West Bekaa District

Roads and Employment Project Environmental and Social Management Plan Bekaa West Caza September 2020 Final Report Associated Consulting Engineers 1|P a g e Roads and Employment Project Environmental and Social Management Plan Bekaa West Caza TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ......................................................................................................... 2 List of Tables ................................................................................................................ 6 List of Figures ............................................................................................................... 8 List of Acronyms .......................................................................................................... 9 Executive Summary – Non-Technical Summary ............................................................. 11 22 ......................................................................................... ملخص تنفيذي - موجز غير تقني 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................... 31 1.1 Project Background ..................................................................................... 31 1.2 Project Rationale ......................................................................................... 31 1.3 Report Objectives ........................................................................................ 32 1.4 Methodology .............................................................................................. 32 2. Existing, Legal, Administrative and Policies Framework ......................................... 33 2.1 National Environmental and Social Legal Framework ....................................... 33 2.2 Institutional ................................................................................................ 36 2.3 Environmental Standards ............................................................................. 37 2.3.1 Wastewater Discharge Targets .................................................................. 37 2.3.2 Air Emissions Targets ............................................................................... 38 2.3.3 Noise Emissions Targets ........................................................................... 39 2.4 Word Bank Policies ...................................................................................... 39 2.4.1 Safeguards Policies .................................................................................. 39 2.4.2 Access to Information .............................................................................. 40 2.4.3 Consultation and Disclosure Policy ............................................................ 40 2.4.4 Guidelines and Manuals ........................................................................... 40 2.5 International Treaties and Conventions ......................................................... 40 2.6 Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines of the WB ........................... 41 2.6.1 Wastewater and Ambient Water Quality .................................................... 41 2.6.2 Air Emissions and Ambient Air Quality ....................................................... 41 2.6.3 Noise Management ................................................................................. 42 3. Description of the Proposed Project ..................................................................... 43 3.1 Location ..................................................................................................... 43 3.2 Project Activities ......................................................................................... 48 3.2.1 Road Selection ........................................................................................ 48 3.2.2 Rehabilitation Works ............................................................................... 49 3.3 Materials and Equipment ............................................................................. 51 3.4 Site Construction Staffing ............................................................................. 52 3.5 Site Facilities ............................................................................................... 56 Associated Consulting Engineers 2|P a g e Roads and Employment Project Environmental and Social Management Plan Bekaa West Caza 4. Baseline Environmental & Social Conditions ......................................................... 57 4.1 Physical Environment ................................................................................... 57 4.1.1 Topography ............................................................................................ 57 4.1.2 Geology .................................................................................................. 57 4.1.3 Hydrogeology ......................................................................................... 59 4.1.4 Climate and Meteorology ......................................................................... 62 4.1.5 Air Quality and Noise ............................................................................... 63 4.1.6 Land Use/Land Cover ............................................................................... 65 4.2 Biological Environment ................................................................................ 65 4.2.1 Flora ...................................................................................................... 65 4.2.2 Fauna ..................................................................................................... 66 4.2.3 Ecologically Sensitive Areas ...................................................................... 66 4.3 Socio Economic Environment ........................................................................ 67 4.3.1 Demographic Profile ................................................................................ 67 4.3.2 Economic Activities and Infrastructure ....................................................... 68 4.3.3 Education Services ................................................................................... 71 4.3.4 Health Services ....................................................................................... 71 4.3.5 Cultural Heritage ..................................................................................... 72 4.3.6 Road Sensitive Receptors ......................................................................... 72 4.4 Summary of Baseline ................................................................................... 72 5. Potential Environmental and Social Impacts ......................................................... 74 5.1 Assessment Methodology ............................................................................ 74 5.2 Potential Positive Impacts during Rehabilitation ............................................. 74 5.3 Potential Environmental Negative Impacts during Rehabilitation ...................... 74 5.3.1 Water and Soil Quality ............................................................................. 74 5.3.2 Air Quality, Noise and Light ...................................................................... 76 5.3.3 Use of Natural Resources ......................................................................... 77 5.3.4 Land Cover ............................................................................................. 77 5.3.5 Biological Environment (Flora and Fauna)................................................... 78 5.3.6 Visual Intrusion ....................................................................................... 78 5.3.7 Existing Infrastructure .............................................................................. 78 5.4 Potential Socioeconomic Impacts during Rehabilitation ................................... 78 5.4.1 Potential Labor Influx ............................................................................... 78 5.4.2 Traffic .................................................................................................... 79 5.4.3 Social Tension ......................................................................................... 79 5.4.4 Child Labor ............................................................................................. 79 5.4.5 Cultural Heritage ..................................................................................... 79 5.4.6 Accessibility ............................................................................................ 80 5.4.7 Economic Activities .................................................................................. 80 5.5 Potential Health and Safety Impacts during Rehabilitation ............................... 80 5.5.1 Occupational Health and Safety ................................................................ 80 5.5.2 Public Safety ........................................................................................... 81 Associated Consulting Engineers 3|P a g e Roads and Employment Project Environmental and Social Management Plan Bekaa West Caza 5.6 Potential Positive Impacts during Operation ................................................... 82 5.6.1 Socioeconomic Environment..................................................................... 82 5.6.2 Cultural Heritage ..................................................................................... 82 5.7 Potential Negative Environmental Impacts during Operation............................ 82 5.7.1 Soil & Water Quality

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