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Home , Desoria, Entomobryomorpha, Folsomia, Hexapoda, Isotomiella, Isotomiella minor

Turkish Journal of Turk J Zool (2017) 41: 24-32 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1509-28

New records of fauna (: Collembola: ) from Province in

1 2, 3 Muhammet Ali ÖZATA , Hasan SEVGİLİ *, Igor J. KAPRUS 1 Demir Karamancı Anatolian High School, , , Turkey 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey 3 State Museum of Natural History, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, L’viv, Ukraine

Received: 14.09.2015 Accepted/Published Online: 27.04.2016 Final Version: 25.01.2017

Abstract: This study aims to elucidate the Collembola fauna of the province of Ordu, which is situated between the Middle and Eastern regions of Turkey. Although a large number of Collembolan specimens had been collected, only Entomobryomorpha were given emphasis. From 44 different sampled localities of the province of Ordu, we recorded 6 families, 14 genera, and 28 species. Six of these species were previously recorded and 20 of them are new records for Turkey. The results were not surprising, considering that the sampled region had not been studied previously, quite like many habitats in Turkey. With our 20 new records (Entomobryomorpha), the grand total of the springtail fauna of Turkey is increased to 73 species. This represents an increase of almost 40% of the current list of known species. These numbers show us that the diversity of Collembola in Turkey is not thoroughly known and it is clear that numerous species remain undiscovered or undescribed.

Key words: , Hexapoda, Collembola, , Entomobryomorpha, new records, Ordu Province, Turkey

1. Introduction geography of the province comprises largely rural areas Collembologists have described over 8000 species in the with mountain valleys and elevated high plateaus (e.g., world, but most species remain to be described (Bellinger Çambaşı and Perşembe). The natural forest in the area is et al., 2016). Although the springtail fauna of some deteriorated due to densely populated rural settlements and neighboring countries of Turkey has been extensively hazelnut farming, but there are still common productive investigated and over 400 species were discovered from single or mixed forests composed of Fagus orientalis each of the countries (Ulrich and Fiera, 2009), little is Lipsky, Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Rhododendron spp., known about those in Turkey. The first attempt for a Abies sp., Picea orientalis (L.) Link, and Acer sp. from sea springtails check-list of Turkey was conducted by Sevgili level to 2000 m. Considering that diversity is significantly and Özata (2014) and 53 species were reported. The correlated with habitat diversity (Sousa et al., 2004), the researchers suggested that most springtail species remain Collembola fauna of Ordu should have rich species. It is to be reported and described from Turkey. Considering expected that the study area has a rich biodiversity that that Turkey is nearly covered by the Mediterranean, Balkan, contains both Caucasian and Balkan faunal elements. In African, Caucasus, and Irano-Anatolian biodiversity this study, although a large number of the collembolan hotspots, many interesting habitats are still completely specimens were collected, only the Entomobryomorpha unexplored (Şekercioğlu et al., 2011). species are given. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify the Collembola fauna of Ordu, situated between the Middle 2. Materials and methods and Eastern Black Sea regions of Turkey. Ordu has a total Species were collected from 44 different localities of the area of 5952 km2 (Figure). , , , and province of Ordu from sea level to subalpine zones (about are the neighboring provinces as parts of the 2000 m) during 2012 and 2013 (Table 1). Specimens were . The climate of Ordu Province is typical extracted by Berlese funnel from soil, leaf litter, and moss of the Black Sea region with high humidity and year- and captured from the collection vial using a small brush, round rainfall compared with other regions of Turkey. The and they were fixed in 75% alcohol. They were cleared in

* Correspondence: [email protected] 24 ÖZATA et al. / Turk J Zool

Figure. Map of the study area, the province of Ordu in the Black Sea region of Turkey (from Google Maps).

potassium hydroxide and mounted on a slide in Faure’s not listed here. The results were not surprising in terms solution. of richness, as the study region has not been extensively Literature information on the Collembola of Turkey studied compared with many habitats of Turkey. There was briefly reviewed by Sevgili and Özata (2014). The are few papers related to the Collembola of Turkey, which location, slide number, coordinates of the collection sites, were summarized by Sevgili and Özata (2014). With our collection dates, and examined materials are given in 20 new records (Entomobryomorpha), the total number Tables 1 and 2. of springtail fauna for Turkey has increased to 73 species. Thousands of Collembola samples were collected and This represents an increase of almost 40% of the current extracted, and 1045 specimens of springtails were identified list of known species. The fauna described here comprises (see Table 1 for details). The slides were deposited at the elements from mainly European and Caucasian in addition Zoology Laboratory of the Biology Department of Ordu to Palearctic and Holarctic regions (Bellinger et al., 2016). University, Turkey. These results show that the diversity of Collembola in Turkey is poorly known and it is clear that numerous 3. Results and discussion species remain to be discovered. Samples from 44 different localities of Ordu Province were 3.1. Faunistic part recorded as belonging to 6 families, 12 genera, and 28 Class: Collembola species. Six species were previously recorded and 20 are Order: Entomobryomorpha new records for Turkey (Tables 1 and 2). Some specimens Family could not be identified to species level, and hence they were Entomobrya handschini Stach, 1922

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Table 1. Information on the distributions, collection dates, habitats, and altitudes of the species of Entomobryomorpha recorded from the province of Ordu.

Location Collection Altitude Longitude Latitude Location Habitat no. date (m) (E) (N)

1 02.04.2012 Ulubey/Çorak Düzü district Hornbeam forest and moss 622 37°75′16″ 40°87′91″

08.04.2012 2 17.05.2012 Gülyalı/Turnasuyu village/Divane district Pine forest and moss 41 38°11′81″ 40°53′22″ 16.09.2012 17.05.2012 3 Gülyalı/Turnasuyu village/Divane district Chestnut forest and soil 70 38°11′81″ 40°53′22″ 16.09.2012 4 28.04.2012 Ulubey/Sayacabaşı district Redwood forest 934 37°72′02″ 40°87′09″

5 28.04.2012 Ulubey Sayacabaşı Kurşunçal road (2 km) Redwood forest 848 37°69′16″ 40°89′63″

6 28.04.2012 Altınordu/Günören village (Kurşunçal forest) Redwood forest 580 37°68′45″ 40°92′82″

7 13.05.2012 Altınordu/Bayadı village (Kurul Kayası district) Redwood forest and soil 280–298 37°89′50″ 40°90′32″

8 13.05.2012 Gülyalı/Kestane Village (Kurt kayası district) Mixed forest and soil 550 38°06′07″ 40°91′37″ 01.06.2012 9 01.06.2013 Ünye/İnkur (Çet picnic spot) Pine forest and soil 348–446 37°19′59″ 41°06′45″ 05.07.2012 10 05.07.2012 Ünye/İnkur (2 km ) Oak forest 376 37°21′61″ 41°03′75″

11 05.07.2012 Ünye (10 km southern) Redwood and soil 93 37°23′22″ 41°09′86″

12 05.07.2012 Ünye (around Ünye Castle) Redwood forest 166 37°23′72″ 41°09′55″ 05.07.2012 37°34′75″ 41°10′13″ 13 12.05.2013 Ünye/Asarkale (Kent ormanı) Pine, spruce, beech mixed forest 160–356 37°20′83″ 41°05′62″ 01.06.2013 05.07.2012 14 Perşembe/Kurtulmuş village Redwood forest 136 37°75′35″ 40°97′64″ 30.09.2012 15 08.07.2012 Ünye/İnkur-Tekkiraz road Redwood forest 476 37°08′18″ 41°00′03″

16 08.07.2012 Between Akkuş and (Tokat) Pine and oak forest 1218 37°34′12″ 40°75′30″

17 08.07.2012 Akkuş Pine forest 1226 37°35′54″ 40°86′14″

18 08.07.2012 Akkuş-Ünye road Oak forest 939 37°21′54″ 40°78′50″

19 08.07.2012 Akkuş Oak forest 1014 37°08′36″ 40°90′94″

20 08.07.2012 Ünye/Tekkiraz Oak forest 696 37°14′00″ 40°96′00″

21 08.07.2012 Akkuş Beech forest 1254 37°02′00″ 40°84′35″ 10.07.2012 30.09.2012 37°26′68″ 41°03′92″ 22 (Cıngırt Castle) Moss, chestnut, oak forest 161–240 12.05.2013 37°04′49″ 41°06′55″ 01.06.2013 23 10.07.2012 Fatsa/around Gaga Lake Redwood forest 59 37°50′42″ 40°97′36″

24 10.07.2012 Fatsa/Kabakdağ village Redwood forest 260 37°52′78″ 40°97′31″

25 17.07.2012 Gölköy/Kozören village Redwood forest 1001 37°66′14″ 40°67′80″

26 17.07.2012 Gölköy/Karagöz district Redwood forest 1083 37°60′96″ 40°63′84″

27 17.07.2012 Gölköy/Ulugöl Beech forest 1216 37°64′63″ 40°62′81″

28 17.07.2012 Gölköy/Kozören village Oak forest 1004 37°66′54″ 40°68′44″

29 17.07.2012 Gölköy/Tilkini district Beech forest 1199 37°62′09″ 40°63′29″

30 17.07.2012 Gölköy/Harçbeli district Beech forest 1409 37°62′40″ 40°60′51″ 17.07.2012 37°40′49″ 40°51′56″ 31 Ulubey/Refaiye village Spruce forest and soil 1056–1078 14.07.2013 37°67′27″ 40°85′89″ 32 12.05.2013 Fatsa/Yalıköy Leaf litter of Prunus laurocerasus 33 37°37′11″ 41°03′88″

33 12.05.2013 Fatsa/Yalıköy Leaf litter of Diospyros kaki and soil 33 37°37′11″ 41°03′88″

34 12.05.2013 Perşembe/ village Leaf litter of Daphne and soil 88 37°46′75″ 41°05′58″

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Table 1. (Continued).

Location Collection Altitude Longitude Latitude Location Habitat no. date (m) (E) (N)

35 12.05.2013 Fatsa/Yalıköy Lungwort 33 37°37′11″ 41°03′88″

36 12.05.2013 Fatsa/Yalıköy Moss and soil 33 37°71′11″ 41°03′88″

37 12.05.2013 Perşembe/Hoynat island district Moss and soil 18 37°43′82″ 41°06′84″

38 01.06.2013 Ünye Leaf litter of oriental plane 320 37°12′15″ 41°04′48″

39 21.07.2013 Kabadüz Leaf litter of maple 1625 37°55′75″ 40°43′58″ Kabadüz/between Turnalık and Çambaşı (Eminem 40 21.07.2013 Fir forest and soil 1886 37°56′91″ 40°37′98″ çeşmesi) 41 21.07.2013 Kabadüz/between Turnalık and Çambaşı Moss and soil 1647 37°55′91″ 40°42′93″

42 27.08.2013 Mesudiye Pine forest 1368 37°47′99″ 40°32′05″

43 27.08.2013 Mesudiye Pine and mixed forest 1239 37°46′98″ 40°29′94″

44 08.09.2013 Between Ünye and Akkuş Moss 968 37°10′15″ 40°92′28″

Distribution: The species was recorded from Romania 2013). A new record from Turkey. (Fiera, 2007), Slovakia, Bulgaria, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Remarks: Although color patterns of the body have Ukraine, , Austria, and Iran (Jordana, 2012). There been used in most keys as an important tool for identifying are also some records from Samsun, a province adjacent the species, color patterns can be highly variable within to Ordu in the Black Sea region of Turkey (Stach, 1963; the species but its chaetotaxy is constant (see Jordana, Sevgili and Özata, 2014). 2012) and some records from European countries should Remarks: Based on the description, this species can be confirmed. The species has been collected from only be reliably distinguished from the closely related species one locality and was extracted from the debris of Picea with a color pattern on abdomen II and III (Stach, orientalis (L.) Link. 1963). The species exhibits an apparent wide variation Entomobrya subcaucasica Stach, 1963 in size, color, and morphology possibly due to its wide Distribution: Until now, it was known only from distribution, which may make the diagnosis of the species Georgia (Jordana, 2012). This is a new record for Turkey. difficult (Stach, 1963; Jordana, 2012). The specimens were Remarks: Distinguished from other species of the extracted from the debris of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. in genus by a different color pattern and chaetotaxical the present study. characters (Jordana and Baquero, 2005; Jordana, 2012). It Entomobrya multifasciata (Tullberg, 1871) was collected from only one locality in Ordu. The species Distribution: It has a wide distribution in the Holarctic has a possible distribution between Ordu and Caucasia and North Atlantic Islands (Jordana, 2012). It is also throughout the Black Sea region of Turkey. reported from Romania (Fiera, 2007), Poland, Ukraine, Family Heteromuridae Latvia, Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey, Albania, and Heteromurus (Heteromurus) nitidus (Templeton, Spain in the Palearctic Region (Stach, 1963) and France, 1836) Norway, Switzerland, and (Jordana, 2012). Distribution: Cosmopolitan species (Fjellberg, 2007). Remarks: The of the species remains A new record for Turkey. confusing because of its wide morphological variation Remarks: Although the genus contains 35 species and probably cosmopolitan distribution, and it has been (Bellinger et al., 2016), only one species was recorded recorded from different habitats (Jordana, 2012). When from the study area. The species can be distinguished comparing the length of the antennae of our materials to from closely related species by the detailed morphology of those reported by Stach (1963) and Jordana (2012), our antennae (Fjellberg, 2007). In the study area H. nitidus was specimens’ antennae are longer. Therefore, whether our collected from two different localities and extracted from specimens belong to E. multifasciata remains doubtful. the debris of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and Castanea Correct identification using more materials will eliminate sativa Mill. the confusion. Family Lepidocyrtidae Entomobrya nicoleti (Lubbock, 1870) Lepidocyrtus nigrescens Szeptycki, 1967 Distribution: The species has been found in Europe Distribution: Widely distributed in the Palearctic (Britain, Spain, Switzerland, France, Sweden, European Region (Fjellberg, 2007; Mateos, 2008, 2011, 2012; Russia) after Jordana (2012) and Australia (Dehaerveng, Bellinger et al., 2016). A new record for Turkey.

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Table 2. Species list of the taxa of Entomobryomorpha in Ordu Province, with their examined materials, slide numbers, and location numbers.

Family Species Examined materials Slide no. Location no.

Entomobrya handschini Stach, 1922 1 male, 1 female, 3 juv.** 65 26

Entomobrya multifasciata Tullberg, 1871 1 female, 1 male, 3 juv.* 237b, 247b, 237a, 204d 9, 22, 44 Entomobryidae Entomobrya nicoleti Lubbock, 18701 3 juv.* 10a, 10b 31

Entomobrya subcaucasica Stach, 19631 1 juv.* 10b- 31

Heteromurus (Heteromurus) nitidus Heteromuridae 3 juv.* 84, 72, 112a 3, 12* (Templeton, 1836)1

Lepidocyrtus nigrescens Szeptycki, 19671 1 male, 7 juv.* N4-8 22

65, 23b, 198a, 214, 171, 61, 36, 41, 46, 71, 35a, 84, 18b, 208 b, 178, 116b, 2, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, Lepidocyrtus cf. lanuginosus Gmelin, 1788 21 males, 9 females, 109 juv.* 137, 161b, 235a, 198b, 219c, 112a, 84, 23a, 84a, 241a, 240a, 201b, 240b, 14, 15, 17, 21, 22, 28, 198c, 116b, 118a, 219a, 241b, 50b, 85, 5, 44a 32, 39, 40, 41 Lepidocyrtidae

197b, 167c, 224c, 224e, 133, 199c, 187a, 222, N4-8, 206f, 206a, 208a, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, Lepidocyrtus cf. lignorum (Fabricius, 1793) 5 males, 3 females, 42 juv.* 46b, 104, 50a, 219a 16, 22, 36

Pseudosinella horaki Rusek, 19851 2 males, 1 female, 5 juv.* 37 42

Orchesella balcanica Stach, 19601 7 males, 1 juv.* 157b, 157d 37

Orchesella cincta (Linnæus, 1758)1 2 males, 17 juv.* N9-13, 204b, 239a 28, 22, 25 Orchesellidae Orchesella caucasica Stach, 19601 10 males, 9 juv.* 148, 133, 163a, 181b, 200, 241a, 118a 9, 22, 27, 28

Orchesella taurica Stach, 19601 16 males, 2 females, 12 juv.* 157c, 157a, 1a, 1b, 98, 50a 19, 37, 39, 43

Desoria trispinata MacGillivray, 18961 1 female, 5 juv.* 213b, 215, 154b 10, 14

Folsomia inoculata Stach, 19471 19 juv.* 18a, 18b, 18c, 211b, 154a, 153e, 249c, 144a, 44b 5, 9, 17, 31

191c, 214m, 214s, 214n, 167a, 194, 197b, 191b, 167b, 159, 224d, 224c, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 16 males, 25 females, 173 224e, 153d, 143, 215, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6a, 197d, 214, 214p, 246, 77, 67, 81, 63, Folsomia ksenemani Stach, 19471 14, 19, 20, 25, 26, 28, juv.* 60, 211, 168l, 28d, N6, 207d, 168f, N3-5, 168h, 30, 100a, 249c, 249a, 30, 40 249b, 153e, 112b, 153b, 131, 99, 113, 147a, 153, 114b, 50b, 28a, 103

214ş, 214m, 214f, 214s, 214n, 167a, 245, 197, 188a, 188c, 188b, 167c, 2, 3, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 12 males, 15 females, 58 juv.* Folsomia manolachei Bagnall, 19391 167b, 168c, 141a, 168e, 6f, 214, 214p, 77, 35a, 206e, 141b, 214l, 214g, 14, 15, 16, 17, 22, 23, 178, 14, 168l, 49, 168f, N3-5, 7a, 131, 128, 144a, 103 25, 30, 44

166a, 224d, 168a, 141a, N5, 141b, 168d, 49, 203, 168f, 168g, 168c, 168e, Folsomia penicula Bagnall, 1939 9 males, 10 females, 45 juv.* 5, 9, 17, 31 201b, 14

Folsomia spinosa Kseneman, 19361 1 juv.* 22 17

Isotomiella minor (Schaffer, 1896) 1 male, 1 female, 4 juv.* 18a, 18b, 18c, N6, 19a, 164, 9 12, 17, 31, 40

Pachyotoma caucasica Stach, 19471 2 males, 3 females, 17 juv.* 237b, 247b, 237a, 204d 9, 12, 13

214s, 214n, 167a, 194, 188a, 167c, 167, 166a, 168c, 6c, 246, 60, 6q, 206e, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, Parisotoma notabilis Schaffer, 1896 3 males, 6 females, 64 juv.* N5, 18a, 18b, 18c, 168d, 208b, 14, 168l, 129, N-12, 28d, 206f, 207d, 17, 19, 22, 28, 39, 40, 150a, 168h, 6l, 30, 100a, 249c, 153b, 131, 144a, 144b, 21a, 21c, 21d, 103 41, 42

Pseudisotoma sensibilis Tullberg, 18761 5 males, 3 females, 36 juv.* 166b, 157c, 156d, 156h, 156f, 156c 14

Pogonognathellus flavescens Tullberg, 18711 1 juv.*. 224a 2

65, 246, 69a, 83, 52, 86, N1-1, 66b, 225a, 52, 105, 242, 201b, 115, 66a, 1, 3, 12, 13, 14, 17, 22, Pogonognathellus longicornis Müller, 17761 5 males, 5 females, 26 juv.*. 31, 114a, 24a, 29a, 29c 26, 27, 28, 31, 40

Tomocerina minuta Tullberg, 18761 2 males, 2 females, 8 juv.* 224e, 41, 71, 84, N5, 150a, 24a, 185 2, 13, 16, 36

195, 184, 138, 139b, 183, 215, 69b, 15, N5, 247b, 11, 168l, 116b, 203, 1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, Tomoceridae minor Lubbock, 18621 12 males, 8 females, 66 juv.* 207d, 54, 208c, 10b, 88 66b, 52, 105, 232a, 249b, 108, 115, 66a, 102, 15, 19, 20, 22, 27, 31, 40 118a, 91, 241b, 169a, 114a, 114b, 112b, 24a, 97, 24b, 29c, 44a, 139a

176, 224a, 23b, 69b, 26, 83, 42, 203, N7-14, N9-18, 206a, 150a, 172b, 9 males, 12 females, 71 juv.* 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 16, Tullberg, 1871 150b, 57a, 172a, 246b, 249b, 115, 66a, 91, 169a, 224b, 94, 114b, 114a, 25, 26, 28, 33, 44 24a, 97, 29c

1New records for Turkey; * juv. = juvenile

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Remarks: Lepidocyrtus is a large genus in the Orchesella caucasica Stach, 1960 Lepidocyrtinae (Mateos, 2008, 2011, 2012) and Distribution: It is known from the Caucasus (Stach identification of the species is very difficult. There are 1960). This is the first record from Turkey. some other species collected from the study area, but we Remarks: This species is very similar to O. bifasciata are still studying them for identification.L. nigrescens Nicolet, 1842, but is distinguished from that species by was collected only from one locality on the shore and was body coloration and different unguiculus (Stach, 1960). extracted from the debris of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. Although Stach (1960) recorded this species at high L. cf. lanuginosus Gmelin, 1788 and L. cf. lignorum altitudes in the Caucasus Mountains, we collected our (Fabricius, 1793) specimens near the shore of Ünye and Fatsa in this study. Remarks: Besides L. nigrescens, two other species of the The specimens were extracted from the debris of Pinus sp. genus were recorded from the study area (see Table 2), but and moss. we had difficulties identifying them. Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, Orchesella taurica Stach, 1960 1839 is one of the largest genera of Collembola and the Distribution: According to Stach (1960), it occurs species taxonomy of the genus has not been sufficiently in the Crimean Peninsula and Caucasus. The species studied (Mateos, 2011, 2012; Mateos and Petersen, was then reported from Europe (Greece, Dodecanese 2012). Morphology alone is not sufficient to resolve Islands, Bulgaria) and the Near East (Caucasian Russian the relationships between taxa due to large variations. republics, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Lebanon, Syria, The examined specimens ofL. cf. lanuginosus and L. cf. Israel, Jordan, Sinai Peninsula (Egypt), Arabian Peninsula, lignorum show variability in morphology of chaetotaxy Iran, and Iraq) (Deharveng, 2013). Other records have and body pigmentation. Therefore, to confirm our species been reported from Ukraine (Bondarenko-Borisova and of Lepidocyrtus, it is necessary to carefully restudy their Sandul, 2002) and Austria (Querner, 2004). This is the first morphology as well as their chaetotaxy. record from Turkey. Pseudosinella horaki Rusek, 1985 Remarks: This species is very similar in appearance to Distribution: It was previously known from former O. bifasciata Nicolet, 1842 (Stach, 1960). O. taurica differs Czechoslovakia (Rusek, 1985) and was later recorded from this species in color patterns, antennal length, teeth from Moldova, Slovakia, Hungary (Deharveng, 2013), settlement on the unguiculus, and bigger body size. The Ukraine (Kaprus et al., 2006), Poland (Sterzynska et al., samples were collected from high altitudes and extracted 2007), Romania (Fiera, 2013), and finally from Turkey in from the debris of Abies and Pinus forest. the present study. Family Isotomidae Remarks: Pseudosinella is the second largest genus trispinata (MacGillivray, 1896) of Lepidocyrtinae and only one specimen was recorded Distribution: Cosmopolitan species (Potapov, 2001) from the study area. We believe that there should be more and new record from Turkey. species of the genus not collected in the present study. The Remarks: It was collected near the shore and extracted species was collected from one locality at about 1300 m in from the debris of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and Quercus altitude and extracted from the debris of Pinus sp. sp. Family Orchesellidae Folsomia inoculata Stach, 1947 Orchesella balcanica Stach, 1960 Distribution: It is distributed in mountain regions of Distribution: Presently known only from Bulgaria and the Palearctic, from Germany to China and Japan, but Romania (Stach, 1960), Greece (Ellis, 1966), and Hungary there are not adequate records from the western part of (Dány and Traser, 2008). This is a new record for Turkey. Europe (Potapov, 2001). The present record is the first Remarks: Taxonomic details of the species were given from Turkey. by Stach (1960). The samples were extracted from moss in Remarks: It is morphologically very similar to Folsomia Ordu. spinosa Kseneman, 1936. However, this species has been (Linnaeus, 1758) categorized under a different species groups, F. inoculata– Distribution: It is widespread in the Palearctic Region inoculata (Potapov, 2001). from Portugal to Russia and the Nearctic (Deharveng, Folsomia ksenemani Stach, 1947 2013). This is the first record from Turkey. Distribution: Faunistic records were mostly given Remarks: This species may be distinguished from other from Europe (Hungary, Slovakia, Austria, Czech Republic, species of the genus by its different body color pattern France, Spain, Italy, Romania, Rhodes, Crete, Ukraine), and morphological details as given by Stach (1960). It the West Caucasus of Russia, Lebanon (Potapov, 2001), was collected from one locality near the shore and was and Georgia (Barjadze et al., 2012). This is a new report extracted from the debris of acacia and hazelnut. from Turkey.

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Remarks: Although F. ksenemani belongs to the Pachyotoma caucasica (Stach, 1947) spinosa-species group, morphological characters of the Distribution: Although it is mainly known from the species show high variability (Potapov, 2001). Therefore, Caucasus, there are some doubtful records from the Italian the existence of the species in northern Europe needs Alps (Potapov, 2001). It is a new record for Turkey. confirmation. Very little is known about its biology. In this Remarks: This species may be easily distinguished by study, specimens of F. ksenemani were collected from the having a claw with distinct inner tooth and dense with seashore to high altitudes and sampled from the debris of about nine anterior setae. It was collected from a few Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and mixed forest litters (Pinus, localities and extracted from debris of Pinus. Quercus, and Abies sp.). This species is the most common Parisotoma notabilis (Schaffer, 1896) within the genus Folsomia in the study area. Distribution: As a cosmopolitan species, it is also Folsomia manolachei Bagnall, 1939 known from the Turkey-Syria border (Sevgili and Özata, Distribution: The distribution range of the species 2014). covers the whole Palearctic (Potapov, 2001), but records Remarks: This species is well characterized by its from Asia are more common than European records. A dense pale-gray body color, oval and bigger eye spots, and new record for Turkey. 4+4 postlabial chaetae. The biology of this species is well Remarks: This species is a member of the quadrioculata- species group (Potapov, 2001). A confirmation of the known (Potapov, 2001). P. notabilis was common in the identification of old records is certainly needed. We collected study area and was extracted from debris of various trees the specimens from most of the localities of Ordu Province. and mixed forest. Folsomia penicula Bagnall, 1939 Pseudisotoma sensibilis Tullberg, 1876 Distribution: Although it is common in Palearctic Distribution: The distribution range of this species Region, the species is widely distributed all over Europe covers the Palearctic, Nearctic, and Oriental regions (but it is known as “Folsomia multiseta”) (Potapov, 2001). (Deharveng, 2013), but most of the records belong to Far It is also known from North America. Records from Far East Asia, Russia, Japan, and China (Potapov, 2001). It is a East Asia need confirmation (Potapov, 2001). The species new record for Turkey. is known from the Turkey-Syria border (Sevgili and Özata, Remarks: We found this species only from the province 2014). of Ordu. Potapov (2001) stated that the taxonomic status Remarks: This species is a member of thespinosa - of the old records from the Palearctic Region was doubtful species group. F. penicula was sampled from the debris of and should be revised. Very large variation was found in Alnus, Pinus, and moss. the pigmentation of the species and the color pattern is not Folsomia spinosa Kseneman, 1936 a good feature to identify this species. The specimens were Distribution: The species was recoded from many collected from the seashore of Ordu and were sampled regions of Europe (Potapov, 2001), but this is a new record from the debris of Alnus and moss. for Turkey. Family Tomoceridae Remarks: F. spinosa is a typical Folsomia species as Pogonognathellus flavescens (Tullberg, 1871) seen in its general habitus, but the specimens collected in Distribution: Holarctic Region (Fjellberg, 2007). This this study from Ordu Province differ from other members is the first record for Turkey. of the spinosus-species group, having a transparent and Remarks: We found two species of the genus granulated body. They were extracted from the debris of Pogonognathellus in Ordu Province. This species may be Pinus at about 1200 m. Collection of more materials from easily distinguished from P. longicornis by having different specific areas at higher altitudes of Ordu Province will teeth arrangement and teeth number on dens. This species provide new distributional information of this species for was only extracted from debris of Pinus and was found the study area. Potapov (2001) stated that this species has a low population density in its habitats. only in one locality in Ordu Province. minor (Schaffer, 1896) Pogonognathellus longicornis (Müller, 1776) Distribution: Cosmopolitan species (Potapov, 2001); it Distribution: Recorded from the Holarctic Region was recorded from the area near the Turkey-Syria border (Fjellberg, 2007) and a new record for Turkey. (Sevgili and Özata, 2014). Remarks: P. longicornis is common in the province of Remarks: I. minor has wide distribution in the world Ordu from the seashore to high altitudes. This species is and shows a high level of morphological variations very similar to the previous species, but the macrochaetae (Potapov, 2001). Many records under this species’ name of the legs are longer than those of P. flavescens. We should be revised. We collected the specimens from a few extracted them from various litters of trees and bushes in localities from the seashore to high altitudes and sampled the study area. For taxonomic details about this species, it from the debris of Alnus and Pinus. see Fjellberg (2007).

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Tomocerina minuta (Tullberg, 1876) Tomocerus vulgaris (Tullberg, 1871) Distribution: Reported from the Holarctic Region Distribution: Cosmopolitan distribution (Fjellberg, (Fjellberg, 2007) and a new record for Turkey. 2007). It was also recorded in () in Turkey Remarks: There are 12 species of the genus Tomocerina (Skayrzynski and Pomorski, 1999). in the world (Bellinger et al., 2016). We found only one Remarks: This species is widespread in Ordu Province species from Ordu and collected it from the seashore to and was sampled from the various debris of mixed forest. high altitudes. The specimens were sampled from debris of chestnut and pine. Acknowledgments (Lubbock, 1862) We would like to thank Mikhail Potapov, Rafael Jordana, Distribution: Cosmopolitan species, but this is the first and Eduardo Mateos for their help in collection methods record from Turkey. and providing some papers. Special thanks to Rahşen Kaya Remarks: The common species was collected by and Rana Akyazı for their valuable advice, which improved extraction from the debris of various mixed forests this study significantly. Many thanks to Hüseyin Sevgili with other springtails in Ordu. The species can be easily and Onur Sevgili for their suggestions and for improving differentiated by having dorsal spines of the dens 3-forked the English. We also thank the anonymous referees for as compared with the other species, T. vulgaris, which has their comments on the earlier version of this manuscript. simple spines on the dens (see Martynova, 1969; Fjellberg, Funding was provided by Ordu University, Turkey 2007). The species is common in Ordu Province. (Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit, TF-1308).

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