Planting Density? Lengths M
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Cost reduction and efficiency improvement of short rotation coppice (CREFF) Nicolas Marron, Laureline Bés de Berc, Laura van den Kerchove, Axel Weinreich, Stefanie Haid, Ludger Eltrop, Jan Focke, Thorsten Beimgraben, Michael Nahm, Franck Brodbeck To cite this version: Nicolas Marron, Laureline Bés de Berc, Laura van den Kerchove, Axel Weinreich, Stefanie Haid, et al.. Cost reduction and efficiency improvement of short rotation coppice (CREFF). Projet ERA-NET ”Réduction de coûts et amélioration de l’efficacité des taillis à courte et très courte rotation“ (CREFF). Réunion de clôture officielle, Apr 2012, Kraichtal, Allemagne. 28 p. hal-01267935 HAL Id: hal-01267935 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01267935 Submitted on 6 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 A genda / Program m e 12:30: B egrüßung / A ccueil 12:40: Präsentationen der Projektergebnisse zu Présentation des résultats du projet – Einführung Introduction – W P1 KU P Produktion (12:45 – 13:00) W P1 Production des T CR – W P3 KU P R ohstoffqualität und Lagerung (13:00 – 13:15) W P3 S tockage et conditionnem ent de la biom asse de T CR – W P5 KU P G eschäftsm odelle und Kooperationen zw ischen Produzenten und B iom asse-A bnehm ern (13:15 – 13:30) W P5 M odèles com m erciaux et coopérations pilotes entre producteurs et consom m ateurs 13:30: Kaffepause / Pause café ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 2 A genda / Program m e 13:50: Fortsetzung V orträge / S uite des présentations : – W P4 B etriebsw irtschaftliche B ew ertung des KU P A nbaus in der Forschungsregion (13:50 – 14:05) W P4 Evaluation économ ique de la production T CR dans la région – W P2 KU P Erntetechnik und Erntelogistik – m ultim ediale Präsentation und D iskussion gängiger und neuer Erntetechniken (14:05 – 14:25) W P2 T echniques de récolte actuelles et futures Exkursion • 14:30 B esichtigung von drei 2-4 jährigen KU P A nbauflächen der Firm a Frank – Führung durch die FV A -Freiburg (5 M inuten per PKW ) V isite de trois T T CR de peuplier (âgés de 2 à 4 ans, en 2èm e rotation) de l’entreprise Frank, visite guidée par FV A (5 m in en voiture) • 15:30 Feedbackrunde aus dem Kreis der Projektpartner und D iskussion zu den Perspektiven von KU P T able ronde de discussion et de retour avec les partenaires de CR EFF sur le projet et les perspectives de T CR /T T CR dans la région 16:00: T agungsende / Fin du sém inaire ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 3 .ost reduction and efficiency im provem ent of S hort R otation Coppice (CR EFF) w w w .creff.eu ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Context Present geopolitical and environmental world context: - Rarefaction of fossil fuels - Needs to reduce CO2 emissions Promotion of renewable energy Biomass Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Context Up to recently, slow development in Europe due to non competitive profits as compared to non-energetic cultures ° Expensive plant material ° Plant breeding and optimization of species-site matching needed ° High harvest and transport costs Necessity to reduce production and supply costs ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Problem ° At present, research results available for: - medium to good sites - for large field sizes ° Such conditions rarely found in many regions of Central Europe: - Good sites rare and expensive and used for demanding annual crops Ï SRC on less favorable sites in terms of soil quality and forms - Average sizes of fields and farms much smaller than in UK and south-Sweden Ï SRC in small field sizes, at scattered locations and on unfavorable sites ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Problem ° At present, research results available for: - medium to good sites - for large field sizes ° Such conditions rarely found in many regions of Central Europe: - Good sites rare and expensive and used for demanding annual crops Ï SRC on less favorable sites in terms of soil quality and forms - Average sizes of fields and farms much smaller than in UK and south-Sweden Ï SRC in small field sizes, at scattered locations and on unfavorable sites Ï To promote the use of biomass from SRC, optimized SRC value chains for unfavorable conditions have to be found ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Approach Improvement of efficiency Definition of an optimal, via a straight consumer-oriented locally adapted production quality production (WP3) system for farmers (WP1) Strategies to overcome the problem of unfavorable conditions Co-operation for optimized Improvement of harvesting concepts between techniques and establishment producers and consumers (WP5) of efficient logistic systems (WP2) Overall cost reduction for the SRC-production (WP4) ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Structure A complementary consortium: Economic analyses of value chains WP4 Farmers Plantation Harvest Conditioning management & Transport of wood quality Farmers WP1 WP2 WP3 Industry Farmers Farmers New business concepts WP5 establish early and intensive cooperation between producers and consumers ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Nicolas Marron Yield determinants Laureline Bes de Berc Site U conditions Estrées-Mons Amagne Asfeld U U U U Ambly-Fleury Semuy Moyenvic U La brosse U Pleyber-Christ Montceaux Champenoux U U Lamballe U U Saint-Gilles DarnieullesU Padoux U U U U Saint-Ségal La prénessaye Le Chesnoy Sélestat U U Gennes sur Seiche U Kerlavic U U U Attigny Kerguéhennec Les Cormiers La ferme du Bouchet Blois U Saint-Cyr-en-Val U U Nouzilly U Guémené-Penfao U U Plantation Plant Saint-Sulpice Brinon-sur-Sauldre -des-Landes U U management material Vatan Echigey Association d’Initiatives Locales pour l’Energie et l’Environnement Ï Reduction of input needs Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Forêt, Cellulose, Bois-construction, Ï Reduction of associated costs Ameublement Chambres d’Agriculture Institut pour le Développement Forestier Laboratoire des Interactions Microorganismes Minéraux Matière Organique dans les Sols Ï Sites considered together to evaluate the impact of the pedoclimate Ï And site-specific experiments to evaluate the impact of management practices ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Nicolas Marron Yield determinants Laureline Bes de Berc Site conditions Willow + Poplar PC2 (24.3%) 1 Stone content Mean temperature Plantation Plant management material Global radiation pH 0.5 Water use efficiency: Sand - BRaioinmfaallss produced / Water used - Assimilation / Transpiration Carbon isotope discrimination 0 (∆, ‰), usuPaClly1 linearly and -1 -0.5 0 0.5 negaCtliavyely1 (r3e4l.a4t%ed) to WUEi 2-year stem height Leaf N Organic Leaf ∆ matter -0.5 N -1 Correlations within soil, climate and plant categories … but few correlation between yield and either soil or climate Indicated that plantation management and plant characteristics are of primary importance for the first rotation (2 seasons) ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Nicolas Marron Yield determinants Laureline Bes de Berc Site conditions Production Plantation Plant management material Carbon cycle Optimization Nitrogen cycle Water cycle Phytosanitary Fertilization treatment Irrigation Management Plant material Management y r y n r n c t t s g g t g a o e i n E o h u u n i E n n d t i t i 2 t i e s i t t p p N t n a U g a t U u t x n N t a e n n i n u l q u i i e o W x N e W a e i C l M C R r f D c f ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 Nicolas Marron Yield determinants Laureline Bes de Berc When should we harvest, spring vs. fall? Cutting M calendar a Do we have to coppice at the end of the first year? n a Rotation g e Is there an optimal planting density? lengths m Is it relevant to chemically fertilize SRC? e n N t Is sludge spreading a relevant practice? input What is the best cultural antecedent? NUE P l a n N2 t What are/is the “best” species for SRC? fixation m a t e Do we have to use monoclonal blocks or mixtures? Mixing r i a l What are/is the “best” species for SRC? WUE M Density a n Is there an optimal planting density? a Cutting g e frequency m Is wastewater spreading a relevant practice? e n Back ER A -N et B ioenergy project CR EFF Water t Kraichtal, G erm any, A pril 4, 2012 input Nicolas Marron Yield determinants Laureline Bes de Berc When should we harvest, spring vs.