DOCSLIB.ORG

Alien Species on the Coasts of Turkey

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Alien Species on the Coasts of Turkey Mediterranean Marine Science Volume 6/2, 2005, 119-146 Alien species on the coasts of Turkey M. e. ÇiNAR1, M. bileceNoĞlu2, b. ÖztÜRK1, T. KATAGAN1 and V. AYSel3 1.Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Hydrobiology, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey 2.Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Department of Biology, 09010 Aydin, Turkey 3.Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Department of Biology, Çanakkale, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] Abstract The compilation of data on alien species reported from the Turkish coasts yielded a total of 263 species belonging to 11 systematic groups, of which Mollusca had the highest number of species (85 species), followed by Crustacea (51), fishes (43) and phytobenthos (39). The Black Sea is represented by a total of 20 alien species, the Sea of Marmara by 48 species, the Aegean Sea by 98 species and the Levantine Sea by 202 species. The majority of aliens found in the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara were transported via shipping, whereas the Levantine coast is extensively subjected to Lessepsian migration. Benthic habitats (soft and hard substrata) comprise 76% of the total alien species and the pelagic environment is inhabited by thirty-nine species. Almost 50% of aliens collected from the Turkish coasts were found only at 0-10 m depth. Eight species occur at depths deeper than 100 m. The impacts of aliens on the benthic and pelagic ecosytems are presented. Keywords: Alien species; Species list; Impact; Black Sea; Sea of Marmara; Aegean Sea; Levantine Sea; Turkey. Intoduction capable of colonizing every ecosystem on earth, changing the ecological relations within com- Species introduction is one of the major munities, altering evolutionary processes and factors adversely affecting biological diversity causing dramatic changes in native populations, (ELTON, 1958). The impacts of alien species including extinctions (MACK et al., 2000). on their new environment include restructuring The negative effects of aliens experienced established food webs, importing new diseases world-wide have triggered the social and sci- and competition with native organisms for food entific media to take some precautions against and space. Other significant ecological changes the dispersal of aliens among regions or among may occur when the invading organisms repro- localities within a particular region.Thus, com- duce with native species, altering the gene pool piled data regarding all aliens or a target or- (OCCHIPINTI AMBROGI, 2001). Invaders ganism (i.e. Caulerpa taxifolia in the Mediter- may belong to any taxonomical group, and are ranean Sea) are urgently required by scientists Medit. Mar. Sci, 6/2, 2005, 119-146 119 Results and Discussion and decision makers. In addition, monitoring programmes on spatio-temporal structures of List of alien species from the Turkish coasts communities particularly in the hot spot areas for aliens such as harbours, brackish and pol- Table 1 includes all alien species reported luted waters should be undertaken both on local from the Turkish coasts. The species are catego- and global scales. rized by their origins, the mode of introduction Turkey is surrounded by four seas with dif- and their habitat and depth preferences. The es- ferent hydrographical characteristics. The mari- tablishment success is assigned for each species. time traffic taking place through the Dardanel The first reported years of the species together and Bosphorus straits and among commercial with the relavant publications are also given for harbours makes the Turkish coasts more sus- each sea. ceptible to invasions by aliens. The proximity of The present data show that a total of 263 Turkey to the Suez Canal has resulted in dense alien species, which belong to 11 systematic settlements of Lessepsian migrants, especially groups, occur along the Turkish coasts. Among in habitats along the Levantine coast of Turkey. the groups, Mollusca had the highest number Alien species and their roles in the benthic and of species (85 species), followed by Crustacea pelagic ecosytems is increasingly becoming a (51), fishes (43) and phytobenthos (39). Cni- subject of study in the country. daria is represented by only two species (Rho- This paper reviews the alien species reported pilema nomadica and Cassiopea andromeda), from the Turkish coasts and constitutes the first Ctenophora by 2 species (Mnemiopsis leidyi and comprehensive database for future studies. Beroe ovata), Pantopoda by one species (Ano- plodactylus californicus), Bryozoa by one spe- Methods cies (Rhynchozoon larreyi) and Echinodermata by 2 species (Ophiactis savignyi and Synaptula Data on alien species along the Turkish coasts reciprocans). Thirty-two species are considered as ques- In this study, only reported data on aliens tionable or excluded in Table 1, mainly due to the along the Turkish coasts have been taken into uncertainty in their real taxonomical status and account. All calculations are based on species’ distributional patterns. The polychaetes, Bran- records up to the end of 2005. Cryptogenic spe- chiosyllis exilis, Opisthosyllis brunnea, Rhod- cies have not been included in our compiled list. ine loveni and Monticellina dorsobranchialis, Some of the species in Table 1, which represent which were previously considered as Lessepsian uncertainty in their real taxonomic position and migrants, indeed occur also in the western Medi- distributional pattern, are classified as question- terranean and the Atlantic Ocean. These species able or excluded. The questionable species will were also previously proposed to be excluded turn into aliens if their real taxonomic and dis- from the list of Lessepsian species (ERGEN tributional identities are clarified. In all calcula- et al., 2002; ÇINAR, 2003; 2005). RULLIER tions, including number of species per sea, only (1963) found 11 polychaete species with Indo- the established and questionable species have Pacific affinity from the Sea of Marmara (Table been taken into account. The importance of al- 1). Of the species, Nereis zonata persica and iens in the total biota was estimated, based on Timarete ancylochaeta were also reported along the authors’ databases. the Levantine coast and considered as Lessep- sian migrants (BEN-ELIAHU, 1995). The other species have not been subsequently reported from elsewhere in the Mediterranean Sea. A total of 176 Lessepsian and 48 ship-trans- ferred species were reported along the Turkish 120 Medit. Mar. Sci, 6/2, 2005, 119-146 Table 1. the list of alien species and their first year of reports from thet urkish coasts. the habitat and depth preferences of aliens along the coasts together with their origins and establishment success are also given. the marked species in the list are questionable or excluded ones. bS: black Sea, SM: Sea of Marmara, AS: Aegean Sea, lS: levantine Sea, o: origin (ip: indopacific, RS: Red Sea, tA : Atlantic, WA: Western Atlantic, St: Subtropical, io: indian ocean, pg: persian gulf, po: pacific ocean, tA: tropical Atlantic, ct: circumtropical, bA: boreal Atlantic) es: establishment success (e: established, Q: Questinable, ex: excluded), Mi= Mode of introduction (l: lessepsian, S: Shipping, g: gibraltar, Aq: Aquaculture), H: Habitat [hs: hard substrata (including algae, sponge), Ss: soft substrata (includ- ing phanerogams), p: pelagic, pz: parasite], D: depth range (i: 0-10 m, ii: 11-50m, iii: 51-100 m, iV: 101-200 m, V: 201-400, Vi: 401-500 m). BS SM AS LS Es O MI H D phYTOPLANKTON Alexandrium tamarense (Lebour) - - 1984124 - Q WA S P I Balech 1992 Chaetoceros coarctatus Lauder 1864 - - 1987125 - E AT,PO S P I Gymnodinium cf. mikimotoi Miyake et - - 200244 - Q ? S P I Kominami ex Oda 1935 Heterosigma cf. akashiwo (Hada) Hada, - - 200244 - Q ? S P I 1968 Rhizosolenia calcar-avis M. Schultze, 199971 1993123 - - E AT S P I 1858 Scrippsiella trochoidea (Stein) Loeblich 199971 - - - E AT S P I III, 1976 Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii Cleve 2002160 - - - E AT S P I 1873 phYTOBENthoS cyanophyta (=cyanobacteria) Trichodesmium erythraeum Ehrenberg, - - 199669 - E IP,RS L Hs,Ss I 1830 Rhodophyta Acanthophora nayadiformis (Delile) - 1973177 1970103 199720 E RS L Hs I,II Papenfuss, 1968 Acanthophora muscoides Linnaeus, - - 1986178 - E AT S Hs I,II 1753 Acrochaetium codicolum Børgesen, 199628 1986178 199055 199719 E IP,AT S Hs,Ss I 1927 Asparagopsis armata Harvey, 1855 1973176 1986178 1973176 1969174 E IP,AT S Hs I Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) - - 200127 - E CT L Hs I Trevisan de Saint-Léon, 1845 Bonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot, 1891 - 1986178 - 199720 E PO,AT ?S Hs I Botryocladia madagascariensis - - - 2000161 E IO ?S Hs I G.Feldmann, 1945 Chondria collinsiana Howe, 1920 - 1986178 - - E AT, IO ?L Hs II Chondrophycus papillosus (C. Agardh) 1973175 1957143 1969174 1969174 E RS ?L Hs I Garbary & Harper 1998 Ganonema farinosum (Lamouroux) Fan 199521 189991 198626 199719 Q IP,RS ?L Hs,Ss I & Wang, 1974 (continued) Medit. Mar. Sci, 6/2, 2005, 119-146 121 table 1 (continued) BS SM AS LS Es O MI H D Gracilaria arcuata Zanardini 1858 - 1986178 - - E RS,IP L Hs I Griffithsia corallinoides(Linnaeus) - 199323 - - E AT, IP G Hs I Trevisan, 1845 Hypnea spinella (C. Agardh) Kützing, - - 198718 - E AT,IP S Hs I 1847 Hypnea variabilis Okamura, 1909 - 1986178 1986178 - E PO S Hs I Laurencia intermedia Yamada, 1931 198626 - - - E PO,RS S Hs I,II Lophocladia lallemandii (Montagne) - - 1970103 198653 E IP L Hs I,II Schmitz, 1893 Polysiphonia fucoides (Hudson) 1973176 - 1973176 - E AT, IO S Hs I,II Greville, 1824 Polysiphonia paniculata
Load more

Recommended publications
  • National Monitoring Program for Biodiversity and Non-Indigenous Species in Egypt
    UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM MEDITERRANEAN ACTION PLAN REGIONAL ACTIVITY CENTRE FOR SPECIALLY PROTECTED AREAS National monitoring program for biodiversity and non-indigenous species in Egypt PROF. MOUSTAFA M. FOUDA April 2017 1 Study required and financed by: Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat BP 337 1080 Tunis Cedex – Tunisie Responsible of the study: Mehdi Aissi, EcApMEDII Programme officer In charge of the study: Prof. Moustafa M. Fouda Mr. Mohamed Said Abdelwarith Mr. Mahmoud Fawzy Kamel Ministry of Environment, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) With the participation of: Name, qualification and original institution of all the participants in the study (field mission or participation of national institutions) 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS page Acknowledgements 4 Preamble 5 Chapter 1: Introduction 9 Chapter 2: Institutional and regulatory aspects 40 Chapter 3: Scientific Aspects 49 Chapter 4: Development of monitoring program 59 Chapter 5: Existing Monitoring Program in Egypt 91 1. Monitoring program for habitat mapping 103 2. Marine MAMMALS monitoring program 109 3. Marine Turtles Monitoring Program 115 4. Monitoring Program for Seabirds 118 5. Non-Indigenous Species Monitoring Program 123 Chapter 6: Implementation / Operational Plan 131 Selected References 133 Annexes 143 3 AKNOWLEGEMENTS We would like to thank RAC/ SPA and EU for providing financial and technical assistances to prepare this monitoring programme. The preparation of this programme was the result of several contacts and interviews with many stakeholders from Government, research institutions, NGOs and fishermen. The author would like to express thanks to all for their support. In addition; we would like to acknowledge all participants who attended the workshop and represented the following institutions: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • A Hitherto Unnoticed Adaptive Radiation: Epitoniid Species (Gastropoda: Epitoniidae) Associated with Corals (Scleractinia)
    Contributions to Zoology, 74 (1/2) 125-203 (2005) A hitherto unnoticed adaptive radiation: epitoniid species (Gastropoda: Epitoniidae) associated with corals (Scleractinia) Adriaan Gittenberger and Edmund Gittenberger National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 9517, NL 2300 RA Leiden / Institute of Biology, University Leiden. E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: Indo-Pacific; parasites; coral reefs; coral/mollusc associations; Epitoniidae;Epitonium ; Epidendrium; Epifungium; Surrepifungium; new species; new genera; Scleractinia; Fungiidae; Fungia Abstract E. sordidum spec. nov. ....................................................... 155 Epifungium gen. nov. .............................................................. 157 Twenty-two epitoniid species that live associated with various E. adgranulosa spec. nov. ................................................. 161 hard coral species are described. Three genera, viz. Epidendrium E. adgravis spec. nov. ........................................................ 163 gen. nov., Epifungium gen. nov., and Surrepifungium gen. nov., E. adscabra spec. nov. ....................................................... 167 and ten species are introduced as new to science, viz. Epiden- E. hartogi (A. Gittenberger, 2003) .................................. 169 drium aureum spec. nov., E. sordidum spec. nov., Epifungium E. hoeksemai (A. Gittenberger and Goud, 2000) ......... 171 adgranulosa spec. nov., E. adgravis spec. nov., E. adscabra spec. E. lochi (A. Gittenberger and Goud, 2000) ..................
    [Show full text]
  • Bivalvia: Veneridae) from Western Australia with Notes on Late Tertiary Species
    Records of the Western Australian Museum 25: 369–377 (2010). A new species of the genus Proxichione (Bivalvia: Veneridae) from Western Australia with notes on Late Tertiary species Thomas A. Darragh Department of Invertebrate Palaeontology, Museum Victoria, G.P.O. Box 666, Melbourne Victoria 3001, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Proxichione elimatula sp. nov. is described from the west and south coasts of Western Australia. Proxichione moondarae Darragh, 1965 is recorded from the Late Miocene of South Australia and Late Pliocene of Flinders Island, Tasmania. Proxichione cognata (Pritchard, 1903) is recorded from the Roe Calcarenite (Late Pliocene) of Western Australia. Keywords: new taxon, Murray Basin, Bass Basin. INTRODUCTION Australian Bight westwards and northwards to off Australian fossil species of Proxichione were Kalbarri, Western Australia) and the smallest of the revised and the genus differentiated from species P. persimilis (Iredale, 1930) (distributed from similar looking taxa of the Veneridae by Darragh central New South Wales northwards to southern (1965). Since that time specimens of a new living Queensland). This last species was designated as congeneric species have been accumulating in the the type species of Tigammona Iredale, 1930 (Figure collections of the Western Australian Museum. 1G-L). In addition, the geographical and stratigraphical range of the genus has been extended. Fossils of Proxichione belongs to a group of venerid bivalves Proxichione moondarae Darragh, 1965 have been with prominent comarginal and radial sculpture. collected in South Australia and on Flinders Island, The radial sculpture consists of simple, rounded Tasmania. Maxwell (1978) extended the range of ribs, whereas the comarginal sculpture consists of the genus to New Zealand by describing two taxa prominent erect lamellae, which are corrugated from the Duntroonian and Waitakian (Oligocene) where they cross the ribs and may be recurved of the South Island.
    [Show full text]
  • Lafayette, LA 70503 Efg21 [email protected]
    E. F. Garcia Cycloscala DaW, 1889 NOVAPEX 5 (2-3): 57-68, 10 juil. 2004 On the genus Cycloscala Dali, 1889 (Gastropoda: Epitoniidae) in the Indo- Pacific, with comments on the type species, new records of known species, and the description of three new species. Emilio Fabiân GARCIA llSOakcrestDr. Lafayette, LA 70503 efg21 [email protected] KEYWORDS. Gastropoda, Epitoniidae, Cycloscala, Indo-Pacific. ABSTRACT. Ail described Indo-Pacific taxa referable to the epitoniid genus Cycloscala Dali, 1889 are listed and evaluated. The type species, Cycloscala echinaticosta (d'Orbigny, 1842) is discussed. Four described Indo-Pacific Cycloscala species, considered valid herewith, are treated: Cycloscala crenulata Pease, 1867; C. gazae Kilbum, 1985; C hyalina Sowerby II, 1844; and C revoluta Hedley, 1899. Three new species are described: Cycloscala armata, C. sardellae, and C. montrouzieri. INTRODUCTION. Scalaria echinaticosta d'Orbigny, 1842, as the type species for the subgenus. Background information. Although the genus Cycloscala was originally treated as a subgenus oï Epitonium by Dali (1889), Clench & This is the third part of a study of Indo-Pacific Tumer (1951), and Abbott (1974), Kilbum (1985) Epitoniidae in which extensions of known considered the species in this group sufficiently geographical ranges of a number of species and the distinct to raise its status to full genus, a treatment that description of new species is reported (Garcia, had been effected earlier by Jousseaume (1912:195). 2003, Garcia, 2004). The présent article deals with DuShane (1990) and Nakayama (2000, 2003) hâve epitoniid species placed in the genus Cycloscala followed Kilbum. Robertson (1994:107) is ambiguous Dali, 1889. The material used in thèse reports was in his treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • The Marine Mollusca of Suriname (Dutch Guiana) Holocene and Recent
    THE MARINE MOLLUSCA OF SURINAME (DUTCH GUIANA) HOLOCENE AND RECENT Part II. BIVALVIA AND SCAPHOPODA by G. O. VAN REGTEREN ALTENA Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden "The student must know something of syste- matic work. This is populary supposed to be a dry-as-dust branch of zoology. In fact, the systematist may be called the dustman of biol- ogy, for he performs a laborious and frequently thankless task for his fellows, and yet it is one which is essential for their well-being and progress". Maud D. Haviland in: Forest, steppe and tundra, 1926. CONTENTS Ι. Introduction, systematic survey and page references 3 2. Bivalvia and Scaphopoda 7 3. References 86 4. List of corrections of Part I 93 5. Plates 94 6. Addendum 100 1. INTRODUCTION, SYSTEMATIC SURVEY AND PAGE REFERENCES In the first part of this work, published in 1969, I gave a general intro- duction to the Suriname marine Mollusca ; in this second part the Bivalvia and Scaphopoda are treated. The system (and frequently also the nomen- clature) of the Bivalvia are those employed in the "Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, (N) Mollusca 6, Part I, Bivalvia, Volume 1 and 2". These volumes were issued in 1969 and contain the most modern system of the Bivalvia. For the Scaphopoda the system of Thiele (1935) is used. Since I published in 1968 a preliminary list of the marine Bivalvia of Suriname, several additions and changes have been made. I am indebted to Messrs. D. J. Green, R. H. Hill and P. G. E. F. Augustinus for having provided many new coastal records for several species.
    [Show full text]
  • Implementation of Recommendations on Invasive Alien Species / Mise En Œuvre Des Recommandations Sur Les Espèces Exotiques Envahissantes
    Strasbourg, 13 May 2011 T-PVS/Inf (2011) 3 [Inf03a_2011.doc] CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF EUROPEAN WILDLIFE AND NATURAL HABITATS Bern Convention Group of Experts on Invasive Alien Species / Groupe d’experts de la Convention de Berne sur les espèces exotiques envahissantes St. Julians, Malta (18-20 May 2011) / St Julians, Malte (18-20 mai 2011) __________ Implementation of recommendations on Invasive Alien Species / Mise en œuvre des recommandations sur les espèces exotiques envahissantes National reports and contributions / Rapports nationaux et Contributions-- Document prepared by the Directorate of Culture and of Cultural and Natural Heritage This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. Ce document ne sera plus distribué en réunion. Prière de vous munir de cet exemplaire. T-PVS/Inf (2011) 3 - 2 - CONTENTS / SOMMAIRE __________ 1. Armenia / Arménie ................................................................................................................ 3 2. Belgium / Belgique ................................................................................................................ 7 3. France / France....................................................................................................................... 16 4. Ireland / Irlande...................................................................................................................... ²19 5. Italy / Italie............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • (Approx) Mixed Micro Shells (22G Bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22G Bag Provides Hours of Fun; Some Interesting Foraminifera Also Included
    Special Price £ US$ Family Genus, species Country Quality Size Remarks w/o Photo Date added Category characteristic (€) (approx) (approx) Mixed micro shells (22g bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22g bag provides hours of fun; some interesting Foraminifera also included. 17/06/21 Mixed micro shells Ischnochitonidae Callistochiton pulchrior Panama F+++ 89mm € 1,80 £1,55 $2,10 21/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Chaetopleura lurida Panama F+++ 2022mm € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Hairy girdles, beautifully preserved. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 30mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 27.9mm € 2,80 £2,42 $3,27 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Stenoplax limaciformis Panama F+++ 16mm+ € 6,50 £5,61 $7,60 Uncommon. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Philippines F+++ 25mm+ € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Hairy margins, beautifully preserved. 04/08/17 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Australia F+++ 25mm+ € 2,60 £2,25 $3,04 02/06/18 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 41mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 32mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 44mm+ € 5,00 £4,32 $5,85 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F++ 35mm € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 29mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Caribbean.
    [Show full text]
  • Life in the Spray Zone
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Zoosystematics and Evolution Jahr/Year: 2018 Band/Volume: 94 Autor(en)/Author(s): Pimenta Alexandre Dias, Santos Franklin N., Cunha Carlo M. Artikel/Article: Redescription and reassignment of Ondina semicingulata to the Pyramidellidae, with review of the occurrence of genus Evalea in the Western Atlantic (Gastropoda) 535-544 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence (CC-BY); original download https://pensoft.net/journals Zoosyst. Evol. 9@ (@) 2018, ##–## | DOI 10.3897/[email protected] Redescription and reassignment of Ondina semicingulata to the Pyramidellidae, with review of the occurrence of genus Evalea in the Western Atlantic (Gastropoda) Alexandre D. Pimenta1, Franklin N. Santos2, Carlo M. Cunha3 1 Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2 Departamento de Educação e Ciências Humanas, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus 29932–540, Espírito Santo, Brazil 3 Universidade Metropolitana de Santos. Ave. Conselheiro Nébias 536, 11045-002, Santos, SP, Brazil http://zoobank.org/ Corresponding author: Alexandre D. Pimenta ([email protected]) Abstract Received 31 July 2018 Acteon semicingulatus Dall, 1927, previously known only by its original description is Accepted @@ ##### 2018 reassigned to the Pyramidellidae, in Ondina, based on the collecting of several new spec- Published @@ ##### 2018 imens along the coast of Brazil, in the same bathymetry as the type locality. Its shell shape variation is discussed and Odostomia (Evalea) ryclea Dall, 1927 is considered a synony- Academic editor: my.
    [Show full text]
  • ST. NICHOLAS CHURCHES in ANATOLIA and THRACE This Paper Contains a Brief Presentation of Some of the Monasteries and Churches De
    ST. NICHOLAS CHURCHES IN ANATOLIA AND THRACE This paper contains a brief presentation of some of the monasteries and churches dedicated to St. Nicholas In Anatolia and turklsh Thrace. Our work on the subject was based mainly on previous research and a number of travel journals published between the 16 *n and 20 tn centuries. The main areas of Interest In this connection are Blthynla, Mysla, Cappadocla and Thrace In each of which we have carried out surveys 1. As concerns the other regions, we shall contend ourselves with briefly citing some striking examples. This paper, which will constitute the basis of an extensive future study, will hopefully shed some light upon the development of the St.Nicholas cult in Anatolia and Thrace. Central Anatolia (Galatia, Lycaonta and Cappadocla: Fifteen St.Nicholas churches-or monasteries are located in Central Anatolia. The oldest among these is the monastery of Germacoloneia, which is today a ruinous site situated near Slvrihisar2. H.Dernschwamm, who visited Germacoloneia between 1553-55 quotes the contents of the inscription in his journal 3. The inscription states that the monastery was founded in 897 by the Great Strategos and Drungarios Gregoras during the reign of Emperor Leon VI and his son Alexandres and was dedicated to Saints Nicholas of Myra, Basileios of Caesarea and Hypathlos of Gangra. It is of interest to note that eleven out of the fourteen Nicholas churches in Cappadocla are located around Nigde, namely in Giizelyurt, Uluagac, Akyamac, Helvadere, KIclagac, Kucukkoy and Slvrihisar - Aksaray4. The remaining three are to be found at Kayserl, BaskSy and Mustafapasa.
    [Show full text]
  • Molluscs from the Miocene Pebas Formation of Peruvian and Colombian Amazonia
    Molluscs from the Miocene Pebas Formation of Peruvian and Colombian Amazonia F.P. Wesselingh, with contributions by L.C. Anderson & D. Kadolsky Wesselingh, F.P. Molluscs from the Miocene Pebas Formation of Peruvian and Colombian Amazonia. Scripta Geologica, 133: 19-290, 363 fi gs., 1 table, Leiden, November 2006. Frank P. Wesselingh, Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Nether- lands and Biology Department, University of Turku, Turku SF20014, Finland (wesselingh@naturalis. nnm.nl); Lauri C. Anderson, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, U.S.A. ([email protected]); D. Kadolsky, 66, Heathhurst Road, Sanderstead, South Croydon, Surrey CR2 OBA, England ([email protected]). Key words – Mollusca, systematics, Pebas Formation, Miocene, western Amazonia. The mollusc fauna of the Miocene Pebas Formation of Peruvian and Colombian Amazonia contains at least 158 mollusc species, 73 of which are introduced as new; 13 are described in open nomenclature. Four genera are introduced (the cochliopid genera Feliconcha and Glabertryonia, and the corbulid genera Pachy- rotunda and Concentricavalva) and a nomen novum is introduced for one genus (Longosoma). A neotype is designated for Liosoma glabra Conrad, 1874a. The Pebas fauna is taxonomically dominated by two fami- lies, viz. the Cochliopidae (86 species; 54%) and Corbulidae (23 species; 15%). The fauna can be character- ised as aquatic (155 species; 98%), endemic (114 species; 72%) and extinct (only four species are extant). Many of the families represented by a few species in the Pebas fauna include important ecological groups, such as indicators of marine infl uence (e.g., Nassariidae, one species), terrestrial settings (e.g., Acavidae, one species) and stagnant to marginally agitated freshwaters (e.g., Planorbidae, four species).
    [Show full text]
  • Taphonomic Signatures on Some Intertidal Molluscan Shells from Tarut Bay (Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia)
    Pakistan J. Zool., vol. 47(1), pp. 125-132, 2015. Taphonomic Signatures on Some Intertidal Molluscan Shells from Tarut Bay (Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia) Amel El Gendy,1 Saleh Al-Farraj2 and Magdy El-Hedeny3* 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt 2Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 3Vice Rectorate for Business Development, King Saud University P.O. Box 2454, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Abstract.- The present contribution documented a molluscan assemblage (bivalves and gastropods) collected from the intertidal water of Tarut Bay, east coast of Saudi Arabia and assessed the degree of post-mortal alteration of the shell material. In this assemblage, bivalve shells were totally dominated by disarticulated valves and had significant taphonomic alteration in their shells. Four principal taphonomic attributes were analysed: encrustation, bioerosion, fragmentation and abrasion. Three types of encrusters were recorded on shells of the present study: balanoids, polychaetes and bivalves (Spondylus and oysters). Amongst, balanoid barnacles represented the most common encrusters that were recorded in both gastropod and bivalve shells. It was observed that each encruster attached on the host as a single epibiont and no share with other epibionts on the same host. Bioerosion traces in shells were predominately those of clionid sponges and gastropods. They were represented by the ichnogenera Entobia and Oichnus. The presence of drill holes assigned to the ichnospecies Oichnus simplex Bromley, 1981 were made by muricid gastropods which are common in the study area. Fragmentation was mainly resulted from biological processes (bird predation) on the brittle-shelled bivalve species Vepricardium asiaticum.
    [Show full text]
  • ICAR-NAARM-Annual-Report 2016-17
    funs'kd dh dye ls eq>s] Hkkd`vuqi & jk"Vªh; d`f"k vuqla/kku izca/k vdkneh ¼NAARM½ dh o"kZ 2016&17 dh okf"kZd fjiksVZ izLrqr djrs gq, izlUurk gks jgh gSA vdkneh } kjk jk"Vªh; d`f"k vuqla/kku ,oa f'k{kk iz.kkyh ¼NARES½ esa ekuo lalk/ku dh n{krk vkSj {kerkvksa dks c<+kus esa ,d egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ tkrh gSA o"kZ 2016&17 ds nkSjku vdkneh }kjk dh xbZa igyksa dk Qksdl bu iz;klksa dks vkxs c<+kus ij dsfUnzr jgkA eSa] MkW- Mh- jkek jko ,oa MkW- vkj- dYiuk 'kkL=h dks c/kkbZ nsrk gwa ftUgksaus o"kZ 2016&17 ds nkSjku vdkneh ds funs'kd ds :i esa vius usr`Ro esa fofHkUu MkW- िसएच. Jhfuokl jko igyksa dks lkdkj :i fn;kA lkFk gh eSa vdkneh ds fotu vkSj fe'ku dks funs'kd vkxs c<+kus esa n'kkZ, x, mRlkg o meax ds fy, lHkh ladk; lnL;ksa] LVkQ ,oa Nk=ksa dh ljkguk djrk gwa A tSlk fd ge 'kh?kz gh 42osa o"kZ esa izos'k djus okys gSa] eSa ukeZ ifjokj ds lHkh lnL;ksa ds fy, lokZf/kd eaxye; o"kZ dh dkeuk djrk gwaA lkHkkj] fnukad % 10 tqykbZ] 2017 MkW- िसएच. Jhfuokl jko LFkku % gSnjkckn From the DIRECTOR’S DESK am happy to present the Annual Report of ICAR– NAARM for the year 2016-17. The Academy plays a pivotal role in enhancing the competencies and I capabilities of the human resources in the National Agricultural Research and Education System (NARES).
    [Show full text]