ACHIEVEMENT REWARDS FOR COLLEGE SCIENTISTS

SCHOLAR DIRECTORY 2011-2012

SAN DIEGO CHAPTER ARCS® Foundation, Inc. AT A GLANCE ARCS - Achievement Rewards for College Scientists. A Scholar must be a US citizen. A Scholar must maintain a 3.7 GPA. A Scholar must be enrolled as a full-time student specializing in science, engineering or medical research. ARCS raises money to provide awards to students studying at SDSU, TSRI, UCSD, and USD. ARCS is a national 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. ARCS is an all volunteer woman’s organization. 100% of every dollar donated goes to Scholar Awards. Since 1985, the San Diego Chapter has awarded $7,187,00 million (966 awards) to 461 Scholars.

ARCS Foundation, Inc., San Diego Chapter Board of Directors 2011-2012 President ...... Robin Luby Immediate Past President ...... Candace Kohl Vice Presidents Administration ...... Chan Pike Communications ...... Marti Showley Fund Development ...... Sharon Arbelaez Membership ...... Bobbie Vandervoort Special Events ...... Cynthia Jackson University Relations ...... Diane Annala Chalmers Recording Secretary ...... Sandra Harris Corresponding Secretary ...... Maureen Lamberti Treasurer ...... Marcia Borgman Assistant Treasurer ...... Christine Gutheil Directors Business Giving ...... Holli Garrett Foundation Giving ...... Carolyn Waggoner Member Giving ...... Pam Palisoul, Jeanne Larson Properties ...... Chan Pike New Members ...... Peggy Hanley Publications ...... Mary Lou Quick Strategic Planning ...... Patty Elkus Advisors Parliamentarian ...... Lois Thompson Website ...... Toni Nickell Community Advisory Council Liaison ...... Joan Evangelou Foundation Giving ...... Jerrie Schmidt Meetings ...... Maureen Lamberti, Britt Zeller Membership ...... Deborah Mandabach Special Events ...... Karen Tartre Special Chairs Database ...... Andy Correnti Editing ...... Nancy Bildsoe, Lois Thompson, Toni Nickell Historian ...... Adrienne McCullough Individual Giving ...... TBA Mailing ...... Connie Adelman Public Relations ...... Darlene Davies Roster ...... Mary Lou Quick, Toni Nickell Scholar Recognition Event ...... Marcia Borgman, Diane Annala Chalmers Scientist of the Year Dinner ...... Patty Elkus University Liaisons SDSU ...... Mary Lou Quick TSRI ...... Toni Nickell UCSD ...... Priscilla Moxley USD ...... Yolanda Walther-Meade Our Mission ARCS® Foundation advances science and technology in the United States by providing financial awards to academically outstanding U.S. citizens studying to complete degrees in science, engineering and medical research.

About ARCS ARCS Foundation, Inc. — Achievement Rewards for College Scientists — is a distinguished national nonprofit volunteer women’s organization consisting of 17 geographically diverse, autonomous chapters committed to a common mission and operating under the auspices of a national board. Through partnerships with 52 of America’s most highly ranked universities, ARCS Foundation provides financial awards to those U.S. graduate and undergraduate students judged to be most capable of innovative research in science, engineering and medical research. Our scholar award model provides flexible and unrestricted funding that is often a game changer for these fledgling researchers. It is uniquely structured to support scientific advancement by supporting individual potential.

The Foundation was formed by a small group of women in Los Angeles in 1958 in response to the Russian launch of Sputnik and the need to spur U. S. supremacy in the technology race. Over the 53-year history of ARCS Foundation, the Chapters across the country have provided more than 13,650 scholar awards totaling nearly $79 million.

One hundred percent of scholar award contributions — from corporations, endowments, individuals, foundations, members of ARCS® Foundation and unsolicited gifts of money designated for Chapters’ Scholar Funds — goes to fund these motivated students.

Since the San Diego chapter began in 1985, 966 Scholar Awards totaling $7,187,000 have been awarded to graduate and undergraduate students attending San Diego State University, The Scripps Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, including Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and University of San Diego.

About the Scholars The San Diego Chapter of the ARCS Foundation is proud to introduce our 2011-2012 ARCS Scholars. This year the San Diego Chapter awarded $405,000 to 56 ARCS Foundation Scholars: 16 Scholars from San Diego State University; 8 from The Scripps Research Institute; 28 from the University of California, San Diego; and 4 from the University of San Diego.

These merit Scholars represent America’s future. We welcome them as they join the ranks of outstanding scientists and engineers who are contributing to the advancement of science and technology and to keeping the United States competitive throughout the world.

San Diego ARCS Foundation Scholars pursue Undergraduate and Graduate degrees in a wide range of subjects. Beyond the generalized area of science, engineering and medical research, these Scholars are specializing in astronomy, biochemistry, botany, cell and molecular biology, chemistry, computer science, ecology, engineering, genetics, marine biology, mathematics, oceanography, physics, and many more.

ARCS® Foundation, nationally recognized for its scholar award programs promoting science and engineering education, has been singled out by the Council for Advancement and Support of Education (CASE) for its highest award – the James L. Fisher Award for Distinguished Service to Education. 1 2011-2012 Community Advisory Council

The purpose of ARCS® Foundation, Inc., San Diego Chapter Community Advisory Council (CAC) is to assist the organization in achieving its mission. The Council is composed of distinguished professionals drawn from diverse science and technology industries represented in San Diego. Through the members of the Council, the chapter has access to a larger network of individuals, businesses and professional organizations interested in the advancement of science and technology. They help the chapter accomplish its goals, promote activities and facilitate fund raising. For the Scholars, the Council organizes activities that enrich the Scholars’ professional experience and serve as a bridge to the entrepreneurial community.

June Chocheles, President, Chocheles Consulting Group * Duane Roth, CEO, CONNECT **

Shirley Adams, Vice President, Technical Solutions, Accenture Federal Service Jon Berg-Johnson, Corporate Lead Executive, Lockheed Martin Lynn Congemi, Vice President, SAIC Faye Esaias, Director of Small Business Programs, SPAWAR Systems Center, Pacific Maria Fischer, CEO, BienTech International Patricia Fuller, Director, Planned Giving, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute Ken Garcia, New Professionals Group and Organizational Development, SPAWAR Systems Center Holli Garrett, President and CEO, Clean Energy Principles Nia Gipson, Education Coordinator, BIOCOM Institute Kristie Grover, Executive Director, BIOCOM Institute Andrew Hewitt, President, Manhattan Renewable Energy LLC Pat Kelly, Vice President, Sonalysts Bernie Kulchin, Corporate Vice President Human Resources, Cubic Corporation Terry Magee, Executive Vice President, Wavestream Corporation Terrance McKearney, President, The Ranger Group Terry Moore, Managing Partner, Moore Venture Partners, LP Joseph Panetta, President and CEO, BIOCOM Nancy Pearson, Director, Operational Excellence, Northrop Grumman Information Systems Taylor Peterson, Director, Innovation Programs, CONNECT James Rohr, Education Outreach Coordinator, SPAWAR Systems Center Ann Siemens, Principal, Siemens and Associates, Inc. Roger Webb, Senior Vice President, Defense Group, Inc. Philip Weyman, Synthetic Biology, Bioenergy Group, J. Craig Venter Institute

* Chairman ** Honorary Chairman Our Community Supporters “Cymer’s support of ARCS and the talented graduate students at San Diego’s outstanding academic institutions aligns well with our vision to create innovative technology that makes the world a better place to live. We are proud to be associated with a very worthy cause, and look forward to seeing ARCS scholars make a significant mark in their fields of interest.” BLAKE MILLER, Vice President, Marketing Cymer, Inc.

“Union Bank is proud to be associated with ARCS for over 10 years in providing scholarship opportunities to academically excellent students. Recognition of significant achievement in promoting the educational mission and vision of the ARCS scholars aligns with the Union Bank strategic mission.” MARLA BLACK, Senior Vice President Union Bank

2 Words from University Presidents

"We're extremely grateful to the ARCS Foundation for their partnership and support of our students. Working together, we can help develop the scientists and engineers who will lead our country's future scientific and economic development."

Elliot Hirschman, President San Diego State University

“Being designated an ARCS Scholar is an unparalleled honor in the life and work of any young graduate student in the sciences. That a select group of students in our Kellogg School of Science and Technology has been acknowledged makes all of us at The Scripps Research Institute and in its Ph.D. program feel equally proud.”

Richard A. Lerner, President The Scripps Research Institute

"UC San Diego appreciates the generous support of the ARCS Foundation, whose members fund scholarships for local science, engineering, and medical students. Our campus is committed to training the best and brightest students to be future leaders, and we are grateful for the investment ARCS has made in their educational endeavors. On behalf of the UC San Diego community, I would like to thank the members of ARCS for its continued support and commitment to scientific achievement and excellence."

Marye Anne Fox, Chancellor University of California, San Diego

“Your generosity promotes the University of San Diego’s mission to offer motivated and capable students superb science and health care education. The philanthropy of ARCS is a gift to the entire community by providing it with science and health care professionals.”

Mary E. Lyons, President University of San Diego

3 Ways to Help ARCS Foundation Scholars

100% of each contribution is awarded directly to the Scholar.

ARCS Foundation provides a unique vehicle for supporting Scholars in science, medicine, and engineering without incurring administrative overhead. Member dues and event underwriting cover all operating expenses. Members who donate their time provide all administrative services.

There are two ways to support ARCS Scholars studying to complete their degrees in science, medicine, and engineering. The first is to make an annual gift to the Scholar Award Fund. The entire amount is awarded within a year of receipt. The second way to support Scholars is through a gift to the Endowment Fund. The principal continues to accrue interest in perpetuity; Scholar Awards are made from the interest.

I. Annual Gifts to the Scholar Award Fund Gifts to the ARCS Foundation Scholar Award Fund support continuing and new Scholars at San Diego State University, The Scripps Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, and University of San Diego. Gifts to the Scholar Award Fund may be made by check, credit card, or through gifts of appreciated securities. Gifts received during the fiscal year (July 1 - June 30) are awarded at the beginning of the following academic year.

II. Gifts to the ARCS Foundation Endowment Fund Gifts to the ARCS Foundation Endowment build an investment fund, the earnings of which provide a permanent source of income essential for supporting a portion of the Award Fund in perpetuity. Whenever an Endowment grows by $150,000, the interest earned generates a $7,500 Award. The Virginia L. Grady Fund, Wally Schirra Memorial Endowment Fund and the ARCS Endowment Fund are examples of permanently endowed Scholar Awards.

ARCS Legacy Society: ARCS Legacy Society comprises donors who have provided for the ARCS Foundation in their estate plans, thereby insuring the future of ARCS Scholars. For further information about how to become a member of the Legacy Society, contact Marti Panarisi at (858) 756-9572.

Memorial & Honorary Gifts: Gifts may be made in memory of a loved one, or in recognition of an individual on the occasion of a birthday, anniversary, or special event. All memorials and honoraria help build the Endowment.

TO GIVE ONLINE: Go to the ARCS website: www.arcsfoundation.org/san_diego Click the turquoise “Donate” button found at the bottom of this homepage. Then click the blue “Donate Now” button found at the bottom of the linked page.

FOR MORE INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT: Robin Luby | President [email protected] | (858) 459-9455 or Sharon Arbelaez | Vice President, Fund Development [email protected] | (858) 452-6541 ARCS Foundation, Inc. San Diego Chapter P.O. Box 8394, Rancho Santa Fe, CA 92067-8394 A Nonprofit Charitable Organization | Federal I.D. No. 33-0164533 | Corporate No. 1367672

4 ARCS® Foundation, Inc., San Diego Chapter MAJOR DONORS Cumulative Gifts 1985 through June 2011

STELLAR BENEFACTORS – $1,000,000 AND ABOVE The Reuben H. Fleet Foundation Fund Virginia Lynch Grady Endowment

GALAXY BENEFACTOR – $500,000 AND ABOVE The Donald C. and Elizabeth M. Dickinson Foundation

ALBERT EINSTEIN PATRON – $250,000 - $499,999 Blasker-Rose-Miah Fund International Systems, LLC/ Allan Wegner and Bob Whalen ARCS Endowment Fund

THOMAS EDISON PATRON – $100,000 - $249,999 The Thomas C. Ackerman Foundation Margaret L. Roulette The Beyster Family Foundation Wally Schirra Memorial Endowment Fund The Favrot Fund Ellen Browning Scripps Foundation Kathryn Crippen Hattox Fund Timkin-Sturgis Foundation Legler Benbough Foundation Union Bank Dale and Marge Myers Fund WD-40 Company

MARIE CURIE CIRCLE – $50,000 - $99,999 The Atkinson Family Foundation Jackie Leisz Emily Bagnall Maurice J. Masserini Charitable Trust Karen and Bob Bowden/Bowden Family Foundation The Collins Companies Foundation/Diane and Tyler Miller Cubic Corporation The Parker Foundation Dr. Charles C. and Sue K. Edwards Foundation Pfizer La Jolla Cecil and Ida Green Foundation Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) Jack Heckel Pat and Bob Whalen

GALILEO CIRCLE – $25,000 - $49,999 Carlos and Sharon Arbelaez Nancy and Bill Norgren Charles and Ruth Billingsley Foundation Oak Industries The Burnham Foundation Thomas and Audrey Pine Foundation Conexant Systems, Incorporated Mrs. Walter J. Podbielniak The Education Financing Foundation of California The George Smedes Poyner Foundation Becki and Ed Etess Mrs. Donald Roon / Roon Foundation, Inc. Samuel H. French III and Katherine Weaver French Fund Marti and Larry Showley Connie K. Golden Lois S. Thompson The Heller Foundation of San Diego The Thursday Club Foundation Hervey Family Non-endowment Fund Titan Corporation Janet and Dan La Marche The Robert G. and Gloria R. Wallace Family Richard G. Lambert M.D. Foundation for Education Wells Fargo Bank

Our greatest gratitude to these major donors who have made a significant contribution to the future of science, engineering and medicine by supporting ARCS Scholars.

=The San Diego Foundation

= Fund managed by Union Bank

The above amounts include donations to the ARCS Scholarship and Endowment Funds. 5 ARCS® Scholars 2011-2012 $15,000 Fellowships: 1 $7,500 Scholar Awards: 46 $5,000 Graduate Scholar Awards: 8 $5,000 Undergraduate Scholar Award: 1

NAME DEGREE AREA OF CONCENTRATION SPECIALIZATION Katie Barott Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology Ocean Ecosystems Travis Cottage Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology Cardiovascular Disease, Cell Preservation Martis Cowles Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology Stem Cells, Neurodegenerative Disease Shirin Doroudgar Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology Heart Failure, Self-Renewing Cells Marcel Hetu Ph.D. Analytical Chemistry Cancer, Alzheimer’s Disease Manna Iwabuchi Ph.D. Analytical Chemistry Parkinson’s Disease, Disease Detection Megan Jennings Ph.D. Ecology Carnivores, Fire Martin Charles Kandes Ph.D. Computational Physics Improved Navigation Systems Lucie Nguyen Ph.D. Computational Science Statistics, Glaucoma Pearl Quijada Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology Stem Cells, Heart Injury Chelsea Rochman Ph.D. Ecology Plastics, Pollution Detection John Ruedas Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology Understanding Lethal Viruses Aleksandr Stotland Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology HIV, Hepatitis C Ginger Tsueng Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology Coxsackievirus, Immune System Stan Walls Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology Saturated Fats Robert Wilson Ph.D. Inorganic Chemistry Biomedical Imaging

Erin Anderson Ph.D. Organic Chemistry New Therapeutics Katharine Duncan Ph.D. Organic Chemistry Pain Relief, Stroke, Marijuana Laurie Gay Ph.D. Chemical & Biological Sciences Cancer, Blood Crystal Moran Gutierrez Ph.D. Biophysics Parkinson’s Disease Chris Martin Ph.D. Immunology Cancer Side Effects, Therapeutics Joseph Nagano Ph.D. Chemistry Drug-Like Molecules, Better Therapeutics Aaron Sather Ph.D. Organic Chemistry Uranium, Purifying Water Joshua Silverman Ph.D. Biophysics Cell Growth

Scholar Quote:

“Over the last couple of years, I have come across several outstanding current and former ARCS Scholars whose work is having a significant impact in their field and who are sure to become great scientists. One thing we as ARCS Scholars share is a personal awareness of the impact that ARCS funding has had on our lives.”

6 NAME DEGREE AREA OF CONCENTRATION SPECIALIZATION Jessica Buckley B.A./B.S. Mechanical Engineering Machines, Industry Lee Ann Hawkins Ph.D. Nursing Science Chronic Illness, Memory Catherina Madani Ph.D. Nursing Science Palliative Care, Nurse Burnout Christine Sloan Ph.D. Nursing Science Palliative Care, Pediatric Patients

Rebecca Asch Ph.D. Biological Oceanography Climate Change Aereas Aung Ph.D. Cellular Mechanics Muscle Development Patrick Blachly Ph.D. Physical Chemistry Anti-Malarial Drugs Garo Bournoutian Ph.D. Computer Science & Engineering Better Smartphones Phillip E. C. Compeau Ph.D. Mathematics Genome, Tree of Life Casey Conger Ph.D. Physics Universe Development Laura Connelly Ph.D. Materials Science & Engineering Alzheimer’s Disease Kathleen Fitzpatrick Ph.D. Biomedical Sciences HIV, Immune System Britt Flaherty Ph.D. Molecular Biology Algae, Renewable Energy Christine Frandsen Ph.D. Materials Science & Engineering Biomaterials, Orthopedic Implants Paul Frihauf Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering Nash Equilibrium, Game Theory Grantly R. Galland Ph.D. Marine Biology Conservation, Gulf of Mexico Cassandra Gaston Ph.D. Oceanography Oceans, Atmosphere, Particulate Material Matthew Gill Ph.D. Mathematics Geometric Analysis Alexander High Ph.D. Physics Faster Computers James Krieger Ph.D. Aeronautical Engineering Unmanned Aircraft, Military Dario Meluzzi Ph.D. Biochemistry Better Prevention, Better Diagnostics Morgan Nunn Ph.D. Chemistry Water, Solar System Janelle Shane Ph.D. Electrical Engineering Diabetes, Digestive Chemicals Christine Shulse Ph.D. Biological Sciences Heart-Healthy Fats William Sinko Ph.D. Biomedical Sciences Drug Discover Matthew de Stadler Ph.D. Engineering Sciences Ocean & Atmosphere, Climate Modeling Gordon Stephenson, Jr. Ph.D. Oceanography Ocean Warming Sharon E. Torigoe Ph.D. Biological Sciences DNA, Chromatin Ludovic Vincent Ph.D. Bioengineering Stem Cell Environment Katherine Walsh Ph.D. Mathematics Knot Theory Spencer Wei Ph.D. Biomedical Sciences Breast Tumors, Cancer Types Jennifer Young Ph.D. Bioengineering Tissue Stiffness, Stem Cells

Thanks to our Donors

The San Diego Chapter of ARCS Foundation, Inc. gratefully acknowledges the members and donors who volunteer their time and give generously of their resources. Without their understanding of the importance of planting trees (growing Scholars), we could not celebrate these 56 outstanding individuals.

7 ERIN ANDERSON REBECCA ASCH The Scripps Research Institute University of California, San Diego Kellogg School of Science and Technology Scripps Institution of Oceanography Degrees: Degrees: B.A. in Chemistry, M.S. in Oceanography, Illinois Wesleyan University University of Rhode Island B.A. in Anthropology, Smith College

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: The Reuben H. Fleet Foundation Fund ARCS Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Erin Anderson is researching the scope of the inverse electron Rebecca is investigating changes in the seasonal timing in 43 demand Diels-Alder (EDDA) reaction of 1,2,3-triazines to species of fish spawn using a unique dataset that has surveyed determine how well a given compound undergoes a specific California waters over the past 60 years. Climate change is chemical transformation, assessing if this reaction works well modifying seasonal patterns of ecosystems around the world, enough to be added to a “chemical toolbox” for making leading to the earlier onset of spring conditions and a delayed pharmaceuticals. Through rigorous examination Erin has shown start of fall. Fish production is affected by the temporal that 1,2,3-triazines participate readily in this reaction to form a coincidence between spawning and upwelling, which results in plethora of highly substituted molecules. Erin enjoys running enhanced primary production. When there is a mismatch and hiking and is presently learning to cook. between these events, young-of-year fish may exhibit lower survival and growth. Rebecca enjoys walking and hiking. Benefits to Society: In the search for new therapeutics, many small molecule Benefits to Society: natural products are being investigated for their biological Of the 43 fish species examined by Rebecca, 11 are commer- properties. Central to such studies is the need for novel cially important to fisheries with a combined value of $31.6 synthetic methodology to permit the preparation of both the million for ex-vessel landings. Other fish species are natural products and their analogs. The inverse electron ecologically important because they serve as prey for demand Diels Alder reaction has come to be recognized as an endangered and threatened species of marine mammals and extremely useful reaction due to its ability to form a variety of seabirds. One way through which climate change may impact highly substituted molecules. This reaction has also been these fishes is by altering the seasonal timing of spawning. demonstrated catalytically in order to maximize its Many fishes have evolved to spawn when spring temperatures effectiveness. The optimization of this reaction allows organic surpass a certain level. The timing of spawning often coincides chemists to gain access to an efficient synthetic route to with periods when there is an abundant supply of plankton to differentially substituted molecules. feed the offspring of fishes. During some years, there is a mismatch in these events, in which fishes spawn either before Awards and Honors: or after the abundance of plankton peaks. During those years, Novartis Graduate Fellowship in Chemical Sciences for the survival of young fishes is often poor, negatively affecting Minorities and Women the viability of fisheries. Since each species of plankton and fish Undergraduate Award for Excellence in Chemistry may respond differently to climate change, global warming Harold C. Hodges President’s Club Award in Natural Science could lead to increased mismatches between the timing of fish reproduction and plankton blooms, with negative Illinois Heartland American Chemical Society Collegiate Scholar consequences for communities that depend on fisheries. Iota Sigma Pi Awards and Honors: Publications and Posters: California Sea Grant Anderson, E. D.; Boger, D. L. Inverse Electron Demand Dr. Nancy Foster Scholarship Diels–Alder Reactions of 1,2,3-Triazines: Pronounced Substituent Effects on Reactivity and Cycloaddition Scope. J. Joint Trawl Award Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 12285-12292. John A. Knauss Marine Policy Fellowship

Anderson, E. D.; Boger, D. L. Scope of the Inverse Electron MacMillan Fellowship in Fisheries Oceanography Demand Diels–Alder Reactions of 1,2,3-Triazine. Org. Lett. Publications and Posters: 2011, 13, 2492-2494. Davison, P.; Asch, R.G. Plastic ingestion by mesopelagic fishes Anderson, E. D.; Ernat, J. J.; Nguyen, M. P.; Palma, A. C.; in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Marine Ecology Progress Mohan, R. S.; Environment Friendly Organic Synthesis Using Series 2011, 432, 173-180. Bismuth Compounds. An Efficient Method for Carbonyl-Ene Checkley Jr., D.M.; Dickson, A.G.; Takahashi, M.; Radich, J.A.; Reactions Catalyzed by Bismuth Triflate. Tetrahedron Lett. 2006, Eisenkolb, N.; Asch, R. Elevated CO2 enhances otolith growth in 46, 7747-7750. young fish. Science 2009, 324, 1683.

8 AEREAS AUNG KATIE BAROTT University of California, San Diego San Diego State University Jacobs School of Engineering College of Sciences Degrees: Degrees: B.S. in Bioengineering, University of B.S. in Biochemistry and Molecular California, San Diego Biology, Michigan State University B.S. in Zoology, Michigan State University

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Routh Family Foundation ARCS Endowment About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Aereas is researching the role of cell-matrix interactions during Katie has always been fascinated by the ocean and the amazing the differentiation of stem cells. Improved understanding of this diversity of organisms that live beneath its tumultuous surface. “mechano-biology” of stem cells will establish an added Her research focuses on the mechanisms of competition dimension which also must be accounted for to better harness between corals and seaweeds to understand how disturbances the regenerative potential of stem cells. Aereas enjoys reading like pollution, overfishing and climate change affect them. By and listening to music and he would like to learn how to play understanding the mechanisms behind coralalgal phase shifts, the violin. she hopes to implement management strategies to avoid algal Benefits to Society: domination of coral reefs. Her hope is by raising appreciation of the unique value of coral reef ecosystems it will become a By initially understanding the fusion process between muscle priority to protect these fragile areas. Katie enjoys sailing with precursor cells, we can gain insight into how the natural friends on her sailboat. process of muscle development should occur. This will serve as a strong foundation to further understand muscle homeostasis, Benefits to Society: cell-transplantation-based repair and regeneration, and Coral reefs in particular are among the most biologically degenerative diseases by varying the cell types that are diverse ecosystems on the planet. Sadly, they are under analyzed with this method. In this manner, we can, in the threat by a complex matrix of human activity. These dis- future, comprehend how diseased or aged muscle cells deviate turbances have led to blooms of seaweeds that overrun corals from the natural fusion process, giving immeasurable clinical and lead to structural deterioration of the reef. Katie intends insights into the restoration or maintenance of muscle health. to increase appreciation of the unique and diverse values of Awards and Honors: coral reef ecosystems so that protection of these fragile areas becomes a priority. Robert C. Byrd Scholarship Awards and Honors: REU Summer Research Award NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Summer Research Scholarship, California Institute of Technology Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship Tau Beta Pi MSU Cole Excellence Award Publications and Posters: National Merit Scholarship Aung, A.; Gupta, G.; Ghassemian, M.; Varghese, S. Sea Time: Osteoarthritic chondrocyte-secreted morphogens induce Northern Line Islands, Central Pacific, 2010, M/Y Hanse Explorer chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem – 28 days cells. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2011, 63, 148-158. Pacific Remote Island Areas, NOAA RAMP Cruise, 2010, R/V Ayala, R.; Zhang, C.; Yang, D.; Aung, A.; Hwang, Y.S.; Shroff, Hi’ialikai – 23 days S.S.; Arce, F.T.; Lal, R.; Arya, G.; Varghese, S. Engineering the Southern Line Islands, Central Pacific, 2009, M/Y Hanse cell-material interface for controlling stem cell adhesion, Explorer – 31 days migration, and differentiation. Biomaterials 2011, 32, 3700-3711. Publications and Posters: Lim, H.L.; Chuang, J.C.; Tran, T.; Aung, A.; Arya, G.; Varghese, S. Barott, K.; Rodriquez-Brito, B.; Youle, M.; Marhaver K.; Vermeij, Dynamic Electromechanical Hydrogel Matrices for Stem Cell M.; Smith, J.; Rohwer, F. Microbial to reef scale interactions Culture. Advanced Functional Materials 2010, 21, 55-63. between the reef-building coral Montastraea annularis and benthic algae. (In review) Zhang, C.; Aung, A.; Liao, L.; and Varghese, S. A novel single precursor-based biodegradable hydrogel with enhanced Barott, K.; Lipson, D. Diversity of Fe(III) reducers and uncultured mechanical properties. Soft Matter 2009, 5, 3831-3834. Archaea and Bacteria in an Arctic peat soil: Implications for anaerobic processes. (In review)

9 PATRICK BLACHLY GARO BOURNOUTIAN University of California, San Diego University of California, San Diego Physical Sciences Jacobs School of Engineering Degrees: Degrees: M.S. in Chemistry, University of M.S. in Computer Science, University of California, San Diego California, San Diego B.A. in Chemistry, Grinnell College B.S. in Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego Scholar Sponsors: B.S. in Cognitive Neuroscience, University The Donald C. & Elizabeth M. Dickinson Foundation of California, San Diego Scholar Sponsors: About the Scholar: Collins Companies, Diane & Ty Miller Pat is investigating a protein vital to the survival of malaria- causing parasites. By understanding the structure of this About the Scholar: protein, small molecules can be designed that are able to bind Garo is investigating faster and more efficient processors for to the drug target. The atoms that comprise the small molecule smartphones. More specifically, he is investigating the are chosen to optimally interact with specific atoms on the architectural-level of chip design and identifying ways to target protein. This work can be done in collaboration with cell improve execution speed and lower power consumption with biologists to test whether the proposed drugs actually kill the an initial focus on the processor’s cache hierarchy, which malarial parasite. His computer-aided drug design cuts down largely impacts chips’ power and area footprint. Improving the the time and efforts needed to predict the structures of drugs memory hierarchy can speed up computations by insuring for binding to a specific target. Pat enjoys water sports and has instructions are readily available locally to the processor. Garo played collegiate polo. enjoys hiking, biking and recreational flying. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: Broadly speaking, Pat’s research will help to improve the Benefits include faster and greater functionality of smartphones efficiency and accuracy of computational drug design and mobile devices. Garo’s work optimizes processor protocols, which in turn should help streamline the early speed and improves the battery life of devices. phases of drug development. More specifically, Pat’s work in Awards and Honors: trying to develop inhibitors for proteins vital to the function of malarial-causing parasites and bacteria may help in the UCSD Summer Graduate Teaching Fellow discovery of potent anti-malarial and anti-bacterial drugs. Center for Teaching Development Departmental TA Awards and Honors: Excellence Award NIH Molecular Biophysics Training Grant Oceanids Leadership Service Award Tau Beta Pi Publications and Posters: Blachly, P.G.; Francisco J.S. A theoretical study of reaction of Publications and Posters: OH radicals with Cysteine and Homocysteine. J. Phys. Chem. A. Bournoutian, G.; Orailoglu, A. Dynamic, multi-core cache (In Progress). coherence architecture for power-sensitive mobile processors. Proc. of the Int'l Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign Williams, S.L.;* Blachly, P.G.;* McCammon, J.A. Measuring the and System Synthesis, Taipei, Taiwan, 2011. successes and deficiencies of constant pH molecular dynamics: A blind prediction study. Prot. Struct. Funct. Bioinf. Bournoutian, G.; Orailoglu, A. Dynamic, non-linear cache 2011. (In print). (* co-first authors) architecture for power-sensitive mobile processors. Proc. of the Int'l Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Liessmann, M.; Hansmann, B.; Blachly, P.G.; Francisco, J.S, Synthesis, Scottsdale, AZ, 2010. Abel, B. Primary steps in the reaction of OH radicals with biomolecules at low temperatures: Perspectives from Bournoutian, G.; Orailoglu, A. 2010. Reducing impact of cache experiment and theory. J. Phys. Chem. A. 2009, 113, 7570-7575. miss stalls in embedded systems by extracting guaranteed independent instructions. Journal Design Automation for Blachly, P.G.; McCammon, J.A. Moving forward with constant Embedded Systems, 2010 July 23, 1-18. pH molecular dynamics: Enhancing sampling with oscillating accelerated molecular dynamics, 2011 International Conference Bournoutian, G.; Orailoglu, A. 2009. Reducing impact of cache on Biophysics, La Jolla, CA.; June 2011. miss stalls in embedded systems by extracting guaranteed independent instructions. Proc. of the Int'l Conference on Blachly P.G.; Hernandez-Soto, H. Theoretical study of the Compilers, Architecture, and Synthesis for Embedded Systems, propensities of magnesium and calcium silicates to act as Grenoble, 2009. surfaces, 237th American Chemical Society National Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, March 2009.

10 JESSICA BUCKLEY PHILLIP E. C. COMPEAU University of San Diego University of California, San Diego Engineering Program Physical Sciences Degrees: M.A. in Pure Mathematics, University of California, San Diego Master of Advanced Study in Mathematics, Cambridge University Scholar Sponsors: B.S. in Mathematics, Davidson College Bob & Pat Whalen, ARCS Foundation Scholar Sponsors: About the Scholar: ARCS Foundation Jessica is pursuing research that analyzes the kinematics and About the Scholar: optimization of straight-line mechanisms. The Peaucellier Phillip is researching the mathematical side of genome Mechanism, the center of the study, turns rotational motion phylogeny, which, broadly speaking, is the attempted into linear motion, necessarily creating a perfectly straight line reconstruction of an “evolutionary tree of life” from the by its geometry. The goal of this research has been to create genomes of modern-day organisms. His goal is to advance the the longest possible line at a relatively constant speed by understanding of how our planet’s biodiversity has risen varying the ratio of link lengths that make up this mechanism through millions of years and our place within that system. and to observe the effects of changing its configuration. This Phillip was once a professionally ranked tennis player, and now project will enable standards to be created of the size of the is an avid golfer. mechanism based on the desired output motion, which will be useful in situations requiring perfectly straight lines, such as Benefits to Society: precision engine piston motion and guiding operations The human genome was sequenced in 2001 at a cost of $3 performed on a mechanized assembly line. In her spare time, billion (and led to an economic boom whose value has Jessica enjoys sailing, windsurfing, and playing rugby. surpassed $500 billion). In the ten years since this monumental Benefits to Society: event, several more mammalian genomes have been sequenced at an exponentially decreasing cost. The Genome With the constant drive to maximize production and efficiency, 10K Project, founded in 2009, aims to sequence 10,000 animal the natural goal of mechanism research is optimization: how genomes to create a "zoo" of genomes. With each genome can smaller machines do more work as quickly as possible containing billions of nucleotides, the most advanced analytic and for as long as possible? By optimizing a mechanism such techniques will need to be available in order to examine the as the Peaucellier Mechanism, industry standards can be data deriving from tens of trillions of nucleotides and created to find the optimal relationships between mechanism more fully understand the history of the planet's biodiversity. parts and output stroke or line length. The Peaucellier Mechanism is currently being used to guide pistons in some Awards and Honors: diesel engines, and assembly line production is another good Thomas Smith Scholarship application of the mechanism: as parts move along a Phi Beta Kappa conveyor belt at a constant velocity, a properly optimized Peaucellier Mechanism can guide other mechanisms to Publications and Posters: operate on the parts at the same velocity. The use of an exact Compeau, P.E.C.; Pevzner, P.; and Tesler, G.P. Why are de Bruijn straight-line mechanism is most beneficial when the Graphs useful for genome assembly? Nature Biotechnology. In mechanism is fully optimized. Revision.

Awards and Honors: Compeau, P.E.C.; Pevzner, P. Genome reconstruction: A puzzle Academic Excellence, Mechanical Engineering with a billion pieces. Chapter appearing in Bioinformatics for Tau Alpha Zeta Biologists (textbook). Expected publication September 2011. Pi Tau Sigma Compeau, P.E.C. Girth of pancake graphs. Discrete Applied Publications and Posters: Mathematics 2011, 159 (15), 1641-1645. Buckley, Jessica. An Investigation Into Straight-Line Heyer, L.J.; Poet, J.L.; Broderick, M.L.; Compeau, P.E.C.; Dickson, Mechanisms: Optimizing the Peaucellier Mechanism; National J.O.; Harden, W. L. Bacterial computing: Using E. coli to solve Conference on Undergraduate Research: Ithaca, NY, 2011. the burnt pancake problem. Math Horizons 2010, 17(3), 5-10.

11 CASEY CONGER LAURA CONNELLY University of California, San Diego University of California, San Diego Physical Sciences Jacobs School of Engineering Degrees: Degrees: M.S. in Physics, University of California, B.S. in Materials Science and Engineering, San Diego Cornell University B.A. in Physics, Cornell University M.S. in Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Scholar Sponsors: San Diego Beyster Family Foundation Fund Scholar Sponsors: About the Scholar: Ellen Browning Scripps Foundation Casey is studying slight fluctuations and variations of radiation About the Scholar: throughout the Cosmic Microwave Background. These slight Laura is studying the structure of proteins associated with variations are hypothesized to be the fluctuations of energy neurodegenerative diseases, specifically the amyloid beta fields in the early universe. Since these variations took place on peptide seen in Alzheimer’s disease. Through the use of atomic such a small scale, they need to be explained by quantum field force microscopy, she is identifying changes in the mechanical theory, physicists’ best theory to explain the behavior of matter and structural properties of specifically mutated forms of on very small scales. Cosmology holds very deep questions amyloid beta. The findings from these studies may directly that only recently have begun to be critically explored and influence the design and development of therapeutic tested. Casey admits that physics occupies most of his time, interventions to control or prevent amyloid beta-related although he does enjoy reading. diseases. In addition, she is implementing microscopy design Benefits to Society: improvements to better observe the properties and behavior of Physics has done an extremely good job describing the world amyloid beta and other proteins of interest. Laura plays on a as we see it now; Cosmology, however, attempts to explain soccer team, enjoys running and has recently taken up surfing. how the universe got to the state in which we currently see it. Benefits to Society: Until very recently, Cosmology has largely been metascience, The benefits to society from Laura’s research are widespread overflowing with theories and no way to test them. But and significant. The information provided by her studies will physicists are in the dawn of a precision age in Cosmology, directly aid the development of therapeutics for Alzheimer's where they now have accurate data to discriminate against and disease. The aim of her research is to provide vital information rule out different theories. Therefore, while Casey’s research will on the toxic mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease, thereby not help us build a better iPod or let cars get 200 miles to the facilitating the design and development of drugs to specifically gallon, it is instead investigating a very deep question, which target these mechanisms. Laura’s work will promote due to recent experiments, has only begun to be critically advancements in diagnosis and prevention and will provide a explored and tested. greater understanding of disease symptoms. The findings of Awards and Honors: these studies may also have relevance to other neurological Fellowship for Excellence in Physics diseases including Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. The Benson Leister Scholarship The National Science and Mathematics Access to Retain Talent Awards and Honors: Grant National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship John and Elizabeth Holmes Teas Scholarship Powell Fellowship Lane Granville B. Memorial Scholarship UCSD Gordon Scholar Robert W. and Ann M. Emery Endowed Scholarship Publications and Posters: Donald L. and Ellen Eberly Endowed Scholarship in Science Capone, R.; Jang, H.; Kotler,S.; Connelly, L.; Arce-Teran, F.; Publications and Posters: Ramachandran, S.; Kagan, B.; Nussinov, R.; Lal, R. All- DEnantiomer of Beta-Amyloid Peptide forms ion channels in Chen, K.; Cole, J.; Conger, C.; Draskovic, J.; Lohr, M.; Klein, K.; lipid bilayers. Biophys. J. (submitted) Scheidemantel, T.; Schiffer, P. Granular materials: packing grains by thermal cycling. Nature 2006, 442. Brammer, K.S.; Kim, H.; Noh, K.; Loya, M.; Frandsen, C.J.; Chen, L.; Connelly, L.S.; Jin, S. Highly Bioactive 8 nm Hydrothermal tio2 Nanotubes Elicit enhanced bone cell response. Adv. Eng. Mat. 2011, 13(3), B88-B94.

12 TRAVIS COTTAGE MARTIS COWLES San Diego State University San Diego State University College of Sciences College of Sciences Degrees: Degrees: M.S. in Biology, San Diego State B.S in Biology, San Diego State University University B.S. in Biology, San Diego State University

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: ARCS Foundation Ellen Browning Scripps Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Travis is researching telomeres, the ends of chromosomes that Martis is researching the regenerative capacity of the planarian protect important DNA from damage; they consist of DNA and Schmidtea mediterranea to model stem cell-based nervous several molecules that regulate telomere length. Telomere system regeneration. Planariansare flatworms are well known length acts as a “cellular clock” that tells the cell when its for their ability to regenerate all tissue types, including the telomeres have become too short for the cell to divide. nervous system, following amputation or injury. Martis is also Understanding the mechanism of telomere shortening can lead investigating molecular mechanisms underlying planarian stem to methods of preserving telomere length, subsequently cell differentiation into various neuronal fates during tissue maintaining a more youthful cell type. Telomere preservation homeostasis and regeneration. This study will provide insights can function as a “fountain of youth,” allowing cells to repair into the basic mechanisms that underlie basic stem cell-based damage by preventing age-associated cardiovascular disease. tissue replacement and prove useful in treating neuro- Travis enjoys playing golf and spending time with his dog. degenerative diseases. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: Telomere length regulation acts as a “cellular clock” which tells Neurogenesis was once believed to only occur during the cell when its telomeres have become too short for the cell development, but adult neurogenesis has now been observed to divide. The overall goal of this research is to develop in most animals (including humans). This new appreciation methods to preserve a cardiac cells telomere, allowing these holds promise for the development of stem cell-based cells to have a more youthful phenotype. Cells with longer therapies to treat neurodegenerative diseases or spinal cord telomeres have the ability to proliferate more, making them injuries. attractive tools for myocardial regeneration after a heart attack. Awards and Honors: In addition, this research provides mechanistic details that will be important in understanding the aging process and cancer Best Student Poster Award, Society for Developmental Biology progression. Regional Meeting Awards and Honors: President’s Award, San Diego State University Student Research Symposium Inamori Fellow 2nd Place, California Student Research Competition Rees-Stealy Research Fellow Publications and Posters: American Heart Association Pre-Doctoral Fellowship Cowles, M.W.; Hubert, A.; Zayas, R.M. A Lissencephaly-1-like Harry E. Hamber Memorial Scholarship gene is required for mitotic progression in the planarian Phi Kappa Phi Schmidtea mediterranea. (In preparation).

Publications and Posters: Cowles, M.W.; Hubert, A.; Zayas, R.M. A Lissencephaly-1-like Sussman, M.A.; Völkers, M.; Fischer, K.; Bailey, B.; Cottage, C.T.; gene is required for stem cell maintenance in the planarian Din, S.; Gude, N.; Avitabile, D.; Alvarez, R.; Sundararaman, B.; Schmidtea mediterranea, 70th Society for Developmental Quijada, P.; Mason, M.; Konstandin, M.H.; Malhowski, A.; Biology Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL.; July 21-25, 2011. Cheng, Z.; Khan, M.; McGregor, M. Myocardial AKT: The Cowles, M.W.; Hubert, A.; Zayas, R.M. A planarian ortholog of Omnipresent Nexus. Physiol Rev. 2011, 91(3), 1023-1070. Lissencephaly-1 is required for stem cell maintenance. San Avitabile, D.; Gude, N.; Cottage, C.T.; Mason, M.; Zaraby, A.; Diego State University Student Research Symposium, Abs. Sundararaman, B.; Cheng, Z.; Din, S.; Truffa, S.; Alvarez, R.; #466, San Diego, CA. March 4-5, 2011. Fischer, K.; Sussman, M.A. Nucleolar stress is an early response Cowles, M.W.; Zayas, R.M. Identification and functional analysis to pathological insults in the heart: role of the nucleolar of neuronal migration genes in planarians. San Diego State proteins Nucleostemin and Nucleophosmin. Proceeding of the University Student Research Symposium, Abs. #362, San National Academy of Science 2011, 108(15), 6145-6150. Diego, CA. March 5-6, 2010.

13 SHIRIN DOROUDGAR KATHARINE DUNCAN San Diego State University The Scripps Research Institute College of Sciences Kellogg School of Science and Technology Degrees: Degrees: B.S. in Molecular Biology, University of B.A. in Chemistry, Amherst College California, San Diego

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Lynne Martin, Mrs. Homer Peabody, Jr., ARCS Foundation Betty Jo & Hal Williams About the Scholar: About the Scholar: The active ingredient of marijuana, tetrahydrocannabinol, THC, Shirin is studying how to prevent and treat heart failure using mimics the action of naturally occurring molecules of the body molecular and biochemical techniques. Stimulating the heart’s in response to pain stimulus. This research aims to find a way own repair-promoting proteins may be one effective strategy to to exploit the endocannabinoid system to produce effective, induce cardiac repair. This investigation identifies and long-lasting relief from pain without the adverse and characterizes cellular contributor pathways that ultimately will psychotropic side effects. The regulation of endocannabinoids result in developing therapeutic targets and decreasing has the potential for management of pain, anxiety, sleep cardiovascular-related deaths. Shirin hopes to continue disorders, epilepsy, stroke, and chronic inflammatory disorders. teaching, as well as pursue research as an independent Katherine enjoys outside activities and is a member of a scientist. Her favorite outdoor activity is hiking. Her hobbies are kickball team. dancing and playing the violin. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: The origin of marijuana’s potency as a homeopathic, and highly Heart failure, also called congestive heart failure, is a condition controversial, medicine is that the active ingredient delta- 9- in which the heart can no longer pump enough blood to the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) mimics the action of similar rest of the body. Heart failure is the eventual outcome of a naturally occurring molecules (endocannabinoids) produced by number of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attack and the body in response to pain stimulus. But in addition to high blood pressure. Nearly 5 million Americans are currently decreasing sensitivity to pain, THC causes a number of other living with congestive heart failure. More than half of those side effects as it activates signaling pathways in other parts of who develop congestive heart failure die within five years of the body and brain, including cognitive and motor dysfunction, diagnosis. Cardiovascular disease is the number one killer in anxiety, and increased heart rate and blood pressure. The aim the US, claiming about 900,000 lives each year. Understanding of Katharine’s research is to find a way to exploit the survival and regenerative pathways in the heart will give us the endocannabinoid system to produce effective, long-lasting opportunity to target these pathways and enhance cardiac relief from pain without the adverse and psychotropic side survival and output, therefore decreasing cardiovascular-related effects. The goal is to modulate the concentrations of these deaths. endocannabinoids, thus increasing their effects in a variety of Awards and Honors: physiological processes including mood, memory, appetite, and pain sensation. National Science Foundation Research Grant Awards and Honors: American Heart Association Predoctoral Fellow Forris Jewett Moore Fellowship Rees-Stealy Research Fellow Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation Graduate Inamori Scholar Student Fellowship Phi Kappa Phi The Scripps Research Institute Dean’s Fellowship Publications and Posters: American Institute of Chemists Prize Doroudgar, S.; Thuerauf, D.J.; Volkers, M.; Muller, O.J.; Publications and Posters: Sussman, M.A.; Glembotski, C.C. Synoviolin is a novel central regulator of endoplasmic reticulum stress and protein quality Beguin, C.; Duncan, K. K.; Munro, T.A.; Xu, W.; Liu-Chen, L. Y.; control in the heart. (In preparation). Carlezon, W. A.; Jr.; Cohen, B.M. Synthesis and in vitro pharmacological evaluation of salvinorin A analogues: Doroudgar, S.; Glembotski C.C.; Cell-cell communication. (Book modification of the furan ring. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2009, 17(3), chapter in Muscle: Fundamental Biology and Mechanisms of 1370. Disease (In press). Munro, T. A.; Duncan, K. K.; Xu, W.; Wang, Y.; Liu-Chen, L-Y.; Doroudgar, S.; Glembotski, C.C. The cardiokine story unfolds: Carlezon, W. A. Jr.; Cohen, B. M.; Béguin C. Standard Protecting Ischemic stress-induced protein secretion in the heart. Trends Groups Create Potent and Selective Kappa Opioids: Salvinorin Mol Med. 2011, 17(4), 207-14. B Alkoxymethyl Ethers. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2008, 16(3), 1279.

14 KATHLEEN FITZPATRICK BRITT FLAHERTY University of California, San Diego University of California, San Diego School of Medicine Division of Biological Sciences Degrees: Degrees: B.S. in Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, B.A. in Biological Chemistry, Grinnell Biology, and History, College University of Wisconsin, Madison

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Kenneth & Marjorie Blanchard ARCS Endowment About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Kathleen is studying HIV and how the immune system reacts to Britt is studying the blue-green algae Cyanobacteria that utilize infection. Her work specifically focuses on understanding the the sun’s energy to grow. Cyanobacteria have evolved over component that can prevent the spread of infection by billions of years and now produce a uniquely large array of tethering viruses to the surface of infected cells. HIV contains a compounds that are in high demand. These compounds can be factor that disrupts the tethering activity, allowing release and used as renewable chemicals or can be easily used as a source spread of infection. By understanding how the body naturally of energy. To engineer Cyanobacteria to produce biofuels and tries to contain infection, we will understand the potential renewable chemicals on a large scale, they must be made to points of weakness in the viral replication cycle. Kathleen is an grow faster, produce more of the compound of interest, and be avid road cyclist. resistant to infections by other outdoor organisms. The goal is Benefits to Society: to make an even stronger and better species of Cyanobacteria for fuel production. Britt is an avid runner, enjoys teaching By understanding more about the way the body naturally tries others about science and contributing to science blogs. to contain an infection, scientists understand more about potential points of weakness in the viral replication cycle. Benefits to Society: Researchers can potentially use this information to design Britt works to outline how genes function in an organism that therapeutics to enhance this interaction. Additionally, it is has highly conserved pathways amongst blue-green algae. This important to understand the context of this molecular tether in work will be either directly or indirectly applied to develop an uninfected individual and its global use in the immune strains of Cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae that produce system so potential side effects of drugs designed to modify biofuel and renewable chemicals, thus decreasing our this protein are fully understood. dependence on oil and improving our environment. Awards and Honors: Awards and Honors: California HIV/AIDS Research Dissertation Scholar Tyler Dylan Award Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections Young Alumni Donor Award for Graduate Work Investigator National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Publications and Posters: UCSD Cellular and Molecular Genetics Fellow Fitzpatrick, K.; Skasko, M.A.; Deerink, T.J.; Crum, J.; Ellisman, Graduate fellowship for academic excellence with full stipend M.H.; Guatelli, J.C. Direct restriction of virus release by and tuition incorporation of the Interferon-induced protein BST-2 into HIV-1 Grinnell College Trustee Honor Scholar particles. PLoS Pathog. 2010, 6(3), e1000701. Partial Tuition and Board for Academic Achievement Tokarev, A.; Skasko, M.; Fitzpatrick, K.; Guatelli, J. Antiviral Publications and Posters: activity of the Interferon-Induced cellular protein BST- 2/Tetherin. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 2009, Flaherty, B.; et al. Directional RNA deep sequencing sheds new 25(12). light on the transcriptional response of Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 to combined-nitrogen deprivation. BMC Genomics Mitchell, R.S.; Katsura, C.; Skasko, M.A.; Fitzpatrick, K.; Lau, D.; 2011, 12, 1, 332. Ruiz, A.; Stephens, E.B.; Margottin-Goguet, F.; Benarous, R.; Guatelli, J.C. Vpu antagonizes BST-2-mediated restriction of HIV- Flaherty, B.; Golden, J,W. Transcriptional regulation of 1 release via beta-TrCP and endolysosomal trafficking. PLoS Anabaena heterocyst development, 10th Annual Cyanobacterial Pathog. 2009, 5(5). Genetics Workshop, Lake Arrowhead, CA; 2010.

Schmitz, R.J.; Hong, L.; Fitzpatrick, K.E.; Amasino, R.M.; DICER- LIKE 1 and DICER-LIKE 3 redundantly act to promote flowering via repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetics 2007, 176(2), 1359-62.

15 CHRISTINE FRANDSEN PAUL FRIHAUF University of California, San Diego University of California, San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering Degrees: Degrees: M.S. in Materials Science and M.S. in Systems Science and Engineering, Engineering, University of California, San Washington University Diego B.S. in Systems Science and Engineering, B.S. in Chemical Engineering, University Washington University of California, Santa Barbara Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Hervey Family Fund The Reuben H. Fleet Foundation Fund About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Paul is researching the development of algorithms to solve Christine Frandsen is researching the use of nanotechnology optimization problems with competing objectives. Standard for both biomedical and energy applications. Her focus is the techniques for solving these problems require a mathematical synthesis, characterization and applications of nano/bio model of the system, where his algorithms do not. Thus non- materials, such as titanium oxide and zirconium oxide model-based approach allows him to find solutions to nanotube array coatings that can be grown on the surface of optimization problems even when the system model is titanium or zirconium substrates. The potential applications of unknown or highly uncertain. Paul is a sports enthusiast and these and similar surface coatings range from advanced bone enjoys playing baseball and basketball. implant biomaterials and drug-eluding implants to highly Benefits to Society: efficient solar cells. Christine’s other interests are biking, reading and playing the piano. This research allows for the real-time optimization of increasingly complex engineering systems since the extremum Benefits to Society: seeking approach does not require system models, which may While much advancement has been made in the area of be difficult to obtain. Thus, the operation of complex, uncertain biomaterials for bone implants, there is still ample room for systems can be made less conservative and overall system improvement. Christine expects that her research regarding performance improved. advanced bone implants will provide society with safer, more Awards and Honors: stable, and much improved alternative implant materials. In addition, there is a well-recognized energy shortage all over the Best Presentation Award, American Control Conference world that could be solved by the invention of a highly efficient National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellow method of energy production from renewable sources. Dean's Award for Outstanding Scholastic Achievement Christine anticipates that the solar cell project will contribute to Greg Sullivan Professional Achievement Award the advancement of this technology and lead to reliable, less expensive energy resources for future generations. Outstanding Academic Achievement Award Awards and Honors: Mathematical Competition in Modeling; Meritorious Winner Powell Fellowship Antoinette Frances Dames Award Publications and Posters: Tau Beta Pi Frandsen, C.J.; Noh, K.; Brammer, K.S.; Jin, S. Hybrid micro- Publications and Posters: /nano-topography of a TiO2 nanotube-coated commercial Frihauf, P.; Krstic, M.; Basar, T. Nash equilibrium seeking in zirconia femoral knee implant promotes bone cell adhesion in noncooperative games, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control. In Review vitro. (In preparation 2011) Frihauf, P.; Krstic, M.; Rafac, R. J.; Krstic, M.; Laser pulse Frandsen, C.J.; Brammer, K.S.; Noh, K.; Connelley, L.; Chen, shaping via extremum seeking, Control Engineering Practice. In L.H.; Jin, S. Zirconium oxide nanotube surface prompts Review increased osteoblast functionality and mineralization. Materials Frihauf P.; Krstic, M. Leader-enabled deployment onto planar Science and Engineering: C (Article in Press, August 2011) curves: A PDE-based approach, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control 2011, Noh, K.; Brammer, K.S.; Choi, C.; Kim, S.H.; Frandsen, C.J.; Jin, 56, 8, 1791-1806. S. A new nano-platform for drug release via nanotubular Frihauf, P.; Krstic, M.; Basar, T. Nash equilibrium seeking for aluminum oxide. J. of Biomater and Nanobiotech 2011, 2(3). dynamic systems with non-quadratic payoffs, 18th World Brammer, K.S.; Frandsen, C.J.; Jin, S. The influence of Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control, nanostructured materials on cells. Invited Review by Trends in Milano, Italy, Aug 28-Sept 2, 2011. Biotechnology. (Submitted, March 2011)

16 GRANTLY GALLAND CASSANDRA GASTON University of California, San Diego University of California, San Diego Scripps Institution of Oceanography Scripps Institution of Oceanography Degrees: Degrees: M.S. in Oceanography, University of B.A. in Environmental Chemistry, California, San Diego University of California, San Diego B.S. in Marine Ecology, University of Georgia B.S. in Biology, University of California, San Diego Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: ARCS Foundation Richard & Patty Elkus, ARCS Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Grant’s research focuses on the relationships between rocky Cassandra is researching the chemistry of particles emitted to reef cryptic fish communities in the Gulf of California, Gulf the marine atmosphere from both natural sources (such as the oceanography and human populations. He strives to ocean) and from man-made sources (such as ships) in order to understand the ecology and conservation strategies of rapid link the chemistry of these particles with their impact on cloud population growth, dependence on natural resource harvesting formation in the marine atmosphere. Particles emitted to the and natural wealth. By learning the consequences of the atmosphere play important, yet poorly understood, roles by declining numbers of certain fish that are not captured by any contributing to air pollution, adverse human health effects and fishery, yet are rapidly declining, he hopes to raise awareness global climate change. Cassandra enjoys yoga, pilates and and reduce these losses. He enjoys watching Georgia football swimming in her spare time. and other sports. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: The ability to accurately predict how much global The small fishes Grant is studying, though not targeted or temperatures may rise due to global climate change is captured as bycatch by any fishery, are declining at worrisome currently hindered by the uncertain influence that particles rates. He is working to understand the causes and conse- play in influencing global temperatures. Cassandra’s work quences of such losses and hopes to communicate his findings aims to help reduce some of this uncertainty by constraining to local and regional stakeholders in Mexico. the chemical composition and cloud formation properties of Awards and Honors: particles found in the marine atmosphere. By reducing the uncertain influence, scientist can more accurately predict how Rosenblatt Fellow in Systematic Ichthyology both global and regional temperatures will change in warming Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation Fellow climate as well as predict how precipitation intensity and International Union for Conservation of Nature Research Fellow frequency might also change. This is key for thinking about how to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. National Science Foundation IGERT Fellow University of Georgia Institute of Ecology Undergraduate Awards and Honors: Award, Best Poster American Geophysical Union Outstanding Student Paper Award University of Georgia Charter Scholar San Diego Graduate Fellowship Georgia Scholar UC Regents Graduate Fellowship Byrd Scholar UC San Diego Provost’s Honors Publications and Posters: Publications and Posters: Galland, G.R. 2011. Comments on Microhabitat Specialization Gaston, C.J.; Furutani, H.; Guazzotti, S.A.; Coffee, K.R.; Bates, and a Depth Range Extension for a Chaenopsid Tube Blenny in T.S.; Quinn, P.K.; Aluwihare, L.I.; Mitchell, B.G.; Prather, K.A. the Gulf of California, Mexico. Bulletin of the Southern Unique ocean-derived particles serve as a proxy for changes in California Academy of Sciences. (In press). ocean chemistry. Journal of Geophysical Research- [Atmospheres]. (In press). Aburto-Oropeza, O.; Erisman, B.E.; Galland, G.R.; Mascareñas- Osorio, I.; Sala, E.; Ezcurra, E. Large recovery of fishbiomass in Ault, A.P.; Williams, C.R.; White, A.B.; Neiman, P.J.; Creamean, a no-take reserve. PLOS One 2011, 6(8): e23601. J.M.; Gaston, C.J.; Ralph, F.M.; Prather, K.A. Potential changes to California orographic precipitation due to transported Asian dust. Erisman, B.E.; Galland G.R.; Mascareñas-Osorio I.; Moxley J.; Journal of Geophysical Research- [Atmospheres]. (In press) Walker H.J.; Aburto-Oropeza O.; Hastings P.A.; Ezcurra E.Checklist of coastal fishes of Islas Marías Archipelago, Mexico, with comments on taxonomic composition, biogeography, and abundance. Zootaxa 2011, 2985, 26-40.

17 LAURIE GAY MATTHEW GILL The Scripps Research Institute University of California, San Diego Kellogg School of Science and Technology Physical Sciences Degrees: Degrees: B.S. in Biology, California Polytechnic B.A. in Mathematics, Physics, and State University, San Luis Obispo Integrated Science, Northwestern University

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: ARCS Foundation The Reuben H. Fleet Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Laurie is investigating the interaction of cancer cells with the Matt is studying geometric analysis focusing on complex host environment, including the blood vessels and blood cells geometry and the Kahler-Ricci flow. He has proved which may protect the metastatic cells preventing them from convergence result for suitably normalized solutions of the leaving the blood stream. Blood platelets have long been parabolic complex Monge-Ampere equation on compact known to play a supportive role in cancer and metastasis, yet Hermitian manifolds. This provides a parabolic proof of a recent the precise mechanisms that platelets contribute to tumor result of Tosatti and Weinkove. The problem comes from Yau’s growth and the metastatic process remain elusive. She is proof of the Calabi conjecture using the elliptic complex highly motivated to perform experiments that can advance Monge-Ampere equation on compact Kahler manifolds. preventative treatment and effective therapies. Laurie enjoys Mathematics is still finding new and interesting problems reading modern literature, tennis and running in the Torrey involving the Ricci flow today. Matt enjoys bouldering. Pines State Park. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: The Ricci flow has been a hot topic in mathematics since its The primary goal of this project is to identify key host cells and introduction in 1981 and has since been used to solve many their functions that contribute to the survival of breast cancer important problems in mathematics, including Grigori cells within the circulatory system and during exit from the Perelman's proof of the Poincaré conjecture. blood stream and metastatic growth. There is both an Awards and Honors: opportunity and a critical need for breakthrough research in this field since 90% of cancer-related deaths are due to Robert R. Welland Prize metastasis. Laurie is strongly motivated to perform the planned Corbin Prize experiments in hopes of advancing preventative treatment and Oliver Marcy Award effective therapies. She is convinced that results from her study Outstanding Junior in Physics and Astronomy Award will advance the cancer field significantly, contributing to an improvement of human health in situations where otherwise Phi Beta Kappa there are few treatment options available. If successful, results Publications and Posters: from her studies will provide mechanistic insight into the Gill, M. Convergence of the parabolic complex Monge-Ampère process of metastasis and could lay a foundation for new and equation on compact Hermitian manifolds. Communications in effective therapies to prevent and treat metastatic disease. Analysis and Geometry 2011. (In Press). Awards and Honors: NIH Clinical and Translational Science Awards Traineeship Network for Women in Science, Public Relations Officer Publications and Posters: Gay, L.J.; Felding-Habermann, B. Contribution of platelets to tumour metastasis. Nature Reviews Cancer 2011, 11, 2, 123-34.

Pertz, O.C.; Wang, Y.; Yang, F.; Wang, W.; Gay, L.J.; Gristenko, M.A.; Clauss, T.R.; Anderson, D.J.; Liu, T.; Auberry, K.J.; Camp, D.G.; Smith, R.D.; Klemke, R.L. Spatial mapping of the neurite and soma proteomes reveals a functional Cdc42/Rac regulatory network, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008;105,6, 1931-1936.

Gay, L.J.; Goeske, G.; Black, M.; Adams, N. Sequencing and expression of checkpoint Kinase 1 in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, American Society for Cell Biology, San Francisco, CA., 2006 22.

18 CRYSTAL MORAN GUTIERREZ LEE ANN HAWKINS The Scripps Research Institute University of San Diego Kellogg School of Science and Technology Hahn School of Nursing and Health Degrees: Science B.S. in Microbiology, Degrees: Arizona State University M.S. in Nursing and Nurse Practitioner, Azusa Pacific University B.S. in Nursing, Azusa Pacific University Scholar Sponsors: B.S. in Business Administration, California Webster & Helen Kinnaird, Paul Bechtner Foundation State Polytechnic University, Pomona About the Scholar: Scholar Sponsors: Crystal researches the rules of protein folding, such as the ones Beyster Family Foundation Fund implicated in Parkinson’s disease. By looking at the protein in About the Scholar: normal and disease-related conditions, using fluorescent Lee Ann is focusing her research on cognition and medication spectroscopy methods, she can see the difference between the adherence in patients suffering from heart failure. This two proteins. Understanding the “rules” of protein folding population is mostly older and sicker patients with multiple brings better understanding of what causes them to misfold illnesses besides heart failure. By establishing the link between and cause disease. Crystal enjoys cooking and jogging in the cognitive impairment, adherence, and outcomes, tools can be California sunshine. developed to target specific cognitive domains to help patients Benefits to Society: take their medications correctly and thus decrease the number of hospitalizations and increase patient longevity. Lee Ann’s Crystal’s work holds the exciting potential of revealing physical hobby is in textiles and clothing design. properties and events which could not otherwise be seen, using technology that has not long been available, which will no doubt Benefits to Society: be critical in understanding the mechanism of Parkinson's Heart failure is a growing problem as America ages - costly in disease pathology among many other biological challenges. By healthcare dollars and poor patient outcomes. There are proven learning fundamental information about this and other protein therapies that improve outcomes (morbidity and mortality); systems, health care providers stand a much better chance of however, patient adherence to these is poor. Lee Ann’s current effectively combating the diseases that plague society. research has shown that even mild cognitive impairment Awards and Honors: worsens medication adherence, and that cognitive impairment is prevalent yet unrecognized in the outpatient veteran Outstanding Student Poster in Biophysics Award population. Mild cognitive impairment is often hidden by the Publications and Posters: patient and unrecognized by healthcare providers. This likely Moran, C.R.; Ferreon, A.C.M.; Ferreon, J.C.; Deniz, A.A. holds true for other populations as well as other chronic Alteration of the alpha-Synuclein folding landscape by disease processes such as diabetes. amutation related to parkinson's disease. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Awards and Honors: 2010, 49(20), 3469-72. Heart Failure Society of America, Nursing Research of the Ferreon, A.C.M.; Moran, C.R.; Gambin, Y.; Deniz, A.A. Single- Year Award Finalist molecule fluorescence studies of intrinsically disordered Heart Failure Society of America, Member proteins. Methods in Enzymology 2010, 472: Single Molecule Tools, Pt A: Fluorescence Based Approaches 2010, 179-204. American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, Member Institutional Review Board, VA Loma Linda Healthcare Moran, C.R.; Ferreon, A.C.M.; Gambin, Y.; Deniz, A.A. Single- System, Member molecule FRET reveals altered binding-induced folding landscape of PD-related mutant protein Alpha-Synuclein, 54th Publications and Posters: Biophysical Society Meeting, San Francisco, CA.; Feb. 20-24, Hawkins, L. 15th Heart Failure Society of America Annual 2010; Abstract Control #10-A-4175-BPS. Scientific Session, 2011 Sept, Presentation as a finalist for the nursing research award. Hawkins, L.; Silvet, H. Cognitive Moran, C.R.; Deniz, A.A. Single-molecule studies of structural Impairment and Heart Failure, Western Institute of Nursing, Las consequences of parkinson’s disease-related mutations in·- Vegas, NV, April 2011. Synuclein folding landscape; Graduate Student Retreat, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA.; 2009.

19 MARCEL HETU ALEXANDER HIGH San Diego State University University of California, San Diego College of Sciences College of Sciences Degrees: Degrees: B.S. in Chemistry, San Diego State University B.S. in Physics, University of Pennsylvania M.S. in Chemistry, San Diego State University Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: ARCS Endowment Carlos & Sharon Arbelaez About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Marcel is using lasers to detect proteins associated with Alexander High is researching the control of excitons, particles neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. The high that carry light and are electronically controllable. He has selectivity and sensitivity of the lasers make it possible to designed exciton-based integrated circuits that can increase the identify biomarkers in the early stages of disease. The speed of optical signal processing. The expected benefit of this procedure uses extremely small sample sizes, such as a single is that exciton-based devices have the potential to speed cell, and utilizes a multi-photon non-linear laser wave mixing computing and communications by better integrating electronic technique. He has studied biomarkers associated with cancer, circuits and optical data communications. Alexander is coach of HIV and Alzheimer’s disease. Marcel has also used lasers to the physics intramural softball team and plays forward for the detect explosives. This technology has the potential to save intramural soccer team. lives by reporting the presence of explosives from long Benefits to Society: distances. Marcel has varied interests, among them hiking the trails throughout San Diego County. Optical interconnects based on excitonic devices are much simpler and potentially more efficient than current technology. Benefits to Society: Introducing excitonic devices to telecommunications could This work could make significant contributions to society. reduce the power consumption of these networks and increase Current diagnostic measurements for disease require multiple their speed. A major roadblock to increasing the speed of vials of blood to be collected and often involve costly and time- computation inside a computer is the delay that occurs when consuming work-up for more advanced measurements such as sending a signal from one processor to another processor. This viral loads. This technique requires only a single-cell to make process is slow because the signal is transported by electrons. measurements of the cell’s protein content. The sensitivity of Light moves faster than electrons, so devices that work with the technique allows for the development of early detection light, such as the exciton transistors that we have developed, diagnostic methods. High sensitivity, selectivity, and small could make computers faster and remove the interconnect sample size requirements makes the technique ground roadblock. breaking for the way diseases could be discovered and treated. Awards and Honors: Awards and Honors: Department of Education GAANN Fellowship Sigma Xi Intel Corporation Ph.D. Fellow Publications and Posters: Publications and Posters: Hetu, M. H. Synthesis and reactivity of new transition metal Winbow, A. G.; Leonard, J.R.; Remeika, M.; Kuznetsova, Y. Y.; complexes for environmentally and biologically relevant High, A. A.; Hammack, A. T.; Butov, L. V.; Wilkes, J.; Guenther, A. chemistry. M.S. Thesis, San Diego State University, San Diego, A.; Ivanov, A. L.; Hanson, M.; Gossard, A. C. Electrostatic CA, 2009. conveyer for excitons. Physical Review Letters 2011, 106, Liang, H.; Zhang, Y.; Hetu, M. Phosphate diester hydrolysis 196806. promoted by new Cu(II) alkoxide complexes. Inorganic Kuznetsova, Y.Y.; High, A.A.; Butov, L.V. Control of excitons by Chemistry Communications 2007, 10, 204-208. laterally modulated electrode density. Applied Physics Zhang, Y.; Liang, H.; Zakharov, L. N.; Das, S. K.; Hetu, M. Letters 2011, 97, 201106. Carboxyester hydrolysis promoted by Cu(II) complexes of Kuznetsova, Y.Y.; Remeika, M.; High, A.A.; Hammack, A.T.; Butov, pyridyl-amine carboxylate-pendant ligands. Inorganica Chimica L.V.; Hanson, M.; Gossard, A.C. All-optical excitonic transistor. Acta 2007, 360, 1691-1701. Optics Letters 2010, 35, 1587.

Grosso, G.; Graves, J.C.; Hammack, A.T.; High, A.A.; Butov, L.V.; Hanson, M.; Gossard, A.C. Excitonic switches operating at around 100K. Nature Photonics 2009, 3, 577.

20 MANNA IWABUCHI MEGAN JENNINGS San Diego State University San Diego State University College of Sciences College of Sciences Degrees: Degrees: B.A. in Liberal Arts, International Christian B.A. in Environmental and Evolutionary University Biology, Dartmouth College

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Massarini Fund at Wells Fargo WD-40 Company About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Manna’s project involves the study of alpha synuclein, a protein Megan’s research focuses on mammalian carnivore responses related to Parkinson’s disease. The plan is to develop ultra- to landscape alteration using two species of datasets exploring sensitive laser-based detection methods for these important a common question: How does natural and human-mediated proteins. So far these studies indicate that alpha synuclein and landscape alteration affect sensitive carnivore species. By serotonin can be detected by this method with better chemical exploring the patterns of pathogen exposure, fire disturbance selectivity levels, enhanced detection sensitivity levels and and disease in fire-frequented environments, key information higher spectral and spatial resolution levels as compared to can lead to better habitat management strategies, as well as to currently available methods. These new tools for early detection land protection and conservation. Megan is a classically trained would scientifically help Parkinson’s patients over the world. singer and spends her free time studying and participating in Manna enjoys cooking, swimming and working out in the gym. musical activities. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: Manna is especially interested in the early detection of proteins By examining the intersection of development, fire disturbance, related to Parkinson’s disease. Since Manna’s great grandfather and land management planning in a fire-frequented environ- and grandparents suffered from Parkinson’s, she has first-hand ment, this research will provide key information for land and knowledge of the challenges associated with the disease. wildlife managers to facilitate wildlife conservation efforts and Currently, there is no specific cure, although some medical habitat management strategies. The results from this project treatments are available that could slow the progressive course will provide fundamental information needed for land pro- of the disease. In her grandmother’s case, it took too many tection and conservation, e.g. plans in development for the years to diagnose Parkinson’s disease, causing her to miss the South Coast Missing Linkages Project and the San Diego ideal time window for brain surgery. Manna is very motivated County Multiple Species Conservation Plan. to study and develop new ultrasensitive nonlinear laser-based Awards and Honors: methods to detect Parkinson’s disease at much earlier stages before the symptoms appear.These new tools for early Wildlife Health Center Fellow detection could significantly help Parkinson’s patients all over The Wildlife Society, Member the world. Society for Conservation Biology, Member Awards and Honors: Association for Fire Ecology, Member International Christian University Dean’s List American Society of Mammalogists, Member Publications and Posters: Ecological Society of America, Member Phelps, J. Why am I still depressed? Recognizing and managing Publications and Posters: the ups and downs of bipolar II and soft bipolar disorder, 1st ed Jennings, M.K.; Lewison, R.L.; Lyren, L.M.; Boydston, E.E.; McGraw-Hill, New York, NY., 2010. Translated to Japanese. Crooks, K.R. Bobcat response to fire in Southern California Chapman, A.L.; Gartz, K. The Borderline Personality Disorder shrubland ecosystems. In Preparation. Survival Guide, 1st ed New Harbinger Publication, Inc.; Jennings, M.K.; Lewison, R.L.; Lyren, L.M.; Boydston, E.E.; Oakland, CA., 2009. Translated to Japanese. Crooks, K.R. Effects of fire on mammalian carnivore distribution Warren, A.; Neary, T.; Hetu, M.; Gregerson, M.; Iwabuchi, M.; in Southern California. In Preparation. Tong, W. Sensitive analysis of peptides using nonlinear nulti- Jennings, M.K.; Lewison, R.L.; Boyce, W.M. Effects of fire on photon laser wave mixing and capillary electrophoresis. mountain lion movement and habitat use in southern SACNAS National Conference, San Jose, CA., Oct 27-30, 2011. California. In Preparation. Jimenez, J.; Gregerson, M.; Neary,T.; Hetu, M.; Iwabuchi, M.; Jennings, M.K.; I Bobcat in W. Spencer, Diffendorfer, J.; editors. Tong, W. Multi-photon nonlinear laser wave-mixing detection of The San Diego County Mammal Atlas. Working title. chemical and biological agents. SACNAS National Conference, San Jose, CA., Oct 27-30, 2011.

21 MARTIN CHARLES KANDES JAMES KRIEGER San Diego State University University of California, San Diego College of Sciences, Computational Jacobs School of Engineering Science Research Center Degrees: Degrees: M.S. in Mechanical and Aeronautical M.S. in Physics, San Diego State Engineering, University of California, Davis University B.S. in Mechanical Engineering, University B.S. in Physics, University of Michigan, of California, Davis Ann Arbor B.A. in Political Science, Purdue University B.S. in Applied Mathematics, University of Scholar Sponsors: Michigan, Ann Arbor The Reuben H. Fleet Foundation Fund Fellow Scholar Sponsors: About the Scholar: Cymer Corporation James is designing flight control software that will allow About the Scholar: aircraft to fly at extremely fast speeds, near Mach 10. He has Martin is using computer simulations to research how Bose- not fully defined this project; however, his goal is to facilitate Einstein Condensate (BEC), a matter equivalent of coherent continued military superiority for the United States. His light emitted by a laser, can be controlled, manipulated, and objective is to work for the aviation industry in a research utilized effectively to create future systems. By enabling high capacity. His hobbies are bicycling and backpacking along precision measurements of internal forces and electromagnetic coastal roads. fields, atom-based BEC sensors will have direct, near term Benefits to Society: applications to improving navigation systems, medical imaging devices, and instruments used for resource exploration. In his The direct benefit of this research is the increased amount of spare time, Martin hikes the trails of San Diego and reads non- time that unmanned aircraft can loiter on station, reducing the technical books. cost of gathering military intelligence and scientific data, as well as the design of an algorithm that will allow unmanned Benefits to Society: aircraft to find the speed for optimal fuel economy during Atomic interferometers using Bose-Einstein condensates may flight. one day replace ring laser and fiber optic gyroscopes Awards and Honors: currently used in high performance inertial navigation and guidance systems, which are used to measure and maintain the Teaching Assistant Excellence Award in Mechanical and orientations in everything from the satellites orbiting the Earth Aeronautical Engineering to ships at sea. Atom interferometers will have a significant Outstanding Senior in Mechanical Engineering impact on addressing fundamental scientific questions such as Phi Beta Kappa testing of Einstein's theory of general relativity. Awards and Honors: Publications and Posters: Krieger, J. P.; Krstic, M. Extremum Seeking Based on Inamori Fellowship Atmospheric Turbulence for Aircraft Endurance. AIAA Journal of President’s Award in Research and Scholarship Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 2011 (In publication). Award for Outstanding Teaching by a Graduate Teaching Krieger, J. P. UAV Handing Qualities. 29th Annual Research Associate Expo, San Diego, CA.; April 15, 2010. Publications and Posters: Seo, P.N.; et. al. High-efficiency resonant rf spin rotator with broad phase space acceptance for pulsed polarized cold neutron beams. Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams. 2008, 11, 8, 084701.

Chupp, T.E.; et. al. A large area polarized He-3 neutron spin filter. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A. 2007, 574, 3, 500. Gericke, M.T.; et. al. Upper bounds on parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetries in compound nuclei from polarized cold neutron capture. Phys. Rev. C. 2006, 74, 6, 065503

Lauss, B.; et. al. Precision measurement of parity violation in polarized cold neutron capture on the proton. Proceedings of the 17th Int. Conf. on Particles and Nuclei. 2006, AIP Conf. Proc. 842, 790.

22 CATHERINA ANNE MADANI CHRISTOPHER MARTIN University of San Diego The Scripps Research Institute Hahn School of Nursing and Health Science The Kellogg School of Science and Degrees: Technology M.S. in Nursing Science, Degrees: University of San Diego B.A. in Biology, Tufts University B.S. in Nursing Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: ARCS Foundation The Reuben H. Fleet Foundation Fund, ARCS Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Christopher studies the immune system of mice as a model for humans, focusing on T cells, which are a major component of Catie is assessing whether patients who have undergone a the human immune system. His aim is to explore the factors Pulmonary Endarterectomy surgery (PTE), for removal of lung that maintain the number of T cells at equilibrium. Direct clots, have a different incidence of postoperative lung injury, manipulation of these factors can act as a throttle for an depending on the amount and type of clot removed from their immune response, turning it up for diseases like cancer or lungs: distal versus proximal. Her aim is to remedy the paucity down for autoimmune disorders like type 2 diabetes. of nursing research in the care of these patients to facilitate Christopher plans to remain in academia while involved in nurses in the prevention of burnout and compassion fatigue in research. His hobby is fishing. caring for suffering patients over a prolonged period of time. Catie enjoys biking, hiking and spinning. She has been on Benefits to Society: medical missions to Santiago, Chile, and Ensenada. Most immediately poised to benefit society are the results of Benefits to Society: Chirstopher’s work with antibody/cytokine complexes. Cytokines are hormones of the immune system which regulate Up to 1 in 5 Americans die in an ICU setting. Compassion the activity of cellular immune components, including T cells. fatigue is a phenomenon that results from expending high One such cytokine, interleukin-2, is currently approved for levels of energy and compassion over a prolonged period to treatment of metastatic melanoma but has deleterious side those who are suffering, often without experiencing the effects. Another cytokine, interleukin-7, is not yet approved but positive outcomes of seeing patients improve. Palliative care can be used as an adjuvant with vaccines or to rejuvenate an providers becoming involved in ICU care earlier may help to aged immune system. Interleukin-7 is not potent enough to be ameliorate the helplessness that is often experienced by nurses used as an injected treatment and the off target effects of caring for end-stage patients. Recruiting and sustaining a interleukin-2 preclude its use in patients that are not in a quality nursing-workforce requires considerable resources. terminal disease phase. Using our technology, the combination Therefore, steps to prevent nurse burnout or compassion of the cytokine with an antibody chaperone increased the on- fatigue are a good investment for an organization that places target potency of the cytokine. Thus, the side effects of an emphasis on caring for patients with cancer. interleukin-2 will be mitigated, making it an attractive option to Awards and Honors: a larger group of cancer patients. Dean's Merit Scholar Awards and Honors: UC Center for Health Quality and Innovation Proposal Grant 14th International Congress of Immunology Travel Bursary Sigma Theta Tau Award Zeta Mu Publications and Posters: Publications and Posters: Martin, C.E.; Kim, D.M.; Sprent, J.; Surh, C.D. Is IL-7 from dendritic cells essential for the homeostasis of CD4+ T cells? Madani, C.A. The Incidence of Reperfusion Pulmonary Injury in Nat. Immunol. 2010, 11, 547-548. Patients who have Undergone Pulmonary Endarterectomy: Distal Versus Proximal Disease, 21st World Congress of the Létourneau, S.; van Leeuwen E.M.M.; Krieg, C.; Martin, C.; World Society of Cardio-Thoracic Surgeons, Berlin, Germany, Pantaleo, G.; Sprent, J.; Surh, C.D.; Boyman, O. IL-2/anti-IL-2 June 12-15, 2011. antibody complexes show strong biological activity by avoiding interaction with IL-2 receptor alpha subunit CD25. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2010, 107, 2171-2176.

Purton, J.F.; Martin, C.E.; Surh, C.D. Enhancing T cell memory: IL-7 as an adjuvant to boost memory T-cell generation. Immunol. Cell Biol. 2008, 86(5), 385-6.

23 DARIO MELUZZI JOSEPH NAGANO University of California, San Diego The Scripps Research Institute Physical Sciences The Kellogg School of Science and Degrees: Technology B.S. in Chemistry, Degrees: University of California, Irvine B.S. in Chemistry, Brown University

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Lambert Foundation for Education, ARCS Foundation ARCS Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Dario is focused on the computational study of ribozymes, Joe’s research focuses on the development of irreversible, catalytic RNA molecules. His goal is to use thermodynamics, covalent inhibitors for various metabolic enzymes in the serine statistical mechanics, molecular dynamics, and other numerical hydrolase super-family. Using activity based protein profiling methods to understand how ribozymes function and how they coupled with medicinal chemistry, selective inhibitors of can be modified toward useful applications in biotechnology individual serine hydrolases can be developed in a high- and medicine. Information gained from this study will throughput manner. These inhibitors can be used in mouse and contribute to making ribozymes a practical tool for the cellular models to down-regulate the activity of the target treatment of diseases caused by genetic defects. Dario enjoys enzyme, leading to distinct behavioral, physiological and jogging and exercising in the gym. metabolic effects. Joe plays on an Ultimate Frisbee team. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: Defects in chromatin structure are likely to affect negatively the Joe’s studies will benefit society in providing a better under- processes of transcription, replication, recombination and DNA standing of biochemical systems related to cardiovascular repair, possibly leading to disease conditions. A better disease, cancer, drug metabolism, and brain health. Knowledge understanding of three-dimensional chromatin organization will of these molecular systems will allow for smarter development reveal additional mechanisms by which those processes are of drugs that affect these pathways. regulated and will provide useful clues for preventing, Awards and Honors: diagnosing, and curing disorders caused by mis-regulation of these processes. Ellen Browning Scripps Foundation Fellowship Award Publications and Posters: The Scripps Research Institute Dean’s Fellowship American Chemical Society Division of Organic Chemistry Kalaitzis, J.A.; Cheng, Q.; Meluzzi, D.; Xiang, L.; Izumikawa, M.; Summer Dorrestein, P.C.; Moore, B.S. Policing starter unit selection of the enterocin type II polyketide synthase by the type II Undergraduate Research Fellowship thioesterase EncL. Bioorg Med Chem. 2011. (Article in Press) James J. Burke Jr. Presidential Scholarship Meluzzi, D.; Smith, D.E.; Arya, G. Biophysics of knotting. Annu. George I. Alden Trust Undergraduate Teaching and Research Rev. Biophys. 2010, 39, 349. Award

Liu, W.T.; Ng, J.; Meluzzi, D.; Bandeira, N.; Gutierrez, M.; Publications and Posters: Simmons, T.L.; Schultz, A.W.; Linington, R.G.; Moore, B.S.; Nagano-Gerace, J.; Seto, C. Towards the synthesis of a Gerwick, W.H.; Pevzner, P.A.; Dorrestein, P.C. Interpretation of Serine/Threonine Phosphatase activity-based probe. 239th ACS tandem mass spectra obtained from cyclic nonribosomal National Meeting, San Francisco, CA., 2010 March 21-25, 2010. peptides. Anal. Chem. 2009, 81, 4200.

Meluzzi, D.; Zheng, W.H.; Hensler, M.; Nizet, V.; Dorrestein, P.C. Top-down mass spectrometry on low-resolution instruments: Characterization of phosphopantetheinylated carrier domains in polyketide and non-ribosomal biosynthetic pathways. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 3107.

24 LUCIE NGUYEN MORGAN NUNN San Diego State University University of California, San Diego College of Sciences Department of Physical Science Degrees: Degrees: M.S. in Statistics, San Diego State University B.S. in Chemistry, B.A. in Applied Mathematics, University Georgia Institute of Technology of California, San Diego

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: The Reuben H. Fleet Foundation Fund ARCS Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Lucie is focusing her research on predicting glaucoma pro- Morgan’s research includes quantifying water in meteorites and gression by correlating tree-based methods in nature to lunar rock samples by extraction of volatiles through stepwise individual eyes. The goal of this research is to identify specific pyrolysis. By measuring the oxygen isotopic ratios in the water, patterns within the visual field that have predictive value for information can be obtained about the formation and equili- glaucomatous progression. Diagnosing the progression of bration history of the meteorite parent body or the moon. These glaucoma as early as possible is important to countering even- results can help determine which processes controlled the tual blindness. Lucie enjoys reading mystery novels, snow- formation of our solar system. Morgan enjoys running, reading, boarding, hiking and hula dancing. For the past two years she traveling and studying other languages. has been dancing in the award-winning Heali’i’s Polynesian Benefits to Society: Revue. The benefits of Morgan’s research will allow us to more Benefits to Society: accurately predict where water can exist, thereby narrowing the Using novel statistical tests (classification and regression trees, search for extraterrestrial planets that could be habitable. As conditional inference trees, and random forests), Lucy is NASA’s “follow the water” slogan reflects, where there is water, searching for biomarkers that place a patient with glaucoma there is likely to be life. Consequently, understanding the at risk for rapid progression. She has been able to determine formation and distribution of water in our solar system is one which patients progress most rapidly by using baseline of the most fundamental and important challenges scientists findings that predict future changes. Developing better pre- face today. dictive methods will allow physicians to treat ‘at risk’ glaucoma Awards and Honors: patients earlier and more aggressively, but also allow them to take a more conservative approach in patients that are unlikely Zonta International Amelia Earhart Fellowship to make substantial progress. This should lead to better HOPE Scholarship Recipient outcomes on a per patient basis (less visual disability in the at- Dr. Richard W. Fink Memorial Scholarship risk patients and fewer medication side effects in the ‘unlikely Chemical Rubber Company Award in Freshman Chemistry to progress’ patients) and better resource allocations within the wider ophthalmic medical system. Publications and Posters: Awards and Honors: Nunn, M.; Thiemens, M. Oxygen Isotopic Analyses of Water in Bjurböle Matrix and Chondrules, 74th Meteoritical Society Computer Science, Engineering and Mathematics Scholarship Meeting, London, UK, Aug 8-12, 2011. Research in Industrial Projects for Students, UCLA Publications and Posters: Nguyen, L .; Fan, J.; Levine, R.; Su, X.; Demirel, S. Predicting glaucoma progression using decision trees for clustered data by Goodness of Split. Journal of Computational Statistics and Data Analysis. (In preparation)

Robertson, A.M.; Ojeda, V.D.; Nguyen, L.; Lozada, R.; Martinez, G.A.; Strathdee, S.A.; and Patterson, T.L. HIV/AIDS knowledge and misconceptions among female sex workers in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. Journal of Global Public Health. (In revision)

Goldenberg, S.M.; Strathdee, S.A.; Gallardo, M.; Nguyen, L.; Lozada, R.; Semple, S.J.; Patterson, T.L. How important are venue-based HIV risks among male clients of female sex workers? A mixed methods analysis of the risk environment in nightlife venues in Tijuana, Mexico. J. Am. Health and Place 2011, 17(3), 748-756.

25 PEARL QUIJADA CHELSEA ROCHMAN San Diego State University San Diego State University College of Sciences College of Sciences Degrees: Degrees: M.S. in Biology emphasis in Physiology, B.S. in Biology, San Diego State University University of California, San Diego B.S. in Biology, University of California, Riverside Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Kathryn Hattox Larry & Marti Showley About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Chelsea is studying plastic debris in the ocean because of its Pearl is focusing on the study of bone marrow stem cells mechanical and chemical consequences to marine organisms. (BMSCs) and their application for treating heart injury. The Plastic debris is a problem that is ecosystem-wide and it is study of stem cell biology is particularly important for the imperative to understand it as a medium for pollutants that application of organ regeneration. The heart is a limited affect the health of our oceans and our own species. By regenerative organ. The BMSCs have been shown to be understanding the eco-toxicity of plastic debris, policy makers particularly useful in repairing the pathologically injured can be better informed and the public better educated on the myocardium, by secretion of paracrine factors that stimulate dangers associated with plastic debris. Chelsea likes all ocean endogenous recruitment of stem cells and promote endo- sports and enjoys playing the piano and singing. genous myocyte repair. Pearl enjoys running on the beach, biking and visiting the S.D. Zoo. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: Plastic debris has both mechanical and chemical consequences to marine organisms. Chemically, plastics act as a magnet for Pearl believes that her studies and research will have positive Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), which include pesticides, implications towards society in the future. Cardiovascular petroleum residues, and flame-retardants. POPs adsorb into disease affects millions of people in the United States, where plastics at magnified concentrations; therefore, plastics can be injury from primary or recurrent heart attacks is the main both an indicator of chemical pollution and a medium for POPs contributor of heart failure. Researchers and clinicians have to enter the food chain. Effective mitigation will require been particularly interested in adult stem therapy in order to knowledge about POP accumulation rates, transfer to animals mediate damage, because not only is it safe but also it has via ingestion, and biomagnification in marine food chains. been proven efficacious in several studies. Although the desired effect of stem cell therapy often supports modest Awards and Honors: effects in cardiac function, the improvements in patient survival AWIS San Diego Chapter Student Scholarship and morale are great. Stem cell therapy in combination with NSF Graduate Research Fellowship traditional interventions such as vascular stents and pharma- ceutical drugs can have a long-lasting impact on treating heart PADI Foundation Grant injury and heart failure. SoCal SETAC Research Grant Award Awards and Honors: Malcolm R Stacey Scholarship Provost Award for Outstanding Poster Presentation Provost’s Honors National Heart Lung and Blood Graduate Research Publications and Posters: Supplement Grant Van, A.; Rochman, C.; Flores, E.; Hill, K.; Vargas, E.; Vargas, S.; Publications and Posters: Hoh, E. Persistent organic pollutant content of marine debris Sussman, M.A.; et al. Myocardial AKT:The Omnipresent Nexus. found on beaches in San Diego, California. Chemosphere, Physiol Rev. 2011, 91, 3, 1023-1070. Accepted June, 2011.

Fischer, K.M.; Din, S.; Gude, N.; Konstandin, M.H.; Wu, W.; Kaye, S.; Rochman, C.; Hentschel, B.; Oei, M.; Hoh, E. Quijada, P.; Sussman, M.A. Cardiac progenitor cell commitment Comparing persistent organic pollutants. 2011. is inhibited by nuclear Akt expression. Cir Res. 2011, 108, 8, 960- Rochman, C.; Adsorbed to high- and low-density polyethylene 70. plastic pellets deployed in the San Diego Bay, Southern Borillo GA, et al. Pim-1 Kinase protects mitochondrial integrity California Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. in cardiomyocytes. Circ Res. 2010, 106, 7, 1265-74. Huntington Beach, CA.

Cottage, C.T.; Bailey, B.; Fischer, K.M.; Avitable, D.; Collins, B.; Tuck, S.; Quijada, P.; Gude, N.; Alvarez, R.; Muraski, J.; Sussman, M.A. Pim-1 stimulates cardiac progenitor cell cycling and asymmetric division. Circ Res. 2010, 106, 5, 891-901.

26 JOHN B. RUEDAS AARON SATHER San Diego State University The Scripps Research Institute College of Sciences, The Kellogg School of Science and Center for Microbial Sciences Technology Degrees: Degrees: Secondary Science Educator Certificate, B.S. in Chemistry, University of Oregon University of Texas, El Paso B.S. in Biological Sciences, University of Texas, El Paso Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Virginia Lynch Grady Endowment Charles & Ruth Billingsley Foundation, ARCS Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Aaron’s research focuses on the extraction of uranium (uranyl John is researching the replication mechanisms of vesicular ion) from water. Recognition of the uranyl ion is a longstanding stomatitis virus, the prototype virus of the negative-strand RNA goal in the field of coordination chemistry due to the potential viruses. These viruses include significant human pathogens, applications in environmental remediation, metallurgical such as rabies and Ebola. Increased knowledge about how extraction, and water purification. As nuclear programs continue these viruses replicate themselves in infected cells will lead to to develop around the world, increasingly efficient methods for development of antiviral drugs and vaccines against this class gathering uranium and processing associated chemical waste are of viruses. John enjoys participating in sports, playing his needed. Aaron enjoys playing his guitar, hiking and is on a guitar and writing music. basketball team with other graduate students. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: Understanding virus replication processes makes it possible to Recognition of the uranyl ion is a long-standing goal in the field identify virus-specific targets for antiviral drug development. of coordination chemistry. To accomplish this, Aaron’s lab has The rabies and ebola viruses are dangerous and even lethal developed and synthesized molecules that recognize uranium pathogens, particularly in underdeveloped countries. Each virus at low concentrations in the presence of other metals. By taking in this group depends on its own specific protein, which into account the size and shape of the uranyl ion, Aaron and his collectively function very similarly despite the varying colleagues were able to create a molecule that surrounds the pathogenesis of each virus. Most promising, these proteins uranyl ion, maximizing the interactions between the two. The carry out ‘virus-specific’ processes meaning that attacking this designed molecules are able to extract uranium from water into protein may be possible without significant damage to the host organic solutions. Additionally, they have modified the most cell, a key requirement for any antiviral drug. While not enough promising molecule to create a material which will be used to ® is understood about this protein for antiviral development, purify water samples containing uranium (think modified Brita John hopes to contribute to the overall knowledge needed to filter). develop strategies of attack against this protein. Awards and Honors: Awards and Honors: Undergraduate Award for Outstanding Achievement in AGEP First-year Graduate Fellowship Organic Chemistry Publications and Posters: American Chemical Society Undergraduate Award in Analytical Chemistry Ruedas, J.B.; Perrault, J. Insertion of enhanced green Donald Baxter Fellow fluorescent protein in a hinge region of vesicular stomatitis virus L polymerase protein creates a temperature-sensitive Graduate Student Research Symposium Poster Award virus that displays no virion-associated polymerase activity in Publications and Posters: vitro. J. Virol. 2009, 83, 12241-12252. Berryman, O.B.; Sather, A.C; Rebek, J. Jr. A deep cavitand with Ruedas, J.B. Insertion of EGFP between the capping and a fluorescent wall functions as an ion sensor. (Submitted to methylase domains of vesicular stomatitis virus L protein does Organic Letters August 3, 2011). not abolish polymerase functions or virus growth; 28th Berryman, O.B.; Sather, A.C.; Lledo, A.; Rebek, J. Jr. Structure American Society for Virology Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, and Function of a Light Responsive Cavitand. (Accepted in July 11-15, 2009. Angewandte Chemie August 29, 2011). Ruedas, J.B. Insertion of EGFP between the capping and Cangelosi, V. M Fontenot, S. A Pitt, M. A Sather, A. C Zakharov, methylase domains of vesicular stomatitis virus L protein does L. N Berryman, O. B Johnson, D. W. Design, Synthesis and not abolish polymerase functions or virus growth; Student characterization of self-assembled As2L3 and Sb2L3 cryptands. Research Symposium, San Diego State University. Dalton Trans. (Submitted by invitation).

27 JANELLE SHANE CHRISTINE SHULSE University of California, San Diego University of California, San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering Division of Biological Sciences Degrees: Degrees: B.S. in Biology, Georgetown University M.Phil. in Physics, University of St. B.S. in Spanish, Georgetown University Andrews, Scotland B.S. in Electrical Engineering, Michigan State University Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Samuel I. & John Henry Fox Foundation at Union Bank, ARCS Foundation ARCS Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Janelle is researching how type 2 diabetes develops. It is Christine’s focus is to understand the polyunsaturated fatty acid believed to be caused when one of the body’s digestive (PUFA) production in bacteria. A narrow group of marine chemicals escapes the stomach and starts attacking proteins bacteria are capable of producing omega-3 PUFAs and little is that the body normally uses for processing glucose. In order to known about the process. She is using genomic analysis as catch the digestive chemical in the act, she is developing an well as culture-dependent and independent methods to further imaging system that will actually watch the chemical the understanding of the mechanisms of PUFA production and destroying a cell’s glucose-processing proteins. By proving that its distribution in the environment. PUFA production is of the digestive chemical is responsible for type 2 diabetes, it can particular interest due to the benefits of Omega- 3 PUFAs on then be treated by blocking the chemical’s activity. Janelle plays human health and their effects on the marine food web. the traditional Irish flute and is learning old-style Irish dance. Christine enjoys playing the flute and she likes to scuba dive. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: Type 2 diabetes currently affects 24 million Americans, and was The bacteria studied produces both hydrocarbons and omega-3 the nation’s seventh leading cause of death in 2007. Science polyunsaturated fatty acids using a common pathway. The does not currently have an answer for how type 2 diabetes hydrocarbons could be used as fuel, while the fatty acids are develops, or a cure for the condition. If the hypothesis proves important in human nutrition and are used as nutraceuticals. correct, Janelle’s lab may discover the ability to block the Society is in need both of alternatives to oil as well as protein from working and stop or reverse type 2 diabetes. alternatives to fish-derived omega-3s, given how over-fished the oceans are currently. Awards and Honors: Awards and Honors: National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Bouchet Graduate Honor Society Mondialogo Engineering Project, Finalist Summer Graduate Teaching Fellow Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship National Science Foundation GK-12 Fellow Alumni Distinguished Scholarship NIH Cellular & Molecular Genetics Grant Recipient Most Outstanding Electrical and Computer Engineering Student, Michigan State University Sigma Xi Distinguished Service Award, Department of Electrical and Publications and Posters: Computer Engineering, Michigan State University Shulse C.; Allen, E. Diversity and distribution of microbial long- Publications and Posters: chain fatty acid biosynthetic genes in the marine environment. Environ Microbiol 2011, 13, 3, 684-695. Shane, J.; Mazilu, M.; Lee, W. M.; Dholakia, K. Effect of pulse temporal shape on optical trapping and impulse transfer using Shulse C.; Allen, E. Widespread occurrence of secondary lipid ultrashort pulsed lasers. Optics Express 2010, 18(7), 7554-7568. biosynthesis in microbial lineages. PLoS ONE 2010, 6, 5, e20146. Harris, D. A.; Shane, J. C.; Lozovoy, V. V.; Dantus, M. Automated phase characterization and adaptive pulse compression using Eloe, E.; Shulse, C.; Fadrosh, D.; Williamson, S.; Allen, E.; Multiphoton Intrapulse Interference Phase Scan in air. Optics Bartlett, D. Compositional differences in particle-associated and Express 2007, 15, 1932-1938. free-living microbial assemblages from an extreme deep ocean environment. Environ Microbiol Reports 2010, 3, 4, Shane J.; Lozovoy V.; Dantus M. Binary search space mapping: 449-458. Getting a picture of coherent laser control. Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2006, 110, 40, 11388-11391. Shulse, C.; Steiner, N.K.; Hurley, C.K. Allelic diversity in KIR2DL4 in a bone marrow transplant population: description of Lozovoy, V. V.; Zhu, X.; Gunaratne, T. C.; Harris, D. A.; Shane, J. three novel alleles. Tissue Antigens 2007, 70, 2, 157-159. C.; Dantus, M. Control of molecular fragmentation using binary phase-shaped femtosecond laser pulses. Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2006, 7, 2471-2473.

28 JOSHUA SILVERMAN WILLIAM SINKO The Scripps Research Institute University of California, San Diego Kellogg School of Science and Technology School of Medicine Degrees: Degrees: B.S. in Physics, Duke University B.S. in Exercise Biology, University of California, Davis

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: ARCS Foundation Margaret L. Roulette About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Josh is focusing on strategies that a cell uses to grow and William is using computer modeling to research the binding of survive according to what resources are available and the drugs to the molecules they target in the body. Modeling drug condition of its environment. Different circumstances call for interactions using computer-aided drug design is more cost different cells, so cells must morph to fit the situation. Using effective and efficient than performing experiments in the global surveillance of the proteins that make up the cell mass laboratory to find new drugs. Due to the early stage of his work of the proteome, he performs experiments to observe the there is still need for development in the molecular modeling management of the proteome in response to different stresses field because current models do not perfectly reproduce and energy sources. This has implications for understanding experimental results. Bill enjoys outdoor activities. He plays cancer, treating bacterial infections as well as the optimal soccer, surfs, hikes and camps. expression of genes in the design of cellbased biofuels. Benefits to Society: Josh enjoys playing softball and plays often. The drug discovery process is extraordinarily expensive, which Benefits to Society: in part contributes to the high cost of healthcare. The expected The strategies used by cells for maintenance of or transition benefits are that new drugs to treat diseases will be found and between growth phases should underlay all cells. Cancer in the drug discovery process will be made less costly, decreasing mammals, in at least some ways, reflects the reversion of the heavy expense associated with developing drugs. differentiated cells towards single cell behavior as well as the Awards and Honors: significant redesign of the proteome in order to facilitate proliferation. For instance, for an E. coli cell to grow at the National Institute of Health, UCSD Molecular Biophysics fastest rate, it must devote a maximum portion of its proteome Training Grant to ribosomal proteins, at the expense of metabolic enzymes. Scholarship Award, University of California, Davis Understanding these strategies of proteome management in Phi Beta Kappa terms of rules and constraints will give a much clearer picture of what a cell can and cannot do in attempts to switch growth Publications and Posters: states. This has implications for understanding cancer, treating Sinko, W.; de Oliveira C.; Pierce, L.C.T.; McCammon, J.A. bacterial infections, as well as in the optimal expression of Protecting high energy barriers: a new equation to regulate genes in the effort to design cellbased biofuels. boost energy in accelerated molecular dynamics simulations. J. Chem. Theory Comput. (In press). Publications and Posters: Chen, S.; Silverman, J.; Sperling, E.; Williamson, J. Dynamics of Sinko, W.; Sierecki, E.; de Oliveira, C.; McCammon, J.A. Guide ribosome biogenesis in E. coli using in vivo pulse labeling and to Virtual Screening: Application to the Akt Phosphatase PHLPP. quantitative mass spectrometry. (In submission). In Computational Drug Discovery and Design; R. Baron (Ed.).; Humana Press, New York, 2011. (In press). Silverman, J.; Changes in proteome allocation with growth rate: theory and experiment, TSRI Graduate Symposium, 2010. Sinko, W.; de Oliveira, C.; Williams, S.; Van Wynsberghe, A.; Durrant, J.D.; Cao, R.; Oldfield, E.; McCammon, J.A. Applying Silverman, J.; Self assembling DNA networks, Molecular molecular dynamics simulations to identify rarely sampled Biomimetics & Bionanotechnology Conference, University of ligand-bound conformational states of undecaprenyl Washington, 2009. pyrophosphate synthase, an antibacterial target. Chem Biol Silverman, J.; Novel miRNA: Just a few clicks away, Cold Drug Des. 2011, 77(6), 412-420. Spring Harbor Laboratory Undergraduate Research Sierecki, E.; Sinko, W.; McCammon, J.A.; Newton, A.C. Symposium, 2007. Discovery of small molecule inhibitors of the PH domain leucinerich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) by chemical and virtual screening. J Med Chem. 2010, 53(19), 6899-911.

29 CHRISTINE SLOAN MATTHEW DE STADLER University of San Diego University of California, San Diego Hahn School of Nursing and Health Science Jacobs School of Engineering Degrees: Degrees: B.S.N. in Nursing, University of Arizona M.S. in Engineering Sciences, University M.S.N. in Nursing Education, Point Loma of California, San Diego Nazarene University B.S. in Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: The Donald C. and Elizabeth M. Dickinson Foundation Wally Schirra Memorial Endowment About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Christine’s research will focus on implementation of palliative Matthew is using numerical simulations to study turbulence care in the pediatric population. Palliative care offers a holistic and turbulent phenomena in the ocean and atmosphere. The approach to aggressively treating and managing distressing wake behind even a simple object exhibits highly non-linear physical and psychological symptoms, focusing on comfort and three-dimensional unsteady motion. The addition of a density quality of life. Despite best efforts some children succumb to gradient to a wake further complicates matters as it inhibits their disease or condition. Parents and caregivers often view vertical motion, allows for the existence of internal waves that palliative care measures as “giving up.” As a result children transport energy from the wake to the background and often receive more aggressive and futile care at end of life. introduces a complex coupling between kinetic and potential Christine enjoys spending time on their sailboat. energy. The understanding of turbulence will lead to engineer- Benefits to Society: ing tools for the design of a variety of applications. Matthew Despite our technological and scientific advances, not all enjoys cooking, racquetball, and art. children with a life-threatening illness can be saved. Christine’s Benefits to Society: objectives are to explore barriers to obtaining and providing All bodies moving in a fluid leave a wake behind them, or palliative care, to evaluate the impact of palliative care on equivalently, flow past a body leaves a wake behind the body. patients and their families, and ultimately, to reduce suffering. Therefore, wakes are found all over the natural world and in Publications and Posters: many engineering applications. Better understanding of the Holt, D.M.; Lewis, C.; Klimpel, K.; Sloan, C.; Aguda, C. The wake behind islands and mountains will lead to improved effects of focused nursing education on 3F Groshong PICC climate modeling, which will allow for improved weather occlusion rates: The experience of one tertiary care facility. forecasting. The wake behind vehicles such as automobiles, Journal of the Association of Vascular Access 2011, 15, 4, airplanes and submarines is important for determining the drag 204-212. and improving vehicle efficiency and sustainability. In addition to these two areas, improved understanding of turbulence will Meisenberg, B.R.; Callaghan, M.; Sloan, C.; Sampson, L.; Miller, lead to improved turbulence models, which will lead to W.E.; McMillan, R. Complications associated with central improved engineering tools for the design of a wide variety of venous catheters used for the collection of peripheral blood applications. progenitor cells to support high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell rescue. Supportive Care in Cancer 1997, 5, Awards and Honors: 3, 223-227. Gordon Scholar, UCSD Engineering Leadership Program

Meisenberg, B.R.; Miller, W.E.; McMillan, R.; Callaghan, M.; Jacobs Fellow, UCSD Sloan, C.; Brehm. T, Kosty, M.P.; Kroener,J.; Longmire, R.; Saven, US Department of Defense, National Defense Science and A.; Piro, L.D. Outpatient high-dose chemotherapy with Engineering Graduate Fellow autologous stem-cell rescue for hematologic and Publications and Posters: nonhematologic malignancies. Journal of Clinical Oncology de Stadler, M. B.; Sarkar, S. Self-propelled wakes at different 1997, 15, 1, 11-17. Froude numbers in a stratified fluid. Proceedings of Seventh Sloan, C. The Effect of a Unit-Based Palliative Care Program on International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow End-of-Life Variables Among Children with Cancer. Pediatric Phenomena, Ottawa, Canada, July 28-31 2011. Nursing Conference, Orlando, FL; 2009. de Stadler, M. B.; Sarkar, S. Simulation of a self-propelled wake with moderate excess momentum in a homogeneous fluid. Proceedings of the 41st AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit, Honolulu, HI, June 27-30, 2011.

de Stadler, M. B.; Sarkar, S. Simulation of a self-propelled wake with small excess momentum in a stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. (Submitted)

30 GORDON STEPHENSON, JR. ALEKSANDR STOTLAND University of California, San Diego San Diego State University Scripps Institution of Oceanography College of Sciences Degrees: Degrees: M.S. in Oceanography, UCSD B.S. in Biology, B.S. in Mathematics and Atmospheric University of California, San Diego and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Union Bank, ARCS Foundation The Thomas C. Ackerman Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Aleksandr researches novel factors in cells that allow them to Gordon’s research focuses on a 15-year record of temperature prevent infection by the HIV virus; he screens large libraries of measurements across Drake Passage (between South America small proteins in search of HIV inhibitors. He is also developing and the Antarctic Peninsula) to study the patterns of heating a system to produce the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) that would be and cooling of the upper ocean. His main objective is to able to infect cells. He could then use the same protein library identify how the upper ocean responds to forcing by the to search for HCV-resistant cells. These small proteins would atmosphere. There is disagreement between the various react with the cells in a more general way, making it difficult for estimates of heat fluxes put into the ocerom satellite sensors the virus to develop resistance as occurs with drug therapies. and the fact that common approaches to measuring them fail in His interests include playing the guitar and playing soccer. part of Drake Passage. This study is crucial to understanding the climate system as a whole. Gordon has a multitude of Benefits to Society: interests, including music, painting and the rebuilding of Despite the great leaps in understanding and treating the bicycles. diseases, HIV and HCV continue to devastate many parts of the Benefits to Society: world, especially Asia and Africa. Furthermore, many Americans infected by HCV as long as 20 years ago are now The goal of Gordon’s research is to identify and explain as being diagnosed with the disease. Unfortunately, there is no many of the natural variations of the upper ocean as possible. cure for either disease, and the pharmaceuticals that are In part, this requires improving the methods by which we currently available to patients are relatively quickly rendered define upper-ocean variability. Using heat content instead of ineffective by the rapid mutation rates of both viruses. The mixed-layer depth seems to help close the upper-ocean heat studies Aleksandr is performing aim to disrupt the viral lifecycle budget. This may improve efforts to model the flow of energy in novel, direct and indirect ways that target the cellular factors from the atmosphere into the surface ocean and from the essential to the establishment of infection. This approach does surface ocean into the deeper ocean. By better understanding not place an evolutionary pressure on the virus to mutate and the global heat budget, scientists can better predict future become resistant to the treatment, nor is this treatment likely to changes: the rate of atmospheric warming to expect, for cause the severe side effects posed by current FDA approved example, and the amount of thermosteric sea level rise (caused drugs, which are fairly non-specific in their mode of action. by warmer water expanding) that may occur. This project is a Furthermore, the systems that he is developing, especially the small part of a global effort. non-replicative HCV particles and the random nuclear peptide Publications and Posters: libraries, will be used by our lab and future collaborators to Stephenson, G.R.; Sprintall, J.; Gille, S.T.; Vernet, M.; Helly, J.J.; discover novel treatments for these two diseases, as well as Kaufmann, R.S. Subsurface melting of a free-floating Antarctic learn more about cellular biology. iceberg. Deep Sea Research II 2011, 58, 11-12, 1336-1345. Publications and Posters: Helly, J.J.; Kaufmann, R.S.; Stephenson, G.R.; Vernet M. Zhang, Y.Q.; Sterling, L.; Stotland, A.; Hua, H.; Kritzik, M.; Cooling, dilution and mixing of ocean water by free-drifting Sarvetnick, N. Nodal and lefty signaling regulates the growth of icebergs in the Weddell Sea. Deep Sea Research II 2011, 58, 11- pancreatic cells. Dev Dyn. 2008, 237(5), 1255-67. 12, 1346- 1363. Hill, N.J.; Stotland, A.B.; Solomon, M.; Secrest, P.; Getzoff, E.; Gille, S.T.; Lombrozo A.; Sprintall J.; Stephenson G.; Scarlet R. Sarvetnick, N. Resistance of the target islet tissue to Anomalous spiking in spectra of XCTD temperature profiles. J. autoimmune destruction contributes to genetic susceptibility in Atmos. Ocean. Tech. 2009, 26, 6, 1157-1164. Type 1 diabetes. Biol Direct 2007, 25, 2:5.

Fukumura, K.; Kazanas, D.; Stephenson, G. Quasi-periodic Hill, N.J.; Stotland, A.B.; Sarvetnick, N.E. Distinct regulation of oscillations from random X-ray bursts around rotating black autoreactive CD4 T cell expansion by interleukin-4 under holes. The Astrophysical Journal 2009, 695, 1199-1209. conditions of lymphopenia. J Leukoc Biol. 2007, 81(3), 757-65.

31 SHARON ELLEN TORIGOE GINGER TSUENG University of California, San Diego San Diego State University Division of Biological Sciences College of Sciences Degrees: Degrees: B.A. in Biology and Chemistry, B.S. in Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Scripps College University of California, San Diego B.S. in Psychology, University of California, San Diego Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Timken-Sturgis Foundation Virginia Lynch Grady Endowment About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Imagine trying to put 10,000 miles of string into a basketball Ginger is studying how coxsackievirus can persist in the brain, and then finding a specific one-inch section of that string from and how this ultimately affects behavior. Our bodies clear the middle of the mess. This daunting task is analogous to the harmful microbes from the brain and the heart, but challenge that every cells in a human body faces. To accomplish coxsackievirus manages to stay in both long after the initial this feat, eukaryotic organisms, such as ourselves, assemble infection. By understanding how the body reacts to the DNA into chromatin, a highly organized complex of DNA and presence of the virus and how the virus is altered by the body proteins. The basic repeating unit of chromatin is the trying to clear it, scientists can develop knowledge of its long- nucleosomes. The goal of Sharon’s research is to investigate term effects and of how it may be altering the aging brain. and better understand the process of nucleosome formation, Ginger’s hobbies include web, video and image editing. using a purified chromatin assembly system. Sharon is interested in music and theater arts. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: Ginger hopes her studies on neural stem cell infections might help elucidate how early childhood infections may lead to Chromatin is the native state of DNA in all eukaryotic cells, and developmental disorders later in life. She also hopes to the assembly of chromatin is necessary for ensuring the proper understand how infectious agents may persist/hide in the brain packaging and organization of DNA into the nucleus. Many so that when people are treated for immunological diseases, DNA-utilizing processes, such as DNA replication, transcription they are not inadvertently put at risk of dying from any and repair, require that chromatin be cleared from the regions persistent/hidden viruses. of interest to be used. Studying how chromatin is assembled will not only further our knowledge of biology but may also Awards and Honors: help in understanding disease and developmental defects. Inamori Fellowship, Inamori Foundation However, to better understand the changes observed in Gen-Probe Fellowship for Ph.D. and M.B.A. Students developmental processes and disease pathologies, one must also understand how the system works normally. The tools Publications and Posters: Sharon is developing to investigate chromatin assembly may Tsueng, G.; Tabor-Godwin, J.M.; Gopal, A.; Ruller, C.M.; Deline, help scientists in other fields of biology. S.; An, N.; Frausto, R.F.; Milner, R.; Crocker, S.J.; Whitton, J.L.; Publications and Posters: Feuer, R. Coxsackievirus preferentially replicates and induces cytopathic effects in undifferentiated neural progenitor cells. J Torigoe, S.E.; Urwin, D.L.; Ishii, H.; Smith, D.E.; Kadonaga, J.T. Virol. 2011, 85(12), 5718-5732. Identification of a rapidly formed nonnucleosomal histone-DNA intermediate that is converted into chromatin by ACF. Mol Cell Rhoades, R.E.; Tabor-Godwin, J.M.; Tsueng, G.; Feuer, R. 2011, 43, 4, 638-648. Enterovirus infections of the central nervous system. Virology 2011, 411(2), 288-305. Smith, J.J.; Torigoe, S.E.; Maxson, J.; Fish L.C.; Wiley, E.A. A class II HDAC deacetylates newly synthesized histones in Tsueng, G.; Lam, K.S. A preliminary investigation on the Tetrahymena. Eukaryot Cell 2008, 7, 3, 471-482. growth requirement for monovalent cations, divalent cations and medium ionic strength of marine actinomycete Salinispora. Torigoe, S.E.; Huang, N.; Hall, M.; and Ngo, B. Preparing and Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010, 86(5), 1525-1534. Presenting a Poster. In Current Protocols in Essential Laboratory Techniques. Gallagher, S.; Wiley, E,. Eds Wiley: Hoboken, NJ; Tsueng, G.; Lam, K.S. Effect of cobalt and vitamin B12 on the 2008. production of salinosporamides by Salinispora tropica. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2009, 62(4), 213-216.

Manam, R.R.; Macherla, V.R.; Tsueng, G.; Dring, C.W.; Weiss, J.; Neuteboom, S.T.; Lam, K.S.; Potts, B.C. Antiprotealide is a natural product. J Nat Prod. 2009, 72(2), 295-297.

32 LUDOVIC VINCENT STAN WALLS University of California, San Diego San Diego State University Jacobs School of Engineering College of Sciences Degrees: Degrees: B.S.E. in Bioengineering, B.S. in Biochemistry, California University of Pennsylvania Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: The Legler Benbough Foundation Hervey Family Fund About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Ludovic is focusing his research on adult stem cells that live in Stan is researching the underlying mechanisms relating obesity bone marrow and are constantly regenerating bones, muscles and cardiovascular disease at the molecular level. By under- and blood, while also helping the immune system to adapt standing the novel molecular links between obesity and cardio- over the course of our lives. His project aim is to mimic the vascular disease, new metabolic markers can be developed to environment around stem cells, especially the stiffness, assess cardiovascular risk in overweight and obese individuals, composition and structure, to selectively guide stem cells into a resulting in novel therapeutic approaches to treat obesity and particular type of sub-cell. Ludovic enjoys endurance events, obesity-related cardiovascular disease. Stan’s other interests specifically marathons and triathlons. include creative writing, gardening and playing the guitar. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: A cheap, high-throughput platform would allow investigators to Obesity is defined as a condition of excess weight gain which obtain a large amount of information quickly on cell behavior, increases the risk for conditions like type 2 diabetes and heart stem cell or not, in response to a novel therapeutic. disease. It is well known that a high-calorie diet rich in Simultaneous variation of two independent parameters would saturated fats contributes to excessive weight gain. However, drastically reduce the time needed to test out drugs on the role that saturated fats play in this process goes far beyond individual cell-environment conditions by a factor of 10 to 50. simple storage in fat tissue. Research in Stan’s lab suggests This in turn would drop screening costs, increase information that saturated fats may actually be encouraging the body to output, and possibly lead to important advancements in eat more food and burn less fat. His research will expand the understanding cell responses to particular stimuli. understanding of the deleterious effects of diets high in saturated fat in both the onset of obesity and heart disease. Awards and Honors: National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow Awards and Honors: Herman P. Schwan Bioengineering Award International Research Scholarship National Institutes of Health Bioengineering Summer Internship Rees-Stealy Foundation Fellowship Program Graduate Student Representative Tau Beta Pi AHA Predoctoral Fellowship Alpha Eta Mu Publications and Posters: Publications and Posters: Walls, S. et. al. Identification of Sphingolipid Metabolites that Zubair, A.; Burbelo, P. D.; Vincent, L. G.; Iadarola, M. J.; Smith, P. induce Obesity in flies via Misregulation of Caloric Intake and D.; and Morgan, N. Y. Microfluidic LIPS for serum antibody Fat Storage Mobilization. (In Review) detection: demonstration of a rapid test for HSV-2 infection. Walls, S. et.al. Disruptions in Sphingolipid metabolism induce Biomedical Microdevices 2011. Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Drosophila. (In Progress)

Vincent, L.; and Engler, A.J. Effect of substrate modulus on cell Tape, K.; Walls, S.; Champlin, L.; Harris, G. Involvement of function and differentiation. In Comprehensive Biomaterials, Sphingolipid Metabolism in the Regulation of SREBP Healy, K.E.; Ducheyne, P.; and J. Kirkpatrick, Ed.; Elsevier: New processing in adult Drosophila melanogaster. (In Progress) York, 2011. Wadum, M.; Walls, S.; Harris, G.; Knudsen, J. Disruption of Metter, R. B.; Ifkovits, J. L.; Hou, K.; Vincent, L.; Hsu, B.; Wang, ACBP expression alters fat metabolism, ovulation plus muscle L.; et al. Biodegradable fibrous scaffolds with diverse properties function and patterning in Drosophila melanogaster In by electrospinning candidates from a combinatorial macromer Resubmission. (In Progress) library. Acta Biomaterialia 2010, 6(4), 1219-1226.

33 KATHERINE WALSH SPENCER WEI University of California, San Diego University of California, San Diego Physical Sciences School of Medicine Degrees: Degrees: B.A. in Mathematics, George Washington B.A. in Molecular and Cell Biology, University Emphasis in Genetics, University of California, Berkeley Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Virginia Lynch Grady Endowment ARCS Foundation About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Katherine is studying the Colored Jones Polynomial and the Spencer is researching how increasing tissue stiffness Hyperbolic Volume Conjecture that come up in knot theory. promotes breast tumor metastasis and is identifying the Knot theory is the study of knots like those you tie on a string, factors that are involved in this process. Understanding but with the ends connected so that you have a complete circle. how these events unfold (what goes awry in cancer cells) Currently there is no way to tell from a picture of a general knot during carcinogenesis may lead to the development of whether you will be able to untangle it into a circle. The treatments for prevention of tumor metastasis and aid in Hyperbolic Volume Conjecture, if proved, will help answer the diagnosis of aggressive breast tumors. Spencer enjoys this question. Knot Theory has important connections with outdoor activities including basketball, football, cycling and higher-dimensional shapes and especially in geometrical soccer. physics. Katherine enjoys running and is a member of the Benefits to Society: San Diego Triathlon Team. Tissue stiffness and other mechanical signals are poorly Benefits to Society: described, particularly in terms of their role in Whenever there is an open question, mathematicians like to carcinogenesis. By understanding the molecular events that push it to the end of the line and then a bit farther. Knot drive tumor progression and metastasis scientist may be theory was studied for a long time without any known able to predict, or even prevent, such events from applications until it was later applied to the study of DNA. occurring. Thus, Spencer’s work may aid in the diagnosis of The research Katherine is doing now is important to knot aggressive breast tumors and lead to the development of theory within itself, since not much is known about the novel therapies aimed at preventing breast tumor coefficients of the Colored Jones Polynomial and their metastasis. These results will likely apply to other types of connection with the Hyperbolic Volume Conjecture. It may cancers as the relationship between tumor tissue stiffness also become important to a wider range of study, especially and metastasis has been described in other tumor types. in geometrical physics, as we learn more about it. This is a particularly attractive goal as the main cause of Awards and Honors: mortality in cancer patients is metastasis, so preventing the growth of metastasis is of the utmost urgency. Further- Association of Women in Mathematics, UCSD Chapter more, because the relationship between patient outcome, President metastasis, and tumor tissue stiffness correlates well in a Invited Graduate Student and Panelist at the Nebraska variety of cancer types, the therapies developed from this Conference for Undergraduate Women in Mathematics, approach may be effective in a wide range of patients. University of Nebraska-Lincoln Publications and Posters: Publications and Posters: Blanvillain, R.; Wei, S.; Wei, P.; Kim, J.H.; Ow, D.W. Stress Cull, P.; Walsh, K.; Wherry, J. Stability and Instability in One tolerance to stress escape in plants: role of the OXS2 Dimensional Population Models. Scientiae Mathematicae zincfinger transcription factor family. EMBO J. 2011, 30, 18, Japonicae (online) 2008, 29–48. 3812-22. Wei, S.; Blanvillain, R.; Ow, D.W. Effects of histone acetylation at the SOC1 locus in Arabidopsis. UC Berkeley Honors Poster Session, Berkeley, CA.; 2008.

34 ROBERT WILSON JENNIFER YOUNG San Diego State University University of California, San Diego College of Sciences Jacobs School of Engineering Degrees: Degrees: B.S. in Chemistry, California B.S. in Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnic State University, University of California, Davis San Luis Obispo Scholar Sponsors: Scholar Sponsors: Dick Iverson Memorial Fund, Emily T. Bagnall, George Smedes Poyner Foundation Jane K. Smith About the Scholar: About the Scholar: Jennifer is designing a material for use in treating heart Robert seeks to improve the current synthesis of gallium- patients suffering from heart failure. The stiffness of the nitride colloidal semiconductor nanoparticles by utilizing substrate on which a stem cell is placed influences what the molecular clusters as single source precursors. This cell ultimately differentiates into; this material will research could lead to the discovery of new families of differentiate stem cells toward heart cells with the molecules which will provide insight into the bonding and appropriate mechanical cues. When the heart fails, this chemical nature of bulk semi-conductors. The ultimate goal material could be delivered into the site of injury to restore is to assess the value of these nanoparticles as medical heart tissue structure and function, providing a better imaging agents. Robert’s long-term goal is to seek a faculty outcome for the patient. Jennifer has a wide spectrum of position at a research-oriented institution. Aside from interests, such as cooking, baking, traveling, painting, chemistry, Robert’s passion is snowboarding. drawing and photography. Benefits to Society: Benefits to Society: Nanocrystalline materials are of interest for their high Heart failure is the leading cause of death in the Western surface areas and size dependent electronic properties. world. Currently, there exists no treatment for heart failure. Colloidal (particles suspended in a solvent) nanocrystals are Minimally invasive biomaterial and/or cell treatments could advantageous for their ease of handling and low-cost, be the solution to finding a means to repair the heart post- versatile deposition options, such as spin coating. Often heart attack, thereby preventing heart failure and death. If these colloidal nanomaterials suffer from lattice and surface the stem cell/material treatment Jennifer is studying is defects and a lack of particle size uniformity. One strategy successful in restoring heart structure and function, a employed in their synthesis is the high temperature prolonged and improved quality of life of the patient will decomposition of a single-source precursor, which contains result. The ideas from her project can also be applied to all of the components of the desired material, in a other areas of cell therapy for many other types of diseases coordinating solvent. Robert’s lab seeks to contribute to this and disorders. Lastly, Jennifer’s project will contribute to a field through the synthesis of novel molecular gallium and greater understanding of stem cell biology and the indium nitrides and the evaluation of their utility as single extracellular matrix among the scientific community. source precursors to colloidal nanocrystalline materials. Awards and Honors: Potential applications of gallium nitride nanocrystals American Heart Association Pre-Doctoral Fellow include their use in light emitting diode (LED) and photovoltaic technologies. Indium nitride is thought to emit Publications and Posters: in the near infrared, making indium nitride nanocrystals Young, J.L.; Christman, K.L. and Engler, A.J. Stem cells for possible biomedical imaging agents. cardiac tissue engineering. In Stem Cells and Tissue Publications and Posters: Engineering; Li, S. et al.; Eds.; World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.: Hackensack, NJ, 2011. Wilson, R. J.; Jones, J. R.; Bennett, M. V. Gallium-Tin Nitrogen and Gallium Nitrogen molecules: Unprecedented Young, J.L.; Engler, A.J. Hydrogels with time-dependent examples of Anionic Ammonia analogues and molecular mechanical properties enhance cardiomyocyte Gallium Nitride. (In Submission) differentiation in-vitro. Biomaterials 2011, 32(4), 1002-1009. Wilson, R. J.; Bennett, M. V. Toward a family of Gallium and Indium Nitride containing molecules. 238th ACS National Meeting, Washington, DC, United States, August 16-20, 2009.

35 2010-2011 Donor Honor Roll

SAN DIEGO CHAPTER • JULY 1, 2010 – JUNE 30, 2011 Gifts received for awards to be made in the Academic Year 2011 - 2012

$48,000 Richard C. Atkinson Chan Poyner Pike Marie & Edward Kincade Reuben H. Fleet Elizabeth Beck Melanie Roper Helen & Webster Kinnaird Foundation Fund Bowden Family Foundation The Hal & Mary Sadler Candace Kohl at the Fidelity Joyce A. Butler Family Foundation Charitable Gift Fund $15,000 June Chocheles Jerrie & Jim Schmidt Janet LaMarche Beyster Family Cubic Corporation Bill & Astrid Shannon Yvonne W. Larsen Foundation Fund IV Peggy Elliott Jan Shaw Frank & Charlotte Leamy The Donald C. & Elizabeth M. Sally & Parker Finch Richard & Bobbie Vandervoort Sharon LeeMaster Dickinson Foundation Jeanette & Bobby Foushee Capt. & Mrs. Don Waggoner Joan Lightner Hervey Family Nancy Reed Gibson Non-Endowment Fund Jackie Linstrom Dick & Bea Hadinger Robin & Chuck Luby Ellen Browning Scripps Hank & Betty Harriman UPTO $499 Foundation Karen Ludwig Dr. & Mrs. E. Woodrow Hunt Jorgen Aasted Deborah & Fred Mandabach Nancy & David A. James Kate Adams $7,500 - $9,999 Diane Marinos Jim & Ann Lemke Connie & James Adelman The Thomas C. Ackerman Adrienne McCullough VADM & Mrs. William McCauley Judith & Dick Arendsee Foundation Janet & Craig Munson John & Ann Baker Anna McColl Carlos & Sharon Arbelaez Dale & Marge Robert & Maureen Bauchman Carol & Dr. Bill McDade The Legler Benbough Myers Fund Marla & Larry Black Kimberly H. Miller Foundation Pam & Phil Palisoul Margaret C. Bobertz Priscilla L. Moxley Kenneth & Marjorie Blanchard Marti & Frank Panarisi Bob & Marcia Borgman Caroline Murray The Collins Companies - Ty & Thomas G. & Audrey E. Pine Betty & Jim Brayshay Drs. Holly & Dennis Nappen Diane Miller Foundation Diane A. Chalmers Toni Nickell Cymer, Inc. Gloria McColl Powell Anne Coleman Ken & Marcia O’Neal Kathryn Crippen Duane Roth Hattox Fund Jean & Michael Collins John Orcutt Darlene V. Shiley French & Masserini Fund Louise Pelan Patricia Brander Stewart Andrea L. Correnti at Wells Fargo Susan Pondrom Dr. & Mrs. Blake Talbot Ruth Covell George Smedes Poyner Carol & Tom Domville Mary Lou & Harry Quick Foundation Lois S. Thompson Walter & Barbara Doren Paula Ray Margaret Roulette Honorable & Mrs. Gordon Thompson, Jr. Russell & Eloise Duff Kay Redmond The Routh Family Foundation Ann Rible Larry & Marti Showley Larry & Mara Ybarrondo Berit Durler Edwina & Roy Riblet Timken-Sturgis Foundation RADM & Mrs. Guy Zeller German Eichberger & Emily Olson Gisela Roha WD-40 Company $500 - $999 Doris & Peter Ellsworth Lois S. Roon Ann Siemens $5,000 - $7,499 Nancy Anderson Anne Evans The Richard M. Elkus Family Jerome & Mary Angel Patricia J. Van Every Ann Silliman Webster & Helen Kinnaird/Paul Barbara & Charles Arledge Holli Garrett Dr. Leslie Smart Bechtner Foundation Nancy & Mo Bildsoe Judith M. George Rita R. Sprague Union Bank Sue & Howard Busby Barbara & David Ilene E. Swartz Thomas F. Erickson Groce Fund Karen & Donald Tartre $2,500 - $4,999 Becki & Edward Etess Peggy Hanley Paula Taylor & Bernie Kulchin Emily Bagnall Joan & Milt Evangelou Eugene & Sally Hatfield Mr. & Mrs. Harry Teter Charles & Ruth Billingsley Dr. & Mrs. David Fitz Joanne & William Herrin M. Joan Thulin Foundation Karen Fontana Marilyn Halamandaris Yolanda Walther-Meade Samuel I. & John Henry Sandra Harris Gordon J. & Cecile Harmston Pattie Wellborn Fox Foundation Jim & Barbara Hartung Patricia Hartney Beverly & Allan Zukor Richard G. Lambert M.D. Foundation for Education Mrs. Phyllis Haynes Marge Hebert Lynne Martin Nancy & David Herrington Barbara & Kirk Henry =The San Diego Foundation Betty L. Peabody Andy & Karen Hewitt Hewlett Packard Peter Ho Susan Hoekenga & Edward = Fund managed Dr. Jane K. Smith by Union Bank Pat & Bob Whalen Mr. & Mrs. J. Richard Iverson Gergosian Bess Lambron Elizabeth M. Hubbard Hal & Betty Jo Williams The amounts above include Dr. & Mrs. William McColl Art Hughes donations to the ARCS Foundation $1,000 - $2,499 Helga S. Moore Richard & Cynthia Jackson Scholar Award Fund, Endowment, Janet Allison Dan & Mary Mulvihill Susan B. Jones and Memorial Funds.

36 2011-2012 ARCS® Membership

*C Kate M. Adams * Nancy Reed Gibson * Janet Munson Connie Adelman Shirley Godwin Holly Nappen Janet Allison C Monique Gray Toni Woodward Nickell *C Nancy Anderson Barbara Groce *C Marcia O'Neal Sharon Arbelaez Christine Gutheil C Anne Otterson *C Barbara Arledge Beatrice Hadinger Pamela Palisoul * Katherine Armagnac Margaret Hanley Marti Panarisi HE Rita Atkinson Betty Harriman Betty Peabody Ann Baker Sandra Harris Louise Pelan Maureen Basse Bauchman * Barbara Hartung Barbara Peterson * Mary Beall * Kathryn Crippen Hattox Chan Poyner Pike * Elisabeth Beck Phyllis Haynes Sue Pondrom * Pat Beck Marge Hebert Mary Lou Quick * Betty Beyster Joanne Herrin *C Paula Dickerson Ray * Judy Bieler * Nancy Herrington Katherine Redmond Nancy Lee Bildsoe Norma Hidalgo Del Rio * Ann Rible Marla B. Black * Ann Hill Edwina Riblet Marcia Borgman Nigella Hillgarth * Charlene Rights F Karen Bowden * Susan Hoekenga *C Lois Roon Betty Brayshay * Sandra Fleet Honnen * Margaret Roulette C Kathleen Buoymaster * Elizabeth Hubbard * Mary Sadler * Sue Busby * Coley Hunt C Jerrie Schmidt Joyce Butler * Ethel W. Iverson Astrid Shannon Patricia Carter Cynthia Jackson Janice Shaw Diane Annala Chalmers * Nancy James Marti Showley C Virginia Chasey Susan Jones Ann E. Siemens * Anne C. Coleman * Helen Kinnaird Ann Silliman Jean Collins Candace Kohl * Betty Simm Kim Conner Maureen Lamberti Jane K. Smith * Linda Copson * Bess Lambron * Patricia Brander Stewart Andrea Correnti C Yvonne Larsen Ilene Swartz Darlene Davies Jeanne Larson * Jean Talbot Carolyn Patton Detwiler * Sharon LeeMaster Karen W.Tartre * Carol Dickinson * Ann Lemke *C Jean Thompson * Barbara Doren H Nicola Green Lerner Lois S. Thompson Berit Durler * Jacqueline Linstrom Joan Thulin Ann Dynes Robin Luby *C Patricia Van Note Patricia Elkus F Karon Luce Barbara Vandervoort * Carolyn Elledge Karen G. Ludwig Lucy von Buttlar * Peggy Elliott H Mary E. Lyons Carolyn Waggoner Doris Ellsworth Deborah Mandabach Yolanda Walther-Meade Becki Lamont Etess Diane Marinos HE Susan Keim Weber C Joan Evangelou Lynne Martin F Patricia Wellborn *C Jane Fetter Mary Ann McCauley * Patricia Havill Whalen * Sally Shafer Finch F Barbara B. McColl *C Betty Jo Williams Mary Fitz *C Gloria D. McColl Powell Christina Wilson * Georg'Ann Fletcher Adrienne McCullough C, HE Gayle Wilson * Karen Fontana * Carol McDade C Joan G. Wilson Jeanette Foushee *C Diane Miller * Christie Wright H Marye Anne Fox Kimberly Miller Mara Ybarrondo Joy Frye Helga S. Moore Britt Zeller Holli Garrett Priscilla Moxley * Beverly Zukor *C Dottie Georgens * Mary Mulvihill

* = Associate, C = Charter, F = Founder, H = Honorary, HE = Honorary Emeritus 157 members National San Diego Awards to date: $78,645,569 Awards to date: $7,187,000 Scholars to date: 13,157 Scholars to date: 461 2010-2011 Awards: $3,884,623 2011-2012 Awards: $405,000 2010-2011 Scholars: 503 2011-2012 Scholars: 56 Current Schools: 52 Schools: 4 National Members: 1,613 Members: 157

For more information, please contact:

Robin Luby PHONE (858) 459-9455 | FAX (858) 459-7187 [email protected]

San Diego Chapter P. O. Box 8394, Rancho Santa Fe, CA 92067-8394 [email protected]