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Country Profile

Benin

Maternal, Newborn & Child Survival

March 2012

Statistics and Monitoring Section / Policy and Practice DEMOGRAPHICS Total population (000) 8,850 (2010) Under-five Causes of under-five Deaths per 1000 live births Total under-five population (000) 1,506 (2010) Globally more than one third of child deaths are attributable to under nutrition Births (000) 350 (2010) 200 178 Causes of under-five deaths, 2008 Causes of neonatal deaths, 2008 Under-five mortality rate (per 1000 115 (2010) 180 live births) 160 HIV/AIDS Diarrhoea Asphyxia rate (per 1000 73 (2010) Other 1% 1% 22% live births) 140 18% Neonatal 115 Preterm Tetanus 28% Neonatal mortality rate (per 1000 32 (2010) 120 35% 2% live births) 100 Pneumonia Total under-five deaths (000) 39 (2010) 14% 80 Other , adjusted (per 410 (2008) 59 Measles 4% 100,000 live births) 60 Injuries 0% 2% 40 Maternal mortality ratio, reported (per 397 (2000- Diarrhoea Congenital 23% 27% 100,000 live births) MDG 13% 9% 20 Target Lifetime risk of maternal (1 in N) 43 (2008) 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Total maternal deaths (number) 1,400 (2008) WHO/CHERG 2010 Source: IGME 2011 Note: Figures may not add to 100% due to rounding. INTERVENTION COVERAGE FOR , NEWBORNS AND CHILDREN NUTRITION 4

Wasting prevalence (based on 2006 WHO 8 (2006) Introduction of solid, semi-solid or - - Low birthweight incidence (%) 15 (2006) reference population, moderate and severe, %) soft foods (6-9 months, %)

Underweight prevalence Stunting prevalence Exclusive breastfeeding Percent of children <5 years underweight for age Percent of children <5 years with low height for age Percent of infants <6 months exclusively breastfed Based on 2006 WHO reference population Based on 2006 WHO reference population

100 100 100 % % %

80 80 80

60 60 60 43 43 39 39 38 40 40 40 26 22 20 20 20 20 10

0 0 0 1996 2001 2006 1996 2001 2006 1996 2001 2006 DHS DHS DHS DHS DHS DHS DHS DHS DHS CHILD HEALTH Immunization Pneumonia treatment Vitamin A supplementation Percent of children immunised against measles Percent of children <5 years with suspected pneumonia taken Percent of children 6-59 months receiving two doses of Percent of children immunised with 3 doses DPT to appropriate health provider vitamin A during calendar year Percent of children immunised with 3 doses of Hib

100 100 100 100 % % % 92 83 80 76 73 80 83 80 69 60 60 56 60 52 36 40 35 40 32 No Data 40

20 20 20 0 0 1996 2001 2006 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 DHS DHS DHS 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Source: WHO/UNICEF 2011 Source: UNICEF 2011 Diarrhoeal disease treatment Malaria treatment Malaria prevention Percent of children <5 years with diarrhoea receiving oral Percent of febrile children <5 years using anti-malarials Percent of children <5 years sleeping under ITNs rehydration therapy (ORS, recommended homemade fluids or increased fluids), with continued feeding

100 100 100 % % % 80 80 80 60 54 60 60 60 42 42 40 40 40 20 20 20 20 7

0 0 0 2001 2006 2001 2006 2001 2006 DHS DHS DHS DHS DHS DHS Benin MATERNAL AND NEWBORN HEALTH Proportion of women with low BMI 9 (2006) Causes of maternal deaths Coverage along the continuum of care (< 18.5 Kg/m2, %) Regional estimates for sub-Saharan Africa, 1997-2007 Demand for planning satisfied (%) 18 (2006)

Total fertility rate 5.3 (2010) Contraceptive Indirect 17 prevalence rate Adolescent birth rate 114 (2002- 17% (births per 1000 aged 15-19 yr) Antenatal visit Haemorrhage (1 or more) 84 1% 34% Antenatal visit for woman 61 (2006) Skilled attendant (4 or more visits, %) 74 at birth

Early initiation of breastfeeding 32 (2008) (within 1 hour of birth, %) 9% Postnatal care

Institutional deliveries (%) 78 (2006) Exclusive breastfeeding 43 Postnatal visit for baby - - Other direct (within 2 days for home births, %) 19% 11% Measles 69 Postnatal visit for - - 9% 0 20406080100% (within 2 days, %) Source: WHO 2010 Note: Figures may not add to 100% due to rounding. Source: DHS, MICS, Other NS Antenatal care Skilled attendant at delivery Neonatal tetanus protection Percent of women aged 15-49 years attended at least once by a Percent of live births attended by skilled health personnel Percent of newborns protected against tetanus skilled health provider during

100 100 100 % % 92 % 84 80 81 74 80 80 80 66 60 60 60 60

40 40 Source:40 WHO/UNICEF 2011

20 20 20

0 0 0 1996 2001 2006 1996 2001 2006 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 DHS DHS DHS DHS DHS DHS

Source: WHO/UNICEF 2011 HIV AND AIDS EDUCATION HIV prevalence among young 0.7 [0.5 - 1.1] (2009) Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV Survival to last grade of primary school - - women (15-24 yrs,%) Percent of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs for PMTCT (total, admin data, %) HIV prevalence among young 0.3 [0.2 - 0.4] (2009) Survival to last grade of primary school - - men (15-24 yrs,%) (male, admin data, %) 100 % HIV+ children receiving ART (%) 41 [28 - 77] (2009) Survival to last grade of primary school - - 80 (female, admin data, %) Orphan school attendance ratio 0.90 (2006) (2009) 60 Primary school net enrolment ratio 94 46 (total, admin data, %) 39 40 31 35 Primary school net enrolment ratio - - (male, admin data, %) 20 Source: MOH/UNAIDS/WHO

0 Primary school net enrolment ratio - - 2005 2008 2009 2010 (female, admin data, %)

Source: MOH/UNAIDS/WHO WATER AND SANITATION CHILD PROTECTION Drinking water coverage Sanitation coverage Women aged 20-24 years who were 34 (2006) Percent of population by type of drinking water source, 2010 Percent of population by type of sanitation facility, 2010 married or in union by age 18 (%)

Birth registration (%) 60 (2006)

Piped onto premises Other improved Unimproved Surface water Improved facility Shared facility Unimproved facility Open defecation sources Female genital mutilation/cutting (%) 13 (2006)

100% 100% 5 2 7 14 20 28 80% 25 80% 56 11 60% 53 60% 77

60 36 40% 64 40% 9

20% 20% 22 31 6 25 12 15 13 0% 4 0% 5 Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural

Source: WHO/UNIEF JMP 2012 Source: WHO/UNIEF JMP 2012 DISPARITIES IN INTERVENTION COVERAGE 1

Gender Residence Wealth Quintile Ratio of Ratio of Ratio of Indicator Total Equity Male Female Male to Urban Rural Urban to Poorest Second Middle Fourth Richest Richest to 2 Source chart Female Rural Poorest DEMOGRAPHICS3 Under-five mortalty rate (per 1,000 live 115 ------151 147 150 129 83 0.5 IGME 2011 births) NUTRITION 4

Low incidence (%) 15 - - - 15 15 1.0 16 15 14 15 15 0.9 DHS 2006

Underweight prevalence (based on 2006 20 21 16 1.3 15 21 0.7 25 21 20 15 10 0.4 DHS 2006 WHO reference population, %) Stunting prevalence (based on 2006 43 46 40 1.2 36 47 0.8 50 48 47 39 29 0.6 DHS 2006 WHO reference population, %) Wasting prevalence (based on 2006 8981.2 890.9 1189950.5 DHS 2006 WHO reference population, %)

Exclusive breastfeeding (0-5 months, %) 43 43 43 1.0 40 45 0.9 45 43 43 41 43 0.9 DHS 2006

Introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft ------foods (6-9 months, %) Household consuming adequately 67 - - - 62 71 0.9 71 70 74 66 55 0.8 Other NS 2008 iodized salt (15 ppm or more, %) CHILD HEALTH 5

Care seeking for pneumonia (%) 36 34 38 0.9 36 36 1.0 ------DHS 2006

Antibiotic use for pneumonia (%) ------

Diarrhoeal treatment - children receiving 42 44 39 1.1 43 41 1.1 40 44 38 42 47 1.2 DHS 2006 ORT and continued feeding (%) Malaria prevention - children sleeping 20 20 20 1.0 25 18 1.4 9 152026343.6 DHS 2006 under ITNs (%) Malaria treatment - febrile children 54 - - - 57 53 1.1 44 52 57 60 61 1.4 DHS 2006 receiving antimalarial medicines (%) MATERNAL AND NEWBORN HEALTH Antenatal care coverage at least one 84 - - - 91 80 1.1 68 79 85 93 98 1.4 DHS 2006 visit (%) Antenatal care coverage (4 or more 61 - - - 71 55 1.3 ------DHS 2006 visits, %)

Skilled attendant at delivery (%) 74 - - - 84 69 1.2 52 67 75 87 96 1.9 DHS 2006

Early initiation of breastfeeding (%) 32 ------Other NS 2008 WATER AND SANITATION 6 Use of improved drinking water 2010 75 - - - 84 68 1.2 49 61 65 76 91 1.8 (WHO/UNICEF sources (%) JMP 2012) 2010 Use of improved sanitation facilities (%) 13 - - - 25 5 5.0 0 5 13 32 42 141.3 (WHO/UNICEF JMP 2012) EDUCATION Survival rate to last grade of primary 89 91 87 1.1 93 87 1.1 86 83 89 91 95 1.1 DHS 2006 school (survey data, %) Primary school net attendance ratio 62 65 58 1.1 74 55 1.3 39 51 51 75 63 1.6 DHS 2006 (survey data, %) CHILD PROTECTION Women aged 20-24 years who were 34 - - - 19 47 0.4 57 51 45 27 11 0.2 DHS 2006 married or in union by age 18 (%)

Birth registration (%) 60 61 60 1.0 68 56 1.2 46 53 72 72 75 1.6 DHS 2006

Female genital mutilation/cutting (%) 13 - - - 9150.6 15 19 17 10 5 0.3 DHS 2006

Note: The format for this Country Profile has been adapted from the Countdown to 2015 report. Coverage data have been largely derived from national household surveys such as the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). For the majority of coverage indicators, UNICEF global databases were used. Other organizations such as the World Health Organization, UNAIDS, Population Fund, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and Saving Newborn Lives also provided data. Details on indicators, data sources, and definitions of indicators, can be found at www.childinfo.org. 1. Disparities - Disparity information is only available for data directly derived from household surveys such as MICS and DHS. Therefore, disparity data are not available for the following indicators: vitamin A supplementation, immunization, and for HIV/AIDS. In addition, neither UNICEF Global Databases nor databases from partner organizations maintain disparity data for the following indicators: , unmet need, institutional deliveries, contraceptive prevalence, adolescent birth rate. 2. Equity chart - Displays values for the five wealth quintiles to the left. The scale is 0 to 100% for all charts except U5MR, which shows a range of 0 to 300 deaths per 1,000 live births. 3. U5MR - Wealth quintile data are derived directly from MICS, DHS or other surveys. The total is the inter-agency estimate published by the UN Inter-agency Group for Estimation (IGME). 4. Anthropometric indicators - Reference Standards for Underweight, Stunting and Wasting. New international Child Growth Standards for infants and young children were released by WHO in 2006, replacing the older NCHS/WHO reference population. In using the 2006 WHO reference population, estimates generally change in the following manner: stunting is greater throughout childhood; underweight rates are higher during the first half of infancy and lower thereafter; and, wasting rates are higher during infancy. Please note that there may be small discrepancies between the totals and the disparity data, as the totals have undergone additional analysis. 5. Child Health - All indicators in this section refer to children under 5 years of age. 6. Water and sanitation - Wealth quintile data are derived from MICS or DHS surveys. Urban, rural and total coverage estimates provided are for 2010 and are those published by the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation. r3 Printed on 23-May-12