Araneae, Oonopidae)
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The First Record of Family Segestriidae Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Dysderoidea) from Iran
Serket (2014) vol. 14(1): 15-18. The first record of family Segestriidae Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Dysderoidea) from Iran Alireza Zamani Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms in Iran, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran [email protected] Abstract The family Segestriidae Simon, 1893 and the species Segestria senoculata (Linnaeus, 1758) are recorded in Iran for the first time, based on a single female specimen. Keywords: Spiders, Segestriidae, Segestria senoculata, new record, Iran. Introduction Segestriidae Simon, 1893 is a small family of medium-sized, araneomorph, ecribellate, haplogyne spiders with three tarsal claws which are globally represented by 119 species in three genera (Platnick, 2014). These spiders are six-eyed, and are usually distinguishable by having their third pair of legs directed forwards. From taxonomic point of view, Segestriidae is closely related to Dysderidae, and are considered as a member of the superfamily Dysderoidea. The type genus, Segestria Latreille, 1804, is consisted of 18 species and one subspecies which are mostly distributed in the Palaearctic ecozone (Platnick, 2014). One of the more distributed species is Segestria senoculata (Linnaeus, 1758). This species, like most segestriids, occupies a wide variety of habitats; they prefer living in holes within walls and barks, or under stones, where they build a tubular retreat, with strong threads of silk radiating from the entrance (Roberts, 1995). So far, about 500 spider species of more than 38 families have been reported from Iran (based on our upcoming work on the renewed checklist and the history of studies), but no documentation of the family Segestriidae has been reported from Iran (Mozaffarian & Marusik, 2001; Ghavami, 2006; Kashefi et al., 2013). -
A Protocol for Online Documentation of Spider Biodiversity Inventories Applied to a Mexican Tropical Wet Forest (Araneae, Araneomorphae)
Zootaxa 4722 (3): 241–269 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.3.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6AC6E70B-6E6A-4D46-9C8A-2260B929E471 A protocol for online documentation of spider biodiversity inventories applied to a Mexican tropical wet forest (Araneae, Araneomorphae) FERNANDO ÁLVAREZ-PADILLA1, 2, M. ANTONIO GALÁN-SÁNCHEZ1 & F. JAVIER SALGUEIRO- SEPÚLVEDA1 1Laboratorio de Aracnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Comparada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Colonia Copilco el Bajo. C. P. 04510. Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México. E-mail: [email protected] 2Corresponding author Abstract Spider community inventories have relatively well-established standardized collecting protocols. Such protocols set rules for the orderly acquisition of samples to estimate community parameters and to establish comparisons between areas. These methods have been tested worldwide, providing useful data for inventory planning and optimal sampling allocation efforts. The taxonomic counterpart of biodiversity inventories has received considerably less attention. Species lists and their relative abundances are the only link between the community parameters resulting from a biotic inventory and the biology of the species that live there. However, this connection is lost or speculative at best for species only partially identified (e. g., to genus but not to species). This link is particularly important for diverse tropical regions were many taxa are undescribed or little known such as spiders. One approach to this problem has been the development of biodiversity inventory websites that document the morphology of the species with digital images organized as standard views. -
Three New Species of the Oonopid Spider Genus Ischnothyreus (Araneae: Oonopidae) from Tioman Island (Malaysia)
Zootaxa 3161: 37–47 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Three new species of the oonopid spider genus Ischnothyreus (Araneae: Oonopidae) from Tioman Island (Malaysia) YVONNE KRANZ-BALTENSPERGER Natural History Museum, Bernastrasse 15, CH-3005 Bern, Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Three new species of the genus Ischnothyreus (I. tioman, I. tekek and I. namo) are described from Tioman Island off the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Two of the described species show peculiar cheliceral modifications that are dis- cussed with respect to similar structures found in other families. Key words: taxonomy, systematics, morphology, Asia Introduction With currently 755 described species in 83 genera (Platnick 2011), goblin spiders (Oonopidae) are an extremely diverse spider family. Most of them are ground-dwellers and live in litter or under bark, but some species are also found in the tree canopy (Fannes et al. 2008). They are small (0.5–4.0 mm), haplogyne, usually six-eyed spiders, and are most diverse in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2006). The genus Ischnothyreus, established by Simon in 1893, currently comprises 41 species. Occurring worldwide, the genus is most abundant in the Oriental region (Platnick 2011). Recently, 17 new species were reported from Borneo (Kranz-Baltensperger 2011). The genus is also present in Australia (Edward & Harvey 2009). Males of Ischnothyreus have strongly sclerotized palps and modified endites, the females can be recognized by the winding genital tube. In this contribution three new species of Ischnothyreus are described from Tioman Island, a small island close to mainland Malaysia (Fig. -
Five Papers on Fossil and Extant Spiders
BEITR. ARANEOL., 13 (2020) Joerg Wunderlich FIVE PAPERS ON FOSSIL AND EXTANT SPIDERS BEITR. ARANEOL., 13 (2020: 1–176) FIVE PAPERS ON FOSSIL AND EXTANT SPIDERS NEW AND RARE FOSSIL SPIDERS (ARANEAE) IN BALTIC AND BUR- MESE AMBERS AS WELL AS EXTANT AND SUBRECENT SPIDERS FROM THE WESTERN PALAEARCTIC AND MADAGASCAR, WITH NOTES ON SPIDER PHYLOGENY, EVOLUTION AND CLASSIFICA- TION JOERG WUNDERLICH, D-69493 Hirschberg, e-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.joergwunderlich.de. – Here a digital version of this book can be found. © Publishing House, author and editor: Joerg Wunderlich, 69493 Hirschberg, Germany. BEITRAEGE ZUR ARANEOLOGIE (BEITR. ARANEOL.), 13. ISBN 978-3-931473-19-8 The papers of this volume are available on my website. Print: Baier Digitaldruck GmbH, Heidelberg. 1 BEITR. ARANEOL., 13 (2020) Photo on the book cover: Dorsal-lateral aspect of the male tetrablemmid spider Elec- troblemma pinnae n. sp. in Burmit, body length 1.5 mm. See the photo no. 17 p. 160. Fossil spider of the year 2020. Acknowledgements: For corrections of parts of the present manuscripts I thank very much my dear wife Ruthild Schöneich. For the professional preparation of the layout I am grateful to Angelika and Walter Steffan in Heidelberg. CONTENTS. Papers by J. WUNDERLICH, with the exception of the paper p. 22 page Introduction and personal note………………………………………………………… 3 Description of four new and few rare spider species from the Western Palaearctic (Araneae: Dysderidae, Linyphiidae and Theridiidae) …………………. 4 Resurrection of the extant spider family Sinopimoidae LI & WUNDERLICH 2008 (Araneae: Araneoidea) ……………………………………………………………...… 19 Note on fossil Atypidae (Araneae) in Eocene European ambers ………………… 21 New and already described fossil spiders (Araneae) of 20 families in Mid Cretaceous Burmese amber with notes on spider phylogeny, evolution and classification; by J. -
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Anna. Rev. Ecol. Swf. 1991. 22:565-92 SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION OF SPIDERS (ARANEAE)* • Jonathan A. Coddington Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560 Herbert W. Levi Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 KEY WORDS: taxonomy, phytogeny, cladistics, biology, diversity INTRODUCTION In the last 15 years understanding of the higher systematics of Araneae has changed greatly. Large classical superfamilies and families have turned out to be poly- or paraphyletic; posited relationships were often based on sym- plesiomorphies. In this brief review we summarize current taxonomic and phylogenetic knowledge and suggest where future efforts might profitably be concentrated. We lack space to discuss fully all the clades mentioned, and the cited numbers of described taxa are only approximate. Other aspects of spider biology have been summarized by Barth (7), Eberhard (47), Jackson & Parks (72), Nentwig (105), Nyffeler & Benz (106), Riechert & Lockley (134), Shear (149) and Turnbull (160). Diversity, Paleontology, Descriptive Work, Importance The order Araneae ranks seventh in global diversity after the five largest insect orders (Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera) and Acari among the arachnids (111) in terms of species described or an- *The US government has the right to retain a nonexclusive, royalty free license in and to any copyright covering this paper. 565 566 CODDINGTON & LEVI ticipated. Spiders are among the most diverse groups on earth. Among these taxa, spiders are exceptional for their complete dependence on predation as a trophic strategy. In contrast, the diversity of insects and mites may result from their diversity in dietary strategies•notably phytophagy and parasitism (104). -
Araneae: Oonopidae)
Zootaxa 3939 (1): 001–067 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3939.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:819DC388-56F3-4895-90AF-B07A903D9E2A ZOOTAXA 3939 The Amazonian Goblin Spiders of the New Genus Gradunguloonops (Araneae: Oonopidae) CRISTIAN J. GRISMADO, MATÍAS A. IZQUIERDO, MARÍA E. GONZÁLEZ MÁRQUEZ & MARTÍN J. RAMÍREZ División Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”—CONICET, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470 C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by M. Arnedo: 9 Feb. 2015; published: 27 Mar. 2015 CRISTIAN J. GRISMADO, MATÍAS A. IZQUIERDO, MARÍA E. GONZÁLEZ MÁRQUEZ & MARTÍN J. RAMÍREZ The Amazonian Goblin Spiders of the New Genus Gradunguloonops (Araneae: Oonopidae) (Zootaxa 3939) 67 pp.; 30 cm. 27 Mar. 2015 ISBN 978-1-77557-669-3 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77557-670-9 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2015 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2015 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. -
How to Cite Complete Issue More Information About This Article Journal's Homepage in Redalyc.Org Scientific Information System R
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ISSN: 0100-0683 ISSN: 1806-9657 Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo Rosa, Marcio Gonçalves da; Santos, Júlio Cesar Pires; Brescovit, Antônio Domingos; Mafra, Álvaro Luiz; Baretta, Dilmar Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in Agricultural Land Use Systems in Subtropical Environments Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, vol. 42, 2018 Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo DOI: 10.1590/18069657rbcs20160576 Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=180256032004 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Rev Bras Cienc Solo 2018;42:e0160576 Article Division - Soil Processes and Properties | Commission - Soil Biology Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in Agricultural Land Use Systems in Subtropical Environments Marcio Gonçalves da Rosa(1)*, Júlio Cesar Pires Santos(2), Antônio Domingos Brescovit(3), Álvaro Luiz Mafra(2) and Dilmar Baretta(4) (1) Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Solos e Recursos Naturais do Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brasil. (2) Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Solos e Recursos Naturais do Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brasil. (3) Instituto Butantan, Laboratório de Artrópodes Peçonhentos, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. (4) Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Zootecnia do Centro de Educação Superior Oeste, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brasil. ABSTRACT: Changes in land use management in agricultural areas can affect the biodiversity of spider families. -
Notes on the Spider Genus Segestria Latreille, 1804 (Araneae: Segestriidae) in the East Palaearctic with Description of Three New Species
Zootaxa 4758 (2): 330–346 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4758.2.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:67DC93AB-6665-4510-8F9B-6305507C9448 Notes on the spider genus Segestria Latreille, 1804 (Araneae: Segestriidae) in the East Palaearctic with description of three new species ALEXANDER A. FOMICHEV1 & YURI M. MARUSIK2, 3, 4 1Altai State University, Lenina Pr., 61, Barnaul, RF-656049, Russia. E-mail: [email protected]. 2Institute for Biological Problems of the North RAS, Portovaya Str. 18, Magadan, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 3Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa 4Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, FI-20014, Finland Abstract Three new species of Segestria Latreille, 1804 are described from the East Palaearctic: Segestria nekhaevae sp. n. (♀, Tajikistan), S. shtoppelae sp. n. (♂♀, Kazakhstan), and S. fengi sp. n. (♂♀, China). Two other species found in Asia, S. turkestanica Dunin, 1986 (Central Asia) and S. nipponica Kishida, 1913 (Japan) are illustrated. Segestria is reported for the first time from Kazakhstan and Tajikistan. Key words: Aranei, China, India, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, new species, Tajikistan, tube-web spiders Introduction Segestriidae Simon, 1893 is a small family of haplogyne spiders belonging to the Synspermiata clade, with 131 species in four genera distributed worldwide. The majority of segestriids inhabit tropical and subtropical regions (WSC 2019). The family was treated either as a subfamily of the Dysderidae C.L. Koch, 1837 or as a separate fam- ily (Petrunkevitch 1933) until Forster & Platnick (1985) justified its current family status. -
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-992X-2019-0198 ISSN 1678-992X Research Article Soil spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in native and reforested Araucaria forests Ecology Jamil de Morais Pereira1* , Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso2 , Antonio Domingos Brescovit3 , Luís Carlos Iuñes de Oliveira Filho4 , Julia Corá Segat5 , Carolina Riviera Duarte Maluche Baretta6 , Dilmar Baretta5 1Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul ABSTRACT: Spiders are part of the soil biodiversity, considered fundamental to the food de Minas Gerais, Praça Tiradentes, 416 – 37576-000 – chain hierarchy, directly and indirectly influencing several services in agricultural and forest Inconfidentes, MG – Brasil. ecosystems. The present study aimed to evaluate the biodiversity of soil spider families and 2Universidade de São Paulo/ESALQ – Depto. de Ciência do identify which soil properties influence their presence, as well as proposing families as potential Solo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11 – 13418-900 – Piracicaba, SP – bioindicators. Native forest (NF) and reforested sites (RF) with Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Brasil. Kuntze were evaluated in three regions of the state São Paulo, both in the winter and summer. 3Instituto Butantan – Lab. Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Fifteen soil samples were collected from each forest to evaluate the biological (spiders and Av. Vital Brasil, 1500 – 05503-900 – São Paulo, SP – Brasil. microbiological), chemical and physical soil properties, in addition to properties of the litter 4Universidade Federal de Pelotas/FAEM – Depto. de Solos, (dry matter and C, N and S contents). For soil spiders, two sampling methods were used: pitfall Av. Eliseu Maciel, s/n – 96050-500 – Capão do Leão, RS – traps and soil monoliths. -
Phylogeny and Classification of Spiders
18 FROM: Ubick, D., P. Paquin, P.E. Cushing, andV. Roth (eds). 2005. Spiders of North America: an identification manual. American Arachnological Society. 377 pages. Chapter 2 PHYLOGENY AND CLASSIFICATION OF SPIDERS Jonathan A. Coddington ARACHNIDA eyes, jumping spiders also share many other anatomical, Spiders are one of the eleven orders of the class Arach- behavioral, ecological, and physiological features. Most nida, which also includes groups such as harvestmen (Opil- important for the field arachnologist they all jump, a useful iones), ticks and mites (Acari), scorpions (Scorpiones), false bit of knowledge if you are trying to catch one. Taxonomic scorpions (Pseudoscorpiones), windscorpions (Solifugae), prediction works in reverse as well: that spider bouncing and vinegaroons (Uropygi). All arachnid orders occur in about erratically in the bushes is almost surely a salticid. North America. Arachnida today comprises approximately Another reason that scientists choose to base classifica- 640 families, 9000 genera, and 93,000 described species, but tion on phylogeny is that evolutionary history (like all his- the current estimate is that untold hundreds of thousands tory) is unique: strictly speaking, it only happened once. of new mites, substantially fewer spiders, and several thou- That means there is only one true reconstruction of evolu- sand species in the remaining orders, are still undescribed tionary history and one true phylogeny: the existing clas- (Adis & Harvey 2000, reviewed in Coddington & Colwell sification is either correct, or it is not. In practice it can be 2001, Coddington et ol. 2004). Acari (ticks and mites) are complicated to reconstruct the true phylogeny of spiders by far the most diverse, Araneae (spiders) second, and the and to know whether any given reconstruction (or classifi- remaining taxa orders of magnitude less diverse. -
NEW SPECIES of UNICORN PLATNICK & BRESCOVIT (ARANEAE, OONOPIDAE) from NORTH-WEST ARGENTINA Andrea Ximena González Reyes, J
374 _____________Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 5, No. 2, June 2010__________ NEW SPECIES OF UNICORN PLATNICK & BRESCOVIT (ARANEAE, OONOPIDAE) FROM NORTH-WEST ARGENTINA Andrea Ximena González Reyes, José Antonio Corronca* and María Belén Cava * IEBI-FCN (U.N.Sa)-CONICET. Instituto para el Estudio de la Biodiversidad de Invertebrados. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Av. Bolivia 5150. C. P. 4400. Salta - ARGENTINA. E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] [González Reyes, A. X., Corronca, J. A. & Cava, M. B. 2010. New species of Unicorn Platnick & Brescovit (Araneae: Oonopidae) from North-West Argentina. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 5 (2): 374-379] ABSTRACT: A new species of Unicorn genus, Unicorn sikus sp. nov. (from male and female) is diagnosed, described and illustrated. This new species was collected between 2200- 4000m.a.s.l. in different semi-arid sites of Puna and Monte de Sierras y Bolsones eco- regions of the North-West of Salta Province, Argentina. KEY WORDS: Goblin Spider, taxonomy, semi-arid areas, Unicorn, new species. Oonopidae or goblin spiders are a worldwide family of minute, haplogyne spiders that are particularly dominant in leaf litter and humus, especially in the tropics (Tong & Li, 2009). This family is represented by 74 genera and 543 known species all over the World (Platnick, 2010). The Unicorn genus, consisting of six known species, was described by Platnick & Brescovit (1995), and has a distribution on Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. This genus seems closest to the monotypic oonopid genus Xiombarg (Brignolli, 1979) with actual distribution on the South-East of Brazil and North-East of Argentina (Misiones Province) (Platnick & Brescovit, 1995). -
The Seamounts of the Gorringe Bank the Seamounts of the Gorringe Bank the Seamounts of the Gorringe Bank
THE SEAMOUNTS OF THE GORRINGE BANK THE SEAMOUNTS OF THE GORRINGE BANK THE SEAMOUNTS OF THE GORRINGE BANK Introduction 4 •Oceana expedition and studies 6 •Geographical location 7 1 Geology 8 •Geomorphology, topography and petrology 8 •Seismic activity and tsunamis 12 2 Oceanography 17 •Currents and seamounts 17 •The Mediterranean influence 20 oMeddies 21 •The Atlantic influence 22 •Oxygen levels 23 3 Biology 24 •Endemisms and Biodiversity 27 •List of species 31 •Peculiarities of some of the species on the Gorringe Bank 35 oDescription of the ecosystem observed 36 4 Threats to the biodiversity of Gorringe: fishing 41 5 Conclusions and proposals 46 GLOSSARY 50 BIBLIOGRAPHY 58 3 LAS MONTAÑAS SUBMARINAS DE GORRINGE Introduction A seamount is regarded as a geological elevation that reaches a minimum of 1,000 metres in height and can consist of very different physical, geological and chemical pro- perties. Therefore, seamounts can only exist where there are sea beds more than one kilo- metre deep, or, which is one and the same thing, over 60%–62% of the land surface1. There are also thousands of smaller elevations that tend to be known as abyssal hills (when they are less than 500 metres) or mounds (between 500 and 1,000 metres). Whether in isolation or as part of extensive ranges, there are possibly more than 100,000 sea- mounts around the world2. At present, close to 30,000 of them have been identified, of which around 1,000 can be found in the Atlantic Ocean3, where in addition the largest range in the world can be found; the Mid–Atlantic Ridge, which stretches from Iceland to the Antarctic.