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The Marine Decapod Crustacea of the Area of Lattakia, Syria

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The Marine Decapod Crustacea of the Area of Lattakia, Syria THE MARINE DECAPOD CRUSTACEA OF THE AREA OF LATTAKIA, SYRIA BY HASSAN HASAN1,3), ADIB ZEINI2) and PIERRE Y. NOËL1) 1) Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR-CNRS-UPMC-MNHN 5178, CP 53, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris cedex 05, France 2) Faculté des Sciences, Université Tichrine, Lattakia, Syria ABSTRACT Twenty-nine species of marine decapod Crustacea, specimens of which are deposited in the collections of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, are reported for the first time from the Lattakia area in Syria. The number of Decapoda currently known from this part of the Syrian coast is 88, of which 15 are Lessepsian migrants. Among the latter, four are reported for the first time from Syria: Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849, Ixa monodi Holthuis & Gottlieb, 1956, Micippa thalia (Herbst, 1803), and Thalamita poissonii (Audouin, 1826). The main sites for prospection are, from north to south: Al Hamam Island, Al Bdroussieh, Al Manarah, Om Tior, Bourj Islam, Ash Shamieh, Ibn Hani (Bourj Al Kassab), Alsahta’e Alazrak, Afamia, and the port of Lattakia. RÉSUMÉ Vingt-neuf espèces marines de Crustacés Décapodes dont les spécimens sont conservés dans les collections du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle à Paris, sont signalées pour la première fois de la région de Lattaquié en Syrie. Le nombre d’espèces de décapodes connu actuellement sur cette partie des côtes syriennes s’élève ainsi à 88 parmi lesquelles 15 sont lessepsiennes. Parmi ces dernières, quatre sont signalées pour la première fois de Syrie: Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849, Ixa monodi Holthuis & Gottlieb, 1956, Micippa thalia (Herbst, 1803) et Thalamita poissonii (Audouin, 1826). Les principales localités prospectées sont du Nord au Sud: Îls Al Hamam, Al Bdroussieh, Al Manarah, Om Tior, Bourj Islam, Ash Shamieh, Ibn Hani (Bourj Al Kassab), Alsahta’e Alazrak, Afamia et le Port de Lattaquié. INTRODUCTION In spite of the biogeographical significance and the potential regional economic importance of some species of decapod Crustacea, there has been hardly any study 3) e-mail: [email protected] © Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2008 Crustaceana 81 (5): 513-536 Also available online: www.brill.nl/cr 514 HASSAN HASAN, ADIB ZEINI & PIERRE Y. NOËL on this group in Syria, and in particular those from the area of Lattakia have been little studied. The Decapoda of Syria thus currently remain among the least known of the Mediterranean. Various works concerning the decapods of the eastern Mediterranean basin have been published during the 20th century, among which those by Athanassopoulos (1926), Fox (1927), Balss (1927, 1936), Bodenheimer (1935, 1937), Gottlieb (1953), Holthuis (1956), Holthuis & Gottlieb (1958), Lewinsohn & Holthuis (1964), and Shiber (1976). Except for the works by Gruvel (1928 to 1931), and Monod (1931), dealing with only four species, viz., Marsupenaeus japonicus (Bate, 1888), Penaeus semisulcatus De Haan, 1844, Scyllarides latus (Latreille, 1803), and Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758), there have been no reports prior to the 1990s dealing specifically with the decapods of the Syrian coasts, which extend from 35◦56N 35◦55E in the north to 34◦38N35◦58E in the south. Recent works that report on this area are those by Saker (1992, 2002), Baker et al. (1994), Saker & Ammar (1996), and Saker & Farah (1997). The decapod fauna of Syria can be considered to conform to the Mediterranean type, with a subtropical affinity. While most of the species are endemic to the Mediterranean or occur in the nearby eastern Atlantic, several others are of Indo- Pacific origin and have come through the Suez Canal after its opening in 1869. Some of them are of economic interest, as a human food resource. The data resulting from previous works and those from our recent survey (summer 2005 and April 2006) make it possible to confirm the presence of the majority of the species already reported from the coast of Lattakia. However some old records appear doubtful, while newly recorded species are added to the list of Decapoda of the area of Lattakia, and of Syria in general (see below). The objective of this work thus is to contribute to the knowledge of the species composition of the decapod Crustacea and their diversity along the coast of Lattakia. This study also constitutes a starting reference for research towards an inventory of this group for the whole of Syria. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study area is located on the northern part of the Syrian coasts. It extends from Al Hamam Island in the north, close to the Turkish boundary, up to the es- tuary of Nahr Al Kabir Al Shimalie in the south. The following ten sites were prospected: Al Hamam Island, Al Bdroussieh, Al Manarah, Om Tior, Bourj Islam, Ash Shamieh, Ibn Hani (Bourj Al Kassab), Alsahta’e Alazrak beside the Institute.
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