IS THERE A FUTURE FOR PROFESSIONALS IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY?
TODAY’S STUDENTS, TOMORROW’S PROFESSIONALS….
John G. Kaldi National Centre for Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, University of Adelaide, Australia IS THERE A FUTURE FOR PROFESSIONALS IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY? WHO CARES? •Industry •Universities •Government •Students AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION AUSTRALIAN GEOSCIENCE HONOURS STUDENTS
WhyWhy StudyStudy GeologyGeology // GeophysicsGeophysics ??
STABLE CAREER
LIKE ROCKS
LIKE BEING OUTDOORS
GOOD PAY
HIGH TECH CAREER StartedStarted UniversityUniversity IntendingIntending toto StudyStudy GeoscienceGeoscience
YES
NO AUSTRALIAN GEOSCIENCE HONOURS STUDENTS StartedStarted UniversityUniversity IntendingIntending toto StudyStudy GeoscienceGeoscience 90%
75%
50%
25%
10% Started University With SomeSome Geology Background (High School)
YES
NO AUSTRALIAN GEOSCIENCE HONOURS STUDENTS Started University With Some Geology Background (High School) 90%
75%
50%
25%
10% AUSTRALIAN GEOSCIENCE 1st YEAR STUDENTS
WhyWhy LeaveLeave GeologyGeology // GeophysicsGeophysics ??
UNSTABLE CAREER FUTURE
LOW TECH CAREER
DON’T LIKE BEING OUTDOORS
BETTER PAY IN OTHER FIELDS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS 29 Major, Large Independent, Small Oil Co. Managers MostMost DesireableDesireable DegreeDegree forfor EmploymentEmployment
BSc
MSc
PhD THE GEOSCIENCE GRADUATE’S OPTIONS
Minerals Oil & Gas Other EMPLOYMENT TRENDS OF RECENT UNDERGRADUATES
RESEARCH MINERALS INSTITUTES 1% ENVIRONMENTAL CONTINUING INDUSTRY CONSULTING FIRMS EDUCATION 3% 19% 24% NON- GEOSCIENCE 7% K-12 OIL & GAS EDUCATION INDUSTRY 4% 4% FEDERAL/ ACADEMIA STATE 2% OTHER GOVERNMENT UNKNOWN 7% 6% 25%
From: AGI EMPLOYMENT TRENDS OF RECENT MASTER’S RECIPIENTS
RESEARCH MINERALS INSTITUTES CONTINUING INDUSTRY 1% ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION 2% CONSULTING FIRMS 19% 20% NON- GEOSCIENCE 2% K-12 EDUCATION 2% OIL & GAS INDUSTRY FEDERAL/ 15% STATE ACADEMIA OTHER GOVERNMENT UNKNOWN 8% 8% 13% 9%
From: AGI EMPLOYMENT TRENDS OF RECENT Ph.D. RECIPIENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING K-12 FIRMS EDUCATION RESEARCH 3% CONTINUING NON- 1% INSTITUTES EDUCATION GEOSCIENCE FEDERAL/ 9% 3% 2% STATE OIL & GAS GOVERNMENT INDUSTRY 17% 13% OTHER 2%
UNKNOWN 8%
ACADEMIA 44% From: AGI SURVEY OF SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES
A comprehensive survey was distributed to Exploration Managers or Senior Technical Managers of 45 leading oil and gas companies worldwide. 29 (7 major, 12 large independent, and 10 small oil companies) responded.
The survey comprised 120 preferential ranking exercises asking companies to assess relative importance of numerous ‘sub-disciplines’ of geology, geophysics, math, computer science as well as non-technical skills.
C.P.M. Heath, 2000 SURVEY OF SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES The objectives of the study were to determine:
• The minimum geoscience degree qualification now required and likely to be required by oil companies • The critical geological / geophysical skills needed in the petroleum industrry • The level of computer competency expected • Other components of a geoscience education (eg math, chemistry, business skills) • The significance and value of non-technical or soft skills in the industry
C.P.M. Heath, 2000 PRESENT DEGREE REQUIREMENT FOR EMPLOYMENT
16 14 TOTAL 12 LARGE 10 MAJOR INDEPENDENTS SMALL 8 COMPANIES COMPANIES
RESPONSE 6 4 2 0 MSc MSc MSc MSc Honors Honors Honors Honors BA / BSc BA / BSc BA / BSc BA / BSc
GEOLOGISTS From Heath (2000) GEOPHYSICISTS WILL THE FUTURE MINIMUM QUALIFICATION BE A MASTERS DEGREE ? TOTAL 14 12 10 LARGE INDEPENDENTS 8 SMALL MAJOR COMPANIES 6 COMPANIES RESPONSE 4 2 0 No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Already Is Already Is Already Is Already Is
GEOLOGISTS From Heath (2000) GEOPHYSICISTS GEOSCIENCE SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES IMPORTANCE SKILLS (TOP SCORE = 100) SEDIMENTOLOGY 89 79 75 GEOPHYSICAL INTERPRETATION 86 71 85 SUBSURFACE MAPPING 85 81 90 STRATIGRAPHY 82 81 78 BASIN ANALYSIS/HYDROCARBON SYSTEMS 82 75 63 SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY 82 71 70 PETROLEUM GEOLOGY 79 85 83 RESE RVOIR GEOLOGY 75 71 75 INTRODUCTORY GEOPHYSICS 71 75 68 REGIONAL GEOLOGY 71 75 63 MAJOR COMPANIES From Heath (2000) LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES GEOSCIENCE SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES
SKILLS (TOP SCORE = 100) IMPORTANCE PLAY ASSESSMENT 70 85 90 REFLE CT/REFRACTION SE ISMIC GEOPHYSICS 68 56 63 APPLIE D/OPE RATIONS GEOPHYSICS 68 54 58 INTRODUCTORY STRUCTURAL G EOLOGY 64 73 65 2D & 3D MODELLING (SEISMIC MAPPING) 64 63 68 LOG/CORE ANALYSIS 64 63 68 SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES 64 54 50 BIOSTRATIG RAPHY 61 53 43 SPECIAL ROCK STUDIES - CLASTICS 61 46 50 MAJOR COMPANIES From Heath (2000) LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES GEOSCIENCE SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES
SKILLS (TOP SCORE = 100) IMPORTANCE SPECIAL ROCK STUDIES - CARB. & EVAP. 57 48 33 GLOBAL GEOLOGY 57 46 48 ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY 54 73 53 ADVANCED STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY 54 48 58 INVERSION GEOPHYSICS 54 44 40 OPERATIONS GEOLOGY 50 46 58 FIELD & MAPPING SKILLS 50 46 35 GENERAL GEOCHEMISTRY 50 40 40 ROCK : FLUID INTE RACTION 46 56 48 MAJOR COMPANIES From Heath (2000) LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES GEOSCIENCE SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES IMPORTANCE SKILLS (TOP SCORE = 100) GENERAL PALEONTOLOGY 46 27 28 MARINE GEOLOGY 39 40 30 TIME - SERIES ANALYSIS 39 34 34 POTENTIAL FIELDS (GRAVITY & MAGNETICS) 36 40 43 MICROPALEONTOLOGY 32 35 33 ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY 32 25 40 PALYNOLOGY 29 33 30 GEOMORPHOLOGY 29 17 15 TERRAIN ANALYSIS (REMOTE SENSING) 18 38 19 COAL GEOLOGY 18 15 15 RECENT , QUATE RNARY OR SURFICIAL G EO. 16 29 15
MAJOR COMPANIES From Heath (2000) LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES SUMMARY: GEOSCIENCE SKILLS
• MSc IS (OR WILL BE) MINIMUM GEOSCIENCE DEGREE QUALIFICATION
• ALL RESPONDENTS AGREE THAT FEW CORE SUBJECTS (EG SEDIMENTOLOGY, STRUCTURE, GEOPHYSICS) NEEDED
• MANY OF THE CLASSICAL COURSES (EG PALEONTOLOGY, PALYNOLOGY, GEOMORPHOLOGY) NOT CONSIDERED IMPORTANT
• MAJOR COMPANIES HAVE HIGHER EXPECTATIONS
• ALL COMPANIES WANT MULTI-DISCIPLINE SKILLS, WITH TOPICS INCLUDING SOME ENGINEERING, MATH AND PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AS WELL AS G & G COMPUTER SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES
(TOP SCORE = 100) COMPUTER SKILLS IMPORTANCE BASIC SPREADSHE ETS (LOTUS, EXCEL, etc.) 75 73 81 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION (EMAIL) 75 73 75 DESKTOP SYSTEMS (WINDOWS '95, MAC, etc.) 75 69 75 WORD PROCESSING (WORD, DOS, etc.) 64 69 64 HARDWARE PC 68 60 69 UNIX 68 58 58 EXPOSURE TO PE RIFERAL EQUIPME NT 31 46 44 GRAPHICS PRESENTATION (POWERPOINT, etc.) 64 60 58 ADVANCE D (COREL DRAW, etc.) 29 31 36
From Heath (2000) MAJOR COMPANIES LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES COMPUTER SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES
(TOP SCORE = 100) COMPUTER SKILLS IMPORTANCE INTERNE TSEARCHING 46 54 56 APPLICATION (FTP, TELNET, etc.) 43 42 31 PROGRAMMING INTRODUCTION 25 18 13 ADVANCE D 25 18 13 DATA BASES SIMPLE (F OXPRO, ACCE SS, DBASE , PARADOX)36 40 25 ADVANCE D (ORACLE ) 29 29 22 DESIG N & MANAG EMENT 82711 GIS SIMPLE (ARC VIEW, MAP INF O) 43 42 44 ADVANCE D (ARC INFO, SPAN) 25 23 22
From Heath (2000) MAJOR COMPANIES LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES COMPUTER SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES
(TOP SCORE = 100) COMPUTER SKILLS IMPORTANCE GEOSCIE NCE EXPOSURE TO INTERP. SYSTEMS 68 58 58 SPE CIFIC RESOURCE /RE SE RVE CALCULATIONS (GSLIB) 50 50 53 OPERATIONS GEOPHYSICAL MODELLING 50 44 53 GEOLOGICAL MODELLING 50 35 50 STATISTICAL DATA (SAS, etc.) 50 42 50 GEOPHYSICAL PROCESSING 46 38 53 GEOCHEMISTRY - APPLICATIONS 36 42 42 GEOCHEMISTRY - SPATIAL (G EOSOFT, SURFER)36 27 22 EXPLORATION & MAPPING PACKAG ES 32 36 28
From Heath (2000) MAJOR COMPANIES LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES SUMMARY: COMPUTER SKILLS
• FEW SCORES EXCEED 60 - REFLECTING THAT GEOSCIENCE SKILLS VIEWED AS MORE IMPORTANT
• KEY SKILLS IDENTIFIED AS ‘CRITICAL’: • SPREADSHEETS • UNIX HARDWARE • PRESENTATION GRAPHICS • INTERPRETATION SYSTEMS NON-TECHNICAL & SOFT SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES
SKILLS (TOP SCORE = 100) IMPORTANCE INITIATIVE 93 93 80 ETHICS/INTEGRITY 93 91 85 WILLINGNESS TO LEARN 93 86 78 ADAPTABILITY/F LE XIBILITY (JOB, LOCATION) 93 84 83 COMMITMENT 89 80 85 CAN SUMMARIZE KE Y ISSUES/ABSTRACT 89 88 83 DESIRE TO ACHIEVE/MOTIVATION 89 86 85 COOPERATION 89 86 83 ANALYTICAL SKILLS 89 86 78 CAN COPE WITH STRESS 89 84 83 DRIVE/E NERGY/E NTHUSIASM 86 91 85 DEPENDABILITY/RE LIABILITY 86 84 88 MAJOR COMPANIES From Heath (2000) LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES NON-TECHNICAL & SOFT SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES SKILLS (TOP SCORE = 100) IMPORTANCE SE LF-MANAGEMENT/SELF-CONTROL 86 84 83 TE AMWORK 86 82 73 LISTENING 86 82 70 TAKING RE SPONSIBILITY/SELF-RELIANCE 86 79 78 PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY 86 77 80 TIME MANAGEMENT 86 68 83 ORAL COMMUNICATION 82 84 83 LOGICAL ARGUME NT/RE ASONING 82 82 75 SE LF-CONFIDENCE 82 75 70 RE SE ARCH OR ENQUIRY SKILLS 82 67 73 CULTURAL F LEXIBILITY/AWARE NESS 82 56 70 CRE ATIVITY/OUT-OF-THE-BOX THINKING 79 79 80
MAJOR COMPANIES From Heath (2000) LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES NON-TECHNICAL & SOFT SKILLS NEEDED BY OIL COMPANIES
SKILLS (TOP SCORE = 100) CAN OVE RCOME ADVE RSITY IMPORTANCE79 77 68 INTELLECTUAL ABILITY/INTELLIGENCE 79 55 65 WRITTEN COMMUNICATION 75 75 80 RAPID CONCEPTUALIZATION OF IDEAS 74 73 68 SPATIAL THINKING 75 66 70 LE ADERSHIP (PAST RESPONSIBILITIES) 71 68 60 ENTREPRE NE URIAL F LAIR/SKILLS 68 68 60 NUME RACY 68 50 58 INTERNATIONAL LIVING /TRAVEL EXPERIENCE 64 46 53 RISK TAKER 57 59 65
MAJOR COMPANIES From Heath (2000) LARGE INDEPENDENTS SMALL COMPANIES SUMMARY: NON-TECHNICAL, SOFT SKILLS
• THE HIGH SCORES DEMONSTRATE THE IMPORTANCE ATTRIBUTED TO THESE SKILLS
• MOST OF THE TOP 15 ATTRIBUTES ARE CLOSELY LINKED TO INNATE “PEOPLE” SKILLS OR ATTITUDE OF STUDENT
• RESEARCH BACKGROUND IS RELATIVELY UNIMPORTANT UNLESS IT HAS HAD PRACTICAL APPLICATION
• RISK TAKING, CULTURAL AWARENESS AND LANGUAGE SKILLS ARE NOT VIEWED IMPORTANT OVERALL SUMMARY
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF EXPECTED SKILLS FOR NEW HIRES
MAJOR LARGE SMALL COMPANIES COMPANIES COMPANIES GE OSCIENCE SKILLS 65.4 61.9 60.1 COMPUTER SKILLS 43.3 42.2 42.3 NON-TECHNICAL & 81.2 75.1 74.8 SOFT SKILLS
(Score out of possible 100)
After Heath (2000) A PARADOX
A GROUP OF LINE MANAGERS AND RECRUITERS WERE ASKED: “WHAT SHOULD A PETROLEUM CURRICULUM STRESS?”
EDUCATION SCIENCE VS VS TRAINING TECHNOLOGY A PARADOX
WHAT SHOULD A PETROLEUM CURRICULUM STRESS?
LINE MANAGERS: RECRUITERS:
TRAINING EDUCATION
TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE EmploymentEmployment ScenarioScenario
1,600,000
1,400,000 Number of Petroleum 1,200,000 Industry Employees 1,000,000 (25 top co’s) 800,000
600,000
400,000
1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 2000 2005
Modified from Arthur L. Smith, 1996 Cyclic Job Market Typical of Today’s Global Industries
Employment Rosy Prediction ? ? ? ? (number of (number of jobs) Retrench
Crash Growth Growth Rebirth
Timeime USAUSA AverageAverage WellheadWellhead OilOil PricePrice Oil Price (1996 Dollars/Barrel) 60 1991 Gulf 1980 Iran/Iraq War 50 War 1978 Iranian Revolution 40 1973 Arab Oil Embargo
1967 Arab-Israeli War 30 1967 Arab-Israeli War $/Barrel $/Barrel 1956 Suez Crisis 20
10
0 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 Year U.S. Department of Energy, 1996 DOEDOE OilOil PricePrice ForecastsForecasts Linear Trends Predicted Beginning From the Actual Price of Year Listed 120 1982
100 1981
80 1984 1983 60 1985 1986
1987 40 Dollars per Barrel Dollars per Barrel Actual 1991
20 1995
0 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Year after U.S. Department of Energy 19981998 OilOil PricePrice ForecastsForecasts Nine Organizations 35 Widely Divergent Forecasts IEA 30 Make Planning Difficult DOE (High)
25 Mobil
GRI 20 DOE (Base) $/BBL (1996 Dollars) $/BBL (1996 Dollars) 15 Nat. Res. Canada
Nat. West 10 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Pet. Econ. Year DOE (Low)
U.S. Department of Energy, 1998 WhyWhy ThereThere isis StillStill aa ViableViable FutureFuture WithWith OilOil CompaniesCompanies
Four Reasons: MarketMarket ForcesForces
DemographicsDemographics
InternationalInternational OpportunitiesOpportunities
NewNew TechnologyTechnology WhyWhy ThereThere isis StillStill aa ViableViable FutureFuture WithWith OilOil CompaniesCompanies
Four Reasons: MarketMarket ForcesForces
DemographicsDemographics
InternationalInternational OpportunitiesOpportunities
NewNew TechnologyTechnology Population-DrivenPopulation-Driven EnergyEnergy DemandDemand
World Population World Primary Energy (Millions) Consumption (Quadrillion BTU)
10,000 500
8,000
6,000 400
4,000
2,000 300
0 1500 1700 1900 2100 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 AAPG Explorer, 8/95 WorldWorld FuelFuel Consumption:Consumption: 1970-19941970-1994 Oil Natural Gas 8,000 Nuclear Energy Hydroelectricity 7,000 Coal
6,000
5,000 oil equivalent oil equivalent
4,000
3,000 tonnes tonnes 2,000 Million Million 1,000
0 1992 1990 1986 1982 1974 1970 1994 1988 1984 1980 1976 1978 1972 1992 1990 1986 1982 1974 1970 1994 1988 1984 1980 1976 1978 1972 Year Cook and Sheath, 1997 Projected World Energy Supplies Careers in Oil & Gas New Technologies Hydroelectric New Technologies Remain Important 100100 100 BILLION BARRELS Solar, Wind Geothermal 80 Billion World Energy Demand Barrels Nuclear Electric Coal of Oil 60 Equivalent 60 Per Year (GBOE) Natural Gas
Gas Fossil Fuels Fossil Fuels Decreasing 40 Decreasing
Crude Oil 20
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 20602080 2080 21003000
AAPG 8/97 MoreMore RealisticRealistic EmploymentEmployment ScenarioScenario
1,600,000
1,400,000 GlobalGlobal EnergyEnergy Number of DemandDemand willwill Petroleum 1,200,000 CounterCounter TrendTrend Industry Employees 1,000,000 (25 top co’s) 800,000 Actual ? 600,000
400,000
1974 19791979 1984 1989 19941994 2000 2005
Modified from Arthur L. Smith, 1996 WhyWhy ThereThere isis StillStill aa ViableViable FutureFuture WithWith OilOil CompaniesCompanies
Four Reasons: MarketMarket ForcesForces
DemographicsDemographics
InternationalInternational OpportunitiesOpportunities
NewNew TechnologyTechnology MEDIAN AGE OF AAPG / SPE MEMBERS
60
49 50 46 39 40 37 AA PG AA PG 30 SPE SPE 20
10 MEDIAN AGE OF MEMBERS MEDIAN AGE 0 1990 2000
From AAPG/SPE GeoscienceGeoscience DemographicsDemographics (For a Major Oil Company)
Age Brackets for Geoscientists Worldwide (2008*) 300 255 250
200 191 153 150 140
100 76 50 23 3 0 >25 26-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60+
Age (YRS) *with normal attrition and no replenishment
• OUR INDUSTRY IS GREYING
• THE MENTORS IN THE MAJOR COMPANIES ARE GONE
• THE TRAINING PROGRAMS IN THE MAJOR COMPANIES ARE GONE
• THE RESEARCH CENTRES IN THE MAJOR COMPANIES ARE GONE
• A LARGE NUMBER OF THE MAJOR COMPANIES ARE GONE • IN 10 YEARS MOST OF US TEACHING YOU WILL BE GONE THETHE PRODUCTIVITYPRODUCTIVITY “GAP”“GAP”
88 YEARSYEARS PRODUCTIVE UNIVERSITY PETROLEUM ENGINEER / GEOSCIENTIST
Carnarvon Gorge, Qld (S.Lang) PRODUCTIVE PETROLEUM Industry hire GEOSCIENTIST
MSc
Hons. The Internet
START UNI BSc What’s In The Pipeline? GEOSCIENCE STUDENTS AT US UNIVERSITIES
40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 STUDENTS 10000 5000 0 1955 1960 19651970 1975 1980 19851990 1995 UNDERGRADUATE GRADUATE From W. Fischer GEOSCIENCE STUDENTS AT NON-U.S. UNIVERSITIES
1400
1200
1000
800
600
STUDENTS 400
200
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98
Diplomas at German Universities
Graduates at British Universities From Bottomley, 1999; Honours at Australian Universities D.I.S.T., 2001 2002 Geological Salary Survey
Salaries for New hires (with 0-2 years experience)
$75,000 High
$64,000 Average
$55,000 Low
AAPG (2002) US Dollars $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000 $300,000 $350,000 $50,000 $0 2002 Geological SalarySurvey 02 - 69 01 1-920+ 15-19 10-14 6-9 3-5 0-2 Years Experience AAPG (2002) Low Average High Average Salary by Degree
$120,000
$100,000
$80,000
$60,000 B.Sc
M.Sc US Dollars
$40,000 Ph.D
$20,000
$0
0-2 3-5 6-9 10-14 15-19 20+ Years Experience AAPG (2002) WhyWhy ThereThere isis StillStill aa ViableViable FutureFuture WithWith OilOil CompaniesCompanies
Four Reasons: MarketMarket ForcesForces
DemographicsDemographics
InternationalInternational OpportunitiesOpportunities
NewNew TechnologyTechnology LargestLargest HydrocarbonHydrocarbon BasinsBasins by Ultimate Potential Global Giant Oil and Gas Fields
Gas Oil Global Exploration Opportunities for Future Growth
N. Sea W. Siberia Sakhalin E. Canada Caspian Italy N Africa GOM Vietnam Venezuela W. Africa Malaysia Papua Peru New PeruBrazil Indonesia Guinea Australia Argentina WhyWhy ThereThere isis StillStill aa ViableViable FutureFuture WithWith OilOil CompaniesCompanies
Four Reasons: MarketMarket ForcesForces
DemographicsDemographics
InternationalInternational OpportunitiesOpportunities
NewNew TechnologyTechnology CoreCore CalibrationCalibration forfor PetrophysicalPetrophysical AnalysisAnalysis
JMA Mobil GeologicGeologic DataData AnalysisAnalysis
Mobil ComputerComputer SimulationSimulation andand HistoryHistory MatchingMatching
JMA Mobil Synergistic Technologies Integrated Workstation Applications & Visualisation Capabilities
NCPGG / Schlumberger Joint Training and Research CentreCentre (Univ Adelaide) FORMER PARADIGM: ISOLATED RESEARCH
Subject matter: Non-applied, “esoteric” PRESENT REALITY: RELEVANT INTERACTIVE RESEARCH ImpactImpact ofof IntegratedIntegrated ReservoirReservoir ManagementManagement Neogene Deltaic Reservoir 140
120 Production History
100 Projected Decline Technology Impact
80 Technology added significant 60 new BOD x 1000 BOD x 1000 reserves 40
20
0 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Clayton, 1998 The Importance of Developing Technologies
• New opportunities, some in old places – Sub-salt, sub-volcanic imaging – Deep water sequence stratigraphy – Imaging of deep structure • Technology leads to efficiency and profitability, even at $15/bbl • Emphasis upon computer technology and geological skills • Infusion of new ideas into the workforce FutureFuture OpportunitiesOpportunities
New Ideas
NewNew ToolsTools NewNew DiscoveriesDiscoveries inin ‘Old’‘Old’ AreasAreas
ChangedChanged EconomicsEconomics Job Market Expectation By Employers
Assume:Assume: • Self-motivated • Computer- literate • Well - educated • Team player • Excellent communicator Job Market Expectation By Employers
Expectation:Expectation: • Immediate Impact • Bottom Line Focus • High Productivity • Continuous Learning • Self Reliant Job Market Readiness Student Preparation
Education:Education: • Broadly Based • Balance of Theory and Application
Thesis:Thesis: • Targeted Job Market Readiness Student Preparation
Skills:Skills: • Think 4-D • Computer Workstation • English Proficiency
Traits:Traits: • Self-motivated • Proactive PetroleumPetroleum IndustryIndustry CareersCareers Survival Training •• StrongStrong basic-disciplinebasic-discipline trainingtraining •• Competitive-edgeCompetitive-edge inin severalseveral skillsskills - Quantitative (space & time) - Workstation (computer) - Interpersonal - English Language • Excellent communication skills • Excellent communication skills - Oral, written, graphical
•• ConstantConstant updatingupdating // expansionexpansion ofof skillsskills CyclicCyclic JobJob MarketMarket Continuous Learning Facilitates Timely Changes
Timelyimely Timelyimely ? ? ? ? Employment Rosy PredictionChange Change (number of jobs)jobs)
Growth
Discipline A Discipline B DisciplineDiscipline CC
TTimeime ProfessionalProfessional SocietiesSocieties
Local Societies GSM, IPA, etc TechnologyTechnology DisseminatorsDisseminators TheThe FutureFuture forfor thethe OilOil IndustryIndustry
• Dominant fuel source for 30-60 more years • Increased emphasis on enhanced recovery/production scale sedimentology/3-D visualisation/cross-disciplinary communication • Higher efficiency demands high workstation skill levels as well as competency in fundamentals • People provide the competitive edge (because everyone has the same tools)
Jobs for the best engineers / geoscientists The Future…..