DOCSLIB.ORG

Alphanumeric and Graphic CRT Terminals

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Alphanumeric and Graphic CRT Terminals \ ALPHANUMERIC AND GRAPHIC CRT TERMINALS 1975 - 1980 VENTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION One Washington Street Wellesley, Massachusetts 02181 Study Team: Lewis I. Solomon Steven E. Smylie Edward A. Ross @ Copyright, November 1975 by Venture Development Corporation All Rights Reserved VENTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION REPORT STUDY TEAM LEWIS I. SOLOMON, Lewis 1. Solomon is the founder of President Venture Development Corporation. He has held positions in the management of semiconductor and computer research and development. He received his BEE in 1959 from Rensselaer Poly­ technic Institute, his MEE from The Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, and his MBA from the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration. STEVEN E. SMYLIE, Steven E. Smylie joined Venture Consultant Development in 1975. Prior to joining the company he was an electroniy engineer specialiZing in the design of computer systems at RCA in Van Nuys, California. He holds a BS degree I cum laude in Engineering from the Univer­ sity of California - Los Angeles, and an MBA from the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration. Mr. Smylie is a member of Tau Beta Pi. EDWARD A. ROSS, Edward A. Ross was President and Senior Consultant founder of both Ross Controls Corpora­ tion, and Trump-Ross Industrial Controls. He has held positions in sales management, and was Manager of Marketing Research at Raytheon's Industrial Components Division. He received his BS degree from the City College of New York in 1944, perform­ ed graduate work in marketing at Columbia University, and received his MBA from Northeastern University in 1964. VENTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION TABLE OF CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 9 HISTORY OF THE CRT TERMINAL INDUSTRY 13 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 18 Defini tion of a Terminal 18 Interactive Terminals 19 Teleprinter Terminals 20 CRT Terminals 23 POS/Intelligent/Special Purpose Terminals 23 CRT Terminal Classifications 24 Installed Base of Alphanumeric CRT Terminals 27 IBM 2260 and Compatibles 30 IBM 3270 and Compatibles 31 Other Mainframe Manufacturers 32 Teleprinter Replacements 32 Teletype Model 40 33 Independent Systems 33 I 1974 Shipments of Alphanumeric CRT Terminals 34 IBM 2260 and Compatibles 34 IBM 3270 and Compatibles 34 Other Mainframe Manufacturers 37 Teleprinter Replacements 37 Teletype Model 40 38 Independent Systems 38 Market Share Distributions of Alphanumeric CRT Terminals 39 IBM 2260 and Compatibles 39 IBM 3270 and Compatibles 41 Other Mainframe Manufacturers 42 Teleprinter Replacements 43 Teletype Model 40 43 Independent Systems 4S VENTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Page Segmentation of Installed Base of Alphanumeric CRT Terminals by System Type 46 Stand Alone/Clustered Terminai"s 46 Clustered Terminal Sizes 47 Local/Remote Terminals 51 Minicomputer/Microprocessor Based Terminals 54 Graphic CRT Terminals 58 Price/Performance Graphic CRT Terminal Segments 61 Low Priced Segment 64 Medium Priced Segment 65 High Priced Segment 67 Cost Components of Graphic CRT Terminals 69 CRT Terminal Users 71 Average Number of Terminals Per User 73 CRT TERMINAL TECHNOLOGY 76 Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Technology 77 CRT Display Monitor 79 Operation of a CRT Monitor 80 Phosphors 80 Flicker 81 Brightness 82 Video Linearity 83 Screen Sizes 83 Market Share by Screen Size 85 Character Sizes 87 CRT Monitor Standards 87 CRT Control Unit 88 Character Dot Matrix 88 Character Generator 90 Size of Character Set 90 Number of Characters Per Display 91 Number of Characters Per Row 93 Number of Rows Per Display 93 RefreSh Memory 97 Cursor Representation and Control 97 Special Video Options 99 CRT Control Unit Standards 99 VENTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Page Keyboards 100 Typewriter Keyboards 100 Numeric Keyboards 101 Special Function Keyboards 101 M icroproce s sor/Hard - Wired Con troller 102 Controller Technology 103 Intelligence Level 104 Future Role of Microprocessors 105 Communications Line Interface 106 Data Communication Hardware 107 Communica tions Con troller 107 Modems 108 Acoustic Couplers 109 EIA RS 232 Interface Standards 110 Data Transmission Techniques 110 Simplex/Half Duplex/Full Duplex 110 Asynchronous Data Transmission 111 Synchronous Data Transmission 112 Character Transmission Codes 113 Transmission Line Characters 113 Digital Transmission Lines 114 Line Control Procedures 115 Error Detection/Correction 116 M ul ti -Terminal Configura tions· 117 Printers 118 Impact Printers 118 Non-Impact Printers 119 Other Terminal Peripherals 120 Graphic CRT Terminal Technology 121 Graphic CRT Display Operation 121 Storage Tube Displays 122 Random Scan Displays 123 Raster Scan Display 124 Hard ware/Software Tradeoffs 125 ALTERNATE DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES 127 Light Emitting Diodes 128 Liquid Crystals 129 VENTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Page Gas Panel Displays 130 IBM 3760/3790 Terminal 130 Burroughs Self-Scan Panel Display 131 Owens -Illinois DigivuePlasma Panel 131 Color CRT Di s pIa ys 132 Tradeoffs of CRT/Alternate Display Techniques 133 Future of Alternate Display Technologies 134 CRT TERMINAL MARKETS 136 Market Factors 136 Computer Shipments 138 Minicomputer Shipments 138 Data Communications Line Volume 138 Time-Sharing Volume 139 CRT Terminal Price Trends 140 AT&T Data Communication Plicies 145 Future IBM Terminal Lines 146 CRT Terminal Shipments 147 Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Shipments 151 IBM 2260 and Compatibles 156 IBM 3270 and Compatibles 156 Other Mainframe Manufacturers 157 Independen t Sys terns 158 Teletype Model 40 158 Teleprinter Replacements 158 World Markets for Alphanumeric CRT Terminals 161 Japan Europe 161 Graphic CRT Terminal Shipments 163 Low Priced Segment 166 Medium Priced Segment 170 High Priced Segment 171 Wor'ld Markets for Graphic CRT Terminals 174 VENTUIH:. DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Page TERMINAL APPLICATIONS AND USAGE 177 Applications by Industry Segment 178 High Growth Industry Segments 178 Stable Industry Segments 180 Declining Industry Segments 180 Terminal Usage Classifications 181 Microprocessor Based Terminals 181 Local/Remote Terminals 183 Stand Alone/Clustered Terminals 183 Future Trends In Terminal Usage 186 USER DECISION CRITERIA 187 Cost/Performance Evaluation of Hardware 187 Analysis of the Terminal Manufacturer 189 COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES 192 IBM Competitive Strategy 192 AT&T Competitive Strategies 196 Other Mainframe Manufacturers 197 Replacements for IBM/AT&T Terminals 198 Independent Systems 199 BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES 200 IBM 3270 Replacement Market 201 Teletype Model 40 Replacement Market 202 VENTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIST OF EXHIBITS Figure Numbers TIT. L E 1 Installed Base of Interactive Terminals (% of Units) 21 2 Installed Base of Interactive Terminals (% of Dollars) 22 3 Installed Base of Graphic/Alphanumeric CRT Terminals (% of Units) 25 4 Installed Base of Graphic/Alphanumeric CRT Terminals (% of Dollars) 26 5 Installed Base of Alphanumeric CRT Terminals (% of Units) 28 6 Installed Base of Alphanumeric CRT Terminals (% of Dollars) 29 7 Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Sales (% of Units) 35 8 Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Sales (% of Dollars) 36 9 M"arket Share Distribution of IBM 2260 and Compatibles 40 10 Market Share Distribution of IBM 3270 a nd Com pa tible s 41 11 Market Share Distribution of Other Mainframe Manufacturers 42 12 Market Share Distribution of Teleprinter Replacements 44 13 Market Share Distribution of Independent Systems 45 14 Installed Base of Stand Alone/Clustered Terminals (% of Units) 48 15 Installed Base of Stand Alone/Clustered Terminals Without Teleprinter Replacements (% of Units) 49 16 Clustered Terminal Sizes (% of Units) 50 17 Local/Remote Terminal Installations (% of Units) 52 18 Local/Remote Terminal Shipments (% of Units) 53 VENTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Figure Numbers TITLE Page 19 Minicomputer/Microprocessor Based CRT Terminal Installations (% of Units) 56 20 Mincomputer/Microprocessor Based CRT Terminal Shipments (% of Units) 57 21 Installed Base of Graphic Display Terminals (% of Units) 59 22 Installed Base of Graphic Display Terminals (% of Dollars) 60 23 Graphic CRT Sales (% of Units) 62 24 Graphic CRT Sales (% of Dollars) 63 25 Graphic CRT Terminal Market Share Distrib\ltions - Low Priced Segments 65 26 Graphic CRT Terminal Market Share Distributions - Medium Priced Segments 66 27 Graphic CRT Terminal Market Share Distributions - High Priced Segments 68 28 CRT Terminal User Distribution (% of Units) 72 29 Number of CRT Terminal Installations Per User 74 30 Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Block Diagram 78 31 Typical Dimensions for a 12" CRT Display 84 32 Share of Installed Base by CRT Display Screen Size (% of Units) 86 33 Share of Installed Base by Character Dot Ma trix (% of Uni ts) 89 34 Share of Installed Base by Size of Character Set (% of Units) 92 35 Share of Installed Base by Number of Characters Per Display (% of Units) 94 36 Share of Installed Base by Number of Characters Per Row (% of Units) 95 37 Share of Installed Base by Number of Rows Per Display (% of Units) 96 38 Indexed Factors Mfecting CRT Terminal Sales 137 39 CRT Terminal Price Index 142 40 Average Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Prices 143 41 Average Graphic CRT Terminal Prices 144 42 Total CRT Terminal Shipments (Millions of Dollars) 148 VENTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Figure Numbers TITLE Page 43 Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Shipments (Millions of Dollars) 149 44 Graphic CRT Terminal Shipments (M illions of Dollars) 150 45 Total Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Shipments (Thousands of Units) 152 46 Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Shipments (Thousands of Units) 153 47 Alphanumeric CRT Terminal Shipments (% of Units) 154
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Telecommunication Technologies for Smart Grid Projects with Focus on Smart Metering Applications
    energies Review Telecommunication Technologies for Smart Grid Projects with Focus on Smart Metering Applications Nikoleta Andreadou *, Miguel Olariaga Guardiola and Gianluca Fulli Energy Security, Systems and Markets Unit, Institute of Energy and Transport, Joint Research Centre, Ispra 21027, Italy; [email protected] (M.O.G.); [email protected] (G.F.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-033-278-3866 Academic Editor: Neville Watson Received: 10 February 2016; Accepted: 29 April 2016; Published: 17 May 2016 Abstract: This paper provides a study of the smart grid projects realised in Europe and presents their technological solutions with a focus on smart metering Low Voltage (LV) applications. Special attention is given to the telecommunications technologies used. For this purpose, we present the telecommunication technologies chosen by several European utilities for the accomplishment of their smart meter national roll-outs. Further on, a study is performed based on the European Smart Grid Projects, highlighting their technological options. The range of the projects analysed covers the ones including smart metering implementation as well as those in which smart metering applications play a significant role in the overall project success. The survey reveals that various topics are directly or indirectly linked to smart metering applications, like smart home/building, energy management, grid monitoring and integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Therefore, the technological options that lie behind such projects are pointed out. For reasons of completeness, we also present the main characteristics of the telecommunication technologies that are found to be used in practice for the LV grid. Keywords: smart grid; smart grid projects; telecommunication technologies; smart metering solutions 1.
    [Show full text]
  • A Field Study to Determine the Feasibility of Establishing Remote Data Transmission of Advertising for a Local Newspaper
    Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Theses 11-1-1995 A Field study to determine the feasibility of establishing remote data transmission of advertising for a local newspaper John McKeever Jr Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses Recommended Citation McKeever, John Jr, "A Field study to determine the feasibility of establishing remote data transmission of advertising for a local newspaper" (1995). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by RIT Scholar Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of RIT Scholar Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Field Study to Determine the Feasibility of Establishing Remote Data Transmission of Advertising for a Local Newspaper By John J. McKeever, Jr. A thesis project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the School of Printing Management and Sciences of the Rochester Institute of Technology November, 1995 Thesis Advisors: Professors A. Ajayi and R. Hacker School ofPrinting Management and Sciences Rochester Institute ofTechnology Rochester, New York Certificate of Approval Master's Thesis lhis is to certify that the Master's Thesis of JohnJ. McKeever, Jr. With a major in Graphic Arts Publishing - Electronic Publishing has been approved by the Thesis Committee as satisfactory for the thesis requirement for the Master ofScience degree at the convocation of November 20, 1995 Thesis Committee: Robert G. Hacker Thesis Advisor Aisha Ajayi Thesis Advisor Marie Freckleton Graduate Program Coordinat()r C. Harold Goffin Director or Designate Copyright 1995 by John J.
    [Show full text]
  • Telecontrol with GPRS Via IP-VPN
    Telecontrol with GPRS via IP-VPN The mobile data service GPRS allows you to transmit data wirelessly and inexpensively between remote technical systems. GPRS stands for General Packet Radio Service, and is a fast and efficient data service within the GSM mobile phone network. Operating costs for data transmission result from the amount of data actually transmitted and are hence predictable. GPRS technology is best suited for distributed applications that collect wide-ranging data (fill levels, flow rates, messages, alarms), and transmit it to a PC or supervisory control system. The process also works the other way around, i.e. commands and target values can be sent to the remote stations. IP-VPN stands for secure data transmission in the Internet. A closed user group within the mobile network and data transmission to the customer network secured by IP-VPN ensure that only eligible users have ac- cess and that data is secure over the entire transmission route. IP-VPN uses the Internet as the medium to transmit data to the customer network. The only requirement for the customer is Internet access with a static, public IP address and a VPN router. Common application areas include: water/waste water management, energy management, traffic control, mobile data communication, building automation, etc. Technical information No. D-038, Rev. 2.1, Stand 12/2016, Page 1 of 4 Panasonic Electric Works Europe AG, Automation products Tel.: 089 45354-2748, Fax: 089/45354-2222, e-mail: [email protected], Internet: www.panasonic-electric-works.com Fields of use: As a rule, the IP-VPN solution is used for large, peripheral facilities for secure operation that is readily avail- able.
    [Show full text]
  • Telecommunications Teacher's Guide
    Telecommunications Teacher's Guide Telecommunications CONTENTS Introductory notes 3 Course goals 3 Dealing with receptive skills 3 Pre-text work: activating schemata 3 The role of lexis . 3 Teaching functional language 4 Dealing with pronunciation 5 The role of grammar 6 Recycling and revision 6 Lesson notes 7 Module EE.01.1. Installation and maintenance of telecommunication lines 7 Module EE.01.2. Measurements of transmission parameters in telecommunication lines 22 Module EE.01.3. Installation and maintenance of telecommunications equipment 35 Module EE.06.1 Starting and maintenance of access networks 46 Module EE.06.2. Starting and maintenance of WANs 61 End of course test ​ 85 Key for end of course test 94 Strona 2 z 94 Introductory notes Course goals The material provided has specific and limited goals. The main focus is lexis related to specific technical areas and fields of professional competence. The lexis is presented in a range of communicative contexts. These are mainly transactional dialogues to provide listening practice of real-world language use, but also include reading texts from technical manuals and the like. These texts - both aural and written - contain many highly valuable examples of functional language. For anyone undertaking a career in these fields familiarity with a range of technical lexis is necessary but not by itself sufficient: as well as understanding the technical terms a worker must interact and cooperate with other workers, managers and clients. Therefore the notes provided for each lesson will include ideas on how to exploit the texts and examples for communicative as well as linguistic purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • 5G Module 5G Live Broadcasting Box Live Broadcasting Allows Users to Get Closer to Reality and the Scene
    5G 5G 5G Module 5G live broadcasting box Live broadcasting allows users to get closer to reality and the scene. However, in the 4G era, the signal available SIM8202G-M2 is a small-size multi-band 5G module with a new four-antenna design. Its package dimensions are is limited in live broadcasts, especially live broadcasts of large galas or sports events. The content needs to be 30*42mm, which can better meet the needs of terminal products with higher requirements on size. So far, sent to the broadcasting van from the camera, and then sent to the studio control room through the signal SIMCom has launched SIM8200EA-M2, SIM8200CE-M2, SIM8200G, SIM8300G-M2 and SIM8202G-M2, forming a transmission system after technical processing. When the signal is interrupted, the picture is jammed. Satellite quite comprehensive product line. All 5G modules support NSA/SA networking, cover all frequency bands of broadcasting vans require lying fiber-optic cables on site, which is very costly and manpower consuming. major network carriers worldwide, and are compatible with a variety of communication protocols, which are quite suitable for high-rate scenarios such as telemedicine and distance education, etc. SIMCom and its partner have launched a 5G live broadcasting box based on SIMCom 5G module SIM8200EA-M2. Thanks to the high bandwidth and low latency of 5G, live broadcast images can be quickly transmitted through the 5G module, reducing the latency time to the level of milliseconds. No need to lay fiber-optic cables on site. The live broadcasting box can easily upload data through the module and broadcast 4K or even 8K HD videos.
    [Show full text]
  • Ham Radio If You Live in a Motel Or Condominium
    - I one dollar 1 radio . 8 FEBRUARY 1976 [ *' ' I I 1 solid-state power amplifiers 16 Z amateur television 20 I vhf prescaler ' r .: ,,-. : , ,' - z microproce~~ors 50 .; .. .-. - . .F. " 7 P.,< ,, . , .,, v .A ,,jr;Tif , .3 ' (LIBr antenna gain 54 ,- ..TTP- ' ' * _. I Jw GvG. - I s- 1 G &7 .. ... I I Tempo VHFIONE t//(,"0,; l )OO//'LY~ i~('(ptl \r ~/I/IIIL//or No need to wait any longer - this is it! Whether you are already on 2-meter and want someting better or you're just thinking of getting into it, the VHFIONE is the way to go. Full 2-meter band coverage (144 to 148 MHz for transmlt and receive. Full phase lock syntheslred (PLL) so no channel crystals are required. Compact and l~ghtwe~ght- 9.5" long x 7" w~dex 2.25" h~gh.We~ght - About 4.5 Ibs. Prov~s~onsfor an accessory SSB adaptor. 5d1g1tLED recelve frequency d~splay. 5 KHz frequency select~onfor FM operation. -1 Automatic repeater split - selectable up or down for normal or reverse operation. Microphone, power cord and mounting bracket included. Two built-in programmable channels. All solid state. 10 watts output. TEMPO fmh Super selectivity with a crystal filter at the first IFand E type ceramic filter at the second IF. 800 Selectable receive frequencies. Accessory 9-pin So much for so little! 2 watt VHFlFM hand held socket. $495.00 6 Channel capability, solid TEMPO SSBIONE state. 12 VDC. 144-148 MHz SSB adapter for the Tempo VHFIOne (any two MHz), includes Selectable upper or lower sideband.
    [Show full text]
  • The Significance of Wireless Communication for the Metering Data Transmission Via Smart Grids
    Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering The significance of wireless communication for the metering data transmission via Smart Grids Robert Jędrychowski Lublin University of Technology 20-618 Lublin, ul. Nadbystrzycka 38A, e-mail: [email protected] The article presents technological solutions of the communication and data transmission area that are indispensable for the organization of smart metering. As the term “smart metering” is very broad, particular attention has been focused on solutions based on the GSM-based wireless transmission that makes possible to flexibly model the process of remote meter reading with the use of the existing technological infrastructure. The article determines factors that can decide over the application of a such communication type as well as technical specifications to be met in order to develop a system that could successfully operate over an extensive network. Characteristics of the communication equipment used in real-time metering and billing systems have also been presented. 1. Introduction Among the most important smart grid components there is a technologically advanced (smart) metering system that provides information about energy consumption and consumer profiles. The realization of such a system requires many technical and organizational actions to be performed in order to ensure correct operation of the system and to secure the expected profits. The term smart metering contains many issues [1] and among them the most important is an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and its integral components such as automated meter reading (AMR) and advanced meter management (AMM). Smart metering makes possible to supplement the basic metering function by such ones as the configuration of metering and communication circuits, energy supply management and a real-time data analysis at the levels of a consumer or the distribution system operator (OSD).
    [Show full text]
  • Telecontrol with GPRS and HSPA Via VPN
    Telecontrol with GPRS and HSPA via VPN The mobile data services allow you to transmit data wirelessly and inexpensively between widely distributed infrastructure systems. GPRS stands for General Packet Radio Service, and is an efficient, full-coverage Internet-based data service within the GSM mobile phone network. Operating costs for data transmission result from the amount of data actually transmitted and are hence predictable. GPRS, UMTS and HSPA are best suited for distributed applications that collect wide-ranging data (fill levels, flow rates, messages, alarms), and transmit it to a PC or supervisory control system. The process also works the other way around, i.e. commands and target values can be sent to the remote stations. VPN (Virtual Private Network) ensures that data will be transmitted securely from the main station to the substation. VPN tunnels are used to enable remote stations located outside the control system's network to access the internal network. The substation (client) thereby establishes a VPN connection to the accustomed VPN gateway of the control system or main station. Using this connection, data can be exchanged as if the device were part of the main station's local network. Technical information No. , Rev. 3.2, Stand 11/2016, Page 1 of 4 Panasonic Electric Works Europe AG, Tel.: 089 45354-2748, Fax: 089/45354-2222, e-mail: [email protected], Internet: www.panasonic-electric-works.com Fields of use: As a rule, the VPN solution is used for large, peripheral facilities for secure operation that is readily available. It is particularly well suited for automating facilities that are spread out geographically yet can be viewed as one local network.
    [Show full text]
  • Transmitting Data Over the Network Using an OPC Server
    MATEC Web of Conferences 210, 03002 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821003002 CSCC 2018 Transmitting data over the network using an OPC server Filip Niculescu1,*, Adrian Savescu1, Andrei Mitru1 1National Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI, Automation Department, 220 D Iuliu Maniu Bd., Romania Abstract. The paper presents the way of transmitting the parameters of operation of a remote installation in a centralized control center of a company. The distance between the computers that collect the data and the data monitoring center is hundreds of kilometers. Data has to be transmitted through multiple physical environments and through multiple networks. This transmission channel must be very stable and secure against external threats to the company network. The monitored installation is comprised of 10 compressors each having a local control cabinet and transmitting data to monitoring computers in the control room. Centralized data in these computers are sent to the beneficiary. This transmission uses a tunneling solution provided by a company together with an OPC Server realized by using that function of the software in which the monitoring application is developed on the industrial computers in the control room of the respective installation. The results obtained in remote data transmission were very good. In conclusion, the configuration and software solutions adopted proved reliability and stability in operation. Introduction Industrial Internet and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications [10]. There is a worldwide interest to use the solution to The paper presents the practical realization of the transmit the data provided by an OPC server through a remote transmission of data from a remote compressor tunneling application between different computers that installation, hundreds of kilometers in the data center of can be in the same room or at a great distance from each the company that own the installation.
    [Show full text]
  • A Low Cost Wireless Data Acquisition System for a Remote Photovoltaic (PV) Water Pumping System
    Energies 2011, 4, 68-89; doi:10.3390/en4010068 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies Article A Low Cost Wireless Data Acquisition System for a Remote Photovoltaic (PV) Water Pumping System Ammar Mahjoubi *, Ridha Fethi Mechlouch and Ammar Ben Brahim Chemical and Processes Engineering Department, National School of Engineering of Gabes, Gabes University, Omar Ibn El Khattab Street, 6029 Gabes, Tunisia; E-Mails: [email protected] (R.F.M.); [email protected] (A.B.B.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +216-97-862-751; Fax: +216-75-600-632. Received: 13 October 2010; in revised form: 14 December 2010 / Accepted: 23 December 2010 / Published: 4 January 2011 Abstract: This paper presents the design and development of a 16F877 microcontroller-based wireless data acquisition system and a study of the feasibility of different existing methodologies linked to field data acquisition from remote photovoltaic (PV) water pumping systems. Various existing data transmission techniques were studied, especially satellite, radio, Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). The system’s hardware and software and an application to test its performance are described. The system will be used for reading, storing and analyzing information from several PV water pumping stations situated in remote areas in the arid region of the south of Tunisia. The remote communications are based on the GSM network and, in particular, on the Short text Message Service (SMS). With this integrated system, we can compile a complete database of the different parameters related to the PV water pumping systems of Tunisia.
    [Show full text]
  • CSM Unican 3 Data Logger Reliable Measurement Data Acquisition
    CSM UniCAN 3 Data Logger Reliable Measurement Data Acquisition Innovative Measurement and Data Technology CSM UniCAN Data Logger // UniCAN 3 UniCAN 3 Data Logger Reliable Measurement Data Acquisition The UniCAN 3 is a stand-alone data logger. Microcontroller-based CAN bus data loggers of the UniCAN line are very powerful and feature unique properties that are normally found only in larger devices. This is because key functions are implemented directly in the hardware (FPGA). In addition, the CSM file system supports the specific features of cutting-edge ATA flash-memory cards in terms of fast data storage rates and maximum data security. System Features f Fail-safe data acquisition f Start delay The firmware detects interruptions to the power A delay between ignition and the start of data supply and the removal of the CF card during recording can be defined. data recording. No data recorded up to this time f Remote data transmission is lost. Data recording restarts automatically Data can be transmitted via UMTS/GPRS/ as soon as the card is inserted again and the CDMA modem while data recording continues supply voltage restored. without interruption. Measurement data can be f Simultaneous acquisition read directly from the CF card or remotely via CAN messages and signals, each up to a maxi- modem/FTP server (data formats are, for exam- mum of eight separate groups, can be recorded ple: MDF, ASCII). For maximum data security, the in parallel. Each group has individual trigger- data transmission is binary. and filter criteria and can be used as linear- or f Data transmission modes ring buffers.
    [Show full text]
  • Technical and Economical Aspects of Remote Data Transmission Ways for Smart Metering
    Technical and economical aspects of remote data transmission ways for smart metering Master of Science Thesis THERESE ANDRÉSEN Department of Energy and Environment Division of Electric Power Engineering CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Performed at Stadtwerke Ratingen GmbH Ratingen, Germany, 2009 2 Technical and economical aspects of remote data transmission ways for smart metering THERESE ANDRÉSEN Project supervisors: Peter Wilhelm Steinacker & Carsten Witte, Stadtwerke Ratingen GmbH Project examiner: Dr. Tuan A. Le, Electric Power Engineering Department of Energy and Environment CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Ratingen, Germany, 2009 3 Technical and economical aspects of remote data transmission ways for Smart Meters THERESE ANDRÉSEN © THERESE ANDRESEN, 2009. Department of Energy and Environment Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden Telephone + 46 (0)31-772 1000 Cover: [Electronic Smart Meter; www.greenwisebusiness.co.uk/news/electricity ] Ratingen, Germany 2009 4 Abstract Smart meters are the next generation of electricity meters and the difference compared to the old meters is that they are able to transmit and receive data. Smart metering is one way to better help customers understand their electricity consumption and thereby help them to save energy. Smart meters are essential for the European Union to reach its targets; to reduce the output of greenhouse emissions by 20%, to improve energy efficiency by 20% and to increase the percentage of renewable energy sources by 20% by the year of 2020. Sweden is the first country with a 100 % roll out of smart meters, monthly readings are mandatory from 1 st July 2009 and therefore all utilities have installed smart meters. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate different kinds of remote transmission ways for the consumption data, from the customer to the utility.
    [Show full text]