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Poisonous Plant Guide Reprinted from the Merck Veterinary Manual, 8Th Ed., 1998, with Permission of the Publisher, Merck & Co., Inc.,Whitehouse Station, N.J

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Poisonous Plant Guide Reprinted from the Merck Veterinary Manual, 8Th Ed., 1998, with Permission of the Publisher, Merck & Co., Inc.,Whitehouse Station, N.J Poisonous Plant Guide Reprinted from The Merck Veterinary Manual, 8th ed., 1998, with permission of the publisher, Merck & Co., Inc.,Whitehouse Station, N.J. This chart may be used as a guide to preventing pet exposure to poisonous plants. Call your veterinarian immediately if you suspect your pet has been exposed to any poisonous substance. Agave Brunfelsia Americana (Agavaceae): Caladium pauciflora var spp (Araceae): Century Plant, Aloe Barbadensis (vera) (Liliaceae): floribunda (Solanaceae): Caladium, Fancy leaf American aloe Barbados aloe, Curacao aloe Yesterday-today-and-tomorrow, caladium, Angel wings Lady-of-the-night CHARACTERISTICS: Clumps of thick, CHARACTERISTICS: Succulent herb with cluster of Aglaonema CHARACTERISTICS: Perennial herbs with long-shaped blue/green leaves with hook narrow fleshy, spinous or coarsely serrated margin CHARACTERISTICS: Evergreen shrubs to small trees with (margin) and pointed spines (tip). Central modestum simple, heart-shaped thin, highlighted veins, leaves, with hook spines on leaf margin. Dense alternate, undivided, toothless, thick rather leathery flower stalk with small tubular (Araceae): variegated leaves; yellow green spathe; grown spiked tubular yellow flowers at end of single stalk. lustrous leaves.Winter-blooming; large showy flowers in clusters. Chinese evergreen, from rhizomes. Painted drop tongue sometimes fragrant flowers, clustered or solitary TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Contains anthraquinone at the branch ends, with 5-lobed tubular calyx, TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Calcium oxalate TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Sap contains glycosides (barbaloin, emodin) and chrysophanic CHARACTERISTICS: Central stem with solid 5 petals, and funnel-shaped corolla. crystals and unknowns found in all parts, especially calcium oxalate crystals; saponins and acid in the latex of the leaves; higher medium green or splotched gray/green Fruits berry-like capsules. rhizomes. Ingestion causes immediate intense pain, acrid volatile oil in leaves and seeds. On concentrations in younger leaves. On ingestion, leaves; small greenish flowers. local irritation to mucous membranes, excess ingestion, causes dermal and oral causes abrupt, severe diarrhea and/or TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Alkaloid salivation, swollen tongue and pharynx, diarrhea, mucosal irritation and edema. hypoglycemia, with vomiting in some cases. TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: The entire components (atropine, scopolamine, and dyspnea. Pets access to plant associated with Colchicum plant contains calcium oxalate crystals. hyoscyamine) found in the flowers, leaves, rhizomes brought indoors for winter storage. TREATMENT: Symptomatic TREATMENT: Symptomatic control autumnale Liliaceae, On ingestion, causes oral mucosal bark, and roots. On ingestion, animals show diarrhea and fluid loss. Colchicaceae): irritation and edema. tachycardia, dry mouth, dilated pupils, TREATMENT: Symptomatic Cannabis ataxia, tremors, depression, Autumn crocus, Crocus, Fall sativa (Canna baceae): crocus, Meadow saffron,Wonder bulb TREATMENT: Symptomatic urinary retention, and sometimes coma Mary Jane, Marijuana, Grass, Pot, (deep sedation). Not reported to cause death. Hashish, Indian hemp, Reefer,Weed CHARACTERISTICS: Popular house or yard plant, Chlorophytum spp (Liliaceae): TREATMENT: In severely depressed perennial herb, ovoid under ground corm CHARACTERISTICS: Annual herb grown from seeds 6 ft. tall. Leaves covered with brown membrane or scales. Leaves large, Spider plant, Capsicum animals, stimulants (respiratory and opposite or alternate, palmately compound with 5-7 linear, coarsely lanceolate, basal, ovate, smooth, ribbed, appear in spring and St Bernard’s lily, annuum cardiac), along with supportive dentate leaflets; small green flowers at tip (male) or along entire length die back before flowering. Flowers tubular, solitary, pale Airplane plant (Solanaceae): therapy recommended. (female) of branch; fruits achenes. Grown for its fiber; legally cultivated under purple or white appearing in fall; ovoid capsule with Cherry pepper, Chili federal license only. numerous seeds. CHARACTERISTICS: Rhizomatous herbs pepper, Ornamental pepper, with leaves slightly glossy, succulent, Capsicum TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Leaves, stems, and flower buds of mature TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Colchicine and related narrow, strap-like, greensome with a broad plants contain tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and related compounds.THC Convallaria alkaloids found throughout plant.These alkaloids are heat yellow or white band down the middle; long, CHARACTERISTICS: Annual shrub; branched, erect concentrations vary with plant variety (1-6%), parts (female flowers have stable and not affected by drying. Colchicine is used cream, hanging stems with small, white flowers stem; dark glossy, ovate, entire margin leaves; majalis (Liliaceae): highest concentrations), processing (extracts have as much as 28%), sex and experimentally in genetic investigations, and developing into plantlets. Often grown in white flowers Fruits shiny berries of various Lily-of-the-valley. Conval growing conditions. Lethal dose for dogs >3.0 g/kg body wt. Pets exposure medically in the treatment of gout in humans. It is hanging baskets. colors, shapes, sizes. lily, Mayflower usually from accidental access to this plant being used for in-home cumulative and slowly excreted. Milk of lactating treatment of cancer patient or for illegal recreational uses by owner. Pets TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: More commonly CHARACTERISTICS: Herbaceous perennial animals is a major excretory pathway. Observed clinical TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Capsaicinoids grown today for its filtering ability. Pet animals (dogs primarily) show ataxia, vomiting, mydriasis, prolonged depression, from slender running rhizome; stem signs are thirst, difficult swallowing, abdominal pain, (capsaicin) in the mature fruits, solanine and (especially cats) reach these plants either by tachycardia or bradycardia, salivation, hyperexcitability, tremors and leafless, bearing a 1-sided raceme of profuse vomiting and diarrhea, weakness, and shock scopletin in foliage; irritating to the GI tract, climbing or when plantlets fall from mature hypothermia. Death results when vital CNS regulatory centers are nodding white, aromatic, bell-shaped within hours of ingestion. Death from with vomiting and diarrhea. Not likely stems. Unknown toxin(s) found in leaves and severely depressed. flowers; leaves 2 or 3, basal to 1 ft. long. respiratory failure. to be lethal. plantlets.Vomiting, salivation, retching, and Fruit a red berry but seldom formed. TREATMENT: Remove animal from source. Effectiveness of emetics TREATMENT: Prolonged course due to slow transient anorexia seen in cats within TREATMENT: Symptomatic; irritation relief limited by antiemetic effect of THC. Oral tannic acid, excretion of colchicine. Gastric lavage; hours of ingestion. Deaths and cool water irrigation, topical or TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Cardiac glycosides activated charcoal followed by saline cathartics have supportive care for dehydration and diarrhea not reported. oral mineral or vegetable oil. (convallarin, convallamarin, convallatoxin), irritant saponins been recommended. Stimulants (cardiac and found in leaves, flowers, rhizome, and water in which flowers electrolyte losses (fluid therapy): CNS, Digitalis Rarely topical TREATMENT: respiratory) along with supportive therapy have been kept.Variable latent period depending on dose. circulatory, and respiratory purpurea anesthetics. Euphorbia Symptomatic essential in severely depressed animals. GI signs (vomiting, trembling, abdominal pain, diarrhea), disturbances. Analgesics (Scrophulariacae): pulcherrima Recovery slow at best. progressive cardiac irregularities (irregular heart beats, and atropine recommended Foxglove (Euphorbiaceae): A-V block) and death. Hyperkalemia in acute cases. for abdominal pain and Poinsettia, Christmas flower, Gastroenteritis, petechial hemorrhages throughout. diarrhea. CHARACTERISTICS: Erect biennial with Christmas star simple petioled (long on lower, short or Dracaena TREATMENT: Aimed at gut decontamination (gastric Dieffenbachia spp sessile on upper), alternate, toothed, hairy, CHARACTERISTICS: Perennial shrub with milky, white sap spp (Agavaceae): lavage) and at correcting bradycardia (atropine), (Araceae): ovate to lanceolate leaves. Purple, pink, red, throughout. Leaves alternate, petioled, distinctly veined, Dragon tree conduction defects (phenytoin), and electrolyte Dumbcane white or yellow tubular flowers (with spots) entire or lobed, and conspicuously bright red, pink or white imbalance such as hyperkalemia (IV in terminal racemes; fruit is a capsule with (terminal leaves), lower leaves remain green. Flowers small CHARACTERISTICS: Robust palm-like electrolytes). Electrocardiographic CHARACTERISTICS: Fairly tall, erect, unbranched, fleshy plant; many seeds. and inconspicuous. house plant with lance-shaped, thin, and serum potassium stem girdled with leaf scars; leaves large, thickly veined, variegated, alternate, nonpetioled monitoring sheath-like petioles, white or yellow spots TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Cardiac TOXIC PRINCIPLES AND EFFECTS: Milky sap contains unknown leaves.Yellow, red, or green stripes along necessary. on blade. glycosides (digitoxin, digitalin, digoxin, leaf margins in some species. Lower leaves toxic principle(s); irritates mucous membranes and causes and others), saponins and alkaloids excessive salivation and vomiting but not death.Toxicity are lost, leaf scars
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