DOCSLIB.ORG

Article-P173 4.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Article-P173 4.Pdf IAWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 11 (2), 1990: 173-182 WOOD AND BARK ANATOMY OF LAURACEAE IV. DAHLGRENODENDRON J.J.M. VAN DER MERWE & VAN WYK by H. G. Richter* and A. E. Van Wyk** Summary The southem African tree, Dahlgrenoden­ schmiedia (Van der Merwe et af. 1988). Al­ dron natalense, previously ascribed to the though the ovary of Dahfgrenodendron is genus Beilschmiedia was recently segregated superior, the mature fruit is completely in­ as a monotypic genus, Dahlgrenodendron, cIuded in the accrescent hypanthium (recep­ on account of its distinctive exomorphology, tacular tube), thereby resembling genera such palynology and fruit structure. Dahlgreno­ as Aspidostemon, Cryptocarya, Eusideroxy­ dendron differs from Beilschmiedia in nearly fon, Potoxyfon and Ravensara. Mainly on the all quantitative and qualitative features of basis of this character, and also its 2-celled wood and bark anatomy. The overall struc­ anthers on the stamens, Van der Merwe et af. tural pattern of these tissues does not support (1988) provisionally associated Dahfgreno­ the initial assignment of Dahlgrenodendron to dendron with tribe Cryptocaryeae, subtribe the tribe Cryptocaryeae, nor does it fit any Cryptocaryineae. However, the marked incon- other lauraceous taxon. Within Lauraceae, an isolated non-aligned status is provisionally proposed for the genus. Key words: Wood anatomy, bark anatomy, -, l l~ - , .~.~. taxonomy, Aspidostemon, Beilschmiedia, './ ~. Cryptocarya, Dahlgrenodendron, Laura­ f ceae. / " NATA L q;' ,r'\ . V" Introduction f ~ The monotypic genus Dahlgrenodendron , Ir .v was established by Van der Merwe et al. , Ja -- , -~ (1988), and is based on D. natalense, a spe­ ~ ~ ~ cies first described as Beilschmiedia natalen­ ~fv'<- W' I-Pondoland sis J.H. Ross (1973). ? I I Dahlgrenodendron natafense is an ever­ ~ ,.. .1.. I, .. " green forest tree up to about 20 m high, and '/ l"llllll I is one of several plant species endemie to a ,.. /'" ,e- I ". few restricted areas of Natal Group sand­ stone in Natal and Pondoland in southem Fig. 1. Map showing the geographieal dis­ Africa (Fig. 1). With the total number of in­ tribution of Dahfgrenodendron natalense in dividuals probably not exceeding 200, it is southem Africa. The three small dots signify considered a palaeoendemic on the brink of relictual occurrences of one or two plants natural extinction. Evidence from macromor­ only. Most individuals are confined to patches phology, palynology and fruit structure indi­ of the relict forest in the southem Natall cated that D. natalense was misplaced in Beil- Pondoland sandstone region (large dots). * Institut für Holzbiologie und Holzschutz, Bundesforschungsanstalt für Forst- und Holz­ wirtschaft, Leuschnerstrasse 91,2050 Hamburg 80, F.R.G. ** H.G.W.J. Schweickerdt Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of Pretoria, Pre­ toria, 0002 South Africa. Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 08:13:05AM via free access 174 IAWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 11 (2), 1990 Figs. 2-5. Secondary xylem of Dah/grenodendron nara/ense. - 2-4: Transverse, tangential and radial sections. - 5: Ray heterogeneity, septate fibres and fibre lumina occIuded by organic compounds. - Scale bar = 200 ~m. Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 08:13:05AM via free access Richter & Van Wyk - Wood and bark anatomy ofDahlgrenodendron 175 Table 1. Wood and bark specimens exarnined of Dahlgrenodendron natalense (lH. Ross) J.J.M. Van der Merwe & A.E. Van Wyk. RBHw Coll./No. Origin of specimen Quarter degree No. (Southern Africa) grid reference Wood 18936 Van Wyk 8123 Natal, Ngutu Falls 2930#DB s. n. Van Wyk8256 Natal, Umdoni Park 3030# BC s. n. Van Wyk8258 Natal, Urntamvuna Nat. Res. 3130#AA s. n. Van Wyk8259 idem idem s. n. Van Wyk8260 idem idem Bark s. n. Van Wyk A-542 Natal, Umtamvuna Nat. Res. 3030#CC s. n. Van Wyk A-546 Transkei, Sikuba River Gorge 3130#AA s. n. Van Wyk A-553 Natal, Umtamvuna Nat. Res. idem gruence between different characters of some Schweickerdt Herbarium (PRU). Localities of these genera has led to the suggestion that are given in Table 1, also as quaner-degree the mutual presence of an accrescent hypan­ grid references (Edwards & Leistner 1971). thium may, in at least some taxa, reflect To minimise damage to these rare trees parallel evolution (Rohwer & Richter 1987). wood sampies (mainly sapwood) were ex­ Dahlgrenodendron is unusual in the Lau­ traeted with an increment borer, at 1.5 m raceae in having eonspicuously striate pollen height, from vertieal sterns with diameters grains (Van der Merwe et al. 1988). Striate from 23 to 60 cm (wood sampies) and 14 to grains have not yet been recorded elsewhere 45 em (bark sampIes). In one instance, eross­ in the family or in the Laurales. Henee, Van seetional sampies were also taken from a der Merwe et al. (1988) also suggested that dead 20 cm diameter stern (Van Wyk 8256). Dahlgrenodendron might eonstitute an iso­ Mieroscopie slides of wood sampIes were lated genus in Lauraeeae, perhaps best plaeed prepared following comrnon laboratory pro­ in a new tribe or subtribe of its own. The cedures. Bark material was sectioned after in­ present paper repons on the wood and bark filtration with polyethelene glyeol (PEG, DP structure of Dahlgrenodendron natalense, and 1500) using the method developed by Rupp its possible taxonomie signifieanee. Because (1964) and modified by Richter (1981a). the affinities of Dahlgrenodendron are ob­ Wood and bark sections were double stained seure, this study was undenaken in the hope with aqueous or alcoholie solutions of 1% of establishing more satisfaetorily the rela­ chrysoidin/acridin red and astra blue. tionships of the genus. Tests for fluoreseence, natural saponins This paper is the founh of aseries on the and aluminium follow the methods prescribed systemarie wood and bark anatomy of genera by Miller (1981), with minor modifieations belonging to the Lauraceae (Richter 1981b, (Dyer 1988), and were based on one wood 1985, 1990) and eomplements an earlier sur­ sampie (Van Wyk 8256). vey ofthe family (Richter 1981a). Specifie gravity based on oven-dry weight and volume (for Van Wyk 8256 only) was Material and Methods adjusted to specific gravity at 12% me via The wood and bark descriptions of Dahl­ conversion table (Miller & Baas 1981). grenodendron natalense are based on five Rhytidome structure was studied on trans­ wood and three bark sampies (Table 1), col­ verse surfaees of dry bark sampies, follow­ leeted by A.E. Van Wyk and backed by her­ ing the method outlined previously (Van barium vouchers deposited at the H.G.W.l Wyk 1985). Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 08:13:05AM via free access 176 IAWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 11 (2), 1990 Figs. 6-8. Secondary phloem of Dahlgrenodendron natalense. - 6: Bark surface pattern. - 7 & 8: Low magnification overview of younger (Van Wyk A-546) and older (Van Wyk 542) bark with distribution pattern of scIereid bundles. - Scale bar of 6 = 50 mrn; of 7 & 8 = 200 ~m. Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 08:13:05AM via free access Richter & Van Wyk - Wood and bark anatomy of Dahlgrenodendron 177 The terminology used in the wood descrip­ thick-walled (lumen ~ double wall thick­ tion adheres to the standards proposed by the ness); mean fibre length around 1100 Ilm, International Association of Wood Anato­ overall range from 700-1400 Ilm; with often mists in its most recent form (IAWA 1989); distinctly bordered pits (3-5 Ilm) commonly bark terminology follows Trockenbrodt confined to radial walls; regularly septate, (1990). Terms used in wood and bark de­ septa few (usuall y 1, rarel y up to 3 per fibre); scriptions but not listed in the terminologies frequently with reddish brown gum deposits. mentioned above (e.g. 'stratified fibres, col­ Growth increment boundaries in some speci­ umnar sclereids') are explained and/or illus­ mens marked by 1-2 rows of radially flat­ trated in the general treatise on Lauraceae tened fibres. (Richter 1981a). Parenchyma inconspicuous, scanty para­ tracheal to weakly vasicentric, definitely not Wood description (Figs.2-5) in concentric bands as reported by Swart & General: No visual distinction between Van der Walt (1986); 4-8 cells per paren­ heartwood and sapwood (largest cross-sec­ chyma strand, non-storeyed. tional sampie 200 mm in diameter); wood Rays non-storeyed; uniseriate, 1-6 cells pale reddish brown and without distinctive high, composed of upright, rarely square odour or taste; specific gravity 878 kg/m3 at cells, and multiseriate (2-)3-5(-7) cells 12 percent moisture content (784 kg/m3 for wide; body cells procumbent with 1-2, rarely oven-dried wood); splinter bums to a grey or up to 4 marginal rows of predominantly up­ black charcoal; fluorescence of heartwood as right cells; mean height of the 25 largest rays weIl as water and ethanol extracts negative; averaging 0.50-0.80 mm between speci­ froth test for natural saponins negative; col­ mens, frequency 5-8/mm. Vessel-ray pits our of water and ethanol extracts reddish commonly large and with much reduced bor­ brown; chrome azurol-S test for aluminium ders, pit outline rounded, oval to irregular in negative. shape to horizontally (gash-like) or diagon­ Anatomy: Wood diffuse-porous, vessels ally extended; occasionally similar to inter­ evenly distributed with occasional tendency vascular pits in procumbent cells. Rays usu­ to larger numbers of smaller vessels along ally replete with reddish brown organic com­ growth ring boundaries (latewood); solitary pounds. and in radial multiples of 2-4, the latter pre­ Secretory (oil or mucilage) cells, crystal­ dominant in most specimens examined; few line deposits and silica not observed in the clusters present; round to oval in outline with secondary xylem of the specimens examined. tendency to angularity, thin-walled; rather frequent, specimen means ranging from 40- 55/mrn2; tangential diameter varying from a Bark description (Figs.6-12) minimum of 30 Ilm (latewood) to a maximum General: Periderms usually 3-6, not un­ of 110 Ilm (earlywood), the specimen means dulating, completely separating living tissues (25 largest vessels) from 70-90 Ilm.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Coexistence of Confamilial, Folivorous Indriids, Propithecus Diadema And
    Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations Arts & Sciences Spring 5-15-2017 Coexistence of Confamilial, Folivorous Indriids, Propithecus diadema and Indri indri, at Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, Madagascar Lana Kerker Oliver Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, and the Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons Recommended Citation Oliver, Lana Kerker, "Coexistence of Confamilial, Folivorous Indriids, Propithecus diadema and Indri indri, at Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, Madagascar" (2017). Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1134. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds/1134 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts & Sciences at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of Anthropology Dissertation Examination Committee Crickette Sanz, Chair Kari Allen Benjamin Z. Freed Jane Phillips-Conroy David Strait Mrinalini Watsa Coexistence of Confamilial, Folivorous Indriids, Propithecus diadema and Indri indri, at Betampona Strict
    [Show full text]
  • Phytochemical, Elemental and Biotechnological Study of Cryptocarya Latifolia, an Indigenous Medicinal Plant of South Africa
    Phytochemical, Elemental and Biotechnological Study of Cryptocarya latifolia, an Indigenous Medicinal Plant of South Africa by Mohammed Falalu Hamza Submitted in fulfillment of the academic requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Chemistry in the School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 2013 Phytochemical, Elemental and Biotechnological Study of Cryptocarya latifolia, an Indigenous Medicinal Plant of South Africa by Mohammed Falalu Hamza Submitted in fulfillment of the academic requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Chemistry in the School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 2013 As the candidate’s supervisor, I have approved this thesis for submission. Signed_______________________Name__________________________Date_________ DECLARATION I Mohammed Falalu Hamza declare that 1. The research reported in this thesis, except where otherwise indicated, is my original research. 2. This thesis has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other University. 3. This thesis does not contain other persons’ data, pictures, graphs or other information, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other persons 4. This thesis does not contain other persons’ writing, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other researchers. Where other written sources have been quoted, then: a. Their words have been re-written but the general information attributed to them has been referenced. b. Where their exact words have been used, then their writing has been placed in italics and inside quotation marks, and referenced. 5. This thesis does not contain text, graphics or tables copied and pasted from the internet, unless specifically acknowledged, and then source being detailed in the thesis and in the References sections Author: ___________________________________________________ Mohammed Falalu Hamza Supervisor:________________________________________________ Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Dry Forest Trees of Madagascar
    The Red List of Dry Forest Trees of Madagascar Emily Beech, Malin Rivers, Sylvie Andriambololonera, Faranirina Lantoarisoa, Helene Ralimanana, Solofo Rakotoarisoa, Aro Vonjy Ramarosandratana, Megan Barstow, Katharine Davies, Ryan Hills, Kate Marfleet & Vololoniaina Jeannoda Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK. © 2020 Botanic Gardens Conservation International ISBN-10: 978-1-905164-75-2 ISBN-13: 978-1-905164-75-2 Reproduction of any part of the publication for educational, conservation and other non-profit purposes is authorized without prior permission from the copyright holder, provided that the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. Recommended citation: Beech, E., Rivers, M., Andriambololonera, S., Lantoarisoa, F., Ralimanana, H., Rakotoarisoa, S., Ramarosandratana, A.V., Barstow, M., Davies, K., Hills, BOTANIC GARDENS CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (BGCI) R., Marfleet, K. and Jeannoda, V. (2020). Red List of is the world’s largest plant conservation network, comprising more than Dry Forest Trees of Madagascar. BGCI. Richmond, UK. 500 botanic gardens in over 100 countries, and provides the secretariat to AUTHORS the IUCN/SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. BGCI was established in 1987 Sylvie Andriambololonera and and is a registered charity with offices in the UK, US, China and Kenya. Faranirina Lantoarisoa: Missouri Botanical Garden Madagascar Program Helene Ralimanana and Solofo Rakotoarisoa: Kew Madagascar Conservation Centre Aro Vonjy Ramarosandratana: University of Antananarivo (Plant Biology and Ecology Department) THE IUCN/SSC GLOBAL TREE SPECIALIST GROUP (GTSG) forms part of the Species Survival Commission’s network of over 7,000 Emily Beech, Megan Barstow, Katharine Davies, Ryan Hills, Kate Marfleet and Malin Rivers: BGCI volunteers working to stop the loss of plants, animals and their habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of Lauraceae
    PHYLOGENY Andre'S. Chanderbali,2'3Henk van der AND HISTORICAL Werff,3 and Susanne S. Renner3 BIOGEOGRAPHY OF LAURACEAE: EVIDENCE FROM THE CHLOROPLAST AND NUCLEAR GENOMES1 ABSTRACT Phylogenetic relationships among 122 species of Lauraceae representing 44 of the 55 currentlyrecognized genera are inferredfrom sequence variation in the chloroplast and nuclear genomes. The trnL-trnF,trnT-trnL, psbA-trnH, and rpll6 regions of cpDNA, and the 5' end of 26S rDNA resolved major lineages, while the ITS/5.8S region of rDNA resolved a large terminal lade. The phylogenetic estimate is used to assess morphology-based views of relationships and, with a temporal dimension added, to reconstructthe biogeographic historyof the family.Results suggest Lauraceae radiated when trans-Tethyeanmigration was relatively easy, and basal lineages are established on either Gondwanan or Laurasian terrains by the Late Cretaceous. Most genera with Gondwanan histories place in Cryptocaryeae, but a small group of South American genera, the Chlorocardium-Mezilauruls lade, represent a separate Gondwanan lineage. Caryodaphnopsis and Neocinnamomum may be the only extant representatives of the ancient Lauraceae flora docu- mented in Mid- to Late Cretaceous Laurasian strata. Remaining genera place in a terminal Perseeae-Laureae lade that radiated in Early Eocene Laurasia. Therein, non-cupulate genera associate as the Persea group, and cupuliferous genera sort to Laureae of most classifications or Cinnamomeae sensu Kostermans. Laureae are Laurasian relicts in Asia. The Persea group
    [Show full text]
  • The Reforestation of Madagascar
    The Reforestation of Madagascar Indication of seedling development of endemic species in relation to associated influence variables in Ranomafana National Park in Madagascar Marloes Fröling 2 The Reforestation of Madagascar Indication of seedling development of endemic species in relation to associated influence variables in Ranomafana National Park in Madagascar Marloes Fröling 900704001 4th year student tropical forestry Hogeschool VHL, University of Applied Sciences Internal coach: Erika van Duijl 05-06-2014 3 4 Abstract Deforestation leaves tropical rain forests highly fragmented, which creates isolated areas too small to maintain populations. The biodiversity encounters increasing negative influences because even though the rainforests are highly important to many plant and animal species, it is difficult to halt the clearance of forests. The rapid forest decline leads to a change in the biotic composition of the ecosystems. This can finally cause extinction to many of the island’s endemic species, because natural succession of trees usually proceeds not fast enough. Harsh environmental conditions and the seclusion from existing forest edges are the main courses of the failing natural reforestation visions. Many projects/programs are working nonprofit and most often in cooperation with local communities to reforest areas and bridge fragmented areas by selecting the best suitable tree species for reforestation projects. This is crucial because many species have special environmental requirements. It is ideally to select species that combines a fast growth with a high survival. To avoid a negative outcome in the success rate, it is becoming a more accepted method to plant with a mixed species composition, which have the potential to increase the conservation of the biodiversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
    CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 General Natural products could be any biological molecule, but the term is usually reserved for secondary metabolites or small molecules produced by an organism.1 They are not strictly necessary for the survival of the organism but they could be for the basic machinery of the fundamental processes of life.2 Many phytochemicals have been used as medicines such as for cardiovascular drugs, reserpine and digitoxin which were isolated from Rauwolfia serpentine and Digitalis purpurea.3,4 The natural antimalarial drug, quinine from Cinchona species together with the synthetic drugs, chloroquine and antabrin are still widely used until today to treat malaria.5 Plants are of great importance to many local communities in Malaysia and Asia, either used as health supplements or for therapeutic purposes. Concoctions of several species in the form of jamu are consumed daily. Herbal medicine is now becoming more popular as alternative to western medicine and is now available in many forms. As a result, there has been rapid development of herbal industries utilizing locally available plants, either wild or introduced.6 Malaysian tropical forest is home to a large number of plants and considered to be one of the oldest and richest in the world. The rich Malaysian flora provides opportunities for the discovery of novel compounds, some of which could have useful bioactivities. The use of plant extracts and phytochemicals, both with known biological activities, can be of great significance in therapeutic treatments. Lauraceae plants are known to be prolific producers of many interesting alkaloids such as the rare proaporphine-tryptamine dimers; phoebegrandines A-B and (-)-phoebescortechiniine isolated from Phoebe grandis and Phoebe scortechinii, and bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids; oxoperakensimines A-C and 3, 4-dihydronorstephasubine isolated from Alseodaphne perakensis and Alseodaphne corneri 1 Chapter 1: Introduction respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Mise En Page 1
    MEP Candollea 68-2_. 09.12.13 10:08 Page301 Notes on the flora of Madagascar, 30-34 Martin W. Callmander, Peter B. Phillipson, Thierry Deroin & Laurent Gautier (ed.) Abstract Résumé CALLMAnder, M. W., P. B. PhiLLiPSon, T. deroin & L. gAuTier CALLMAnder, M. W., P. B. PhiLLiPSon, T. deroin & L. gAuTier (ed.) (2013). notes on the flora of Madagascar, 30-34. Candollea 68: 301- (ed.) (2013). notes sur la flore de Madagascar, 30-34. Candollea 68: 301-320. 320. in english and French, english and French abstracts. en anglais et français, résumés anglais et français. ongoing research on Madagascar’s flora is revealing numerous Les recherches en cours sur la flore de Madagascar révèlent taxonomic novelties and nomenclatural inconsistencies, and de nombreuses nouveautés taxonomiques, des problèmes de providing new data on species distribution. This is the seventh nomenclature et de nouvelles données sur la distribution des set of notes in a series that aims to provide the botanical com- espèces. Cette publication est la septième d’une série de notes munity working on the flora of Madagascar an opportunity to destinées à donner à la communauté botanique internationale publish short communications on these topics, and this issue travaillant sur Madagascar la possibilité de publier de courtes comprises five notes. contributions traitant de ces aspects et dans ce numéro, com- – Note 30. nomenclatural notes on Cryptocarya R. Br. (Lau- prend cinq notes. raceae) from Madagascar, by henk van der Werff. Five species – Note 30. notes nomenclaturales sur Cryptocarya R. Br. (Lau- of Malagasy Ravensara Sonn. are transferred to Cryptocarya raceae) à Madagascar, par henk van der Werff.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with Nomenclatural Novelties in Cryptocarya
    Notes on the flora of Madagascar, 48 The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya Henk van der Werff Abstract VAN DER WERFF, H. (2017). The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya.Candollea 72 : 323-328. In English, English and French abstracts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2017v722a8 Two identification keys to the genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar based on or fruiting specimens are provided. For each genus diagnostic characters, estimates of species numbers, recent literature and additional notes are included. Eight species of Ravensara Sonn. are transferred to Cryptocarya R. Br., resulting in five new combinations and three new names. A lectotype is designated for Ravensara affinis Kosterm. ([ Cryptocarya petiolata van der Werff). Résumé VAN DER WERFF, H. (2017). Les genres de Lauraceae à Madagascar, avec des nouveautés nomenclaturales dans le genre Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 : 323-328. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2017v722a8 Deux clés d’identification des genres de Lauraceae à Madagascar basées sur des spécimens en fleur ou en fruit sont fournies. Pour chaque genre, les caractères diagnostiques, l’estimation de son nombre d’espèces, la littérature récente le concernant et des notes supplémentaires sont fournies. Huit espèces de Ravensara Sonn. sont transférées à Cryptocarya R. Br., par cinq nouvelles combinaisons et trois noms nouveaux. Un lectotype est désigné pour Ravensara affinis Kosterm. ([ Cryptocarya petiolata van der Werff). Keywords LAURACEAE – Cryptocarya – Ravensara – Madagascar – identification key - new combinations - new names Address of the author : Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St.
    [Show full text]
  • Ambatovy Case Study
    Business and Biodiversity Offsets Programme (BBOP) BBOP Pilot Project Case Study The Ambatovy Project Forest Trends, Conservation International and the Wildlife Conservation Society provided the Secretariat for BBOP during the first phase of the programme's work (2004 – 2008). Publication Data The Ambatovy Project Business and Biodiversity Offsets Programme Pilot Project Case Study, 2009: The Ambatovy Project is a Joint Venture project between Sherritt Incorporated, Sumitomo Incorporated, Kores and SNC Lavalin. The Ambatovy Project is comprised of the following two Madagascan operating companies, Ambatovy Minerals SA (AMSA) and Dynatec Madagascar S.A. (DMSA). The Project Administrative offices are located at Trano Fitaratra, 7ème étage, Ankorondrano, Antananarivo, Madagascar (PO Box 12085, Poste Zoom, Ankorondrano), T: +261 20 22 230 88 / 22 397 35 – 37 F: +261 20 22 540 30, http://www.sherritt.mg/ Available from www.forest-trends.org/biodiversityoffsetprogram/guidelines/ambatovy-case-study.pdf. © The Ambatovy Project (Ambatovy Minerals SA/Dynatec Madagascar SA) 2009. Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of The
    [Show full text]
  • H. G. Richter Institut Fur Holzbiologie Und Holzschutz, Bundesforschungsanstalt Fur Forst- Und Holzwirtschaft, Leuschnerstrabe 91, 2050 Hamburg 80, F
    IAWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 11 (1), 1990: 47-56 WOOD AND BARK ANATOMY OF LAURACEAE m. ASPIDOSTEMON ROHWER & RICHTER by H. G. Richter Institut fUr Holzbiologie und Holzschutz, Bundesforschungsanstalt fUr Forst- und Holzwirtschaft, LeuschnerstraBe 91, 2050 Hamburg 80, F. R. O. Summary A group of Madagascan species hitherto (1. Rohwer, Institute of Systematic Botany, ascribed to the genus Cryptocarya is segre­ University of Hamburg) these earlier findings gated on account of its widely differing mor­ were revived as a valid contribution to the phology and anatomy of wood and bark. The ever more complex taxonomy of the laurel new genus, Aspidostemon Rohwer & Richter, family. constitutes a small and very homogeneous Taxonomic background taxon, and its wood and bark characteristics The pantropical genus Cryptocarya R.Br. are described in detail. Aspidostemon con­ (approx. 250 species) presents itself as a trasts Cryptocarya proper in nearly all qualita­ rather homogeneous taxon despite its wide tive and quantitative features to a high degree. distribution in tropical and subtropical regions This does not only justify its segregation of the southern hemisphere. A small group of from, but also precludes any close relation­ Madagascan species, however, possess a ship with Cryptocarya. In order to properly ac­ wood structure incompatible with that of commodate Aspidostemon in the framework Cryptocarya (Richter 1981a). More recently of lauraceous taxonomy, additional evidence these species were reinvestigated morpho­ from other botanical disciplines is required. logically and found to be indeed very dif­ Key words: Lauraceae, Aspidostemon, Cryp- ferent from Cryptocarya (Rohwer & Richter tocarya, wood anatomy, bark anatomy, 1987). As there was not sufficient agreement taxonomy.
    [Show full text]
  • Fort Dauphin) Region,Southeast Madagascar
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Madagascar Conservation & Development (E-Journal) MADAGASCAR CONSERVATION & DEVELOPMENT VOLUME 3 | ISSUE 1 — DECEMBER 2008 PAGE 55 Conservation status of vascular plant species from the QMM / Rio Tinto mining area at Mandena, Tolagnaro (Fort Dauphin) region,southeast Madagascar Porter P. Lowry III, Faly RandriatafikaII and Correspondence: Johny RabenantoandroIII Porter P. Lowry II Africa and Madagascar Department, Missouri Botanical Garden P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166 - 0299, USA E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT taxons qui n’étaient connus que des seules parcelles à exploiter A botanical inventory of the Mandena littoral forest, completed (Priorité 1) et 13 taxons dont la distribution était limitée à la in 1991 as part of an environmental impact assessment study for zone d’exploration (Priorité 2). Une nouvelle évaluation en 2001 a titanium oxide mining project being developed by QMM / Rio ajouta 11 taxons de Mandena (premier site qui fera l’objet de Tinto in the Tolagnaro (Fort Dauphin) region of southeastern l’exploitation minière et qui sera suivi par Petriky puis Sainte Madagascar, identified 29 plant taxa as priorities for conserva- Luce) et retira 13 autres taxons, ramenant ainsi la liste à 27 taxons tion, including 16 known only from the proposed mining path dont cinq taxons de Priorité 1 et 22 de Priorité 2. En considérant (Priority 1) and 13 restricted to the exploration zone (Priority 2). les données actuellement disponibles, nous avons retiré quatre A re - evaluation in 2001 added 11 taxa from Mandena (the first autres taxons de la liste (trois taxons pour lesquels des popula- of three sites targeted for mining, to be followed later by Petriky tions ont été localisées au - delà de la région de Tolagnaro et un and then Sainte Luce) and removed 13 others, leaving a total of dernier taxon car son inclusion initiale sur la liste n’était pas 27 taxa, five classified as Priority 1 and 22 as Priority 2.
    [Show full text]
  • The Endemic and Non-Endemic Vascular Flora of Madagascar Updated
    Plant Ecology and Evolution 144 (2): 121–125, 2011 doi:10.5091/plecevo.2011.513 REVIEW The endemic and non-endemic vascular flora of Madagascar updated Martin W. Callmander1,2,*, Peter B. Phillipson1,3, George E. Schatz1, Sylvie Andriambololonera4, Marina Rabarimanarivo4, Nivo Rakotonirina4, Jeannie Raharimampionona4, Cyrille Chatelain2, Laurent Gautier2 & Porter P. Lowry II1,3 1Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA 2Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, ch. de l’Impératrice 1, CP 60, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland 3Département Systématique et Evolution, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Case Postale 39, 57 rue Cuvier, FR-75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France 4Missouri Botanical Garden, Programme de recherche et de conservation, BP 3391, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar *Author for correspondence: [email protected] Background and aims – The Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar project aims to evaluate and enumerate the native and naturalized vascular plant flora of Madagascar. In light of the past two decades of intensive collecting and taxonomic work, all relevant published literature and available specimens are being reassessed in order to evaluate the taxonomic status and distribution of the native and naturalized taxa of vascular plants. Here we provide current figures for the total numbers of vascular plants and levels of endemism at the order, family, genus and species levels, comparing them to previous historical counts and analyzing the distribution of the non-endemic element of the flora. Key Results – At the time of writing (April 2010), more than a century after Baron first counted 4,100 species of vascular plants in Madagascar, the Madagascar Catalogue database had registered a total of 14,883 accepted names at all taxonomic levels (64 orders, 243 families, 1,730 genera, 11,220 species and 1,626 infraspecific taxa).
    [Show full text]