ACGME Program Requirements for Internal Medicine Residency
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Research Training in the Biomedical, Behavioral and Clinical Sciences
RESEARCH TRAINING IN THE BIOMEDICAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND CLINICAL RESEARCH SCIENCES Committee to Study the National Needs for Biomedical, Behavioral, and Clinical Research Personnel Board on Higher Education and Workforce Policy and Global Affairs THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This project was supported by Contract/Grant No. DHHS-5294, Task Order #187 between the National Acad- emy of Science and the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the Committee to Study the National Needs for Biomedical, Behavioral, and Clinical Research Personnel and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-15965-4 (Book) International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-15965-2 (Book) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-15966-1 (PDF) International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-15966-0 (PDF) Library of Congress Control Number: 2011921184 Additional copies of this report are available from The National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap.edu. -
Internal Medicine Milestones
Internal Medicine Milestones The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Implementation Date: July 1, 2021 Second Revision: November 2020 First Revision: July 2013 ©2020 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Internal Medicine Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes. Internal Medicine Milestones The Milestones are designed only for use in evaluation of residents in the context of their participation in ACGME-accredited residency programs. The Milestones provide a framework for the assessment of the development of the resident in key dimensions of the elements of physician competency in a specialty or subspecialty. They neither represent the entirety of the dimensions of the six domains of physician competency, nor are they designed to be relevant in any other context. ©2020 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Internal Medicine Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes. i Internal Medicine Milestones Work Group Eva Aagaard, MD, FACP Jonathan Lim, MD Cinnamon Bradley, MD Monica Lypson, MD, MHPE Fred Buckhold, MD Allan Markus, MD, MS, MBA, FACP Alfred Burger, MD, MS, FACP, SFHM Bernadette Miller, MD Stephanie Call, MD, MSPH Attila Nemeth, MD Shobhina Chheda, MD, MPH Jacob Perrin, MD Davoren Chick, MD, FACP Raul Ramirez Velazquez, DO Jack DePriest, MD, MACM Rachel Robbins, MD Benjamin Doolittle, MD, MDiv Jacqueline Stocking, PhD, MBA, RN Laura Edgar, EdD, CAE Jane Trinh, MD Christin Giordano McAuliffe, MD Mark Tschanz, DO, MACM Neil Kothari, MD Asher Tulsky, MD Heather Laird-Fick, MD, MPH, FACP Eric Warm, MD Advisory Group Mobola Campbell-Yesufu, MD, MPH Subha Ramani, MBBS, MMed, MPH Gretchen Diemer, MD Brijen Shah, MD Jodi Friedman, MD C. -
BPS White Paper
BOARD OF PHARMACY SPECIALTIES WHITE PAPER Five‐Year Vision for Pharmacy Specialties Approved by the BPS Board of Directors on January 12, 2013 © Copyright 2013, Board of Pharmacy Specialties Introduction The Joint Commission of Pharmacy Practitioners’ (JCPP) Future Vision of Pharmacy Practice 2015 states, “Pharmacists will be the healthcare professionals responsible for providing patient care that ensures optimal medication therapy outcomes.” i As the scope of pharmacy practice evolves to meet the complex medication‐related needs of patients, board certification is critical to assure stakeholders of the level of knowledge and skills of pharmacists who provide direct patient care. The Board of Pharmacy Specialties (BPS) acknowledges the support and collaboration of many national pharmacy organizations in this pursuit and assumes the responsibility for recognition of pharmacy specialization through board certification.ii,iii, iv In assuming this responsibility, BPS also acknowledges the pharmacist’s role in direct patient care as it continues to evolve against a backdrop of many unknowns such as changing health care delivery systems and payment models in which the role of government and the private sector are in a state of flux. Whatever changes come to fruition in the delivery of health care, BPS must move forward in a flexible manner that meets its mission to improve patient care by promoting the recognition and value of specialized training, knowledge, and skills in pharmacy and specialty board certification of pharmacists. v This white paper adds focus and clarity to how BPS will approach the board certification of pharmacist specialists over the next five years. This timeline is critical as the goal will be to create a scalable foundation on which to build future board certification activities for pharmacists. -
PHYSICIAN-SCIENTIST [MD/PHD] Who Better to Study Disease Than Those Who Know It Intimately? WHAT IS a PHYSICIAN SCIENTIST?
PHYSICIAN-SCIENTIST [MD/PHD] Who better to study disease than those who know it intimately? WHAT IS A PHYSICIAN SCIENTIST? A physician scientist is a unique clinician who is part of a small cadre of physicians who usually work in academic health science centers and have a high impact on health care through discovery, translational and clinical research, and clinical practice. A physician scientist in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine is a laboratory physician who is trained in both scientific biomedical investigation and in pathology and/or laboratory medicine, often with clinical subspecialty training. On one hand, the physician scientist brings the rigors of scientific investigation into the patient care arena and on the other, the physician scientist’s contact with disease brings clinically relevant questions into the research arena to drive investigations into pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of disease. asip.org/CareerPath/ MEET ADEL MAHMOUD, MD, PHD P HYSICIAN . SCIENTIST. PROFESSOR . MENTOR . Princeton University Lecturer with rank of Professor in Molecular Biology and Public Policy, Woodrow Wilson School MD from the University of Cairo in 1963 PhD from the University of London, School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in 1971 Elected to membership of the American Society for Clinical Investigation in 1978, the Association of American Physicians in 1980 and the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in 1987. Received the Bailey K. Ashford Award of the A merican Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in 1983, and the Squibb Award of the Infectious Diseases Society of America in 1984 . F e l l o w of the American College of Physicians and a member of the Expert Advisory Panel on Parasitic Diseases of the World Health Organization. -
Educational Goals & Objectives the Ambulatory Medicine Rotation Will
Educational Goals & Objectives The Ambulatory Medicine rotation will provide the resident with an opportunity to become skilled in the prevention, evaluation and management of acute and chronic medical conditions commonly seen in the outpatient setting. Residents will rotate through their Ambulatory Clinic, spending increasing amounts of time throughout their 3 years in the program. They will grow their own patient panel, with patients ranging from newborns through geriatrics. The focus will be on the doctor-patient relationship, continuity of care, and the effective delivery of primary care. Residents will gain exposure to a broad spectrum of medical conditions, ranging from core internal medicine issues to conditions requiring knowledge of allergy and immunology, nutrition, obstetrics and gynecology, ophthalmology, orthopedics, otolaryngology, preventative medicine, and psychiatry as they pertain to the general care of their outpatients in the community. This exposure will complement directed subspecialty-based experiences on other rotations. They will also learn about billing and coding, insurance coverage, Patient Centered Medical Home, and other concepts pertinent to systems-based practice in the outpatient setting. Faculty will facilitate learning in the 6 core competencies as follows: Patient Care and Procedural Skills I. All residents must be able to provide compassionate, culturally-sensitive care for their clinic patients. R2s should seek directed and appropriate specialty consultation when necessary to further patient care. R3s should be able to coordinate input from multiple consultants and manage conflicting recommendations. II. All residents will demonstrate the ability to take a complete medical history and incorporate information from the electronic medical record. R1s should be able to differentiate between stable and unstable symptoms and elicit risk factors for the development of chronic disease. -
Ambulatory and Primary Care What Is Ambulatory Care?
© Ambulatory and Primary Care 1 © Presentation Objectives o Define ambulatory care o Define primary care o Explain subsets of ambulatory care o Explain ambulatory care and accreditation o Challenges and future of ambulatory care 2 © What is Ambulatory Care? oDefine ambulatory care oDefine primary care oExplain subsets of ambulatory care oExplain ambulatory care and accreditation oChallenges and future of ambulatory care 3 1 © What is Ambulatory care? • Personal health care provided to individuals who are not occupying a bed in a health care institution or in a health facility. • Ambulatory care vs. primary care • Follow-up care following inpatient episodes • A contemporaneous shift to ambulatory care 4 © Where is Ambulatory Care Service Provided? In a variety of settings, including: Freestanding provider offices Hospital-based clinics School-based clinics Public health clinics Community health centers 5 © Ambulatory Care Visits Number of Ambulatory Care Visits 7.5 7.5 8 7 6 393.9 5 3.1 4 2.1 3 1.5 2 1 0 15‐24 25‐44 75+ Male Female 6 Source: Health United States 2000 (1998 data) 2 © Physician Office Visit (National Center for Health Statistics. 2006) 7 © Physician Office Visit (National Center for Health Statistics. 2006) 8 © Physician Office Visit Data‐1: (National Center for Health Statistics. 2006) Trend of Office Visit by Type of illness and Season 9 3 © Ambulatory Care Visits: Physician‐visits by Race Number of Ambulatory Visits by Race 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 ER Hospital Outpatient Physician's Office Black White Other 10 © Annual rate of visits to office‐based physicians by patient race and ethnicity 11 (National Center for Health Statistics. -
Study Guide Medical Terminology by Thea Liza Batan About the Author
Study Guide Medical Terminology By Thea Liza Batan About the Author Thea Liza Batan earned a Master of Science in Nursing Administration in 2007 from Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. She has worked as a staff nurse, nurse instructor, and level department head. She currently works as a simulation coordinator and a free- lance writer specializing in nursing and healthcare. All terms mentioned in this text that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Use of a term in this text shouldn’t be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Copyright © 2017 by Penn Foster, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to Copyright Permissions, Penn Foster, 925 Oak Street, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18515. Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS INSTRUCTIONS 1 READING ASSIGNMENTS 3 LESSON 1: THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY 5 LESSON 2: DIAGNOSIS, INTERVENTION, AND HUMAN BODY TERMS 28 LESSON 3: MUSCULOSKELETAL, CIRCULATORY, AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TERMS 44 LESSON 4: DIGESTIVE, URINARY, AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM TERMS 69 LESSON 5: INTEGUMENTARY, NERVOUS, AND ENDOCRINE S YSTEM TERMS 96 SELF-CHECK ANSWERS 134 © PENN FOSTER, INC. 2017 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY PAGE III Contents INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION Welcome to your course on medical terminology. You’re taking this course because you’re most likely interested in pursuing a health and science career, which entails proficiencyincommunicatingwithhealthcareprofessionalssuchasphysicians,nurses, or dentists. -
SPECIAL ARTICLE Child Neurology in the 20Th Century
0031-3998/03/5302-0345 PEDIATRIC RESEARCH Vol. 53, No. 2, 2003 Copyright © 2003 International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. SPECIAL ARTICLE A History of Pediatric Specialties In the fourth article of this series, Drs. Ashwal and Rust describe the evolution of child neurology from its parent disciplines of Pediatrics and Neurology. They also document the advances that have been made in each of the many neurologic diseases of childhood. The advancement of technology and the genomic revolution have opened new pathways of research. The remarkable progress of Child Neurology in the 20th century has provided the foundation for further understanding, prevention, and treatment of the many neurologic disorders of childhood. Alvin Zipursky Editor-in-Chief Child Neurology in the 20th Century STEPHEN ASHWAL AND ROBERT RUST Department of Pediatrics [S.A.], Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, U.S.A.; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics [R.R.], The University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908-0394, U.S.A. ABSTRACT Although considered a relatively new subspecialty, child neurological conditions, and neuromuscular diseases. They have neurology traces its origins to the Hippocratic descriptions of also led to a better understanding of the neurobiologic basis of seizures and other neurologic conditions in children. Its true common problems such as global developmental delay, cerebral beginnings can be traced to the 1600s and 1700s with classical palsy, and autism. As remarkable as the advances have been in descriptions of chorea, hydrocephalus, spina bifida, and polio. It the past century, the accelerating pace of our understanding of was, however, the remarkable clinical and scientific advances in the fundamental mechanisms responsible for brain development neurology and pediatrics at the end of the 19th century that will lead to even greater achievements in the clinical care of helped create its scientific foundation. -
Cortical Superficial Siderosis and First-Ever Cerebral Hemorrhage in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Cortical superficial siderosis and first-ever cerebral hemorrhage in cerebral amyloid angiopathy Andreas Charidimou, ABSTRACT MD, PhD, MSc Objective: To investigate whether cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) is associated with increased Gregoire Boulouis, MD, risk of future first-ever symptomatic lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with cere- MSc bral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) presenting with neurologic symptoms and without ICH. Li Xiong, MD Methods: Consecutive patients meeting modified Boston criteria for probable CAA in the absence Michel J. Jessel, BS of ICH from a single-center cohort were analyzed. cSS and other small vessel disease MRI Duangnapa markers were assessed according to recent consensus recommendations. Patients were followed Roongpiboonsopit, prospectively for future incident symptomatic lobar ICH. Prespecified Cox proportional hazard MD, MSc models were used to investigate cSS and first-ever lobar ICH risk adjusting for potential Alison Ayres, BA confounders. Kristin M. Schwab, BA Jonathan Rosand, MD, Results: The cohort included 236 patients with probable CAA without lobar ICH at baseline. cSS – MSc prevalence was 34%. During a median follow-up of 3.26 years (interquartile range 1.42 5.50 M. Edip Gurol, MD, MSc years), 27 of 236 patients (11.4%) experienced a first-ever symptomatic lobar ICH. cSS was p 5 Steven M. Greenberg, a predictor of time until first ICH ( 0.0007, log-rank test). The risk of symptomatic ICH at 5 – MD, PhD years of follow-up was 19% (95% confidence interval [CI] 11% 32%) for patients with cSS at – Anand Viswanathan, baseline vs 6% (95% CI 3% 12%) for patients without cSS. In multivariable Cox regression MD, PhD models, cSS presence was the only independent predictor of increased symptomatic ICH risk during follow-up (HR 4.04; 95% CI 1.73–9.44, p 5 0.001), after adjusting for age, lobar cerebral microbleeds burden, and white matter hyperintensities. -
Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Training in Internal Medicine Residents
Clinical AND Health Affairs Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Training in Internal Medicine Residents BY MOLLIE ALPERN, MD, QI WANG, MS, AND MEGHAN ROTHENBERGER, MD Common allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis, asthma and antibiotic allergies are frequently encountered by internal medicine physicians. These conditions are a significant source of health care utilization and morbidity. However, many internal medicine residency programs offer limited training in allergy and immunology. Internal medicine residents’ significant knowledge deficits regarding allergy-related content have been previously identified. We conducted a survey-based study to examine the knowledge and self-assessed clinical competency of residents at an academic medical center to determine the need for further education in allergy and immunology. Our study revealed that the majority of these residents did not feel adequately prepared to treat allergic rhinitis, urticaria, contact dermatitis, antibiotic/drug allergies or anaphylaxis; and only half felt adequately trained to treat asthma. We believe that internal medicine residency programs should provide trainees with additional education in allergy and immunology in order to improve their knowledge and clinical competency. COMMENTARY: DON’T BLOW OFF AR Physicians should help patients with the Rodney Dangerfield of respiratory diseases. BY BARBARA P. YAWN, MD, MSC, FAAFP 6,7 The above article, “Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Training average, greater than that for diabetes. The very common in Internal Medicine Residents,” shines a light on an interesting symptom of nasal congestion affects sleep in people of all issue: Many primary care physicians feel unprepared to address ages, and in children has been shown to interfere with school 8 some of the most common respiratory concerns of patients. -
2019‐2020 Internal Medicine Residency Handbook Table of Contents Contacts
2019‐2020 Internal Medicine Residency Handbook Table of Contents Contacts ............................................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Compact ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Core Tenets of Residency ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………3 Program Requirements ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 Resident Recruitment/Appointments .............................................................................................. 9 Background Check Policy ................................................................................................................ 10 New Innovations ............................................................................................................................. 11 Social Networking Guidelines ......................................................................................................... 11 Dress Code ...................................................................................................................................... 12 Resident’s Well Being ...................................................................................................................... 13 Academic Conference Attendance ................................................................................................ -
ACGME Specialties Requiring a Preliminary Year (As of July 1, 2020) Transitional Year Review Committee
ACGME Specialties Requiring a Preliminary Year (as of July 1, 2020) Transitional Year Review Committee Program Specialty Requirement(s) Requirements for PGY-1 Anesthesiology III.A.2.a).(1); • Residents must have successfully completed 12 months of IV.C.3.-IV.C.3.b); education in fundamental clinical skills in a program accredited by IV.C.4. the ACGME, the American Osteopathic Association (AOA), the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC), or the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC), or in a program with ACGME International (ACGME-I) Advanced Specialty Accreditation. • 12 months of education must provide education in fundamental clinical skills of medicine relevant to anesthesiology o This education does not need to be in first year, but it must be completed before starting the final year. o This education must include at least six months of fundamental clinical skills education caring for inpatients in family medicine, internal medicine, neurology, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, surgery or any surgical specialties, or any combination of these. • During the first 12 months, there must be at least one month (not more than two) each of critical care medicine and emergency medicine. Dermatology III.A.2.a).(1)- • Prior to appointment, residents must have successfully completed a III.A.2.a).(1).(a) broad-based clinical year (PGY-1) in an emergency medicine, family medicine, general surgery, internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, or a transitional year program accredited by the ACGME, AOA, RCPSC, CFPC, or ACGME-I (Advanced Specialty Accreditation). • During the first year (PGY-1), elective rotations in dermatology must not exceed a total of two months.