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Population Demographics for the Imperial and Mexicali Valleys

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Population Demographics for the Imperial and Mexicali Valleys March/April 2007 Vol. 8, No. 3 & 4 Population Demographics for the TUDIES Imperial and Mexicali Valleys S Population demographics includes many different indicators. It is also very telling about the growth in a community or region. The size of the local population impacts the attraction efforts for new businesses, development in an area, and the environment. Many of the issues related to population growth can be managed through a strong planning process. In order for growth to continue though there needs to have a good foundation provided by planning. CONOMIC This issue of the CCBRES Bulletin reviews the different demographics of population in the E Imperial-Mexicali valleys. The first set of tables compares the historical population growth for California and Baja California and Imperial County and Mexicali from 1910 to 2000. The next set of tables provides the latest available population numbers for the incorporated and unincorporated areas of Imperial County, and for the municipality of Mexicali and its population centers. These tables are interesting not only for the numbers, but they also show the differences in the structure of the local governments. There are eight local governments EGIONAL in Imperial County but only one local government in Mexicali with representation throughout R its jurisdiction. Understanding the dynamics of the population provides insight into the makeup of the population. Tables 5 and 6 compare the population dynamics for Imperial County and Baja AND California. However, they are not directly comparable because of the unit of analysis. Indirectly, it is seen that both have a strong basis in migration. In relatively new areas, such as the Imperial-Mexicali valleys with a history of approximately 100 years of permanent settlements, migration patterns dictate the race and ethnicity in a community. Tables 7 and 8 provide a breakdown of the racial/ethnic population breakdown for Imperial County, and the ORDER number of households classified as indigenous in Mexicali. Indigenous households, or those B households that speak a native indian language, are used in Mexico as there are not different race classifications officially in the country. The final set of population data considered is a breakdown of the population by age and gender (see Charts 1 and 2), and future population FOR projections (Charts 3 and 4). These charts are interrelated as they are both important indicators of the type of services needed in a community now and for future demands. In conducting research regarding the population and demographics in a region, the California Department of Finance for the Imperial Valley and Instituto Nacional de Estadística ENTER Geografía e Informática (INEGI) for Mexicali are very good resources. Though there are not C always comparable indicators, it is possible to provide a strong overview of the region. The next bulletin will focus on employment characteristics of the region. As usual, if you have any comments, questions, or suggestions, please do not hesitate to contact us. San Diego State University ALIFORNIA Imperial Valley Campus C 1 Historical Population Growth Table 1: Population of California and Baja California by Decennial Census, 1910–2000 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 California 2,377,549 3,426,861 5,677,251 6,907,387 10,586,223 Baja California 52,272 39,294 48,327 78,907 226,965 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 California 15,717,204 19,953,134 23,667,902 29,760,021 33,871,648 Baja California 520,165 870,421 1,177,886 1,660,855 2,487,700 Source: Historical Census Data, Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census (1910-1990), and INEGI. Table 1 provides the population numbers for California and Baja California from 1910 to 2000. Both states have grown tremendously over the past 90 years. California’s 2000 population was double the size of the 1960 population while Baja California’s population in 2000 was double from 1980. California’s population was approximately 13 times larger than Baja California in 2000. This difference in size has been shrinking since 1910 when California’s population was about 45 times larger than Baja California. Table 2: Population of Imperial County and Mexicali by Decennial Census, 1910–2000 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 Imperial County 13,591 43,453 60,903 59,740 62,975 Mexicali 1,600 14,599 29,985 44,399 124,362 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Imperial County 72,105 74,492 92,110 109,303 142,361 Mexicali 281,333 396,324 510,664 601,938 764,602 Source: Historical Census Data, Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census (1910-1990), and INEGI Imperial County’s and Mexicali’s historical population growth by decennial census is shown in Table 2. In 1910, Imperial County’s population was larger than Mexicali with 13,591 residents in comparison to 1,600. In 1950, Mexicali surpassed Imperial County (124,362 in comparison to 62,975) and has continued to grow rapidly. Mexicali’s 2000 population was approximately 765,000 people in comparison to 142,000 in Imperial County. The population in both Imperial County and Mexicali almost doubled in 30 years. 2 Population Breakdown by City/Area The population of Imperial Table 3: Imperial County Population by Cities with Annual County as of January 2006 was Percent Change, January 1, 2005 and 2006 166,585, as seen in Table 3. This is Total Population Percent change of 3.1 percent from the City / County 1/1/2005 1/1/2006 Change previous year. The city with the Imperial County 161,621 166,585 3.1 largest population is El Centro with Brawley 24,014 25,488 6.1 approximately 42,000 people. The Calexico 36,229 36,740 1.4 cities of Imperial and Brawley had Calipatria 7,900 7,828 -0.9 El Centro 40,982 42,002 2.5 the largest percent change in Holtville 5,738 5,846 1.9 population from 2005 to 2006 at Imperial 9,555 10,140 6.1 6.1 percent. The cities of Calipatria Westmorland 2,441 2,375 -2.7 and Westmorland experienced a Balance of County 34,762 36,166 4.0 decrease in population during this Source: State of California, Department of Finance. period. The population of the Table 4: Population in Mexicali by Localities with Annual municipality of Mexicali and its Percentage Change, 2004 and 2005 localities for 2004 and 2005 are found in Table 4. The principal Percent urban area is the city of Mexicali, Principal Localities 2004 2005 Change Mexicali City which had approximately 630,000 616,552 631,596 2.4 Rest of Localities 140,323 143,756 2.4 residents in 2005. In the valley of Santa Isable 20,228 20,721 2.4 Mexicali, there are a number of Guadalupe Victoria 17,446 17,873 2.4 small towns or localities. The San Felipe 14,713 15,073 2.4 largest of these areas is Santa Puebla 8,321 8,523 2.4 Isable with more than 20,000 Ciudad Moreles 8,111 8,308 2.4 Alberto Oviedo Mota 7,711 7,900 2.5 residents. Guadalupe Victoria is Coahuila 7,264 7,441 2.4 the second largest with almost Hermosillo 6,119 6,269 2.5 18,000 residents and San Felipe Delta 5,449 5,582 2.4 follows with approximately Benito Juarez 5,029 5,512 9.6 15,000. The values in this table Other towns 39,932 40,554 1.6 are estimates developed by the Municipality of Mexicali 857,266 878,194 2.4 state population council, Note: Values are estimates. therefore, values do not add up. Source: CONEPO, Consejo Estatal de Poblacion, "Estimaciones Propias". 3 Factors to Population Growth Table 5: Imperial County Population Estimates and Migration, 2000–2006 Net Net Population Percent Numeric Natural Net Foreign Domestic (July 1) Change* Change Births Deaths Increase Migration Immigration Migration Imperial 1999 140,822 Census 2000 142,361 Apr-Jun 2000 1,228 564 205 359 869 749 120 2000 143,589 1.96 2,767 2,549 827 1,722 1,045 2,995 -1,950 2001 146,230 1.84 2,641 2,563 850 1,713 928 2,814 -1,886 2002 149,981 2.57 3,751 2,593 876 1,717 2,034 2,396 -362 2003 154,828 3.23 4,847 2,805 905 1,900 2,947 2,448 499 2004 159,458 2.99 4,630 2,916 920 1,996 2,634 2,779 -145 2005 164,293 3.03 4,835 3,024 894 2,130 2,705 2,415 290 2006 169,888 3.41 5,595 3,093 903 2,190 3,405 2,509 896 Sum* 27,527 17,558 5,553 12,005 15,522 16,110 -588 Average* 4,404 2,809 888 1,921 2,484 2,578 -94 Source: State of California, Department of Finance, County Population Estimates and Components of Change by County, July 1, 2000-2006. Table 5 provides a breakdown of the population growth in Imperial County from 2000 to 2006. In 2006, the population on July 1 was 169,888, a change of 3.41 percent from the pervious year. Change in the population was led by migration, particularly foreign immigration, into the county. From 2000 to 2006, there was a total natural increase of 12,005 people and 15,522 net migration increase. The net migration increase consists of a net foreign immigration of 16,110 new residents minus 588 domestic migration from the county. Table 6: Population Dynamics in the Northern Mexican States, 1990 and 2000 1990 2000 Average Average Annual Number Annual Number Growth of Growth of Rate Deaths Children Net Rate Deaths Children Net 1970–1990 (per 1,000 per Migration 1990–2000 (per 1,000 per Migration Border State (%) residents) Woman (%) (%) residents) Woman (%) Baja California 3.2 4.1 2.5 40.9 4.2 3.5 2.4 39.5 Coahuila de Zaragoza 2.8 4.6 2.7 -4.4 1.6 4 2.5 -4.7 Chihuahua 2.1 4.7 2.7 6.7 2.3 4.1 2.6 10.9 Sonora 2.5 4.5 2.7 7.1 2 4 2.6 6.7 Tamaulipas 2.2 4.7 2.6 9.1 2.1 4.3 2.4 11.3 Source: INEGI.
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