Phylogeny of Dictyocaulus (Lungworms) from Eight Species of Ruminants Based on Analyses of Ribosomal RNA Data
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BIGHORN SHEEP Ovis Canadensis Original1 Prepared by R.A
BIGHORN SHEEP Ovis canadensis Original1 prepared by R.A. Demarchi Species Information Distribution Global Taxonomy The genus Ovis is present in west-central Asia, Until recently, three species of Bighorn Sheep were Siberia, and North America (and widely introduced recognized in North America: California Bighorn in Europe). Approximately 38 000 Rocky Mountain Sheep (Ovis canadensis californiana), Rocky Bighorn Sheep (Wishart 1999) are distributed in Mountain Bighorn Sheep (O. canadensis canadensis), scattered patches along the Rocky Mountains of and Desert Bighorn Sheep (O. canadensis nelsoni). As North America from west of Grand Cache, Alberta, a result of morphometric measurements, and to northern New Mexico. They are more abundant protein and mtDNA analysis, Ramey (1995, 1999) and continuously distributed in the rainshadow of recommended that only Desert Bighorn Sheep and the eastern slopes of the Continental Divide the Sierra Nevada population of California Bighorn throughout their range. Sheep be recognized as separate subspecies. California Bighorn Sheep were extirpated from most Currently, California and Rocky Mountain Bighorn of the United States by epizootic disease contracted sheep are managed as separate ecotypes in British from domestic sheep in the 1800s with a small Columbia. number living in California until 1954 (Buechner Description 1960). Since 1954, Bighorn Sheep have been reintroduced from British Columbia to California, California Bighorn Sheep are slightly smaller than Idaho, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, Utah, and mature Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Washington, resulting in their re-establishment in (McTaggart-Cowan and Guiguet 1965). Like their much of their historic range. By 1998, California Rocky Mountain counterpart, California Bighorn Bighorn Sheep were estimated to number 10 000 Sheep have a dark to medium rich brown head, neck, (Toweill 1999). -
Bison Literature Review Biology
Bison Literature Review Ben Baldwin and Kody Menghini The purpose of this document is to compare the biology, ecology and basic behavior of cattle and bison for a management context. The literature related to bison is extensive and broad in scope covering the full continuum of domestication. The information incorporated in this review is focused on bison in more or less “wild” or free-ranging situations i.e.., not bison in close confinement or commercial production. While the scientific literature provides a solid basis for much of the basic biology and ecology, there is a wealth of information related to management implications and guidelines that is not captured. Much of the current information related to bison management, behavior (especially social organization) and practical knowledge is available through local experts, current research that has yet to be published, or popular literature. These sources, while harder to find and usually more localized in scope, provide crucial information pertaining to bison management. Biology Diet Composition Bison evolutional history provides the basis for many of the differences between bison and cattle. Bison due to their evolution in North America ecosystems are better adapted than introduced cattle, especially in grass dominated systems such as prairies. Many of these areas historically had relatively low quality forage. Bison are capable of more efficient digestion of low-quality forage then cattle (Peden et al. 1973; Plumb and Dodd 1993). Peden et al. (1973) also found that bison could consume greater quantities of low protein and poor quality forage then cattle. Bison and cattle have significant dietary overlap, but there are slight differences as well. -
Last Interglacial (MIS 5) Ungulate Assemblage from the Central Iberian Peninsula: the Camino Cave (Pinilla Del Valle, Madrid, Spain)
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 374 (2013) 327–337 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo Last Interglacial (MIS 5) ungulate assemblage from the Central Iberian Peninsula: The Camino Cave (Pinilla del Valle, Madrid, Spain) Diego J. Álvarez-Lao a,⁎, Juan L. Arsuaga b,c, Enrique Baquedano d, Alfredo Pérez-González e a Área de Paleontología, Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Jesús Arias de Velasco, s/n, 33005 Oviedo, Spain b Centro Mixto UCM-ISCIII de Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, C/Sinesio Delgado, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain c Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain d Museo Arqueológico Regional de la Comunidad de Madrid, Plaza de las Bernardas, s/n, 28801-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain e Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Paseo Sierra de Atapuerca, s/n, 09002 Burgos, Spain article info abstract Article history: The fossil assemblage from the Camino Cave, corresponding to the late MIS 5, constitutes a key record to un- Received 2 November 2012 derstand the faunal composition of Central Iberia during the last Interglacial. Moreover, the largest Iberian Received in revised form 21 January 2013 fallow deer fossil population was recovered here. Other ungulate species present at this assemblage include Accepted 31 January 2013 red deer, roe deer, aurochs, chamois, wild boar, horse and steppe rhinoceros; carnivores and Neanderthals Available online 13 February 2013 are also present. The origin of the accumulation has been interpreted as a hyena den. Abundant fallow deer skeletal elements allowed to statistically compare the Camino Cave fossils with other Keywords: Early Late Pleistocene Pleistocene and Holocene European populations. -
Sommaire N” 3 - 1964
Retour au menu SOMMAIRE N” 3 - 1964 TRAVAUX ORIGINAUX G. UILENBERG. - Note sur les hématozooires et tiques des animaux domes- t,ques à Madagascar <. 337 J. BALIS. - Utilisation des glucides et de leurs produits de métabolisme par rryponosomo evonsi et Trypanosome brucer.. 361 J. BALIS. - Elimination de l’acide pyruvique des milieux de culture en vue de favmser la survie de Trypanosome evonsi 369 M. GRABER, M. DOUTRE, P. FINELLE, J. KERAVEC, G. DUCROZ et P.MOKO- TAINGAR. - Les helminthes de quelques artlodactyles sauvages apparte- nani ouxfamilles des bovidés et des suidés. Ces mammifèresen République du Tchad e+ en R. C.A. sont-ils des réservoirs de’paraiites pourlesammai~x domestiques wvani 0 leur contaci ? 377 5. GRCTILLAT. -Valeur taxonomiquedescaractères morphologlquesetanato- nvques du pore génital chez les Trématodes du genre Cormyerius (Gastro- Ihylacidae) ..,,....,,...:<,...<.............,,,.....,.,,,.......... 421 - Cautère &ctrique pour grands animaux pour feux rapides sans interruption - TRUMENTS DE CH IRURGIE MORIN 15. AVENUE BOSQUE T - PARIS-VIIe Retour au menu Sommaire (Sude) TRAVAUX ORIGINAUX S. GRÉTILLAT. - Différences morphologiques entre Schisfosomo bovis (souche de Karthoum) et Schistosomo curossoni (souche deMauritanie) 429 S. GRÉTILLAT et P. PICART. -Premières observations sur les lésions provo- quées chez les ruminants infestés massivement par Schistosomo cur(~sson~ 433 M. GRABER et M. THOME. - La cysticercose bovine en RépubliqueduTchod.. 441 M. GRABER et J. GRUVEL. - Note préliminaire concernant la transmission de Stksia Globipunctota (Rlvolta 1874) du mouton par divers @ariens oribater 467 P. DAYNES. - Note sur les helminthoses des animaux domestiques reconnues àMadagascar ..<....<<.....,.,..<.,..<,...<<,,,..,..<.,..,... 477 M. GRABERet J. SERVICE. - Leieniasisdes bovins et desovins delaRépublique duTchad .,.,,,,,.....,,........,,.,.......<<,.,....~<,,<,........ 491 M. GRABER ei 0. -
Effect of Infection with Lungworms ( Dictyocaulus Viviparus)
Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core Brifish Journal of Nutrifion (1986), 55, 351-360 351 Effect of infection with lungworms (Dictyocaulus viviparus) on energy and nitrogen metabolism in growing calves BY J. E. G. M. KROONEN', M. W. A. VERSTEGEN2*, J. H. BOON'AND . IP address: W. VAN DER HEL' Departments of 'Animal Husbandry and 2Animal Nutrition, Agricultural University of Wageningen, Marijkeweg 40,6709 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands 170.106.202.58 (Received 24 February 1984 - Accepted 23 September 1985) 1. Ten Friesian male calves of about 100 kg and 3 months old were reared similarly and were worm-free. From , on 13 weeks of age five calves received a dose of 640 infective larvae (L8)of lungworms (Dictyocuulus viviparus) twice 27 Sep 2021 at 17:55:27 weekly for 8 weeks to simulate continuous infection. Animals not infected were fed to the same level as the infected animals (about 1.2-1.3 kg concentrates and 14-1.5 kg good-quality hay/d). 2. Heat production was measured twice weekly during 48 h (days 2 and 3, and days 5 and 6) in each group of experimental animals. 3. Infection caused considerable damage to the lungs, increased respiration frequency and clearly produced antibody titres against D. viviparus. 4. Animals infected with lungworms had on average a lower rate of weight gain, reduced by 70 g/d per animal. , subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at Digestibility was not affected. Nitrogen retention was much lower in infected animals (12.0 v. 14.6 g/d per animal in controls). -
Antelope, Deer, Bighorn Sheep and Mountain Goats: a Guide to the Carpals
J. Ethnobiol. 10(2):169-181 Winter 1990 ANTELOPE, DEER, BIGHORN SHEEP AND MOUNTAIN GOATS: A GUIDE TO THE CARPALS PAMELA J. FORD Mount San Antonio College 1100 North Grand Avenue Walnut, CA 91739 ABSTRACT.-Remains of antelope, deer, mountain goat, and bighorn sheep appear in archaeological sites in the North American west. Carpal bones of these animals are generally recovered in excellent condition but are rarely identified beyond the classification 1/small-sized artiodactyl." This guide, based on the analysis of over thirty modem specimens, is intended as an aid in the identifi cation of these remains for archaeological and biogeographical studies. RESUMEN.-Se han encontrado restos de antilopes, ciervos, cabras de las montanas rocosas, y de carneros cimarrones en sitios arqueol6gicos del oeste de Norte America. Huesos carpianos de estos animales se recuperan, por 10 general, en excelentes condiciones pero raramente son identificados mas alIa de la clasifi cacion "artiodactilos pequeno." Esta glia, basada en un anaIisis de mas de treinta especlmenes modemos, tiene el proposito de servir como ayuda en la identifica cion de estos restos para estudios arqueologicos y biogeogrMicos. RESUME.-On peut trouver des ossements d'antilopes, de cerfs, de chevres de montagne et de mouflons des Rocheuses, dans des sites archeologiques de la . region ouest de I'Amerique du Nord. Les os carpeins de ces animaux, generale ment en excellente condition, sont rarement identifies au dela du classement d' ,I artiodactyles de petite taille." Le but de ce guide base sur 30 specimens recents est d'aider aidentifier ces ossements pour des etudes archeologiques et biogeo graphiques. -
Genital Brucella Suis Biovar 2 Infection of Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa) Hunted in Tuscany (Italy)
microorganisms Article Genital Brucella suis Biovar 2 Infection of Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Hunted in Tuscany (Italy) Giovanni Cilia * , Filippo Fratini , Barbara Turchi, Marta Angelini, Domenico Cerri and Fabrizio Bertelloni Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; fi[email protected] (F.F.); [email protected] (B.T.); [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (D.C.); [email protected] (F.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by different Brucella species. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) could be infected by some species and represents an important reservoir, especially for B. suis biovar 2. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Brucella spp. by serological and molecular assays in wild boar hunted in Tuscany (Italy) during two hunting seasons. From 287 animals, sera, lymph nodes, livers, spleens, and reproductive system organs were collected. Within sera, 16 (5.74%) were positive to both rose bengal test (RBT) and complement fixation test (CFT), with titres ranging from 1:4 to 1:16 (corresponding to 20 and 80 ICFTU/mL, respectively). Brucella spp. DNA was detected in four lymph nodes (1.40%), five epididymides (1.74%), and one fetus pool (2.22%). All positive PCR samples belonged to Brucella suis biovar 2. The results of this investigation confirmed that wild boar represents a host for B. suis biovar. 2 and plays an important role in the epidemiology of brucellosis in central Italy. Additionally, epididymis localization confirms the possible venereal transmission. Citation: Cilia, G.; Fratini, F.; Turchi, B.; Angelini, M.; Cerri, D.; Bertelloni, Keywords: Brucella suis biovar 2; wild boar; surveillance; epidemiology; reproductive system F. -
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum and Babesia Species Of
pathogens Article Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia Species of Sympatric Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus), Fallow Deer (Dama dama), Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Germany Cornelia Silaghi 1,2,*, Julia Fröhlich 1, Hubert Reindl 3, Dietmar Hamel 4 and Steffen Rehbein 4 1 Institute of Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 5, 80802 Munich, Germany; [email protected] 2 Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald Insel Riems, Germany 3 Tierärztliche Fachpraxis für Kleintiere, Schießtrath 12, 92709 Moosbach, Germany; [email protected] 4 Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Walchenseestr. 8-12, 83101 Rohrdorf, Germany; [email protected] (D.H.); steff[email protected] (S.R.) * Correspondence: cornelia.silaghi@fli.de; Tel.: +49-0-383-5171-172 Received: 15 October 2020; Accepted: 18 November 2020; Published: 20 November 2020 Abstract: (1) Background: Wild cervids play an important role in transmission cycles of tick-borne pathogens; however, investigations of tick-borne pathogens in sika deer in Germany are lacking. (2) Methods: Spleen tissue of 74 sympatric wild cervids (30 roe deer, 7 fallow deer, 22 sika deer, 15 red deer) and of 27 red deer from a farm from southeastern Germany were analyzed by molecular methods for the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia species. (3) Results: Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia DNA was demonstrated in 90.5% and 47.3% of the 74 combined wild cervids and 14.8% and 18.5% of the farmed deer, respectively. Twelve 16S rRNA variants of A. phagocytophilum were delineated. -
Monophyly of Clade III Nematodes Is Not Supported by Phylogenetic Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequences
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title Monophyly of clade III nematodes is not supported by phylogenetic analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7509r5vp Journal BMC Genomics, 12(1) ISSN 1471-2164 Authors Park, Joong-Ki Sultana, Tahera Lee, Sang-Hwa et al. Publication Date 2011-08-03 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-392 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Park et al. BMC Genomics 2011, 12:392 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/12/392 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Monophyly of clade III nematodes is not supported by phylogenetic analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences Joong-Ki Park1*, Tahera Sultana2, Sang-Hwa Lee3, Seokha Kang4, Hyong Kyu Kim5, Gi-Sik Min2, Keeseon S Eom6 and Steven A Nadler7 Abstract Background: The orders Ascaridida, Oxyurida, and Spirurida represent major components of zooparasitic nematode diversity, including many species of veterinary and medical importance. Phylum-wide nematode phylogenetic hypotheses have mainly been based on nuclear rDNA sequences, but more recently complete mitochondrial (mtDNA) gene sequences have provided another source of molecular information to evaluate relationships. Although there is much agreement between nuclear rDNA and mtDNA phylogenies, relationships among certain major clades are different. In this study we report that mtDNA sequences do not support the monophyly of Ascaridida, Oxyurida and Spirurida (clade III) in contrast to results for nuclear rDNA. Results from mtDNA genomes show promise as an additional independently evolving genome for developing phylogenetic hypotheses for nematodes, although substantially increased taxon sampling is needed for enhanced comparative value with nuclear rDNA. -
Ostertagia Ostertagi Excretory-Secretory Products
Academic Year 2007-2008 Laboratory for Parasitology Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology Ghent University – Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Study of Ostertagia ostertagi excretory-secretory products Heidi Saverwyns Proefschrift voorgelegd aan de faculteit Diergeneeskunde tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de Diergeneeskundige Wetenschappen Promotoren: Prof. Dr. E. Claerebout en Dr. P. Geldhof Het heeft wel eventjes geduurd, maar nu is het zover. Veel mensen hebben de afgelopen jaren direct of indirect hun medewerking verleend aan het tot stand komen van dit proefschrift. Een aantal van hen wil ik hier persoonlijk bedanken. In eerste instantie wens ik Prof dr. Jozef Vercuysse en mijn promotor Prof. Dr. Edwin Claerebout te bedanken omdat jullie mij de kans boden om op het labo Parasitologie te doctoreren. Jullie deur stond altijd open zowel in goede tijden als in slechte tijden. Bedankt voor alles!! Peter, nog maar pas terug uit Moredun en vervolgens gebombardeerd tot mijn promotor. Jouw hulp was onmisbaar bij het vervolledigen van dit proefschrift. Hopelijk heb je niet te veel fietsuren moeten missen door de ontelbare corrigeersessies. Denk vooral aan die ‘oh zo leuke bureau momenten’ wanneer we samen neurieden op mijn nieuwste ringtone. Dr. Marc Fransen, bedankt voor alle hulp en goede tips wanneer mijn fagen niet deden wat van hen verwacht werd. Natuurlijk wil ik u ook bedanken voor het gedetailleerd en supersnel nalezen van dit proefschrift! Isabel, jouw hersenspinsels (neergepend in een FWO aanvraag) betekenden het startsignaal van een wilde rit op het faagdisplay rad. Je hebt ons reeds enkele jaren geleden verlaten, desalniettemin was je direct bereid om in mijn leescommissie te zetelen. -
SCARABAEOID BEET~ES ACT Lng on LUNGWORM, Dictyocaulus Hadweni, LARVAE in ELK FECES 1978
Bergstrom: Parasites of Ungulates in the Jackson Hole Area: Scarabaeoid Beet -9- PARASITES OF UNGULATES IN THE JACKSON HO~E AREA: SCARABAEOID BEET~ES ACT lNG ON LUNGWORM, Dictyocaulus hadweni, LARVAE IN ELK FECES 1978 Robert C. Bergstrom Division of Microbiology and Veterinary Medicine University of Wyoming The lungworm of elk, Dictyoca-ulus hadweni, is morphologically quite like the species in cattle but the parasite affects the two species of host animals in very different ways. In cattle, D. viviparus is usually found only in young animals. After a calf is exposed and makes antibody or cell mediated immunological responses to the parasite, the calf usually can not b~ reinfected. In the case of the parasite's invasion of elk tissue, some immunological response is apparently made during the late spring, summer and fall months so that very few elk are positive for lungworm from September-January. However, most elk (65-80%) are susceptible to infe~tion or reinfection annuqlly (Apri 1-May). It appears that the reinfection time coin~ides with the span of time in which the elk are at their physiological low. The April-May period may be the time when the physiological condition of the elk is at a seasonal low. Any biological factors which would decrease the numbers of infective Dictyocaulus larva~ would benefit the elk. Objectives The objectives of the present study are: 1. Continue research of the prevalence of Dictyocaulus hadweni in Teton elk during four seasons of the year. (This must be done to find worm positive elk for the biological predation research.) 2. -
Nematodirus Spathiger of Small Ruminants Guang-Hui Zhao1*†, Yan-Qing Jia1†, Wen-Yu Cheng1, Wen Zhao1, Qing-Qing Bian1 and Guo-Hua Liu2*
Zhao et al. Parasites & Vectors 2014, 7:319 http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/7/1/319 RESEARCH Open Access Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Nematodirus oiratianus and Nematodirus spathiger of small ruminants Guang-Hui Zhao1*†, Yan-Qing Jia1†, Wen-Yu Cheng1, Wen Zhao1, Qing-Qing Bian1 and Guo-Hua Liu2* Abstract Background: Nematodirus spp. are among the most common nematodes of ruminants worldwide. N. oiratianus and N. spathiger are distributed worldwide as highly prevalent gastrointestinal nematodes, which cause emerging health problems and economic losses. Accurate identification of Nematodirus species is essential to develop effective control strategies for Nematodirus infection in ruminants. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) could provide powerful genetic markers for identifying these closely related species and resolving phylogenetic relationships at different taxonomic levels. Methods: In the present study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of N. oiratianus and N. spathiger from small ruminants in China were obtained using Long-range PCR and sequencing. Results: The complete mt genomes of N. oiratianus and N. spathiger were 13,765 bp and 13,519 bp in length, respectively. Both mt genomes were circular and consisted of 36 genes, including 12 genes encoding proteins, 2 genes encoding rRNA, and 22 genes encoding tRNA. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated amino acid sequence data of all 12 protein-coding genes by Bayesian inference (BI), Maximum likelihood (ML) and Maximum parsimony (MP) showed that the two Nematodirus species (Molineidae) were closely related to Dictyocaulidae. Conclusions: The availability of the complete mtDNA sequences of N. oiratianus and N. spathiger not only provides new mtDNA sources for a better understanding of nematode mt genomics and phylogeny, but also provides novel and useful genetic markers for studying diagnosis, population genetics and molecular epidemiology of Nematodirus spp.