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Entamoeba Histolytica - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia • Ten Things You May Not Know About Wikipedia • 23,333 Have Donated Entamoeba histolytica - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia • Ten things you may not know about Wikipedia • 23,333 have donated. You can help Wikipedia change the world! » Donate now! "So that others may enjoy the gift of knowledge" — Anon. [Hide this message] Entamoeba histolytica From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Entamoeba histolytica Entamoeba histolytica cyst Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Phylum: Amoebozoa Class: Archamoebae Genus: Entamoeba Species: E. histolytica For the infection and disease caused by this parasite, refer to Amoebiasis. Entamoeba histolytica is an anaerobic parasitic protozoan, part of the genus Entamoeba. It infects predominantly humans and other primates. It is estimated that about 50 million people are infected with the parasite worldwide. Diverse mammals such as dogs and cats can become infected but are not http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entamoeba_histolytica (1 of 5)13/11/2550 13:08:05 Entamoeba histolytica - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia thought to contribute significantly to transmission. The active (trophozoite) stage exists only in the host and in fresh loose feces; cysts survive outside the host in water, soils and on foods, especially under moist conditions on the latter. When cysts are swallowed they cause infections by excysting (releasing the trophozoite stage) in the digestive tract. E. histolytica, as its name suggests (histo–lytic = tissue destroying), causes disease; infection can lead to amoebic dysentery or amoebic liver abscess. Symptoms can include fulminating dysentery, diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, abdominal pain, and amebomas. The amoeba can actually 'bore' into the intestinal wall, causing lesions and intestinal symptoms, and it may reach the blood stream. From there, it can reach different vital organs of the human body, usually the liver, but sometimes the lungs, brain, spleen, etc. A common outcome of this invasion of tissues is a liver abscess, which can be fatal if untreated. Ingested red blood cells are sometimes seen in the amoeba cell cytoplasm. It can be diagnosed by stool samples but it is important to note that certain other species are impossible to distinguish by microscopy alone. Trophozoites may be seen in a fresh fecal smear and cysts in an ordinary stool sample. ELISA or RIA can also be used. Genus and Species Entamoeba histolytica Amoebiasis; Amoebic dysentery; Extraintestinal Amoebiasis, usually Etiologic Agent of: Amoebic Liver Abscess = “anchovy sauce”); Amoeba Cutis; Amoebic Lung Abscess (“liver-colored sputum”) Infective stage Cyst Definitive Host Human Portal of Entry Mouth Mode of Transmission Ingestion of mature cyst through contaminated food or water Habitat Colon and Cecum Pathogenic Stage Trophozoite Locomotive apparatus Pseudopodia (“False Foot”) Motility Active, Progressive and Directional Nucleus 'Ring and dot' appearance: peripheral chromatin and central karyosome Mode of Reproduction Binary Fission http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entamoeba_histolytica (2 of 5)13/11/2550 13:08:05 Entamoeba histolytica - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Lytic necrosis (it looks like “flask-shaped” holes in Gastrointestinal Pathogenesis tract sections (GIT) Type of Encystment Protective and Reproductive Most common is Direct Fecal Smear (DFS) and staining (but does not allow identification to species level); Enzymeimmunoassay (EIA); Lab Diagnosis Indirect Hemagglutination (IHA); Antigen detection – monoclonal antibody; Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR for species identification. Culture: From faecal samples - Robinson's medium, Jones' medium Metronidazole for the invasive trophozoites PLUS a lumenal Treatment amoebicide for those still in the intestine (Paromomycin is the most widely used) Trophozoite Stage Pathognomonic/Diagnostic Ingested RBC; distinctive nucleus Feature Cyst Stage Chromatoidal Body 'Cigar' shaped bodies (made up of crystalline ribosomes) Number of Nuclei 1 in early stages, 4 when mature Pathognomonic/Diagnostic 'Ring and dot' nucleus and chromatoid bodies Feature [edit] External links ● CDC DPDx Parasitology Diagnostic Web Site ● LSHTM Entamoeba Homepage ● Public domain Entamoeba histolytica article from the Bad Bug Book, from which the original version of this article was adapted. Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entamoeba_histolytica" Categories: Amoebozoa | Parasites http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entamoeba_histolytica (3 of 5)13/11/2550 13:08:05 Entamoeba histolytica - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Views ● Article ● Discussion ● Edit this page ● History Personal tools ● Sign in / create account Navigation ● Main page ● Contents ● Featured content ● Current events ● Random article interaction ● About Wikipedia ● Community portal ● Recent changes ● Contact Wikipedia ● Donate to Wikipedia ● Help Search Toolbox ● What links here ● Related changes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entamoeba_histolytica (4 of 5)13/11/2550 13:08:05 Entamoeba histolytica - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ● Upload file ● Special pages ● Printable version ● Permanent link ● Cite this article In other languages ● Deutsch ● Dansk ● Español ● Français ● ••••• ● Português ● Türkçe ● This page was last modified 00:16, 11 November 2007. ● All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details.) Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a U.S. registered 501(c)(3) tax-deductible nonprofit charity. ● Privacy policy ● About Wikipedia ● Disclaimers http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entamoeba_histolytica (5 of 5)13/11/2550 13:08:05.
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