 8 S per annum a I a a in M n fores id . 66 d Nu er as a s On e 4 . Rich p J per S lter s i n s Co urtla e an d Corni h , dwell g hou e , g 1 6 a in a rn s 5 5 . g rden P te o ter Row Richd bounded on the east by the n s an d o d an Cor i h , l of the L r of the M or 1 66 an d s a 3. on the we t by th t of a Cook of Cornw ll . Demi sed to Richd Corni sh ars m n a o n for 99 ye , deter i ble the s a a s h“ ever l de th of Ric , s hi s an d o s Ro e wife, J eph their so n an d afterwards 1 6 1 a ( 6 3) for 000 ye rs etc . as in 465 . 6 d Nu e r a h s— m n 4 7 . Rich p Th tc er Tene e t ni s a d n an d a in a Cor h , g r e orch rd P ter — i a a s . h h 1 663. no ter Row R ch T tc er — then for 1 000 years to R(1 Corn ish witho ut im peach o a m ent f W st . 68 n Nu er Se arleS — M s s a 4 . Joh p One e u ge Vaughan an d one acre adjoin in g in or d an Es 1 66 . a o ll d q. , 3 ne r the C e ge one acre or ro dd i n Waterlett Lane One parcel of groun d heretofo re o f the waste lyin g upo n the hill between the lan ds called Stre atyate an d s a s — hn Pitt cont . even cre Jo Well s for years an d o n 23 July 1 663 to John Va Es 1 000 a s ughan q. for ye r Witho ut im peachm en t of was te . The Messuage an d acre of lan d in the Coll edge are ad join in g to the o ld house of o Va an Es in J hn ugh q. the Colledge an tien tly call ed the ’ W Warden s ho use an d M Co llins an d Mrs Am ey Drake

1 5 8 MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Part of nu per Woodlan ds ten e m — On e ss a a ent Me u ge , g rden an d o e a a n cre ne r the Shutts . '5 — Mr Em bran ce San ders

All granted to John Tisser for 1 0 00 years without im peachm ent o i was t— sin ce s Va a old to Hugh ugh n . Birds Clo s e to be held by Warwick Ledgi n gham during the natural li fe of Martha Le d i n ham his m o g g ther . ’ 2 m n hill s m i e 47 . Si o Churc Ten e en t n M t a s o n s m o s n ﬁ e P r of co be c nt . eve ty v d a s an d a s . Si bury , cre three qu rter 66 1 ill . 9 . Peter Church Ro b 1 Par Maddo cks Ten em ent i n Met s ns m as m a d . n o , Tho co be cont twenty eight a s ns a a a s — a im i li an P r o , h lf cre M x l — s s . ad o s i n s m Tru tee M d ck fee i ple . 473 John Nu per Mo gridge s Tenem ent a l ss a co urtl a e an d H vel , One Me u ge , g 1 a n Mi lstre e t o 669 . g rde in c n verted (1 669) into three dwelli ng o s s An d o n e s h u e . clo e lying at h . a W itley cont two cres . George Mogridge in fee sim ple " ’ o m as o s a — a a 474 . Th Greg ry Be r One p rcel t m a a s n Stre t te . s n a s O o d , y cont eve cre — 1 6 0 . in s m 7 fee i ple . m as Cro w itt— s as 475 . Tho p One clo e of p ture

d n . a s n a Pi geon , co t three cre lying e r Cheen wa — i S m 1 6 0 . n 7 y fee i ple . ’ a s a a s m n 476 . Fr nci P rt of Dr ke Tene e t o h ss a a an d D rc , One Me u ge , g rden

1 6 1 . o a 7 rch rd in Mill Street . N o as Nu er am s a s— ne I O 477 . ich l p J e M tthew O an ss a n m H cock , Me u ge or te e ent in 1 6 2 o a am s 7 . Br d St . wherein J e Matthews the Sm ith som e tim es did dwell an d held the sam hi s l e by copy for ife . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 5 9

111 W Parcel of Stephens Ten em ent ul i On e s at Ti C l ford , clo e phill head 6 1 . n a s 73 co t . two cre . l e m 479 . Gi bert Nup r W Co llin s n e close a a s H re , cont . three cre between the 6 1 . s an d 73 Butt Woodford . d Nu 480 . Rich per Jam es Matthews an d o 4 P a owell , Dorothy M tthews alias 1 a m 673. W re for erly by copy of Court Roll for their several li ves — On e acre at Long

thorne . 1 n No sses m — 48 . Joh Tene en t On e Mes 1 1 0 Vaughan suage an d garden i n Mill

Es . 1 66 . . q , 3 Street n e s a O clo e cont . three cres — On e m a e dow cont . two acres and a half— both adj o in in g to the Mill Stream an d are now parted with a ail n m R betwee the . a s at a On e Two cre Br dl ey . s at i f o n clo e Cl f Furl g cont . a Milh o le a s . M id con t . four cre — Mlr No sse an d Mr Clapp of

Sidbury . Nu per Jam es Salte r— On e Mes suage in the Colledge with a garden before it an d two acres of lan d thereun to ad joinin g — Gran ted for 1 000 years without im peachm ent

of wast . ’ Em bran ce Nu er Em bran ce an s s 0 10 483. p S der hou e an a a — S ders , in the M rket Pl ce One 2 d e l in s an d s 1 67 . w l g hou e hop Judith situate i n the Market Place I sack a n a . djoi ing to the w ll of the

John Churchyard o n the west part . San ders An d als o another piece of an d Judith groun d i n Tipton whereon a n a n was an tie n tl hi s wife . tythi g b r y built but sin ce ruinated an d is con verted in to a cottage in 1 60 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

the occupation of Katherin e Ebdo n Widow an d Margaret

‘ Ebdo n s s pin ter , or one of them Em brance San ders life was upon it Who is sin ce ad de . The Greyhoun d I n n at Aish On e Messuage at Aish an d two farthin gs of lan d called is a ds — E h . A hl n . George veleig Two farthings there with barn an d s — E hippen . John veleigh , an d s Henry d Rich Collin . One piece of form erly was t groun d n o w en closed be tween the Hon iton an d Feni a — an ton highw ys . Gr ted to Rich ‘1 Way an d John Rum s I KI below trustee for W Putt . Sixty acres call ed the Heath 0 1 3 ﬁ elds n ear the Greyhound a I nn t Aish . John Wright — i for three lives AS n 484 . To pay forty shillings fo r every thirty days the ren t a shall be unp id . Tailors H o use in the Coll edge m a s n s a d One n io hou e , g r en an d orchard next M“5 Collins a a house . One cre ne r Oxen ham Leaze an d one close near the head ware — John Court a ney , Geo . T ilor . s n m n I I I Collins of Exon . Te e e t One Messuage an d garden in Mill Street an d three closes ﬁ e a s an d o n e cont . v cre

m eado w near Oxe n le az e cont . ’ a — l n s three cres . John Col i of E a h a xon . , pot ec ry, by copy r i fo h s life . ’ Phill ip Pile s Ten em ent at Talford 0 1 2 On e ss a an d far P 1 6 6 . ile , 7 Me u ge four things at Talford — Fran cis

1 62 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

' Part of Drake s Tenem ent in Mill Street an d o ne close i n ’ a a Winter s L ne cont . one cre . — a L wrence Ditcher , who rem oved the east fence an d a s at Ti hill laid it to clo e p . — a Xto her John H vell , p Pope an d a hi s o n e M ry wife , or of

them . Part of Stre atchleighs Tene N0 rent m en t— Three acres of Arable reserved Land at Bradleigh an d Ti hill — l]Streatchlei h p Ange g , a w Stre atchl ei h Law M the g , n a rence Ditcher , Joh H vell , Christopher Pope an d Mary i w — A h s ife s i n 491 . 493 John Ditchers ali as Dillings Tene No rent m — ss a s in s Hibbert , ent Two Me u ge re erved n d ll s an d ten a . . Mi treet cres of an d — As i n 1 L 49 . n Pa a d s n m n in N0 e 494 . Joh rt of G r ner Te e e t r nt ibbert o s — n s n a s s e e H , G ford Twe ty eve cre re rv d n d n a a n s C1 05 5 1 an d o n e . . e r Sp i parcel of a ten em en t called ’ — ar n s . m as ri G d er Tho Mor s , m P i li a m W . h l p P l er , Kerridge — 1 As in 49 . 495 John Braddo n s Tenem en t— Two Far No rent in s at Al t n — es d Hibbert , th g phing o Rich r erve ard Mo un ste hen n p , Joh a s m as an s s n r W tt , Tho S der e an d f h m a a jun , T o s C wley, n an s n a He ry S der , Ber rd a an s us Wright . Gr ce S der , J tin ian Braddon by Copy of l l s Court Ro l for their ive . in 1 As 49 . n a s m — No n 496 . Joh S lter Ten e ent O ne Mes re t s a an d si n a s s e Hibbert , u ge xtee cre . re erv d d a n . n a a . Joh Con nt , M rg ret his s s a a n i ter, l te wife of M rti a — As i n S lter . 493.

1 ’ Som eti m es wri tte n Spence r s Cross ; se e Court Rolls . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 63

Part of Stephens Tenem en t i n £0 1 0 o Broad Street— On e Messua ge an d a n h a G rde , the W ite H rt I n n n o n s bei g the n orth ide . — an s Fr ci Stephen; widow, by er Copy of Court Roll for h li fe . Granted to John Baron for 900 years without im peach m en t of waste . Part of Axes Tenem ent— On e 1 ss a a a s ar Me u ge, b rn , b ck ide , g den co urtla e an d a , g , orch rd in — a Mill street Rich rd Axe . Granted for 900 years with a out im pe chm en t o f waste .

NEW BARTON TENURE I N POSSESSI ON

TEN EMENrs 1 0 B E S OLD AN D CHARGED WI TH QUI T ENTS B EI N G EXCEPTED 1 6 R , 73

499 Part of Three acres at Northbro ok m a s n u er m as hi — Sher n . p Tho W te . Hugh a S lter . o i n a s m a in a 0 5 00 . L rd g Four cre of e dow Wigg ’ — m to n n u er W s . m ore . p Mercer d a Ri ch S lter . — He cro fts On e o s in ill St . nu er 0 I O 5 0 1 . y h u e M p e re le t On e ho use in Geo r T m t . ali as I sacks . g — n s Mill St n u per An Philli p . s In i l — ~ nu er On e hou e M l St . p t a On e s i n Marg H rris . Hou e nu er N as Mill St . p ichol

a s at a l . Pri est . Three cre Br d ey d 0 1 0 On e s i l . an 2 Cu fo rds . 5 0 . lli hou e in M l St Win ters Lan e— n u per John San s s s der . One hou e in Winter — a a Lan e h uper S m uel Cl pp . One house in Win ters Lan e a nuper Sam uel B rber . ’ P a s s a s a n 0 5 03. e r e Two cre of l nd betwee nuper Win ters Lan e an d the town a s m ill s — s a s H rri . Chri topher Pe r e for a the li fe of H rris . 1 64 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

0 Bu ckhill s ﬁ ve a s 5 4 . Twenty cre in Met an d com be— nuper Po tbury an d ’ l a n s ur . F rthi g . Ch chi l il s s . Mi c . One hou e etc in M l Street ’ n u per Jo hn Abbot s . One in ill hous e etc . M Street r E n u pe Roger veleigh . One close call ed the Hill Close a s — n u er cont . three cre p a a s s Mich el P r on . ’

0 6 a s . s . in ll 5 . W re One hou e etc Mi Street — n u er Tri m letts p John . One s in l hou e etc . Mil Street h m s i s uper A bro e A h . Two acres in Win ters Lan e n u er n a f p He ry M rker jun . Wm Ledging One house at Tiphi ll foot in ’ ham s ali as Mill Street — nuper Hugh ’

do s a e . Hey n . S lt r

n On e s . 5 08 . Joh hou e etc in Hind Street ’ a B ker s . ’ Ebdo s On e n m n an d s n n . te e e t eve teen acres an d three quarters at

Tipton . ’ i 1 1 e s o s . n l 0 5 0 . Ch ek . One h u e etc Mil Street 4 — n u er a s p John Rich rd . One acre an d a half at Tiphi ll — e n u p r Thom as Mitchell . a lli s s 1 I O 1 1 a s . 5 . B tt Sever l dwe ng hou e etc in s s i — nu er a hou e . H nd Street p Jo n a s B tt .

NEW BARTON TENURE REVERSI ONS

TENEMENrs 1 0 BE SOLD AND CHARGED WI TH QUI rr RENr B I N G DS XC D 1 FOR EVER E LAN E EPTE 673.

Te n e m e n ts H erri s . Lw es ' ott R e e rsi n s fo r li fe v o .

d R Te . On e h us e in B r d St . 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 5 1 2 . ap o oa £ £ 4 an d thre e acre s at

Y alb o urn e . Af er th e M em . t de h o f R d Te th e at ap ,

166 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Te n e m e n ts L v H e rri tts . 1 es . o Reve rsi on s fo r li fe .

E i z l . Arrun de ll 8 0 The Whi e H r I n n i n 0 0 8 , t a t £ £ ti R o b B road S tre e t . Ar run d e ll .

i n Mi 2 6 Chri s h e r On e Me ssu e e tc . 1 0 0 1 0 5 . top ag ll P e rs e S tre e an d o n e cre o f a , t a

P r d . Joan e a se . lan Margf' P rs s On e h u se an d rd e 0 0 a on , 1 o ga n 4 4 M r n r Mi S re m a y e a th e ll t a . B owd en J Th os Ch annon, S arah Two h ouse s i n S an d hi ll 0 2 0 5 h C an n S re e . on, t t Thos h n C a no n . S usan B r wn o , Chri stab ell 40 On e te n e m e n t i n Mi ll 0 5 0 9 w S re e B r . o n, t t S usan r B own . John E e ei h v l g , Eli z ab e th 5 5 On e te n e m ent i n P ate r o 5

E e ei h n s e r R o w . v l g , o t Joh n

Eve leigh . 1 m e s 5 3 . Ja P e rs e a , Chri sto ph er On e te nem e n t i n Mi ll 0 2 o 6

P e rse S ree . a , t t Tho “

Co u ch . (1 tti e 6 0 5 32 . R Whi sen " i On e e n e m e n an d six 1 0 1 , t t o 3 l Ri ch d 4o acre s o f m e ad ow ne ar f } Whi un th e Mi S re m . tty j , ll t a Joan i l r 5 33. a y g r ap on, Wm C r On e cre o f rch rd n e r 0 1 ap on, a o a a 5 o r Mary Vi n n e y B idge s .

Capron . Ri chd B uck n d la , Wm Two dwe lli n g h ouse s i n M r B uck n d i S e e . la , ll t t Susan n J B uck la d . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 67

TENEMENTS AND PARCELS — REVERSI ONS AFTER YEARS

E n a s a a l Abbo s ill i a 5 38 (si c) . leve cre of l nd c l ed t h n Wigg to n held in lease for forty years whereo f in May 1 689 are a s m eight ye r to co e . 6 s s i an Wm m as a 5 3 . Two Hou e n S dhill Street which Tho n d Sus an hi s daughter held by copy for three lives successively and o n e house in San dhi ll Street late i n poss ession of Roger Chann on an d are all n o w lett as a unto Thom Ch n non .

SUMMARY OF THE SURVEY

I t i s not easy to m ake a s atisfactory sum m ary of this survey in such a way as to give a clear picture of the general di a at s the s n h con tion of the M nor the clo e of eventee t century . The land held i n soccage an d by the tenure of custom ary ns s the a a a as h a co i ted chiefly of gricultur l re , on w ich were pl ced the houses required for the occupation of the cultivatin g tenan ts an d the buil dings necessary for the equipm ent of the o din s fi v e - a a a sm al o h l g . Of the cre tenure , cert in l prop rtion —Som e six or eight tenem ents still retained its origin al character of sm all ho ldin gs the rest had becom e house a a a ds property n d accom m odation l n d . The l n held by Old Barton varied in extent an d character from three an d a half N 1 d a a s at an d ill o n s . ill . . n d f rthing R H ( retur ing 3 4 , a a s o No o ne hundred cres of w ste upon the We t D wn ( . No 6 a d at a am . rn n s . d . retu i g 5 , to one rodd of l n W reh ( a N at d a d an d m ss a s in o . in 1 . p y g . , two e u ge Bro d Street ( 35 5 ) 4 For the Greyhoun d I n n at Aish an d two farthin gs of land held New a t u n as a d o v by B r on tenure three g i e were obt ine , pr iding a go od in stance of the relatively hi gh value of this particular i o r all the N ew a o n s a a k nd of pr pe ty . But B rt n holdi g p y on di s in s a Sh an t ctly higher c le , owing how the Lord of the M or had n a fi s o f s m n bee ble to pro t by the exi tence thi for of te ure , an d fi s o n which it was possible to r aise the ren ts ne . a n m e s fi n d ha a m i a 1 0 a s T ki g round nu b r , we t t no n l 5 5 cre a m a in s a n a s . s were held occ ge by thirtee ten nt Of thi , no in l 1 0 0 a s s n S ix so cl an ds s m a i n s 7 cre repre e ted the old , e ti ted hide , a a d 80 a s o ld m s m a n d 2 o s 8 . p id £ , . ; while 4 cre were of ti e cu to ry d d h h . an s a n 5 . . l d , p yi g £3, 5 4 , by w ichever tenure they were el 1 68 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

1 s m a n s n a in all a There were 5 5 cu to ry holdi g , co t in g in bout 0 a s an d a at a a m s o m a n n 25 . 6d 375 cre , p yi g, l o t unif r r te of . a a n a a a a 0 s f rthi g, tot l rent l of ne rly £3 . The e holdings were divided into 1 of 1 2 farthings 2 8 1 6 I 5 I 4 4 1 between 4 an d 3 4 of 3 3 between 3 an d 2 40 of 2 2 between 2 an d 1 farthing 33 of 1 an d n ain n in all a o 2 62 a s in o ns 5 4 , co t i g b ut cre , p rtio of less a 1 a th n 6 cres . - n s a i a o a a There were 77 Five Acre holdi g , p y ng t t l rent l of s s at as 0 are s s a 4 ; f , 4 h d s ju t over £ o the e le t hou e wit g r en , a i t e ds s s n h n . orch r , or clo e tow 2 1 1 a in s sm a n There were Old B rton hold g , chieﬂy of ll exte t . s a a a m n s ss in t e a Of ep r te l rger tene e t , expre ed h gricultural s a s a 1 — 2 a o a f f g , b 5 3 h s unit o rthin there were out of b ut f rt ing , a 1 0 1 a m a 2 n d 8 n . s s o n e 3 of , or of f rthi g The e y repre ent ’ a t a m a i portion in e ch ty hing, equiv lent to the nor l v llein s ’ di h ad ass n s m s at t e hol ng, which been ig ed to the lord de e ne h 1 origin al s ettlem en t . was m a n a m There not uch proportion lity betwee their p y ents . axwa a n a o d n o f a h n s N 2 a d 65 I n W . 8d y lo e h l i g 3 f rt i g ( o 99) p i . . , a a d 5 d 1 i 5 . d 8 a d . . . s . . n 3 while 4 of f rth ng p id 4 3 , 3 4 , 4 , 3 . a a a i s a o 1 s . n n 1 08 re pectively The tot l Old B rto re t l b ut £ 5 , . a I t s m a Of New B rton tenure there were 75 entries . ee s th t a 8 2 a s s d h 60 s s an d m a bout 4 cre were thu hel , wit hou e the rkets i a n a an d a s . f r , giving return of e rly £5 9 s at s s n n n o a Thu , the clo e of the eve tee th ce tury , the t t l rental of the Manor of Ottery St Mary— the subject o f s o m uch litigatio n in the courts an d of constan t ill -feeli ng between the d an d the a s— am o 1 1 a a n o t Lor ten nt unted only to £ 4 ye r , including such o cc as ional s o urces of revenue as ﬁ nes of inco m e sum w as d 6 an d s . s m d n s heriot Thi collecte fro 5 3 hol i g , s s h s s m 6000 a s repre enting, exclu ive of ou e property , o e cre of a d an d o s a a the a a a o f cultiv te l , or , r ughly pe king, h lf tot l re i s m a land within the l m it of the nor .

1 S e e e 2 0 pag .

170 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord Geo rge the second And in a 6 m as a d the ye r of our Lord 1 73 . Before Tho Southcott Stew r sa an of the id M or .

Elect . Mr Richard Den ning Constables of the Mr Richard Denning Mr John Baston e Hundred Mr John Baston e

Tho m as Pe ardo n Robert Clode John Gardn er Nicholas Sanders Petty Con s tables John Den nin g Ell is Braddick Thom as Welsh George Tillm an

T thin m en y g . John B assill Mr John Weare Thom as Ebdo n Thom as Churchill

Searchers an d Peter Jam es Sealers of Edward B rim ble John San ders Leather an d John Taylor Green Skins

Robert Weare Ale Taster Samuel Whicker

Jurors returned to Serve as well o ur So vereign Lo rd the King as the o d o f the said L 2 L r eet .

n Es " EdwC1 u Joh Sweet , q R tley Edward Hanbury Charles Matthew Rich fl Chaplen Caleb Tiller Henry Marker William Sm ith Rich‘1 Marker Christol her Sm ith r . n Swo n Swor . Thom as Darby Ri ch‘1 Cli ilco tt John Taylor Robert Wyatt Richd Farran t Wil liam Pratt John William s Geo rge Churchill Elli s B raddi ck Edward Gover

The Jury above n am ed o n their Oaths di d present as followeth

First That Richard Denn ing an d John Bastone are to do the Ofﬁce of High Con stables of this Hundred for the a E s i a ye r n u ng. Sworn t the fo rm er Court a w o i d n d n o C nt nue .

1 B ish Gran di sso n h ad c n s id e d th e t thi n s i n two r u s op o ol at y g to g o p , f whi ch s e n o n e re re s e n i e th e ach o t p tat v to e Cou rt . 2 See page 2 5 . A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 1 7 1

That Robert Clode an d Nicolas Sander Resian ts of the Town Tythin g are to do the offi ce of Petty Constables for the Year Ensuin g an d till he shall be thereof a s a l wft di ch rged . That Ellis B raddi ck the Youn ger a Resiant of the South End Tything is to do the Offi ce of a Petty Con stable lik ewise for the Year En suing an d till he shall be a l s a thereof L wful y Di ch rged . That George Tillm an a Resian t of the Northen d Tythin g is to do the offi ce of petty Constable for the Year Ensuin g an d untill he shall be thereof Lawfully a Disch rged . That Thom as Churchill do do the Offi ce of Tythin gm an for the South En d Tything (he being a Resian t of the said Tything) for the Year Ensuin g an d un till he a s a shall be thereof L wfull y di ch rged . That John Weare i s to do the Offi ce of Tythin gm an for the North En d Tythin g (of which Tything he i s a Resian t) for the Year En suin g an d till he shall be a a thereof L wi t Disch rged . That Edward B rim ble an d John Taylor Resiants of the To wn are to do the Offi ce of Searchers an d Sealers of Le ather an d Green Skins for the Year Ensuein g and il s a l Law q s a unt l they h l be thereof y Di ch rged . That Sam uel Whicker to perform the Offi ce of Ale Taster for the Year En su ei n g an d un till he shall be aw di s a d thereof L fully ch rge . That the Lord of this Manor h ath n o t repaired the Duckin g-Stool within the said Man or pursual to m r the order of the for er Cou t . That the Waywarden s do perm it heaps of Dung and s all s n Rubbi h to to lye in the Street in Tow . Ordered that the sam e be rem o v d by the Several Perso ns who caused the s am e to be laid before the 1 5 th day of October n ext un der the pen alty of 69 8 1 o n Each a Def ulter . That the Waywarden s had sufferd the Cornhill Flexto n Mill Street an d several other Streets to be m uch out a a h do of repair in the p vem ent . Ordered th t t ey putt the s am e in good repair before the first day of a 8 11 Novem ber next under the pen lty 6 8 . That the Bridge over Dabbs - Brook in the foot - path leading from Great Well Ware an d other parts to the Church an d Mark ett of Ottery St Mary is m uch out 1 72 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

of repair to the great prejudi ce of hi s Majestys Subjects havein g Occasion to Travel that way Which the said Jurors Apprehen ded ought to be ’ re ai r d a a a Es r ha p by Ch rles V ugh n q . Ordered t t he sho uld repair the s am e in one m on th then n ext d e a s un er th pen lty of Twenty Shilling . That the Waywarden s have suffered the Highway leading from Sm iths Barn to No rth Brook to be m o u a d ha h do a uch t of rep ir . Or ered t t t ey rep ir the sam e before the 2 0th of October next un der the ’ a 1 8 d Asseer d 68 8 1 pen lty of 3 4 to . That I saac Weare a Ten ant of the s aid Manor by the Tenure of New Barto n was dead an d that Mary o s d i i s e F rbe Wi ow h s only Child th next Heir . 1 That a Mantle Chim ney i n th e dwelli ng ho use of Sam Vi n eco m be in the To wn of Ottery Saint Mary is very m d a an d da s o f ﬁ re in the n uch in ec y ngerou g Tow . Ordered That the s aid Sam 1 Vi n e co m be do Cause the s am e to be put in go o d repair or rather rebuilt with Brick in one Mo nth under th e penalty of Twenty i i Sh ll ngs . That the Way Wardens had Suffered the Highway between Metco m b e Tipto n Bridge likewise an Wo o den Bridge fo r the m ore Co m o di o us travelling ’ of hi s Majesty s subjects passing o n fo ot i n the s am e i a a o e m be o d d H ghw y le di ng fr m M tco t Tipton . Or ere to be repaire d respectively i n o n e Month next under 5 d 15 1 a 1 Asseered 1 . the 6 8 . pen lty of £ , to 3 4 That a Bridge in Fluxto n Village being a publick foot path to the Church an d Market of Ottery Saint Mary fro m the s aid Vill age other parts i s m uch out ai d d a d Wa of rep r . Or ere to be rep ire by the y warden s o i the South En d in one Mo nth un der the 5 d 5 d penalty of 1 3 4 . Asse ere d to 1 0 0 . That the Hedges adj o ining to the Highways between Wiggato wn Ash 8: the ﬁ re Beacon do want to be a d d ha Wa arden s e p ired . Or ere t t the yw of th parish of Ottery do repair the sam e within one Mon th d a 1 3 1 next un er the pen lty of 3 4 . That John Mitchell m ade default of Atten di ng at the s aid Court to Se rve as a Juror tho ugh duely warned as appears by the O ath of the Baili ff for which he is d 8 0 1 Asse ere d 8 d a 2 6 . m erce 5 . to That the Water Baili ff hath neglected to keep the

1 74 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

Te n Shillings an d s o the s aid Mary Putt is Adm itted Ten ant thereto But the Fealty of the said Mary Putt is s HOMAS So urHco rr ar re pited . T Stew d .

Hundred Manor The Court Leet Co urt B aron of the of Hundred an d Manor aforesaid there Ottery St Mary ho lden for Edward Nourse EsqJre the Third day of May in the Year of Our L d 1 m a a or 739 Before Tho s Southcott Gent . Stew rd of the s aid Manor High Co n stables M1 William Warren Mr John Phl llips

P eti t Co n stables

Thom as Pulm an Jo seph No rrin gham Jun r Jo hn B az ill J am es Cornish

Tythi n gi n en Nathaniel Channon Wm a . Fr nk

S earchers é S ealers of L eather (3 Green S ki n s Ro bert Gatchell Thom as Boude

Ale Taster

Ro bert Wyatt the younger

Jurors Sworn to Serve as well for our Sovereign Lord the King as s a L the Lord of the id eet . Mr Edward Hanbury Thom as Marsh d Ri chard Marker the Younger Edw Rutley Walter Pulm an Tho m as Bransco m be Wm Palm er the Youn ger Jo hn Bas tone John Searle Sworn Christopher Salter Robt Clode Willi am Newton John Loveridge Nathaniel Turpin Charles Norrin gton Hen ry Slade Richard Chil co tt Hum prey Prideaux John Weare the Younger A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 175

Hundred Man or The presentm ent of the Jury there of sworn at a Court Leet an d Court Ottery St Mary Baron held within an d for the s aid May in the Year of our Lord On e a Thousand Seven Hundred Thirty n d Nine .

First We presen t the Waywarde n s for n o t rem oving the Ston es an d Rubbish before Mr Henry Markers door i l s a s am m in M l treet . Ordered th t the e be re oved before the 20th day of this I nstant under the Pen alty 01 Ass ere d Asserers n of . by the u der nam ed s a s n 661 8 1 (who were in thi beh lf duly wor ) to . Also We present the Bri dge at Thr ee Stones to be out of a a s am a Rep ir . Ordered th t the e be rep ired by the Waywarden s On o r before the 20th of this I nstan t Ma u d the a 1 0 s Asseere d 69 8 d y n er pen lty of to . Also That the Waywarde n s ought to put a Bridge over the a al m a a Talefo rd L ke c led Co be L ke ne r . Ordered that the Waywarden s do put up a Bridge On or th before the 20 of this I nstant May un der the Penalty 6 1s 8 1 of . ’ Al so That the Waywardens ought to keep the water in it s due Course in Hind Street which i s now out of u s a a Co r e . Ordered th t the s m e should be kept in its proper Course an d the Banks thereof kept up ’ from Jam es Jon es s to the Bridge that Con veys the Water in to Mr Duck es Orchard Under the Pen alty 6s 8 d of . Also That the Pavem en t leading up a Bridge called Mill s am ri is a a e tre B dge out of rep ir . Ordered th t th sam e be repaired by George Davies or the Occupier before the Twentieth Day of this I nstant May un der n a 11 the pe lty of 5 . A P P EN D I X I I

THE MANOR OR BARTON OF CADHAY

OF the a so c- an s sub - m an s two Cadha l rger l d or or of Ottery , , y an d Kn i htsto n e s l o ss ss an n m an o -ho s s g , ti l p e their cie t r u e , whil e that of Holcom be seem s to have rem ai n ed till the m iddle t e i of h n n eteenth cen tury . I t m ay be of in terest to trace in greater detail the history o n e s n m an s an d s of of the e depende t or , the fortune of the am i s who ss a f il e succe ively h ve held it . Cadha es a a m n - s e y li bout ile to the orth we t of Ott ry Church . I t con sists of a courtyard m an or- house of m ixed Tudor an d i a a a a m - o s an d n s Georg n rchitecture , f r h u e buildi g , eight a s an d a m al d a s a a cott ge , s l hol ing with house be t ppro ched s — an a a all s m a from We t Hill re in of o e 380 cres . This seem s to represen t the local hide of 2 5 6 acres of origin all y arable an t its a n an s a r an d l d , ogether with ppurte ce of p stu e wood. Cadh ay House is built of red san dston e from som e lo cal

a d n . s n n a qu rry , with ressi gs of Beer to e, which , origi lly white o a s h a e a h in c lour , cquire wit g growt of red lichen blen din g u m a a pe rfectly with the colo r of the rougher teri l . The central Court of the Sovereigns i s an oblon g space m easuri n g I ts a l s are a a about sixty feet by thirty . w l f cedwith n irregular - n a d s an ds I n t e m dd a chequer work of fli t n ton e . h i le of e ch a a d o a s a ss the s an d a o w ll Tu or do rw y give cce to hou e , b ve these doors are fixed elabo rately carved stone n iches of a ss a s n n a n n s a VI I I Ed a n n n . Re i ce de ig , co t i i g t tues of He ry , w rd I a an d E a n a a a 1 V . 61 , M ry , liz beth be e th the l tter is the d te 7 . On the s outh s ide of the courtyard the ori gin al leaded casem en t s m a n o n s s window re i , but the other three ide eighteenth sa - n s a n in h a s cen tury sh wi dow h ve bee put t eir pl ce . The origin al Tudor structure i s best seen o n the eas t front - e s . a as u a a si l of th hou e A st irc e t rret , c rried up to x ight an d a m s n a a is a win dow g ble , for the ce tr l fe ture ; it fl n ked by in o o n a in the m a n a an d a a n two w d ws e ch side i w ll , these g i n a n an d by projecti g b ys , risi g two storeys surmoun ted by 1 76

1 78 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

In 1 Ed I I m as Cadeha e is s m n it . 3 . . Tho de y tyled Do i us a a 1 VI ds o f s a de C deh ye in 1 0 Hen . . the dee the e t te refer 2 o n Cadha to Beatrix de Cadehaye an d her s n John . He ry y I Ca a I I . dh n d i Hen VI a d in 1 . n n . n ied 33 . , Ric Joh y co veyed a o 3 the est te t trustees . n Cadh a am n Wi an i an The te ure of the y f ily e ded th he ress Jo , a a as — am n an m a r prob bly the d ughter of the l t n ed Joh . Jo r ied 4 a d e n Grenefeld n ll . s o n n h e Hugh , or Gre vi e Their Rob rt died, a i n E n was a an d co -li eir le v g his widow ly , who d ughter of a Wh t n a s a an d an Grenefeld H rry y y g, with ole d ughter heir Jo . a a a 1 VI I I Cadha m m n 8 . was By her rri ge settle e t , d ted Hen y settled by her m other Elyn on her an d her husban d John 5 a n so a a o n . H ydo , secon d n of Rich rd H yd of Woodbury ’ hn a n Es i s m m n n n Jo H ydo , qu re, o eti e Be cher of Li col s I nn sa s s n at Cadha a a n ew s an d , y Ri do , builded y f ir hou e ’ a An d n a n a new us enl rged his dem esn e . Joh H ydo s f ir ho e l an s in all ss n a s n an o as a stil st d e e ti l u ch ged, th ugh , we h ve s n n n was a s o m in an a a ee , the orth fro t tr n f r ed Georgi t ste bout 1 0 a s m s to a l an an a 74 . H ydon ee h ve fol owed the pl of e rlier n and a s n o a s m its a s s buildi g, perh p i corp r ted o e of fe ture , uch a o a s s n m l i a s the ro f of the h ll . He u ed freely to e fro the Co leg te n an n m o li s at a m n buildi gs th rece tly de hed Ottery, fr g e ts of which were foun d em bedded in the walls durin g a restoration 1 1 0 in 9 . n a n an d an n his had no n Joh H ydo Jo Gre ville wife childre , an d o n his a i n 1 8 Cadha ass a n , de th 5 7 , y p ed to Robert H ydo , m as i s a s on h n . n n of Tho , ephew Robert H ydo , who i herited a s s a the am s a s m a an l o ever l other of f ily e t te , rried Jo , eldest a Sir m as P o ule tt n il n d ughter of A i , Privy Cou c lor to Quee E a and in n a a n Cadha liz beth , , the i tern l decor tio of y House , ‘1 Po ulett a m s h s s in are c n . the r , t ree word pile, o spicuous

1 Cadh ay Dee ds : 2 J . 3a . 1 3 h De e d 2 . Cad a s an d 8 . S y J 7 e e p . 8 9 . 1 ’ n o n h n H Ar three I scri ti d s m b . m s o f Gre i e : Gu es n p o Jo ay on to nv ll l , c ri n s o r sti rru re s s o r. la o p t , 5 : 2 A Cadha Deed s . 9 . rm s o f H d : Ar e t hree b rs em e s y J ay on g n , t a g l hi e f e b rru n e ee z ure o n c u s e d c o r . a , a g l , a a l t a tt , 6 The stone chi m n e y - pi e c e i n th e d i n i n g-h all b e ars carved o n it th e c s o f rm s o f P o ul e tt h re e sw rd s i n i e Gre i e hre e c ri o n s oat a , t o p l nv ll , t la o r s i rru re s s H r e o n b e n d th re e re f i s sli ed So u hc t t p t a v y , a t o l pp t ot , ch e r b e we e n h ree c s H d n h re e b rs em e s o n chief a v on t t oot ; ay o , t a g l , a b rru e d n ce ee E e r f u r ch ev ro n e ls whi e sim i r chi mn e a a l t a tt v y , o l a la y ie ce in th e s u h -e s b e d r m sh ws P o u le tt an d P o u lett i m in p o t a t oo o , pal g K rm i i h re e c re e n li ed e e s s c s . All th e se c s are o f f m ili es nn, no t t oat a al ’ ' to Ro b e rt H do n— P o u lett hi s wi fe s f h e r Gre n vi e hi s re -u c e s ay , at ; ll , g at n l ' ’ ' wi fe H r e his wi fe s m h e r S u h c hi s s s wife s m o ther ; a v y , ot ; o t ott, on ; ’ ’ ’ E er hi s d u hter s hu sb n d Ke n hi s wife s e h ew s wi fe . v y , a g a ; n , n p A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY sr MARY 1 79

Un der the statue of Elizabeth in the Court of the Sovereigns a a a s H a a the a 1 1 n . . s s 6 . ppe r the i iti l R , well d te 7 ’ Robert Haydon s eldest so n Gideon succeeded him in the s a s in 1 626 and n m o an s m m m s e t te , i herited re l d fro other e ber am m a a a a a of the f ily . He rried M rg ret , d ughter of John D vie a di an d hi s a a da of S ndford , Cre ton , wife M rg ret , ughter of a o a d a a ad George Southcott of C lverleigh . Gide n n M rg ret h in s n s m o a d d n n hn d ss . e o , of who R bert Jo ie without i ue The ass s o n o a property p ed to the third , Gide n , on the de th of m t . s n s m as o m as a s Rober Other o were Tho , Ge rge , A i , J e , N as a a d t e s o a am n d . h ichol , Rich rd Gi eon , ec nd of th t n e to ss s s Cadh a was a at an d o 2 th n 1 60 po e y , b ptized S f rd , 5 Ju e 9, a d at 2 1 i E an n 0th u s 680 . h s buried Ottery, Aug t By wife le or had s n s a d l am 1 n n . he three o , Gideo , Robert , Wil i a ad n ass s a d n i War the A loc l tr itio ert th t , uri g the Civ l , a n s a n a s s w o a at s i H ydo , rde t Roy li t , ere c ntinu lly trife w th o m d a a a a s e of the Roun he d inh bit n ts of Ottery St M ry . The Dom estic s eri es of the Calendar of State Papers fails to sho w a a a 1 6 th t n y echo of these broils re ched Lo n do n . But in 49 r N a a a o f 6 5 . 6d fo as n d ﬁ n e . ichol H ydo of Ottery p i £ 9, 4 delin quen cy in adh erin g to the fo rces raised again st Parli a ” m n hi a h a d n ar a is a d w h di n e t , w le R lp H y o of F w y ch rge it ri g ’ i a n Prideaux s o a a n s a li am fo r a n C pt . Joh tro p g i t P r ent f n o he a d a a did was m ort ight , th ugh ple de th t wh t he uch a a s i s l g in t h wi l . d a do Cadha m a d a h n Gi eon H y n the third of y rrie C t eri e ,

a hn Sto ak es o f n d l m an . a d ughter of Jo Lo on , Gent e By 2 m arriage settlem ent dated 2 8th January all the lands an d m anors of Gide o n Haydon the seco nd were put in a s d s t trust to descen d to Gideo n his s o n n d his heirs . Be i e he m an a n an d m ain Cadh a h s a s in or , b rto , do of y , t ere were e t te Ho m sha es ll s Ho u n dbe are Ebfo rd Clo o dslan d Forwood, y , Hi , , , s i w an d a a wa m s at d tithe n For ood F rw y ; ter ill Purrel Bri ge , Co lli to n an d Lark be are an d m an s ds h s , ; the or or lor ip of a a Lark be are l m t n an d New o Forwood, F rw y , , Ki ing o , t n

Po pplefo rd . A li fe in terest in m o st of the estates was reserved to Gideo n a h a a his m o an dm o h the f ther , w ile M rg ret ther , the gr t er of ri o m was n all o m s in the m ans n the b degro , give for life r o io Cad a n as the a l an d a the house of h y lyi g to the e t of h l , h lf us e of the hall an d s everal outhouses— an early in stance of

1 bur an d O er St M r b W . H . H . R ers H aydon o f Wood y tt y a y , y og ,

N o tes an d u eri es Oc b e r 1 0 1 . Devon Q , to 9 2 1 1 . Cadh ay De e d s : 2 J . 1 8 0 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY a di vision which has recurred at in tervals through the n ce turies . At this tim e it i s eviden t that the Haydons had gre at o ss ess n s an d ad a s m m o s h . p io , re ched the u it of their pr perity But even these revenues proved in adequate to suppo rt the a a a h h i s a a Re extr v g nce with w ic , it cle r , they celebr ted the s to rati o I 1 682 n a s a n . n h n , withi two ye r of the de t of Gideo the 1 s a s s m a s an a o n s a s econd , erie of ortg ge beg , ch rged the e t te by the join t actio n of Gideon the third an d his youn g s o n an d h n the i 1 6 m am . n n eir , Gideo fourth Whe 93, the ti e c e for d o to a m s a his a h so m young Gi e n t ke to hi elf wife , f t er owed e s d s m o a s i a o n o f be i e rtg ge . Al ce , d ughter of J h Fitch n s n a o n 000 He bury, Dor et , brought to young Gideo p rtio of £5 , an d to s ha sum an d n s s s ess o n , ecure t t , in the i tere t of the ucc i , s a s s in s s in ha n h the e t te were ve ted tru tee , order t t e oug of them should be sold to pay the debts an d buy an estate to be s t e s s ettled to h u e of the trust . n s s o a s an d a ha s was u But differe ce o n ro e , C ncery uit beg n by Gideo n the youn ger an d his wife again st his father and r s s I a a a 1 t a the t u tee . n ccord nce with decree of 2 h M rch 8 li a I I I m s t e a s a d s m m . h n s n Wil , o t of l d were old, o e of the m a s s a ortg ge di ch rged . d the d di in 1 02 an d n ﬁ v e a s a Gi eon el er ed 7 , whe , ye r l ter , his s o n a s a n his o w o s died l o , le vi g wid w Alice ith two b y , d an d o m as the n s n m ain Gi eon Th , reve ue of the o ly re ing s a es Cadha Farwo o d an d a a s a s fﬁ to e t t , y , , F rw y , c rcely u ced a a s o m I 1 08 a a o f a am n p y the ch rge n the . n 7 priv te Act P rli e t 2 was a n a a s s s an d s m n s obt i ed to bre k the v riou tru t ettle e t , a d n a a n e ble the trustees to sell the rem in in g property. All the s a s s a Cadha s Cadha no e t te ve y were old , but for y as s a a m a purch er eem s im m edi tely to h ve co e forw rd . The r s s am an d i am a o n let s a o f t u tee , Willi Fitch Will H yd , ever l s o m s t e s w s m an a a m the we t r o of h hou e ith o e of the l d to f r er, an d an effo rt was m ade to s ave this last possessio n of the a o s a s t e m a n d her m a a H yd n . Alice H ydon u ed h re i er of rri ge po rtio n to j o in with two others in buyin g up the outstan ding m a s an d n d n s o n m a 1 2 a do w ortg ge , , whe Gi eo her rried in 7 3 wi am n a h was a h a m a o ff n ed An e H nbury , t ere furt er tte pt to p y a e m a s a these ch rges . But An ne foun d th en cu br n ce gre ter an she d an d n a s a th expecte , , i deed , t xed her hu b nd with us in g s om e of the m on ey she advan ced to clear them for the a purpose of s tockin g his estate an d m aintain in g his f m ily.

1 Cadh a D e e ds : 2 . 1 1 8 2 1 2 2 2 2 an d 2 6 . y J 7 , , , , 3, 5 , 2 1 . Cadh ay De e ds 2 J . 9

1 82 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY i n a nn m a ar Her d ughter A e , who rried Sir Rich d n di in 1 8 an d in 1 8 Mrs l am s a Sutto , ed 7 7 , 7 9 Wi li pl ced the 2 Cadh a s a s use a a y e t te in tru t , to the , fter her de th, of her ra l a El a ad m a g n dchi dren . Her d ughter iz beth h rried in 1 77 1 3 m as a s Than ck s rn a l V - m a t Tho Gr ve of , in Co w l , ice Ad ir l of he a d a s in 1 his s Blue , cre ted Lor Gr ve 794 for ervices on the glori u r Cadha was s m a o s Fi st of Jun e . y ettled pri rily o n Elizabeth ’ a s s a E a n n s n d o n s Gr ve elde t d ughter liz beth A e , eco ly her econd a E a h d o n a d ughter Anne liz beth, t ir ly the third d ughter a a An hl o n s n so n an d ﬁfthl o M rg ret ne , fourt y the eco d , y n the s so n who a a s am the s n a s elde t , fterw rd bec e eco d Lord Gr ve . a n s s ns was ass r n F ili g the e per o , it to p to the child e of Ann e s di Sutton i n corre pon n g order . ﬁ s a s s d Cadha as a s n a The r t Lord Gr ve u e y re ide ce , nd 1 I n s am a i a di ed there in 802 . the e ye r h s d ughter E i a a s m a lli am a w l Es l z beth Anne Gr ve rried Wi B g el , quire , m s a s . o in m s of A hcott , Co S er et , but died with few onth ss n Cadha ass witho ut i ue . The fur iture of y p ed to her husban d as her person al represen tative ; but the house and estate wen t under the s ettlem ent to the secon d daughter An El a who had s m a 1 80 m as a ne iz beth, ju t rried ( 3) Tho H re , ’ a No o 1‘ a o o i Co . m a Es . o s s quire , of St w B rd l , rf lk Th H re a m as had a n n am a as f ther, Tho Leigh , t ke the e of H re s n a h hi s ra m the an n the repre e t tive , t rough g nd other , of cie t am l a a i and a n f i y of H re of Stow B rdol , the old b ro etcy was revi ved in 1 8 1 8 by a n ew creation in favour of Thom as a H re . s m s a n a s n o t s d at After o e he it tio , the H re decided to re i e 5 a a s as d Cad a an d n h w . s en h y , g i the ou e divided The we t was a a a n an o m a m d pted to the occup tion of the te t of the h e f r , l as en d was in 1 80 as a s n alm whi e the e t let 3 re ide ce to Mr P er , ar a s h n din at 5 a a Mas ter of the B r ck t e buil g Ottery . At l ter date it was lon g occupied by Captain an d after him by Mrs

li n 1 0 . Col , who lived there until 9 9 m as a di d in 1 8 an d Cadha ass his Sir Tho H re e 34, y p ed with s a s hi s o so n o m as s n a n other e t te to nly Th , the eco d b ro et , who did m uch to check the process of structural decay fast s etting in s In 1 8 a d s a was o n the hou e . 5 9 i ent iling deed executed , but ,

1 a b e v S M r R . . W . r i h t N o tes o n Otter S t C s . 2 . S hor y y , y o n , p 5 2 Cadha D e e d s : 2 . m i ssi n , b ut s e e 2 . 0 2 an d i n y J 4 7 g J 5 , 5 , 5 3,

v r s f are re ci e d . whi c h th e op e rati e pa t o 2 J . 47 t 3 rm s o f Gr e s : Gu e s a n e e di s e d o r d uc l c r wn e d A av l , agl p lay , al y o n r e n o n c n n o f th e s a n ch r r e r. a g t, a a to la t a o p op 1 m o f H re Gu es tw o b rs an d ch i ef i n d e e d o r. Ar s a l , a a nt , 5 h a P e rs B u n d e . Cad y ap , l 3 A MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY 183

n m as di in 1 880 Cadh a was him his whe Sir Tho ed , y left by to a a I n 1 0 the Cadha s a as so n Sir R lph H re . 9 9 y e t te p sed by 1 n s purchase to the pres ent ow er . The house an d other buildin gs o n the estate were in bad ai un sa s a a ss a rep r . Two ti f ctory cott ges , po ibly coev l with s s an din s a the hou e, t g to the outh of it , together with l ter i l ew a m - s a d din s n . n n outbu l g , were pul ed dow A f r hou e four I a s an d r n . n cott ge were built , the othe s put i to good order the m an — s s ns s a o n a or hou e it elf , exte ive re tor ti of dec yed wood was sa in the O a ns m o work n eces ry . Dur g per tio uch Tud r n al i i am s was n — work , co ce ed by Peere W ll , u covered the stone im - c s n s a N s a h a s n n . n s n n ch ey pie e , for i t ce o e but e e ti l c ge m ad in th e s an d h an d an were e tructure, bot Tudor Georgi architecture were preserved in the alterations necessary to re—c Cad a n a onvert h y i to single residen ce .

s s m a s n n r n Cadha For purpo e of co p ri o , the e t y referri g to y No in the s s — is an s ri e m the . 5 pre ent urvey tr c b d fro other copy 2 the s al a i m i a an d of urvey , re dy referred to in the prel n ry note , n o n the i a I t ll s n a is pri ted follow ng p ge . wi be ee th t the f s n r s are s m l di ference between the two e t ie tho e of for on y .

1 Arm s o f Wh e h m : Ar e n cr ss e n h r u h u s b e i n the t a g t , a o pot t t o g o t a l , ﬁ rs an d f u r h r e r m t o t qu a t s a artle t gules . 1 S e e page 79 . 1 84 MANOR BOOK OF OTTERY ST MARY

d m a o c 5 m m g c m E h m fl m m o o fi u w o n E c o b E m m A w o s o r E “ v 0 m a . h s a h a e G . m c n “ E o m n e 8 w d w 0 m e a o m s s p m 0 o h s o 3 2 w 0 n e 0 p 2 B i m 0 S o w w 3 n a o 3 M m .0 e m 5 0 c s p a h n w d o 6 0 E c e 0 “ s o n v e 5 m w w a e " n : 0 m m « M 0 3 0 2 a o w E 5 w E O c w w 8 H 6 e m G m « m m 0 m o L ro S E m M G E v w E a . e Q o D w G E a m E m s B D c $ e $ Q 0 o o 8 c w n o 8 o “ 8 e o 8 n a h p : $ e 2 w : o k t 0 h w e m e o 8 t n c a 8 : m2 c w 0 m $ h g 8 $ m 0 S e E s s o : 0 E 0 h t w o “ e h o n Q 3 H h fi mo m e o v o fi “ o $ G $ “ w L w 2 M c m £ 5 3 w E 6 w 3 3 M B 5 . 0 m m p o 0 c o H u o o n S z Q u o n o E 3 m w s o m e w fl 8 m m e 3 o a 0 n B fi z s o i 0 5 o a 8 o H S m c 0 : o " 8 m fi o m o mu m a w e m a ' ' - S i xi Qfi fifi m A: 8 8 8 12 8 8 mmmmm a O O 0\ H 0] 1 8 23 N 11

PR I N T ED BY N EI L L A N D C O . L T D . E D , , I N B URG H .

B Y THE SAM E A UTH ORS

THE RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE

AN ACCOUNT FOR TH E GENERAL READER

OF TH E PRESENT POSITI ON OF PH YSICS

h E i 1 0 a 1 0 . o t d o . 5 . . Jo hn Murr y, 9 4 F ur ti n, 9 9 5 net

a s a d o f. I . ALDARERA 1 0 8 . I talian Editio n, tr n l te by Pr Dr C , 9

S d o Mi R . a . ( n r n, lan )

— I n d i n The Phil hi a Ba o f Co N T ENTs. tro uct o osop c l sis Physical Scie n ce ; The Liquefactio n o f Case s ; Fusio n an d So lidiﬁ catio n The Problem s o f Solutio n The Co n duction o f Ele ctricity through Gases Radio-activity ; Atom s and ZEther

- i Astro phys cs .

Mr Whetham has perfo rm ed a difﬁ cult task with

H is o si io i s as c a an d sim as co nspicuo us success. exp t n le r ple the su e t e m s an d his a a e is felic the nature o f bj c p r it , l ngu g i ” Times . to us .

“ I t i s a welco m e Sign that M r Dam pier Whetham sho uld

h can m e a di e c t a eal to the uca e pro duce a wo rk whic ak r pp ed t d th e u m is f public by its lucid style an d n takable grasp o an o riginal ”— ' Stan dard . inve stigato r.

We can no t im agine a m o re helpful treatise fo r tho se educated m en who ﬁ n d a difﬁ culty in keeping up with advance s

h are o u alo ng lines in which t ey anxi s to m aintain an inte lle ctual ” s Westmin ster Gaz ette . intere t. B Y THE SAME A UTH OR S

A HISTORY OF THE LIFE OF COLONEL NATHANIEL WHETHAM

A FORGOTTEN SOLDIER OF TH E CI VIL WARS

8 5 6d. n e t. e an d CO . 1 0 . . Lo n man s Gre n, , 9 7 g ,

The im m ediate purpo se o f this bo ok is to reco rd the caree r o f a i s dier o f hi h c s s who e i her in the i e d o r in dm i istr i typ cal ol g la , , t f l a n at on, served co nti nuo usly thro ugho ut th e Civi l W ar an d up to the day o f i ursui o f h ur o se the u ho rs h e the Re storation. But n p t t at p p a t av The ha e m de rea e stablished far wider c laim s to atte ntion . y v a a l u di o f the co di io s o f the co flic co n tributi o n to a clear nde rstan ng n t n n t, ’ f m e fi rs b o w to the fin a s e wh e n un der M o ck s co summ e ro th t l l tag , , n n at c e th i i o wer rium he d e r the ru e o f the sw rd an d guidan , e c v l p t p ov l o ; h rk h d se ure erm n e re co n i io n o t m e re as fi n e t e ir wo s o ul c p a nt g t n, ly a an d discrim in in re se rch but a so as a u b e re sult o f patien t at g a , l a v l a l Wh addition to the gene ral lite rature o f th e subj e ct. Co lone l e tham did n othing hero ic o r dashing on th e gre at scale he did not eventak e r r n di se c i f th w r H e was n o t part in an y o f the m o e g a o a t ons o e a .

Ru r Cro m w l H m de o r a F k d. H e was a pert o a e l, a a p n al lan not a Mo ck but man of the e o f M ck — a so dier an d dm i is ra r n , a typ on l a n t to o al his co mm issio an d n o t m e ddl i in o i ics o r re i i m l y to n, ng p l t l g on ore ’ h n he c u d he . Of fe w w rds but ca ab e vi i an d r m t a o l lp o , p l , g lant, p o pt o f c i o n he was a wa s so u h f e r to fill o si io s o f rus m de a t , l y g t a t p t n t t, a no m is a es k his o wn i e wi h re e ffe c cri ica m o m e s an d t k , too l n t g at t at t l nt , e f ife o f i ce ss n acti i as un b rusi e as he had e n e re d it l t a l n a t vty o t v ly t . To rese such fi ure r c ive an d we m a sa e ducative l p nt a g att a t ly , y y, y, fr m the m e re m e ria s i b e has be n o i h k o ag at l ava la l , en l g t tas ; an d we are s i ce re r fu ho se wh o h e n ly g ate l to t ave p rfo rm e d it. Rich in i us r io n dr wn in re m ur ll t t , g t eas e fro m o rigi l s ource s a a a na , this bo ok is refre shingly fre e from superfluo us m atte r ; an d its s tyle re se s the direct e ss an d re s r i re rdi the i ru i p nt n , t a nt ga ng nt s on o f pe rs on al se im e s which be o to rue scho r hi W e scarce hi o f i nt nt , l ng t la s p . ly t nk ts u h rshi as we read an d the n o w ed e is so u o b rusi e dis a t o p , k l g n t v ly playe d that we are apt to fo rget the in dus try by whi ch alo ne it co uld have been ”— c uire d. Athen e u m a q . B Y TH E S AM E A UTH OR S

THE FAMILY AND THE NATION

A STUDY IN NATURAL I NH ERITANCE AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Lo n m an s G e e an d CO . 1 0 . s . 6d. n et. g , r n, , 9 9 7

E o a a ese d t a s at d T K I I R . J p n i i n, tr n l e by Mr O SU KO CHI O

o o 1 1 2 . T ki , 9

Tho s e who wish to k n ow what scie n ce has to say o n a subj ect o f profou n d i n te re st can n ot do be tte r han i b k d t . The Time t stu y h s oo s.

A quite exce lle n t piece o f e xpositio n — the best han dbook we have se e n fo r getti n g an accurate an d cle ar idea o f the prin cipal facts an d hypothe se s

- — M a hest r i n . c r curre t to day n e Gua d an .

’ The Fam il an d the N a i n e n a b o ad y t o pr se ts r , an d et n i e m m ar o f m e n h h an d y co c s , su y od r t oug t

k o n the ub e hi h n i ial an d wor s j ct, w c is sou d, j ud c , Th r a e L ancet. ye t easy o f pe us l .

The volum e ill ustrates the growin g te n de n cy m n i l i to hin k bi i a It is ab a o g soc o og sts t olog c lly. ly do n e— e vide n tly the pro duct o f lo n g an d careful wo rk — an d o ught to be p rovo cative o f ve ry serious

— Birmin ham Post . tho ught . g

B Y TH E SAM E A UTH ORS

BA C K T O T H E LA N D

' eA W e d /e) "

2 BY C

Lo n m an s G e an d Co . 1 1 0 . s . 6d. n et. g , r en, 9 4

The b k i s tai n l o n e ea an d we oo cer y to r d, proclaim him posse ssed o f a dull wit who doe s n o t h h n it an d n e de its a s t oroug ly e j oy , co c to uthor a sou l o f hum o ur an d other thin gs that m e rit

— /ze Wo rl m an i . d hu pra se T .

i V r sn iﬂ an d ery clever, ve y y, very

A e - b an d a e e b very w ll red t st l ss ook ,

e as be alm t dul h is clev r to os l , w ich

i — i a h e m n . T/ze Da /z ronicle c ev e t iy C .

A wholly de lightful an d irrespon sible s to ry

- n A h o f house hu ti n g. ve icl e fo r wise an d

i m a k o n m n an — w tty re r s e d thin gs . T/ze C/znrc/z

Times.

A book that has give n m e in ﬁn ite am use

Th em a m e n t. ey se to have c rrie d away from

i h - h n in m e d i i e m in i n the r ouse u t g so el c ous r sce ce s . B Y TH E S AM E A UTH OR S S T UD I E S I N N AT URE A N D C O UN T RY L I F E

A B O O K F O R C H I L D R E N A N D T H E I R P A R E N T S

6d . n e t. m d e 1 0 . 2 5 . Macm illan an d B o we s, Ca bri g , 9 3

1 2 rs . n et. Re issued 1 9 .

mira e o o to be us d b the This i s a sm all but very ad bl b k, e y

i a e o r e che di ec o r di e o r to be eft intell gent p r nt t a r, r tly in r ctly, l te d accessible to the inquiring m ind an y pro pe rly co nstitu I t a he s child will take an intere st in the c o ntents o f the bo o k . te c him wha to o o at an d it w him that he is an o bserve r an d te lls t l k , ill i pro ve a m o st we lco m e re fuge to m any a child fro m the stupid ty o f the m ale an d the unscientiﬁ c attitude o f the fem ale parent.

t r Specta o . AN I N T RO D UC T I O N T O E UGE N I C S

M m i a an O am d C . B s n d Bo we s d e . o we a , C bri g ac ll n ,

L do rs. n e t. 1 1 2 . o n n . 9

fu i t o u t t th s ud o f e u e A use l n r d c io n o e t y g nics. I t c o ta s the sho an d sim e a s o f the su e a s m n in rt pl nnal bj ct, tate e nt

‘ ’ as to wha o st tu e ac a ualit e s an d an co u t o f the t c n i t r i l q i , ac n vario us m e tho ds by whic h kno wle dge has be en o r m ay be

i I t c clu e s w h c ha n th acqu re d. o n d it a pter o e co nstructio n o f ”— so c e t an d a de s o a h N ature. i y criptive bibli gr p y.

THE FOUNDATIONS OF SCIENCE TH E P E OP LE ’S B OOKS

ac a d O E n C . d b h J k , in urg .

6 2 d. 1 9 1 . B Y TH E SAM E A UTH ORS THE THEORY OF EXPERIMENTAL ELECTRICITY

A TEXT— BOO K FO R UNI VERSITY STUDENTS

E i 1 1 2 . r i i re ss . e o d d o am id e U e s S 8 5 . n et C b g n v r ty P c n ti n, 9 .

i s r f RT . Edit e d b o . S I EBE Ge m o . r an n , tran lat y P G Bar h ( t ,

’ M r Whe th am s u ue o wle d n o t o o f the m o st niq kn ge, nly dv c e d th o y bu t lso o f ll m tt o f xperim e t m e tho ds a an e r a a a er e n al , as we as his if o f e o sit o adm i a l ua if him fo r ll g t cl ar exp i n, r b y q l y ” — E / tr al e ew the s ec i c R vi . ta k . M r Whe tham has written exactly the kind o f bo o k to inspire a s de with a e c i io o f wha has e a hie d b h s ists tu nt ppr at n t be n c ve y p y ic , an d to suggest paths o f re se arc h which m ight be fo llo we d with ” ' i f r isc o e s — Ti m e s . re aso nable pro babil ty o f urthe d v rie . ’ M r Whe tham s bo o k is an adm irable expo sitio n o f all that the ‘ ’ heo i sts ha e dis o e e d so far. To so m e e te he w ite s in t r v c v r x nt, r the e f c e e e a sc i iﬁ c - o o m us be a ece o f i e a pr a , v n ent text b k t pi l t r ’ ‘ n w r o f rt E im e a E e c icit can ce a ture a d a o k a . xper nt l l tr y rt inly claim to be bo th we c anno t co nce ive an y earne st stude nt a i o w th e o o witho u a de s e to he to the e st o f his l y ng d n b k t ir lp, b ”— b li t in so the r dd wi h whic h o se s . N ature. a i y, lving i le t it cl A TREATISE ON THE THEORY OF SOLUTION I N CL UD I NG TH E P H ENO M ENA OF ELECTROLY SI S

m id e ive si ss 1 0 2 1 0 5 . t. a U . n e C br g n r ty Pre , 9

Thi s im po rtant wo rk is a m o st no te wo rthy co ntribu tio n to the it a u e o f h sic c h m s an d i s o u d to ra as a cl ssi a l er t r p y al e i try, b n nk a c l i o n the su e B o h o n h an d tre at se bj ct . t acco unt o f its tho ro ug e haus i e e atm o f the su e an d its em a l cl a x t v tr ent bj ct , r rkab y e r an d c io us e o si io o f it the o o is o n e o f u su assed aut xp t n , b k n rp ” M a az i n e e ce e ce . x ll n g . ’ M r Whetham s bo o k is pro bably the m o st co m ple te an d satis f r e at se o u the su c t in n l u — n ac o a a A tﬁ e ceum . t y tr i bje y ang ge . 8