Promised Land P R I N G

Home , A Promised Land, John Andrew Jackson

Idea Book FO R EDU CATO RS®

® A&E : Born This Way

Modern Money

® Lifetime: National Women’s Soccer League

History Faceoff

America: S Promised Land P R I N G

2 0 1 7 SPRING 2017

F O R ED U CAT O RS®

President & General Manager, HISTORY he REVOLUTION JANA BENNETT AFFECTED VERY Managing Editor DIFFERENT GROUPS KIMBERLY GILMORE, PH.D. OF PEOPLE Contributing Editor BORN THIS WAY AMERICA: JULIE Seven young adults with PROMISED LAND PENHALLEGON Down syndrome defy An epic journey about 2 society’s expectations. 10 the peopling of America. NOW, IT CAN IMPACT YOURS. Business Coordinator LISSETTE FONG-BELLIARD

Senior Art Director JESSICA DECKER

Senior The American Revolution involved redcoats and loyalists. Patriots and Quakers. Project Manager JOHN HERING African Americans and Native Americans. Even a German Baroness. And at the

new Museum of the American Revolution, we tell all their stories in a very personal Copyeditor & way. Journey from the stirrings of discontent to the creation of a new nation Proofreader ESTHER SUNG alongside a trained Museum educator. Be among the first to experience the new centerpiece of Philadelphia’s historic district. Photos WOMEN’S SOCCER MODERN MONEY IAN LUCE, Lifetime partners American currency is trans- TANYA DOAN with the National Women’s formed for a new generation. Soccer League. YOU DON’T KNOW THE HALF OF IT. 18 22 Digital Production TIM CALL

OPENS APRIL 19 BOOK YOUR GROUP VISIT TODAY! 3RD & CHESTNUT STREETS, PHILADELPHIA [email protected]

Consider arguments for and against See the original tent where Climb aboard a privateer ship independence beneath a full-scale George Washington slept and worked and learn about how the war was replica of Boston’s Liberty Tree. while on the battlefield. fought on both land and sea.

HISTORY FACEOFF MORE IDEAS Presidents George Learn about new Washington and Abraham events and museum © 2017 A&E TELEVISION NETWORKS, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 0686. RESERVED. ALL RIGHTS LLC. TELEVISION NETWORKS, A&E © 2017 THINKSTOCK: WASHINGTON; GEORGE STOCKSY; MONEY; INSTITUTION BUG; CHIP CLARK / SMITHSONIAN 30 Lincoln are re-examined. 36 openings.

1 Idea Book Education

Guide

“I don’t want the whole society Born to limit me.” — Megan, Born This Way TM

Pre-Viewing Activities To the 1 Educator This Born This Way, Watch the Born This Way the Emmy Award- trailer in preparation winning series on for watching the series. A&E®, would be a great fit for a range 2 of classes including social studies, media Ask students to read the and current events. language guide on the It would be useful next page. This will help to show or discuss explain Down syndrome during after-school as well as set a frame- programs and work for understanding events. This series the experiences of the offers an excellent cast of Born This Way and opportunity for others with developmen- students and general tal disabilities. audiences to discuss and explore the 3 lives of those with Discuss the ways intellectual and descriptions can affect developmental people. Why is it im- disabilities. Born This portant to use language Way is appropriate carefully when talking for upper middle to anyone? Why is it im- school, high school portant to use language and college students. carefully when talking to people with differing abilities, like those with Down syndrome?

BORN THIS WAY – EDUCATION VERSION You can purchase the classroom edition of Born This Way Way on Amazon.com. 3 Idea Book BORN THIS WAY

THE NDSS Discussion Questions PREFERRED LANGUAGE GUIDE Download here for print and distribution. 1 2 3 4 ndss.org

Each of the young Megan states that In this series, we Many people with adults in Born This she does not want also hear a lot from Down syndrome Way™ has goals limits placed upon the parents who want to live as and aspirations. her because she talk about the joy independently as What are some of has Down syn- their children bring possible. Based on their aspirations? drome. What are to their lives. What the series, what How are they some of the actions are some of the are some ways working to achieve she’s taking to defy notable comments people with Down them? limits and exceed shared by the syndrome can be expectations? parents? in control of their “These tips will help provide own lives? appropriate language choices when talking about people 5 6 7 8

with Down syndrome.” - THE NATIONAL DOWN SYNDROME SOCIETY (NDSS) What are some of What role do How do you think In what ways has the career goals of friendships play in this series might society become the cast members the lives of those change perceptions more inclusive of in Born This Way? in Born This Way? about people with people with disabil- In what ways can Why are friendships Down syndrome? ities? In what society support so important How did it change areas could there those with Down in people’s lives? your own views? be improvement? People with Down “Typically devel- syndrome and syndrome should oping” or “typical” other disabilities in always be referred is preferred over Down vs. their career paths? to as people first. “normal.”

Avoid using “a “Intellectual disabil- Down syndrome ity” or “cognitive Down’s child”; instead, disability” has say “a child with replaced “mental Down syndrome.” retardation” as 9 10 11 12 Also avoid “Down’s appropriate terms. NDSS uses the preferred “Down syndrome,” rather child” and describ- than “Down’s syndrome.” The apostrophe s connotes What can you do What surprised What are some What do you feel is ing the condition NDSS strongly con- ownership or possession. now in your school you the most about of the challenges the most important as “Down’s,” as in, demns the use of and community to this series? faced by the cast takeaway from this Down syndrome is named for the English physician “He has Down’s.” the word “retarded” be more inclusive? members in Born series? What impact in any derogatory John Langdon Down, who characterized the condi- This Way? How are do you hope this Down syndrome context. Using this tion, but did not have it. their challenges series has on our is a condition word is hurtful and unique, and how society? What can While Down syndrome is listed in many dictionaries or a syndrome, suggests that peo- are they similar you do to help? with both popular spellings (with or without an apos- not a disease. ple with disabilities to the challenges trophe s), the preferred usage in the United States are not competent. many young is Down syndrome. The AP Stylebook recommends People “have” people face? Down syndrome, using Down syndrome, as well. they do not “suffer from” it and are not “afflicted by” it.

5 Idea Book

BORN THIS WAY

Did You Know? ELENA STEVEN RACHEL

With a flair for the dramatic, this Working as a dishwasher at Angel Rachel’s the maid of honor at her young woman embraces life. Stadium and in customer service at brother’s upcoming wedding. Though According to the U.S. Census, with intellectual and developmental She loves to cook, dance and write a grocery store, Steven is a huge she’d love to get married herself, she nearly one in five Americans have a disabilities. Two cast members, poetry and takes great pride in movie buff who knows the title and has to find the right guy. She works in disability. Currently 70 percent of Rachel and Sean, have been her independence. year of every Oscar®-winning film. the mailroom of an insurance company. working-age people with disabilities involved in Best Buddies’® friend- are not working — even though ship programs which partner peers most of them want jobs and — with and without intellectual independence. The numbers are and developmental disabilities — even worse for people with Down in one-on-one friendships. Meet syndrome. Many studies have Founded in 1989 by Anthony K. shown that people with disabilities, Shriver, Best Buddies® is a vibrant including those with Down syn- organization that has grown the drome, can work successfully and from one original chapter to more live relatively independently. Born than 1,900 chapters worldwide. This Way™ highlights the career Today, Best Buddies’® eight formal hopes and dreams of seven young programs — Middle Schools, Cast adults with Down syndrome. High Schools, Colleges, Citizens, The Institute for Corporate e-Buddies®, Jobs, Ambassadors and CRISTINA SEAN Productivity has created a research Promoters — engage participants report about the capabilities of in each of the 50 states and in over This loving and compassionate young An excellent golfer and avid those with intellectual and devel- 50 countries, positively affecting adult works in a middle school. In her sportsman, Sean is a self-professed opmental disabilities. Visit cec- the lives of more than 900,000 free time she loves talking on the ladies’ man who is not shy about como.org to download the report. people with and without disabilities phone with Angel, her boyfriend of four introducing himself to every eligible around the world. In many cases, years and the man she plans to marry. woman he meets. Spotlight on as a result of their involvement with Best Buddies® Best Buddies®, people with intellec- of ® A&E is pleased to tual and developmental disabilities join with Best Buddies® secure rewarding jobs, live on their to share information about their own, become inspirational leaders Born organization. and make lifelong friendships. Best Buddies® is a nonprofit For more information, please visit 501(c)(3) organization dedicated bestbuddies.org, and follow them on This to establishing a global volunteer Facebook and Twitter. movement that creates opportuni- TM ties for one-to-one friendships, Way integrated employment and leadership development for people JOHN MEGAN

From a very young age, John made Megan has created Megology, it clear to his parents that he craved a clothing brand, while pursuing her the spotlight. A born entertainer, dream of becoming a film producer. John is committed to his music and She’s also committed to spreading is pursuing a career in rap. the word that society shouldn’t limit adults with disabilities. 7 Idea Book BORN THIS WAY

Recommended Reading

FOR CHILDREN FOR ADULTS

In My World: Down Sophie’s Tales: Overcoming Enabling Acts: The Syndrome (AuthorHouse, Obstacles (Sophie’s Tales, Hidden Story of How 2013) by Gabriella Llano 2012) by Melanie Patico. the Americans with and Tiziana Vazquez. With A dog with a cochlear Disabilities Act Gave the support of her family, a implant meets Champ, the Largest US Minority girl with Down syndrome another dog who wears Its Rights (Beacon Press, lives her life and learns to glasses, and they talk about 2015) by Lennard J. accept herself. Elementary- disability. Ages 3 to 10. Davis. A gripping and school age. nuanced telling of the Taking Down Syndrome behind-the-scenes efforts My Brother Charlie to School (Special Kids to pass the Americans (Scholastic Press, 2010) by in School) (JayJo Books, with Disabilities Act. Holly Robinson Peete and 2002) by Jenna Glatzer. Ryan Elizabeth Peete. Story Picture book about what Far from the Tree: Parents, told from the point of view it is like to have Down Children and the Search of the twin sister of a boy on syndrome in school. for Identity (Scribner, the autism spectrum. Elementary-school age. 2012) by Andrew Solomon. Grades K–2. A deeply touching look at We’ll Paint the Octopus how parents and children My Friend Isabelle Red (Woodbine House, can learn to accept and (Woodbine House, 2003) 1998) by Stephanie Stuve- embrace differences. The by Eliza Woloson. The story Bodeen. A six-year-old girl people featured demon- of a friendship when one learns how to be a good strate how lives with of the friends has Down big sister to a baby brother extreme challenges also syndrome. Grades K–2. with Down syndrome. have extreme value. Grades K–3. My Sister, Alicia May No Pity: People with EXPLORE GLOBAL DOWN RESOURCES (Pleasant St. Press, 2009) by Wonder (Knopf Books Disabilities Forging a New Visit the Born This SYNDROME FOR FAMILIES Way™ website to FOUNDATION EXPECTING #BornThisWay Nancy Tupper Ling. What for Young Readers, 2012) Civil Rights Movement follow this series. globaldown OR RAISING A it’s like to grow up with a by R.J. Palacio. A story (Broadway Books, 1994) syndrome.org/ CHILD WITH facebook.com/ sister with Down syndrome. about a boy born with facial by Joseph P. Shapiro. A BORN THIS DOWN SYNDROME AETV Grades 1–3. defects. Ages 8 to 12. historical, in-depth look at W A Y – RESPECTA- The Human Development EDUCATION BILITY USA @AETV people with disabilities Institute at the University VERSION RespectAbility’s of Kentucky offers Popping Wheelies Coloring as well as the advocacy You can purchase the website offers lesson excellent publications youtube.com Book, Volume 1 (Popping efforts that led to the classroom edition plans and classroom for families who are /watch? Wheelies LLC, 2014) by passage of the Americans of Born This Way on explorations related to expecting or raising a child v=v7zIJAPF Susan K. Nuenke. Coloring with Disabilities Act. Amazon.com. disability. respectability with Down Syndrome. gOM&feature usa.com/ =youtu.be book featuring drawings of Visit lettercase.hdi.uky. BEST BUDDIES® edu to explore and learn kids with disabilities. DOWN bestbuddies.org/ how you can order these SYNDROME Elementary-school age. publications. SPECIAL DIAGNOSIS OLYMPICS NETWORK specialolympics.org/ dsdiagnosis network.org

8 9 Idea Book Idea Book NAME HERE TEEKAY: TEEKAY AMER I CA:

PROMISED LAND

“Migration is a kind of gamble. But also, a kind of second chance — the ability to move to a different society, in a different part of the world and start over again.”

Anchored by interviews with descendants of ancestors whose stories are featured through- out the event series and with To the n the history of man- geographical imagery, America:

kind, no society has re- Promised Land uncovers the Educator I ceived more immigrants great forces that set mankind America: Promised Land would be useful than the United States. in motion. This series chroni- for history, American America: Promised Land tells cles major events including the culture, social studies, the epic story of the peopling of California Gold Rush, the role geography, journalism America. From the Dutch fur of German immigrants in the and ethnic studies traders who shaped the New Union Army during the Civil courses. It is recom- World to the post-World War II War, the Great Migration of mended for 6th grade immigrants who helped forge African Americans to the North students and above. It connects with many modern America, this special and West and the building of state standards and presentation charts over 20 the Transcontinental Railroad. curriculum bench- massive migrations. Students Together, these stories will marks in history and will learn about how, why and give students new insights into social studies. when waves of immigrants American history and help them Families are encour- arrived in America as they fled think in new ways about our aged to watch this famines, pogroms and climate nation’s past. series together and discuss its meaning events. This four-hour special and relevance in also explores how enslaved relation to their own Africans, forced through the family histories. Middle Passage, endured the brutality of slavery and ulti- mately reshaped the United States. TEEKAY CREDTIS HERE TEEKAY

10 Idea Book AMERICA; PROMISED LAND

Terms to Define Define the terms below Discussion Questions individually or in small groups to explore the themes EPISODE 1 and topics explored in America: Promised Land.

Abolitionism 1 2 3 4

One series com- Why were the Immigrants to Why did the Quak- Cold War mentator says, majority of the early colonies ers leave England? “Immigration immigrants to the encountered Native What were some hasn’t just trans- early American American groups of the ideas and formed America, colonies young as they settled beliefs they brought Epidemic immigration is men? the New World. with them to America.” What What were areas the New World? do you think this of conflict and co- Fugitive statement means? operation between Do you agree with Europeans and this idea? indigenous people?

Immigrant

Industrialization 5 6 7 8

By the 1840s, half What obstacles What did enslaved At the time of the Ingenuity the world was did Lucinda Brown people like John Civil War, there technically owned face on her journey Andrew Jackson were four million by very few people. to Oregon? What risk by trying to enslaved African Innovation Why do you think do you think she escape to freedom? Americans. What some individuals hoped to achieve by How did Jackson were some of the were able to amass moving West? influence American ways they struggled so much wealth history? to find freedom Migrant while others despite the brutality remained poor? of slavery?

Nativism

PRE-VIEWING Nomadic 9 10 11 12 QUESTIONS How do you think How did the Gold Chinese railroad Can you think of

Persecution the ability to send Rush stimulate workers were shut other examples 1 2 3 mail across the the transportation out of many of the of immigrants or Atlantic Ocean industry? official photos ethnic groups being What does it mean to re- What does the word What are “push/pull helped accelerate of the completion shut out of official fer to America as a “prom- “immigration” mean? factors”? Students Pogrom immigration from of the trans- histories or stories? ised land”? Students can Why have so many people can review an outline Ireland and other Continental rail- explore this question chosen to immigrate to describing push and European countries road. Why is this before they watch, and the United States? When pull factors here: bbc. to the U.S.? kind of erasure Tenement then write an essay about were people forced to co.uk/schools/gcsebite- significant? this concept after they come to the U.S.? (It is im- size/geography/ watch. In what cases was portant to make a distinc- migration/migration_ America a promised land tion between immigration trends_rev2.shtml. Vaquero and in what cases was and the forced movement

it quite the opposite? of enslaved people.) DIVISION AND PHOTOGRAPHS PRINTS OF CONGRESS, LIBRARY

12 13 Idea Book Idea Book AMERICA; PROMISED LAND

Viewing Chart Ask students to answer the questions while they are watching an episode of this series. The information they Discussion Questions fill in will be helpful for the discussion questions and activities that follow. EPISODE 2 What was the subject of this episode?

1 2 3 4

What are a few things you knew Many immigrant Why was the steam How can elected Who was Irving about the topic before you watched the The Statue of Liberty was one of the first sights many groups have engine such an officials from Berlin, and episode? immigrants saw upon entering New York Harbor. brought special skills important innova- diverse immigrant what was his The poem was inspired by the possibilities of freedom with them to the tion in the logging backgrounds like contribution to and equality new immigrants faced. It can be found U.S. What special industry? What role Patrick MacGuire in American history on a plaque inside the statue's pedestal. skill or area of exper- did Scandinavians 1880s Boston help and culture? tise did the Menno- play in helping this the ethnic groups nites bring? Can you industry thrive? they represent? What are a few of the facts in this think of examples Why is it meaning- episode you found most interesting? THE NEW of special skills ful to have elected brought by other leaders from di- COLOSSUS immigrant groups? verse backgrounds? BY EMMA LAZARUS, NEW YORK CITY, 1883

What information in this episode was Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, most surprising to you? With conquering limbs astride from land to land; 5 6 7 8 Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame

Why do you think What hardships did What does it mean What role did What additional questions do you Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name it was so important Polish steelworkers to call Chicago the railroads play in the have about this topic? Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand to Chinese Amer- face in Chicago? “Silicon Valley of Great Migration of icans to rebuild Why do you think the 19th century”? African Americans Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command

Chinatown after the they continued to from the South The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. 1906 San Francisco pursue jobs in the to the North? Why earthquake? steel industry de- did so many African What were some of the main topics “Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she spite the hardships? Americans flee covered in this episode? With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor, the South? Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore, Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, What are a few of the facts or stories in 9 10 11 12 this episode you found most interesting? I lift my lamp beside the golden door!” Why was the 1938 What was the Bra- What was Oper- What role has U.S. Discussion Questions boxing match cero program, and ation Pedro Pan? foreign policy or 1. What do you think is meant by “Mother of Exiles”? between Joe Louis why was it initiated What do you think intervention in other and Max Schmeling during World War II? the experience was countries played What information in this episode was 2. Lazarus states that the Statue of Liberty “glows world-wide so important? like for Cuban chil- in immigration? For most surprising to you? welcome.” What does this phrase mean? Do you think this dren who were part example, why did has always been true based on your knowledge of Ellis Island? of this program? so many Vietnam- 3. What do you think are the most famous lines in this What do you think ese immigrants poem? Why? it was like when seek new lives in Mel Martinez was the U.S.? 4. In this poem, Lazarus suggests that the Statue of Liberty reunited with his What additional questions do you have can speak without a having a true voice. How do you parents? think she would argue that the Statue of Liberty is able to about this topic? communicate without words? 5. Based on reading this poem, how would you describe

NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND ARCHIVES RECORDS ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL Lazarus’s views on immigration?

14 15 Idea Book Idea Book AMERICA; PROMISED LAND 1

Activities 1 Map of the Louisiana Purchase 1 2 3 4 2 Homesteaders The Citizenship Quiz. The Great Migration. Immigration History Ellis Island Oral Histories. HISTORY developed Learn more about Timeline. View a basic Students can view and 3 Migrant worker picking cotton the Citizenship Quiz to the Great Migration: timeline of some key U.S. analyze a rich collection challenge all Americans to smithsonianmag. immigration history dates: of oral histories from learn the answers to the com/history/long-last- digitalhistory.uh.edu/ immigrants who arrived 100 questions on the U.S. ing-legacy-great-migra- timelines/timelinetopics. in America through Ellis citizenship test: history. tion-180960118/. Write cfm?tltopicid=7. Students Island at nps.gov/elis/ com/interactives/citizen- a synopsis or discuss can also create their own learn/education/class- ship-quiz. with the class. timelines with additional rooms/oral-histories.htm. dates and information they learned from watching the series. AMERICA: 2 PROMISED LAND history.com/shows/ america-promised-land 3 Primary Sources THE CITIZENSHIP QUIZ 1 3 5 7 history.com/interactives/ citizenship-quiz

The Naturalization Acts Let’s All Be Americans The Golden Spike. The Homestead Act of NATIONAL of 1790 and 1795. Now. During World War Railroad barons cele- 1862. The Homestead ARCHIVES These acts were the first I, Irving Berlin wrote a brated the completion Act provided 160 acres Milestone documents, laws to stipulate who song called “Let’s All Be of the first transconti- of western lands to along with teaching could gain citizenship in Americans Now” with nental railroad on May some citizens who met tools: ourdocuments.gov the U.S.: mountvernon. the goal of uniting the 10, 1869 at Promontory certain requirements: org/education/primary- nation: loc.gov/resource/ Summit, Utah: gilderleh- ourdocuments.gov/doc. LIBRARY OF sources-2 /article/natural- ihas.200198752.0/?sp=2. rman.org/history-by-era/ php?doc=31. (Additional CONGRESS ization-acts-of-1790- What is the main message development-west/ information and lesson loc.gov/exhibits/ and-1795/. Discuss who of the song? Why did Ber- resources/official-pho- plan activities created treasures and was eligible to become lin write it when he did? tograph-from-“gold- by the National Park BOOKS loc.gov/teachers/ a citizen and who was en-spike”-ceremony-1869. Service: nps.gov/home/ classroommaterials/ excluded. 4 Who was excluded from learn/education/upload/ themes/immigration/ the official story and why? Unit%202.pdf.) Discuss its The Price for Their Pound Harvest of Empire: Atlas of American exhibitions.html 2 John Andrew Jackson: outcomes. of Flesh: The Value of A History of Latinos in History, 4th Edition The Experience of a Slave 6 STATUE OF the Enslaved, from America, Revised (Facts on File, 2006) The Compromise of 1850. in South Carolina. In 1862, 8 LIBERTY/ This series discusses the John Andrew Jackson’s Chinese Exclusion Act of Womb to Grave, in the Edition (Penguin, 2011) by Gary Nash and ELLIS ISLAND Building of a Nation by Juan Gonzalez Carter Smith, Editors TIMELINE Compromise of 1850: narrative of his life as an 1882. The Chinese Exclu- The Immigration Act of ourdocuments.gov/ doc. enslaved person and his sion Act made it illegal for 1924. Also known as the (Beacon Press, 2017) by libertyellisfoundation. php?doc=27. Read and journey to freedom was Chinese laborers to im- Johnson-Reed Act, this Diana Ramey Berry Encyclopedia of The Columbia Guide org/immigration-timeline analyze this series of published: docsouth.unc. migrate to the U.S. for 10 set in place an immigra- Native Tribes of North to Asian American bills and discuss their edu/fpn/jackson/jackson. years. Have students read tion quota: digitalhistory. THE implications. What were html. Focus on Chapter this act and research how uh.edu/disp_textbook. Give Me Liberty! America, 2nd Edition History (Columbia SMITHSONIAN the five statues approved V in which Jackson tells and why it was created: cfm?smtID=3&psid=1116, An American History, (Firefly Books, 2014) by University Press, 2001) NATIONAL by Congress? Write a the story of his escape to ourdocuments.gov/doc. historymatters.gmu. Volumes 1, 2, and Michael Johnson by Gary Okihiro MUSEUM OF short summary of these freedom. Have students php?doc=47. edu/d/5078. What did the Sourcebook AMERICAN HISTORY statutes. write either a letter from act say about who could (W.W. Norton, 2006) Angel Island: Immigrant The Island at the Jackson’s perspective or enter the U.S. each year? Timelines and a short essay about what Did the act prioritize spe- by Eric Foner Gateway to America Center of the World: background information they learned from his cific immigrant groups? (Oxford University Press, The Epic Story of Dutch on a wide range of narrative. A Nation of Nations: 2010) by Erika Lee and Manhattan and the U.S. history topics: A Great American Judy Yung Forgotten Colony americanhistory.si.edu/ Immigration Story That Shaped America

AND ARCHIVES RECORDS ADMINISTRATION; 1 NATIONAL DIVISION AND PHOTOGRAPHS PRINTS OF CONGRESS, 2,3 LIBRARY (Simon & Schuster, 2015) (Vintage Books, 2005) by Tom Gjelten by Russell Shorto

16 Idea Book ... O N E

THE HEADER

NATIONAL AT A W WOMEN’S TIME SOCCER BY ELIZABETH THORP

hether you’re a soccer W player or fan, you prob- LEAGUE ably watched or heard about the epic win by the American women’s soccer team at the 2015 FIFA Women’s World Cup in Vancouver, Canada. Though IS the U.S. women’s team was the un- derdog, they defeated the Japanese women’s team in a spectacular win that made news around the world. It even earned them the cover of BRINGING Sports Illustrated. The 2015 U.S. Women’s National Team also set a television ratings record during that final match against Japan, making it the most- SOCCER watched soccer match in U.S. history. According to FOX Television, the match had 23.5 million viewers, an increase of 77% compared with the 2011 FIFA Women’s World Cup BACK ... final, which was a showdown between the two same teams. (Japan won that match.) But did you know that America’s official women’s soccer league didn’t even officially launch until To the Educator the 1970s? Probably when your Lifetime® recently launched a new partnership with the parents were your age! This was a National Women’s Soccer League (NWSL). The network half a century after the men’s soc- airs NWSL games on Saturdays. Ask students to read this cer league (known as the American article to learn more about the history of the sport. Visit Soccer League) started in 1921. mylifetime.com/shows/national-womens-soccer-league to learn more about the partnership, find game schedules and more. WOMEN’S SOCCER

THE U.S. WOMEN’S TEAM IS RANKED NUMBER 1 IN THE EVOLUTION JUST OF FOOTBALL THE WORLD BY FIFA AND In many countries around the FOR FUN world, soccer is known as “foot- HAS HELD THE TOP SPOT ball.” According to the Fédération BEND IT LIKE Internationale de Football Asso- BECKHAM FOR THE PAST FIVE YEARS. ciation (FIFA), the first earliest A must-see soccer recordings of a soccer-type game movie about a girls’ soccer club team in was in the second and third cen- England. A teenager turies BC during the Han Dynasty, from an Indian when Chinese soldiers kicked a family is a talented fur-stuffed leather ball through and passionate two trees or bamboo reeds as a soccer player, and her love of the game military exercise. They could not MORE RESOURCES THE HISTORY OF doesn’t jibe well FOR SOCCER LOVERS FOOTBALL use their hands — only their feet. with her family’s Learn about Lifetime’s fifa.com/about-fifa/ It was called Tsu Chu. There was traditional values. partnership with NWSL and who-we-are/the-game/ also a version of this in ancient foxsearchlight.com/ find out how you can watch Rome and a medieval version in benditlikebeckham/ games live: mylifetime.com/ THE HISTORY OF England that used an inflated shows/national-womens- OLYMPIC SOCCER KICK LIKE soccer-league TEAMS pig’s bladder! It is thought that A GIRL livestrong.com/article/ the Romans brought “football” An funny and honest FIND A LEAGUE 353262-the-history- with them to northern France and documentary about usyouthsoccer.org/ of-soccer-teams-in-the- England. The Mighty olympic-games/ Cheetahs, an Modern soccer as we know it FIND A SOCCER CLUB undefeated third ussoccerda.com/girls- U.S. WOMEN’S had its origins England. “Football” grade girls’ soccer the same fields as men. This hampered the rise of (1996, 2004, 2008, 2012). Currently, the U.S. women’s academy-club-directory SOCCER in the British Isles from the eighth team that competes women’s soccer until 1971 when the English Football team is ranked number 1 in the world by FIFA and sites.duke.edu/wcwp/ to the 19th centuries featured in the boys league. Association finally lifted the ban. has held the top spot for the past five years. NWSL, FIND A U.S. SOCCER research-projects/womens- many different regional versions: Narrated by Just a year after the ban was lifted in England, run by the United States Soccer Federation, contin- TRAINING CENTER soccer-in-the-u-s/ eight-year-old Lizzie. football, rugby football and, in women’s soccer in America got a big boost from ues to propel women’s professional soccer and rep- No-cost training is open to kicklikeagirl elite players from any club: WOMEN’S Ireland, Gaelic football. It wasn’t movie.com/ Title IX. Title IX is a federal civil rights law that, in resents the sport’s highest level in the United States. ussoccerda.com/about- NATIONAL TEAM until 1863 that a group of British part, prohibits discrimination in education based on training-centers ussoccer.com/womens- schools and clubs came together AIR BUD gender. Title IX requires equal funding to both men’s FUTURE U.S. WOMEN’S national-team to make the first official rules of WORLD PUP and women’s sports in colleges. Because of Title IX, SOCCER STARS PRO WOMEN’S A heartwarming the game. This is when rugby and women’s soccer started becoming a popular sport at Today, soccer is more popular than ever. U.S. SOCCER MATCHES THE STORY OF movie for all ages. nwslsoccer.com/ WOMEN’S SOCCER soccer officially split. Buddy is back and American schools and colleges. Youth Soccer is the largest sports association in the historycooperative.org/ helping his teenage In 1991, the inaugural women’s FIFA World Cup country with 3 million kids between the ages of 5 and #SHEBELIEVES goal-the-story-of-how- THE STORY OF owner Josh on was held in China, 61 years after the first men’s 19 participating. Of these 3 million kids, nearly half Developed by the U.S. womens-soccer-rose-to- WOMEN’S SOCCER the field in pursuit World Cup. The U.S. women’s team won their first of them are girls. These girls are the NWSL stars of Women’s National Team, fame/ of the state soccer Almost 40 years later, in 1900, World Cup and generated a national love and excite- tomorrow. SheBelieves is a movement championship. to encourage young girls and 1991 WOMEN’S soccer became an official sport of buddies.disney.com/ ment for the game. According to U.S. Youth Soccer, girls’ club partic- women to accomplish their WORLD CUP RECAP the modern Olympic Games. Still, air-bud-world-pup In 2001, the Women’s United Soccer Association ipation is up 37% in the last 20 years, while partici- goals, athletic or otherwise. sites.duke.edu/wcwp/ though it was popular in England, was created but suspended operations in 2003. It was pation in high school soccer programs has also seen ussoccer.com/womens- tournament-guides/ there was no official women’s replaced in 2009 with Women’s Professional Soccer, a 45% boost between 1999 and 2014. These figures national-team/shebelieves world-cup-2015-guide/ soccer. In 1920, two women’s but that league faced financial difficulties and ulti- don’t take into account the recent increase in interest history-of-the-womens- U.S. YOUTH SOCCER world-cup/1991-womens- soccer teams played each other mately folded. Finally, in November 2012, the Nation- due to the incredible performance of the U.S. wom- usyouthsoccer.org/ world-cup-in-china/ in front of a huge crowd of 53,000 al Women’s Soccer League (NWSL) was launched, en’s soccer team at the 2015 World Cup. spectators in Liverpool, England. and the professional women’s league started to play There is no doubt that American girls’ soccer is on The English Football Association in April 2013. the rise and that there are many Mia Hamms, Abby was threatened by the magnitude Since its tentative beginnings, the U.S. women’s Wambachs and Carli Lloyds kicking soccer balls in of this match, so they banned soccer team has won two World Cups (1991 and schoolyards and backyards. Perhaps one day you will women from playing soccer on 1999) and an incredible four Olympic gold medals be a professional women’s soccer player!

21 Idea Book Modern - PROVIDED BY THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Currency Redesign theTreasury’sof The U.S. Department Suitable forgrades history ofcurrency of $5,$10 and$20 tent withstudents to helpthemgain shaping ourpast. of thenextseries and theredesign the roleof Amer

notes, aswell Explore thecon- useful for civics, useful forcivics, nomics courses. insights intothe Educator events andeco- guide wouldbe history, current this curriculum ican womenin social studies, 6 andabove, To the

Money american-currency content/history- uscurrency.gov/ PROGRAM EDUCATION CURRENCY . S . U reference source.] dictionary oranother the definitionina have themlookup term “aesthetic,”the are notfamiliarwith [Teachers, ifstudents nical andaesthetic. rency redesign:tech- components ofcur There aretwomain Currency? Redesign Do We Why of currency design that particular era reinforce athemefor reflect thepastand and conceptsthat monuments, symbols by depictingpeople, American history Institutionalize our GOALS AESTHETIC 2 confidence Maintain public usability Provide accessand authentication public’s useand Facilitate the counterfeiting features todeter logically advanced unique andtechno- currency employs Ensure thatU.S. GOALS TECHNICAL 1

MODERN MONEY

THE NEW America’s currency is a 20 statement about who we are as a nation. Our DOLLAR NOTE modern money honors our history and celebrates our values. Building on tremendous feedback from 1 2 Americans across our

The front of the new $20 will During the Civil War, she was country about the theme feature the portrait of Harriet Tub- active in the Union cause, serving as man, whose life was dedicated to a nurse, a cook and a scout, gather- of democracy, the Treasury fighting for liberty. The reverse of ing intelligence. the new $20 will display The White Looking back on her life, Harriet House and an image of President Tubman said, “I would fight for lib- Department will create new Andrew Jackson. erty so long as my strength lasted.” After the war, she supported the design concepts for the Harriet Tubman cause of women’s suffrage and was Harriet Tubman (1) was born into active in suffragist organizations. slavery. After she escaped, she She died in 1913 and was buried $20, $10 and $5 dollar notes. became a conductor on the Under- with military honors. ground Railroad (2), helping slaves escape to freedom.

HARRIET TUBMAN history.com/topics/black- history/harriet-tubman/ videos/harriet-tubman-and- the-underground-railroad PREVIOUS PAGE: STOCKSY PAGE: PREVIOUS OHIO HISTORY CREDIT: PHOTO BUILDING, BOSTON. STUDIO H.G. SMITH, BY C. 1887 TUBMAN, DATED HARRIET THE IN C. 1893, THIS PAINTING, IN RAILROAD THE UNDERGROUND ALONG TRAVELED CONNECTION (OHC). SLAVES OF CONGRESS. LIBRARY CREDIT: WEBBER. PHOTO T. CHARLES MUSEUM BY ART CINCINNATI

24 25 Idea Book Idea Book

MODERN MONEY

THE NEW 10 DOLLAR NOTE 1 2 3

4 5

1 Alice Paul c. 1920

2 Elizabeth Cady Stanton 1 c. 1910

3 Sojourner Truth c. 1870

4 Susan B. Anthony c. 1908

The new $10 will celebrate the Women’s Suffrage 5 Lucretia Mott c. 1860–1880 history of the women’s suffrage Treasury’s relationship with the

movement, honoring the leaders suffrage movement dates to the of the movement and depicting the Women’s Suffrage Parade of 1913 March of 1913, a march for women’s (1) , when thousands marched down suffrage from the U.S. Capitol to the Pennsylvania Avenue from the U.S. steps of the Treasury Department. Capitol to the Treasury Department The front of the $10 will contin- in Washington, DC. On the steps of ue to feature Alexander Hamilton, the Treasury Building, the marchers our nation’s first Treasury Secretary demanded an amendment to the DID YOU KNOW? SOJOURNER TRUTH and the architect of our economic Constitution enfranchising women. WOMEN ON PAST history.com/topics/black- system. The new $10 pays tribute to the history/sojourner-truth/videos leaders of the movement—Lucretia CURRENCIES Mott, Sojourner Truth, Susan B. LUCRETIA MOTT history.com/topics/womens- Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton A portrait of Martha Washington, believed to have been engraved history/lucretia-mott/videos and Alice Paul, who were all instru- by Charles Kennedy Burt in 1875, mental in the passage of the 19th appeared on the face of the 1886 THE WOMEN’S Amendment. and 1891 $1 Silver Certificate. SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT history.com/topics/womens- history/the-fight-for-womens- suffrage An engraving of John G Chapman’s Baptism of Pocahantas was featured on the back

GRAND MARSHAL MRS. RICHARD COKE BURLESON (CENTER, ON HORSEBACK) LEADING A A LEADING RICHARD COKE BURLESON (CENTER, ON HORSEBACK) MRS. GRAND MARSHAL OF LIBRARY CREDIT: PHOTO C.1902–1920.) DATE (PHOTO 3, 1913. ON MARCH MARCH SUFFRAGE GALLERY PORTRAIT OF CONGRESS; 3 NATIONAL 1,2,4,5 LIBRARY OPPOSITE: CONGRESS. side of the $20 National Bank Notes issued in 1863 and 1875.

26 Idea Book

MODERN MONEY

THE NEW Activities and Discussion 5 Questions DOLLAR NOTE 1 2

EXPLORE Which person that Read about the will be featured on evolution of currency new U.S. currency design in America. United States notes do you connect Discuss the process as with the most? Dis- a group. Specifically Treasury cuss your answer with discuss the techniques your class or group. used to prevent Who would you have counterfeiting. Secretary Jacob picked, and why? 1 Lew describes currency, changes

In his April 26, 2016 letter to the American 3 4 people, then United States Treasury Secretary Ask students to take Have students read The reverse of the new $5 will The Lincoln Memorial has long Jacob Lew explained the process of redesigning a moment to think former U.S. Treasury honor historic events that occurred served as a place where people currency and the decision to put Harriet Tub- about today’s current Secretary Jacob Lew’s at the Lincoln Memorial in service gathered to complete that unfin- man on the front of a new $20 note. events. Which con- message about U.S. of our democracy, and will feature ished work. Students can read former U.S. Treasury temporary woman currency redesign. might be featured What does he say Marian Anderson, Eleanor Roos- In 1939 — at a time when concert Secretary Lew’s letter and discuss how and why on future currency? about why Harriet evelt and Martin Luther King, Jr. halls were still segregated — world- currency changes are made, and the role the Why? Students can Tubman was chosen The front of the new $5 will retain renowned opera singer Marian public played in recent changes. write a short essay or to be featured on President Lincoln’s portrait. Anderson helped advance civil rights op-ed explaining their the $20? What role when, with the support of First Lady choice. did Americans play in this process? The Lincoln Memorial Eleanor Roosevelt, she performed In the Gettysburg Address, at the Lincoln Memorial in front of President Abraham Lincoln called 75,000 people. for a “new birth of freedom,” urging And in 1963, Martin Luther Americans to do their part to com- King, Jr. (1) delivered his historic “I AN OPEN LETTER plete the “unfinished work” ahead. Have a Dream” speech at the same FROM SECRETARY LEW 5 monument in front of hundreds of medium.com/@USTreasury/ an-open-letter-from-secretary- Americans from many backgrounds played thousands. lew-672cfd591d02#.tttmxlq0z a role in the conversation about which women should be added to redesigned currency. OP-ED RESPONSE Ask students to survey the list of women who TO CURRENCY were recommended to be featured on the new REDESIGN PROPOSAL note here and choose one. Research and write a modernmoney.treasury.gov/ short biography about that woman’s life. news/treasury%E2%80%99s- brilliant-plan-redesign-

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS LIBRARY us-currency-washington-post

28 Idea Book HISTORY F A C E Who Was the Greatest President — Washington or Lincoln?

B Y CHRISTOPHER KLEIN O F

HISTORY FACEOFF

The didn’t want to be president more than George Washington. He knew no person could enter and exit the office with the same level of reputation. He tried to quit after his first term but was told the republic couldn’t survive without him.” E In spite of pleas to remain in office, Washington stepped aside after two terms with a memorable goodbye to the To the Case for American people. “The big thing with Washington’s Educator farewell address wasn’t the address but the farewell,” Ellis Historians Joseph says. “People think they can’t exist without him. He is the

Ellis and Harold closest thing to an indispensable figure in American histo- Holzer explore the ry, and yet by exiting he sends the signal that no person in presidencies of George Washington the republic is indispensable. Everyone is disposable.” and Abraham Lincoln Washington, of course, wasn’t immune from America’s and debate about “original sin.” His wealth was built upon the backs which of the two of hundreds of slaves who lived at Mount Vernon, men was the better George Washington was not just “first in war, first in although Ellis notes that the first president is the only commander-in-chief. peace and first in the hearts of his countrymen,” as he was one of the Founding Fathers from Virginia to free his This debate is an eulogized by Henry Lee, but first among America’s chief slaves upon his death. “Washington knows that if excellent way for students to talk executives in the minds of many presidential scholars, you start to argue about slavery in the early years it about the presiden- including Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Joseph Ellis. would have destroyed the republic. He believes the cies of both men, After leading the Continental Army to an improbable time to debate it is 1808 when the slave trade ends.” to think about their victory over the world’s most powerful empire, Washing- Ellis says that Washington, as the commander of the historical contexts ton faced another daunting challenge: to transform ink on Continental Army, brought a stature to the presidency that and to consider the parchment into the actuality of the American presidency. no one could ever match. “He’s the only president elected characteristics that “The power of the modern presidency is not defined by unanimously both times. He is the one founder who is a make a great leader. Ask students to read the Constitution. It’s defined by the Washington presiden- legend in his own time — and not just after. Every one of the article and then cy,” says Ellis, author of His Excellency: George Washington. the other prominent founders agree that he is in a separate discuss it in a group. “If you read the Constitution of the United States on the category among the founders. He gets all the big things executive branch and the power of the presidency, it’s right. His judgement is impeccable. He brings a level of extremely vague. And the ghost hovering over the entire popular support that is impossible for any subsequent Constitutional Convention is fear of monarchy. Washing- American leader to ever have.” ton makes real and palpable what is vague in the Constitu- tion. He makes the office of president both prime minister George and king. He gives it its executive power. He creates the idea of a cabinet, which didn’t exist in the Constitution, and he defines the primary role of the executive branch in HE’S THE ONLY the making of foreign policy. “Washington has the incalculable advantage of being first. That can’t simply be dismissed,” Ellis says. “Lincoln PRESIDENT saved the republic that Washington created. Lincoln’s tre- Washington mendous act of leadership is dependent completely upon ELECTED the existence of a stable, enduring republic that would not have come into existence if the Founding Fathers and UNANIMOUSLY Washington, the Founding-est Father of all, hadn’t created it. Everything Lincoln does wouldn’t have happened if Washington wasn’t the leader he was.” BOTH TIMES. A lesser man might have been consumed by power and reigned like a monarch, but Washington would never be a King George. He didn’t even want to be president in the first place, Ellis says. “No president in American history PREVIOUS PAGE: THINKSTOCK; THINKSTOCK; THINKSTOCK PREVIOUS OPPOSITE: PAGE:

32 33 Idea Book Idea Book

HISTORY FACEOFF

The Case Lincoln’s six-foot, four-inch frame added to his aura, Hol- zer says. “In a way he was almost mythologically admirable because of his physical attributes. He was one big guy. He’s Discussion still the tallest president we’ve ever had. People took to him because, like Washington, he was much bigger than his contemporaries and capable of physical feats, which made Questions for him admired by men, who were the voters. Everyone knows that Lincoln was amusing and retold jokes. He was also a lightning rod for people’s anxieties, and by having a sense of humor he helped the country endure. He’s almost a symbol of national endurance by that extra strength and humor.” Students can discuss these Holzer says Lincoln also had the skills to deal with a questions in large or small groups or Abraham partisan environment that didn’t exist during Washington’s respond in essay format. presidency. “I think Lincoln was very adaptable. I don’t think Washington was. Washington did not have to operate much 1 2 Lincoln HE ROSE FROM What arguments What arguments does Ellis make to does Holzer make OBSCURITY TO PROVE support his view to support his view that George Wash- that Lincoln was ington was the the greatest Ameri- When Abraham Lincoln took the oath of office 72 years after THAT ANYONE COULD greatest American can president? president? Washington, he confronted the greatest crisis in American history with a nation torn in two. Harold Holzer, director MAKE IT IN AMERICA. of the Roosevelt House Public Policy Institute at Hunter College, says that Lincoln’s work to preserve the Union that Washington helped to create is part of what made him the country’s greatest president. “Saving the Union, which in the political sphere. He was contemptuous of party poli- 3 4 would have ended the American experience, and eradicating tics. When newspapers started attacking him in the middle What were some Based on this the sinful hypocrisy of slavery gives him the edge for me. of his second term, he didn’t want to deal with it. He would of the challenges article, would you Plus, he died for his nation’s sins. He was the last victim of not have been able to thrive in the next century, but the tim- Washington faced vote for Washington the violence necessary to secure the bond between the states. ing was right for both men.” as president? What or Lincoln as the That makes him all the more heroic.” One of the most common speculative questions in Ameri- were the challenges nation’s best Lincoln faced? president? Why? Holzer says that part of what made Lincoln the country’s can history is how Lincoln, had he lived, would have handled greatest president is that he embodied the American Dream. the contentious process of Reconstruction differently from Unlike a wealthy, slaveholding plantation owner such as his successor, Andrew Johnson. “I think Lincoln would Washington, Lincoln was born into poverty. “He was not have been savvy enough to negotiate more ingeniously than part of the American elite. He wasn’t a military hero. He Johnson,” Holzer says. “He couldn’t have done any worse. 5 6 rose from obscurity to prove that anyone could make it in Had Lincoln been around for the 1860s, we might not have America. needed a second civil rights movement in the 1960s to fulfill EXPLORE THIS Who do you think What do you DEBATE “Lincoln was also the greatest writer among the pres- that unkept promise.” were the top think are the most MORE IN-DEPTH idents. Tolstoy, Stowe and Whitman all believed it,” says Lincoln has his share of critics—some who blame him for three greatest U.S. important history.com/news/ Holzer, who has authored, co-authored or edited more than moving too impetuously in starting the Civil War and sus- presidents? Why? characteristics a history-faceoff-who-was- president must 50 books himself. The Gettysburg Address and Lincoln’s sec- pending habeas corpus, others who fault him for moving too have in order to be the-greatest-president- ond inaugural address are among the most iconic texts in the slowly in abolishing slavery. “He’s still the one, though, who washington-or-lincoln a great leader? country’s history. “His words are American gospel. For all did more than anyone else to end slavery,” Holzer says in of his totem-like dignity, Washington was not a memorable Lincoln’s defense. “He owns emancipation because he’s the phrase-maker. He inspired by leading by example. Lincoln, one who did it and suffered through the decision. He paid though, created almost a second Declaration of Indepen- a huge political price for what we think was lethargy and

dence in his prose.” THINKSTOCK reluctance. He was, in fact, a liberator.”

34 Idea Book ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

1 More

WWI COMMISSION: NATIONAL WOMEN’S UNDERSTANDING THE SOCCER LEAGUE GREAT WAR E-NEWSLETTER Lifetime® and the National Women’s Soccer League Understanding the Great War (NWSL) have entered into is an educational resource a historic partnership. The created by the United States network has become the World War One Centennial league’s exclusive broad- Commission and the National cast partner, airing a game World War I Museum and every weekend of the NWSL Memorial. Each issue season. The NWSL Game of includes articles, lessons, the Week airs every Satur- teaching guides and primary day. Learn more about the sources that you can freely NWSL and upcoming games use, arriving in your inbox at mylifetime.com/shows/ on the third Tuesday of national-womens- every other month. Visit soccer-league. Introducing HMH Social Studies for Grades 6–12— theworldwar.org/education/ archive to subscribe and to view the newsletter archive LIBRARY OF CONGRESS: designed for today’s digital generation. for past issues. ECHOES OF THE GREAT WAR EXHIBIT

THE SMITHSONIAN’S A new exhibition at the HMH Social Studies encourages students to uncover connections and look beneath the surface—to identify NATIONAL MUSEUM OF Library of Congress, Echoes NATURAL HISTORY: of the Great War: American relationships, note influences, and introduce ideas that challenge assumptions. Our next generation social studies OBJECTS OF WONDER Experiences of World War I, EXHIBIT (2) examines the upheaval programs foster student curiosity and cultivate analytical skills for success in college, career, and civic life. of world war as Americans Museum collections reflect confronted it, both at home our amazing world, inspire and abroad. The exhibition By delivering compelling narratives enriched with wonder and form the founda- considers the debates and Ideas tion for scientific discovery. A struggles that surrounded HISTORY® streaming video and interactive graphics, new exhibition at the Nation- U.S. engagement, explores al Museum of Natural History U.S. military and home front maps, and games, HMH Social Studies connects entitled Objects of Wonder (1) mobilization and the immen- examines how scientists use sity of industrialized warfare. students to social studies through experiences that Smithsonian collections to It also touches on the war’s enlighten and illuminate our effects as an international are energizing, inspiring, and memorable. understanding of nature and peace settlement was nego- human culture. Explore the tiated, national borders were breadth, scope and splendor redrawn and soldiers reinte- of the world’s most extensive grated into American society. natural history research col- Learn more at loc.gov/ lection — more than 145 mil- exhibitions/world-war-i- lion artifacts and specimens, american-experiences/. 2 including many exceptional objects rarely seen by the public. Visit naturalhistory For more information, visit hmhco.com/hmh-social-studies .si.edu/exhibits/ to learn more.

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