2013 Ohio Youth Risk Behavior Survey Preventive Healthcare 2013 2013 Ohio Ohio Youth Youth Risk Risk Behavior Survey Survey
Preventive Healthcare In the United States, most youth do not receive adequate preventive care.1 In addition to normal health care needs, it is important for youth to have preventive care visits with their health care provider in order to be screened for harmful behaviors and patterns that are typically established in adolescents.1 In Ohio, a majority of students reported seeing a doctor and a dentist during the past 12 months. A majority of students do not get eight hours or more of sleep on the average school night.
Healthy People 2020’s 10-year health objectives include topics relevant to the YRBS topics, aimed at improving the health of adolescents in the United States2. Two objectives that deal with Adolescent Health (AH) directly and Sleep Health (SH) specifically for adolescents are presented below:
AH-1: Increase the proportion of adolescents who have had a wellness checkup in the past 12 months to 75.6 percent. In 2013, 65.7 percent of Ohio high school students saw a doctor or nurse for a checkup when they were not sick.
SH-3: Increase the proportion of students grades 9 through 12 who get sufficient sleep (defined as eight or more hours of sleep on an average school night) to 33.2 percent.
In 2013, 26.4 percent of Ohio high school students got eight or more hours of sleep on the average school night.
Recent trends (2003-2013) in Ohio indicate: Prevalence rates for students who reported seeing a doctor or nurse for a checkup during the past year have remained steady since 2007. Prevalence rates for students who reported seeing a dentist during the past year have remained steady. Prevalence rates for students who reported seeing a doctor, nurse, therapist, social worker or counselor for a mental health problem have remained steady since 2005. Prevalence rates for students who reported getting eight or more hours of sleep per night have remained steady since 2011.
The charts on the following pages represent the past ten years of YRBS data.abc
a2009 data are not included in tables because the limited response rate did not produce a weighted sample. bTrend data based on trend analysis using logistic regression model controlling for sex, race/ethnicity, and grade, p<0.05. cComparisons among groups in 2013 data were not tested for significance, but determined by comparing confidence intervals.
2 Preventive Healthcare Percentage of students who last saw a doctor or nurse “When was the last time for a check-up or physical exam during the past 12 months you saw a doctor or when they were not sick or injured, Ohio 2007-2013 nurse for a check-up or physical exam when you were not sick or injured?” 70.0 From 2007 to 2013, 60.0 there was no significant change in the percentage 50.0 of students who saw a 2007 doctor when they were 40.0
Percent not sick or injured. 2011 30.0 2013 There were no differences by race, gender or grade 20.0 level for students who saw a doctor for a check-up. 10.0
0.0 NH- NH- Total Female Male 9th 10th 11th 12th White Black 2007 67.6 67.7 67.7 68.9 69.4 66.9 65.6 68.1 64.9 2011 60.5 59.4 61.3 64.6 59.3 57.0 61.9 59.0 71.4 2013 65.7 65.9 65.7 67.8 66.7 61.4 67.1 66.1 68.5
Percentage of students who last saw a dentist for a check-up, “When was the last time exam, teeth cleaning or other dental work you saw a dentist for a during the past 12 months, Ohio 2003-2013 check-up, exam, teeth cleaning or other dental 80.0 work?” 70.0 2003 From 2003 to 2013, there 60.0 was no significant change 2005 50.0 in the percentage of 2007 students who saw a dentist
Percent 40.0 2011 during the past year. 30.0 2013 20.0 When compared to non- 10.0 Hispanic black students, non-Hispanic white 0.0 NH- NH- students were 1.3 times Total Female Male 9th 10th 11th 12th White Black more likely to have seen a 2003 72.5 73.6 71.6 70.9 77.0 70.5 71.5 76.3 2003 NH-black dentist during the past year. <100 in sample 2005 70.4 72.9 68.0 76.5 71.6 67.2 67.0 72.4 58.3 There were no differences 2007 72.5 72.9 72.3 73.8 74.1 72.5 70.1 75.0 60.7 by gender or grade level for students who saw a dentist 2011 66.9 65.7 68.6 70.7 68.8 63.9 66.2 67.9 66.0 during the past year. 2013 74.9 75.7 74.5 71.8 75.9 78.0 75.0 78.3 61.3
Preventive Healthcare 3 Percentage of students who last saw a doctor, nurse, therapist, “When was the last time social worker or counselor for a mental health problem during you saw a doctor, nurse, the past 12 months, Ohio 2005-2013 therapist, social worker, or counselor for a mental 35.0 health problem?”
30.0 From 2003 to 2013, there has been no significant 25.0 change in percentage of students who reported 2005 20.0 seeing a professional for a Percent 2007 mental health problem. 15.0 2011 There were no differences 10.0 2013 by gender, race or grade level for students 5.0 who reported seeing a professional for a mental 0.0 health problem. NH- NH- Total Female Male 9th 10th 11th 12th White Black 2005 18.6 19.5 17.7 22.2 19.4 16.5 16.2 16.8 30.7 2007 19.4 20.5 18.3 19.7 21.3 19.5 17.2 17.3 27.3 2011 22.1 23.4 20.8 26.7 21.3 20.8 19.7 19.6 30.3 2013 21.1 25.0 17.2 25.6 22.2 16.9 19.3 19.1 26.0
Percentage of students who get eight or more hours of sleep “On an average school on an average school night, Ohio 2011-2013 night, how many hours of sleep do you get?” 40.0 From 2011 to 2013, 35.0 there was no significant change in the 30.0 percentage of students 25.0 who got eight or more 2011 hours of sleep on the 20.0 2013 average school night. Percent 15.0 9th and 10th grade students were more 10.0 likely than 11th and 12th 5.0 grade students to report getting eight or more 0.0 hours of sleep per night. NH- NH- Total Female Male 9th 10th 11th 12th White Black There were no 2011 24.7 23.9 25.6 29.1 25.6 24.6 18.4 24.7 21.9 differences by gender 2013 26.4 22.9 29.6 36.2 32.0 19.0 17.1 26.9 22.9 or race for students who got at least eight hours of sleep per night.
4 Preventive Healthcare Percentage of students who used an indoor tanning device “During the past 12 such as a sunlamp, sunbed, or tanning booth one or more times months, how many times during the past 12 months, Ohio 2013 did you use an indoor tanning device such as a sunlamp, sunbed or 30.0 tanning booth?”
25.0 Female students were 2.6 times more likely to use an indoor tanning device 20.0 2013 than male students.
15.0 11th graders were 2.2 Percent times more likely than 10.0 9th graders and 2.6 times more likely than 10th 0.5 graders to use indoor tanning devices.
0.0 th NH- NH- 12 graders were 2.3 Total Female Male 9th 10th 11th 12th White Black times more likely than 9th graders and 2.8 times 2013 17.7 25.8 9.8 11.3 9.4 24.4 26.0 19.8 9.7 more likely than 10th graders to use tanning devices.
There were no differences by race.
Percentage of students who did not go to school due to a problem “During the past 12 with their asthma or difficulty breathing due to asthma months, how many on one or more days during the past 12 months, Ohio 2013 days did you not go to school due to a problem with your asthma or 9.0 difficulty breathing due to asthma?” 8.0 7.0 There were no differences by gender, race or grade 6.0 2013 level for students who did 5.0 not go to school one or more days due to asthma
Percent 4.0 symptoms. 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 NH- NH- Total Female Male 9th 10th 11th 12th White Black 2013 6.2 5.7 6.7 7.2 7.7 5.2 4.8 5.7 8.3
Preventive Healthcare 5 Percentage of students who have physical disabilities or long-term “Do you have any health problems, Ohio 2013 physical disabilities or long-term health problems?” 16.0 There were no 14.0 differences by gender, 12.0 grade level or race for 2013 students with physical 10.0 disabilities or long-term 8.0 health problems. Percent 6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0 NH- NH- Total Female Male 9th 10th 11th 12th White Black 2013 12.5 13.0 12.0 12.2 13.5 12.5 12.0 12.1 15.5
6 Preventive Healthcare 2013 Ohio Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Conclusions
Preventive healthcare is necessary for children and adolescents to insure they are screened and treated for illnesses. In addition to physical health, illnesses or disease affects adolescents’ attendance at school. Research shows that children from families who could not afford dental care or had no dental insurance were more likely to miss two or more days of school in a year than students with insurance or from families who can afford dental care.3 In Ohio, most high school students report going to the doctor and dentist this year (66 percent and 75 percent). Twenty-one percent of students reported seeing a mental health professional during the past year, which is close to the 26 percent of students who reported symptoms of depression during the past year.
One area of concern for Ohio is that there are only a small percentage of teens who report getting the recommended eight or more hours of sleep per night (26 percent). Lack of sleep can negatively impact a variety of areas in adolescents’ lives, including academic, cognitive, behavior, psychological, physical and substance use.4 One solution that has been recommended is pushing back start times for schools to increase the available sleep time for adolescents or limiting the amount of evening activities.
The key findings for the 2013 Ohio YRBS show that approximately: Seven out of 10 students saw a doctor or nurse for a checkup or physical exam when they were not sick during the past year. Eight out of 10 students visited a dentist during the past year. Two out of 10 students visited a mental health professional during the past year. Three out of 10 students got more than eight hours of sleep on an average school night.
References: 1. Irwin, C., Adams, S., Park, M., & Newacheck, P. (2009, April). Preventative care for adolescents: few get visits and fewer get services. Pediatrics, 565-572. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19336348 2. Healthy People. (2013, March 8). 2020 Topics and Objectives. Retrieved from: http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/default.aspx 3. Pourat, N. & Nicholson, G. (2009, November 1). Unaffordable dental care is linked to frequent school absences. UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. Retrieved from: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/14g1w8s7 4. Carskadon, M.A. (2011, June). Sleep in adolescents: the perfect storm. Pediatr Clin North Am, 58 (3), 637-647. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2011.03.003. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21600346
Contact: Sara Lowe Ohio Department of Health [email protected]
Preventive Healthcare 7