DOCSLIB.ORG

Rome Tales 1St Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rome Tales 1St Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook ROME TALES 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Helen Constantine | 9780199572465 | | | | | Rome Tales 1st edition PDF Book When Horatius returned home in triumph, his sister saw her brother holding the clothes of her Alban betrothed. Acquire, enjoy, and share what the self-actualized author has discovered in his extensive intellectual travels to prepare this very informative writing for public edification. Tarquinius Priscus was succeeded by Servius Tullius. There are no discussion topics on this book yet. Collectible Manga in English. More Details Most of them were runaway slaves and outlaws seeking refuge. History of Rome was written by Livy. This Latinus was the founder of Latium, the region where Rome was located. The twins killed Amulius and his adviser, Camers. Oct 08, Trina rated it really liked it. Light edgewear, small loss to spine top. Read more Romulus , Mars , Vesta , Providentia. Trackside is about a chariot race and I've always loved that kind of a scene since I watched the movie Ben Hur as kid. Seller Rating:. Great writing and great stories by an author who knows that stories about ancient Rome don't necessarily have to take place in the city of Rome during the reign of Nero. Red boards with bumps on spine. Notes by Henry Ketcham. I could barely go through the stories Creamy dust jacket preserved in mylar and is not price clipped. Good dust jacket. Got one to sell? View basket. You should note that the early history of Rome was shrouded in legend. Lucius Tarquinius Priscus. A nice collection of short stories, mostly about small aspects of famous people in Roman history. Show only see all. Published by Victrix Books first published November 2nd The ex-consuls were ennobled for life, and received seats in the Senate after their term of office ended. Add to Basket Used Hardcover. Looking for someone or something in particular? Tullus had captured Mettius Fufetius, the Alban leader. Numa ruled Rome for about 43 years c. To ensure that he had no rival to the crown, Amulius had Ilia sent to the temple of Vesta , to become a Vesta Virgin. It's also true that 'first edition' doesn't always correlate with value or collectibility. The text block is clean and clear, and free from inscription. Each twist lost most of its effect because I knew something was coming. Wayside Inn entry unpriced on page 11 of advertisements. The second article, titled New Constitution, briefly go over the form of government that was established after the overthrow of the monarchy. Other editions. Rome Tales 1st edition Writer The main characters are all very different and their situations run the gamut of the uniquely Roman human experience. Condition: Near Fine. It's also true that 'first edition' doesn't always correlate with value or collectibility. Topic see all. Beginning from the far reaches of wars and forts in Britannia to the Persian empire and deserts where politics involve the Palmyrene Empire from ancient Syria. Imperial Rome had lasted for over years after Augustus, before it fell to the Ostrogoths, in AD , but the Eastern Roman Empire Byzantine Empire had lasted a years more, before its capital Constantinople Byzantium fell to the Ottoman Turks in There are also a variety of interesting characters throughout the anthology. Tullia had encouraged her husband to murder her father, so that Tarquin ascended to the throne. They also formed alliance with Aristodemus of Cumae, in Campania a region south of Latium. Sold Items. The text block is clean and clear, and free from inscription. Publication Year see all. Tarquinius Priscus was succeeded by Servius Tullius. No Preference. Some are laugh-out-loud hilarious, while others are hauntingly tragic. Published Date: min to max. The Origines was written by Cato the Censor. Benefits charity. Oct 08, anon rated it it was ok. Once, Cloelia was near the river, she leaped into the water and began to swim back to Rome. Turney has a new loyal reader. Very Good to Near Fine book with very rare jacket jacket in rough condition but most of it is present. Sold Items. Kingship in Rome was never a hereditary privilege and office, nor was it necessary to be true-blood Roman. Rome Italy. That was the legends as it was written by the poet Vergil and the historian Livy, both from the 1st century BC. Thomas Boom rated it really liked it Apr 03, Very entertaining read. Authenticity Guarantee. Travelling all the way into an entirely different era with all of its unique customs, lifestyle and norms. It was said that Romulus was deified as Quirinus , a god of obscure function. Rome would remain a republic and regain the Janiculan hill on the other side of the Tiber. De Beer , Illustrated, Hardcover. There seems to be a problem serving the request at this time. Spanning seven hundred years, this marvelous collection includes works by Italian authors ranging from Boccaccio and Casanova to Pier Paolo Pasolini and Alberto M Presenting a vivid mosaic of dramatic, comic, and tragic stories, all set in the Eternal City, these twenty absorbing tales capture the delight of discovering and exploring one of the world's most beloved cities. Mar 30, Brian rated it liked it. Proceed to Basket. Dec 16, Leonard Tillerman rated it liked it Shelves: 3-star-reviews. Good collection of short stories. The following articles contained information of the seven kings who ruled Rome. Rome Tales 1st edition Reviews Seller Inventory Q12E Yet the historical status about monarchy of Rome and the early Republic, remained questionable. Want to Read Currently Reading Read. It is common belief among scholars that Numa come from Sabine stock, since he came from the same Sabine town as Titus Tatius, in Cures. Paper crease bottom of p. Mauleverer Murders by A. Vivid red boards are solid and in good shape with light wear at corners and bottom of spine. Though, Ascanius Iulus succeeded his father, Lavinium became overcrowded after thirty years since it was founded. A born and bred Yorkshireman with a love of country, history and architect Simon lives with his wife and children and a menagerie of animals in rural North Yorkshire, where he sits in an office, wired on coffee and digestive biscuits, and attempts to spin engrossing tales out of strands of imagination while his children drive toys across his desk and two dogs howl as they try to share a brain cell. Mystery Pier Books, Inc. Jan 09, Koit rated it did not like it. Edwards rated it liked it May 19, Tales of Rome Roman Monarchy Stories. Jennifer rated it really liked it Nov 12, Each tribune was given the right to veto a bill put forward by a magistrate. Notes by Henry Ketcham. Published by Houghton Mifflin, Boston They restored their grandfather to the throne, in Alba Longa. Authorized Seller. Genealogy: House of Rome. Readers also enjoyed. Slight spine roll to book; front hinge has split in endpaper, but still tight. They all assume that they had to kiss their mother. The consuls were elected annually, and shared equal power imperium. Pilgrim's Progress - Leather. Seller Inventory COT They ranked below the consuls in power. Please provide a valid price range. Historical fiction such as this is a good example of this genre. The three Albans were wounded, but Horatius was outnumbered three to one. Each time, Horatius would stop and face, then kill an Alban before running again. Tullus may have built the Curia Hostilia, the building for the Senate. Rome Tales 1st edition Read Online Language see all. This was definitely fictional. Rome Tales are just that - meant to stay on a book shelf and plucked off for the occasional story chosen by random. The binding is tight and true. Sports Collectible Real Photo Postcards. Aeneas was a very popular figure in Italy. HUGH B. Sponsored Listings. Spine sunned to tan. Temple Trouble was laugh out loud hilarious and it actually makes me want to read the full length series in which that character features. Open Preview See a Problem? Two blank page near rear endpaper show a light dampstain. Published by The Universalist publishing house. Ilia suffered from this fate, after her sons were born. Some days, this was perfect, and other days distracting. Numa had also appointed priestesses for the temple of the Vesta Virgin. My personal favorites were "Trackside Seats" and "Hold the Wall. Romulus was the brother of Remus. Dust Jacket Included. Rome Before Avignon by R. Thirteen kings ruled after Ascanius before Romulus and Remus were born. Wayside Inn Edition. Each time a publisher releases a new instance of the same title, or when a book is released in a new format, these may also be considered first edition books. Nice collection of short stories by Simon Turney about the 'supporting' characters in key historical events in Roman times - each of them including a twist in the story. Region see all. Junius Brutus convinced his friend to step down from office. Covers edgeworn. BAL Numa Pompilius , Ancus Marcius. The praetor acted as the chief judge. Turney knows his stuff and all of the little details he puts into his writing makes it better. Beside that Livy is not known for his neutral position of a historian. https://files8.webydo.com/9582710/UploadedFiles/43EC002A-2F58-0D11-387E-046C6EF3672A.pdf https://files8.webydo.com/9583752/UploadedFiles/4AE4ADA7-0A1E-06C7-E6AD-55197C5D1C8A.pdf https://files8.webydo.com/9583503/UploadedFiles/01B1B890-DAC1-8168-A296-594BECF65A08.pdf https://cdn.starwebserver.se/shops/oliwerhenrikssonny/files/the-blood-never-dried-a-peoples-history-of-the-british-empire-890.pdf https://cdn.starwebserver.se/shops/nourmattssonuu/files/new-cutting-edge-pre-intermediate-class-cd-1-3-434.pdf https://cdn.starwebserver.se/shops/aaronhermanssoniv/files/college-algebra-2nd-edition-126.pdf.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Long Time Ago, There Was a King Named Numitor Who Ruled an Ancient City in Italy Called Alba Longa
    A long time ago, there was a king named Numitor who ruled an ancient city in Italy called Alba Longa. Numitor had a younger brother named Amulius who one day overthrew Numitor and took over Alba Longa. However, Amulius did not want to cause any conflict, so he killed Numitor’s male heirs and forced Numitor’s only daughter, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin, so she could not marry or have children. Amulius was worried that Rhea would have a son who would eventually overthrow him. However, Rhea Silvia fell in love with Mars, the Roman God of War and they had twin sons. Rhea Silvia had betrayed her vows of being a Vestal Virgin, and the penalty was usually death. However, Amulius feared the wrath of Mars and did not want to kill Rhea Silvia. Instead, King Amulius imprisoned Rhea Silvia and ordered a servant to put the twins in the River Tiber. Amulius reasoned that if the twins were to die from the elements, the city would be saved from the angry god. When the servant reached the river bank with the twins, he could not throw them in. He looked down at the babies sitting together in the basket, their tiny arms wrapped around one another and he thought about his own young sons. Instead, he placed their basket into the river and let the current carry the basket, in hope that someone would see the twins and rescue them. Eventually, a compassionate she-wolf came across the basket in the river and pulled the babies out to safety.
    [Show full text]
  • A BRIEF HISTORY of ANCIENT ROME a Timeline from 753 BC to 337 AD, Looking at the Successive Kings, Politicians, and Emperors Who Ruled Rome’S Expanding Empire
    Rome: A Virtual Tour of the Ancient City A BRIEF HISTORY OF ANCIENT ROME A timeline from 753 BC to 337 AD, looking at the successive kings, politicians, and emperors who ruled Rome’s expanding empire. 21st April, Rome's Romulus and Remus featured in legends of Rome's foundation; 753 BC mythological surviving accounts, differing in details, were left by Dionysius of foundation Halicarnassus, Livy, and Plutarch. Romulus and Remus were twin sons of the war god Mars, suckled and looked-after by a she-wolf after being thrown in the river Tiber by their great-uncle Amulius, the usurping king of Alba Longa, and drifting ashore. Raised after that by the shepherd Faustulus and his wife, the boys grew strong and were leaders of many daring adventures. Together they rose against Amulius, killed him, and founded their own city. They quarrelled over its site: Romulus killed Remus (who had preferred the Aventine) and founded his city, Rome, on the Palatine Hill. 753 – Reign of Kings From the reign of Romulus there were six subsequent kings from the 509 BC 8th until the mid-6th century BC. These kings are almost certainly legendary, but accounts of their reigns might contain broad historical truths. Roman monarchs were served by an advisory senate, but held supreme judicial, military, executive, and priestly power. The last king, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, was overthrown and a republican constitution installed in his place. Ever afterwards Romans were suspicious of kingly authority - a fact that the later emperors had to bear in mind. 509 BC Formation of Tarquinius Superbus, the last king was expelled in 509 BC.
    [Show full text]
  • 3274 Myths and Legends of Ancient Rome
    MYTHS AND LEGENDS OF ANCIENT ROME CFE 3274V OPEN CAPTIONED UNITED LEARNING INC. 1996 Grade Levels: 6-10 20 minutes 1 Instructional Graphic Enclosed DESCRIPTION Explores the legend of Romulus and Remus, twin boys who founded Rome on seven hills. Briefly relates how Perseus, son of Jupiter, used his shield as a mirror to safely slay Medusa, a monster who turned anyone who looked on her to stone. Recounts the story of Psyche and Cupid, a story of broken promises and forgiveness. Each legend ends with discussion questions. Animated. INSTRUCTIONAL GOALS · To depict three Roman myths. · To enhance a unit on Roman mythology. · To show how the Romans explained natural phenomena and human behavior. · To show that human nature remains the same throughout the ages. BEFORE SHOWING 1. Read the CAPTION SCRIPT to determine unfamiliar vocabulary and language concepts. 2. Discuss the concept of myths: a. As a way of explaining and rationalizing natural phenomena. b. As stories of the heroic deeds and adventures of mortals with semidivine parentage. c. As stories of a large family of quarrelsome gods and goddesses. 3. Explain that the video shows three different Roman myths. a. Using a time line, explain that Roman mythology appeared after Greek mythology. b. Display a list of gods and goddesses and their Roman and Greek names. c. Explain there are many variations of the same myths. 4. Display a family tree of the Roman gods and goddesses. 1 a. Include pictures of monsters such as Medusa and Cerberus. b. Refer to the tree as characters appear in the video.
    [Show full text]
  • THE AENEID AS FOUNDATION STORY Gary B. Miles DEFINITIONS
    Aeneid as Foundation Page 1 of 15 THE AENEID AS FOUNDATION STORY Gary B. Miles DEFINITIONS AND REFLECTIONS Foundation stories constitute a subclass of stories about beginnings.' I define a foundation story as a narrative about the origins of a particular human community that is perceived from the outset as one among several communities. In this sense a foundation story is different from a creation story, which I define as concerning the origins of the entire human race. The story of Adam and Eve, for example, is a creation story; it is set within the context of the divine creation of the cosmos; Adam and Eve are characterized by attributes that apply to all peoples: they are masters of all the animal kingdom; they are beholden to God, their creator; their loss of innocence compromises the relation of all humankind to God, and his punitive reaction to their initial sin determines the conditions of necessity under which all subsequent humans must toil. Foundation stories, by contrast, typically focus on the primacy of human initiative and agency. Even when natural or divine powers play a central role in foundations, these narratives are nonetheless concerned with the creation of a particular community and call attention to some aspect of that community's distinctiveness. Several ancient communities, for example, attributed their origins to Hercules. For each of them the identification, generally, with the more culturally "advanced" Hellenism that Hercules represented and, more specifically, with a "hero" constituted the basis for a certain superiority to surrounding communities. 2 More exclusive is the identity perpetuated by the Athenians' idea of autochthony.
    [Show full text]
  • Romulus and Remus
    Romulus and Remus Long ago, before Christianity, in the fine city of Alba Longa, Italy, lived King Numitor. All was not well in Alba Longa because the younger brother of King Numitor, Amulius, wanted the throne for himself and he eventually took it. I am King AmuliusNumitor andand I tookknow the that throne my brotherfrom my is brother. going to N takeo one my will throne take myfrom me becausethrone from he wants me! to rule my kingdom. Romulus and Remus Amulius was adamant that no one should threaten his new position so, just to make sure, he had Numitor’s sons killed. He made Numitor’s only daughter, Rhea Silvia, become a Priestess of Vesta which meant she was not allowed to marry or have children. Now, Amulius would no longer have to worry that she might have a son who would one day threaten his throne. I am Numitor’s only daughter and Amulius is worried that if I have children, they would take the throne from him, so he does not want me to have children. Romulus and Remus However, the plan backfired, as Rhea Silvia fell in love with Mars, the Roman God of War, and they had twin sons. Usually, the punishment for going against the rules of the Priestesses of Vesta was death but Mars was a hugely powerful man and Amulius feared him. So instead, he imprisoned Rhea Silvia and ordered a servant to take the twins and put them in the River Tiber. These are our sons but Amulius does not want them around as he is threatened by them.
    [Show full text]
  • Reading Comprehension-Founding of Rome-Legend of Romulus and Remus Instructions- Read the Passage and Complete the Activities
    Name______________________________________________Date__________________________Period___ Reading Comprehension-Founding of Rome-Legend of Romulus and Remus Instructions- Read the passage and complete the activities. Highlight/underline where you find each answer 1 Every ancient culture had a story about its origin. Rome was no exception. The thing about those stories is that most of them, if not all, were just legends. As legends, their reality is in question. The lack of supporting evidence makes us unsure if the events actually took place or not. Though the truth may be lost forever, we should not discount those stories. They give us a theory of how everything began. 2 Here is the legend about Rome. 3 A long time ago, there was a small country called Alba Longa. Numitor was the king of this small country. One day, Amulius, Numitor's evil brother, decided to become king himself. He staged a coup and sent Numitor to exile. After claiming the throne successfully, Amulius turned his focus on Rhea Silvia, Numitor's daughter. 4 Amulius was not afraid of Rhea Silvia. But he was afraid of the children she could have when she married. He thought the children would be a big threat. They could seek revenge and overthrow him. How horrible that would be! 5 As Amulius pondered a solution, a great idea came to mind. He could make his niece a priestess to the goddess of Vestal. As a priestess, she could never get married and have children. Without the children, he would have nothing to worry about. Pleased with the idea, he saw to it right away.
    [Show full text]
  • Roman Myth As History -‐ Monarchy to Republic
    The Roman World Roman Myth as History - Monarchy to Republic Terminology • BCE - Before the Common Era • CE - Common Era Now: 30th July, 2013 CE Caesar murdered: Ides (15th) March, 44 BCE ROME’S SEVEN HILLS! " • Palane Hill • Roman Forum • River Tiber http://www.laits.utexas.edu/moore/rome/image/map-early-rome Ethnic Groups of Ancient Italy Early Romans trade with •Etruscans •Oscans •Latins •Greeks Similar image http:// at - http://www.utexas.edu/courses/romanciv/romancivimages3/Italymap.jpgSiwww.orbilat.com/Maps/Latin/ Origins of Rome • MYTH: Rome founded 753 BCE (8th c.)! • ARCHAEOLOGY: Iron Age settlements - 9th c.BCE" • hRp://www.utexas.edu/courses/ Reconstruction of Iron Age huts on Palatine Hill (based on evidence of excavation) http://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/img.htm?id=72 ‘Capitoline Wolf’ (Capitoline Museum, Rome) bronze wolf ?5th c.BCE; babies added 15th c.CE hp://schools.nashua.edu/myclass/lavalleev/Art%20History%20Pictures/ch09/9-10.jpg Romulus and Remus! • mythic narrative • Mars • Rhea Silvia (Ilia) - Vestal virgin • Amulius - uncle of Rhea Silvia • Numitor - father of Rhea Silvia • twin boys cast adrift on River Tiber Statue of Mars, Roman god of war, early 4th c., Yorkshire Museum http://www.flickr.com/photos/carolemage/7684918728/lightbox/ Romulus and Remus! • mythic narrative • Mars • Rhea Silvia (Ilia) • Numitor - father of Rhea Silvia - king • Amulius - uncle of Rhea Silvia • twin boys cast adrift on River Tiber • come ashore at Lupercal near Palatine • raised by she-wolf (lupa) • foster mother Larentia => lupa
    [Show full text]
  • Romulus and Remus a Long Time Ago, There Was a King Named Numitor Who Ruled an Ancient City in Italy Called Alba Longa
    Romulus and Remus A long time ago, there was a king named Numitor who ruled an ancient city in Italy called Alba Longa. Numitor had a younger brother named Amulius who one day overthrew Numitor and took over Alba Longa. However, Amulius did not want to cause any conflict, so he killed Numitor’s male heirs and forced Numitor’s only daughter, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin, so she could not marry or have children. Amulius was worried that Rhea would have a son who would eventually overthrow him. However, Rhea Silvia fell in love with Mars, the Roman God of War and they had twin sons. Rhea Silvia had betrayed her vows of being a Vestal Virgin, and the penalty was usually death. However, Amulius feared the wrath of Mars and did not want to kill Rhea Silvia. Instead, King Amulius imprisoned Rhea Silvia and ordered a servant to put the twins in the River Tiber. Amulius reasoned that if the twins were to die from the elements, the city would be saved from the angry god. When the servant reached the river bank with the twins, he could not throw them in. He looked down at the babies sitting together in the basket, their tiny arms wrapped around one another and he thought about his own young sons. Instead, he placed their basket into the river and let the current carry the basket, in hope that someone would see the twins and rescue them. Eventually, a compassionate she-wolf came across the basket in the river and pulled the babies out to safety.
    [Show full text]
  • Livy on the Founding of Rome
    Livy on the Founding of Rome Section on the Founding of Rome From Livy's History of Rome (1904), translated by John Henry Freese, Alfred John Church, and William Jackson Brodribb Founding of Rome Sections of Livy Book I Aeneas Leaves Troy To begin with, it is generally admitted that, after the taking of Troy, while all the other Trojans were treated with severity, in the case of two, Aeneas and Antenor, the Greeks forbore to exercise the full rights of war, both on account of an ancient tie of hospitality, and because they had persistently recommended peace and the restoration of Helen: and then Antenor, after various vicissitudes, reached the inmost bay of the Adriatic Sea, accompanied by a body of the Eneti, who had been driven from Paphlagonia by civil disturbance, and were in search both of a place of settlement and a leader, their chief Pylamenes having perished at Troy; and that the Eneti and Trojans, having driven out the Euganei, who dwelt between the sea and the Alps, occupied these districts. In fact, the place where they first landed is called Troy, and from this it is named the Trojan canton. The nation as a whole is called Veneti. It is also agreed that Aeneas, an exile from home owing to a like misfortune, but conducted by the fates to the founding of a greater empire, came first to Macedonia, that he was then driven ashore at Sicily in his quest for a settlement, and sailing thence directed his course to the territory of Laurentum. This spot also bears the name of Troy.
    [Show full text]
  • Roman Founding Legends
    Rome 250 Day 1 Roman Founding Legends Albert Sbragia Mary R. O'Neil Italian saying: Roma, non basta una vita. = “Rome, a lifetime is not enough.” Three Romes: Ancient/classical Rome Weeks 1-4 Medieval/Renaissance Rome Weeks 5-8 Christian & Papal capital city later called Roma nera or “Black Rome” due to black clerical robes of priests Modern city 19-20th Century Weeks 9-10 19th C Risorgimento : unification of Italy “Third Rome” or Terza Roma PALIMPSEST: Manuscript written over another text Palimpsest – Euclid’s Geometry Italy topographical map with Apennines & Alps GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS: ETHNIC GROUPS CONTINENTAL ITALY (Po Valley): CELTS (called GAULS by Romans; CISALPINA Gaul arrive around 500 BC) PENINSULAR ITALY (Mediterranean climate) APPENINES: SABINES NORTH/CENTRAL: ETRURIA = Tuscany ETRUSCANS CENTRAL: LATIUM = Lazio LATINS, including ROMANS SOUTH: MAGNA GRAECIA GREEKS colonists from Greece = Greater Greece (includes Neapolis, Capua) Ancient Italy CONTINENTAL ITALY (Po Valley) CISALPINE GAUL (Celts) PENINSULAR ITALY (Mediterranean climate) APENINES: NORTH/CENTRAL: ETRURIA Tuscany CENTRAL: LATIUM =Lazio Latins, including ROMANS SOUTH: MAGNA GRAECIA colonists from Greece = Greater Greece (includes Neapolis, Capua) The Seven Hills of Early Rome ROMAN FOUNDING LEGENDS: MYTH VS HISTORY FOUNDING OF CITY OF ROME AUC = Ab Urbe Condita = from the founding of the city GREEK FOUNDING MYTH: Romans accept Greek version of their origins AENEAS THE TROJAN son of Anchises of Troy, and Venus; wanders in Mediterranean after defeat of Troy by the Greeks, (Trojan War Homer’s Iliad) Aeneas arrives in Lavinium; his son Ascanius starts line of Kings of Alba Longa, from whom Romulus is descended Virgil’s Aeneid as most complete version of Aeneas’ story Aeneas leaving Troy Map of Aeneas’ wanderings in Mediterranean after fall of Troy Aeneas with Anchises (father) and Ascanius The “Trojan Group” Bernini 17th C Aeneas with Anchises carrying the palladium Palladium household gods of Troy Raphael 16th C.
    [Show full text]
  • The God of the Lupercal*
    THE GOD OF THE LUPERCAL* By T. P. WISEMAN (Plates I-IV) On 15 February, two days after the Ides, there took place at Rome the mysterious ritual called Lupercalia, which began when the Luperci sacrificed a goat at the Lupercal. There was evidently a close conceptual and etymological connection between the name of the festival, the title of the celebrants, and the name of the sacred place: as our best-informed literary source on Roman religion, M. Terentius Varro, succinctly put it, 'the Luperci [are so called] because at the Lupercalia they sacrifice at the Lupercal . the Lupercalia are so called because [that is when] the Luperci sacrifice at the Lupercal'J What is missing in that elegantly circular definition is the name of the divinity to whom the sacrifice was made. Even the sex of the goat is unclear - Ovid and Plutarch refer to a she-goat, other sources make it male2- which might perhaps imply a similar ambiguity in the gender of the re~ipient.~Varro does indeed refer to a goddess Luperca, whom he identifies with the she-wolf of the foundation legend; he explains the name as lupapepercit, 'the she-wolf spared them' (referring to the infant twins), so I think we can take this as an elaboration on the myth, and not much help for the rit~al.~ 'Lupercalia' is one of the festival days (dies feliati) that are named in large letters on the pre-Julian calendar. (Whether that list goes back to the early regal period, as Mommsen thought, or no further than the fifth century B.c., as is argued by Agnes Kirsopp Michels in her book on the Roman ~alendar,~it is the earliest evidence we have for the Lupercalia.) There are forty-two such names, of which thirty end in -alia; and at least twenty of those thirty are formed from the name of the divinity concerned -Liberalia, Floralia, Neptunalia, Saturna- lia, and so on.
    [Show full text]
  • Livy: the Horatii & Curiatii
    Livy: The Horatii & Curiatii 1 Introduction to Livy Livy’s history begins with the earliest foundations of Rome and ends Titus Livius, known to us today as Livy, was born in 59 BC in with the death of Drusus in 9 BC. Northern Italy in the town of Patavium (modern day Padua) and died in AD 17. Athough we know little of Livy’s own life, Seneca (4 BC – Although we do not know the particularities about Livy’s AD 65), a Roman writer and philosopher, tells us that he studied education and exactly when he came to Rome, it is likely that the the philosophy and other traditional subjects. Unlike many educated majority of his education took place in Patavium. Due to the civil Romans, we have no record of Livy aiming at a political career wars ravaging Rome and all of Italy, it would have been unsafe to because no records exist of his holding any public office. Much of travel through Italy and subsequently to expose a young boy to the Livy’s life was devoted to writing his history of Rome, Ab Urbe upheaval that was occurring in Rome. Thus Livy probably arrived to Condita. However, it is important to note that many significant and Rome, either to finish his studies under a rhetor, or simply to utilize influential events occurred during Livy’s lifetime: the Civil War the more extensive libraries available there in order to find sources for between Caesar and Pompey and the subsequent battles that led to the his history. At that time, Livy would have come to a more peaceful downfall of the Republic and the establishment of the Empire with the Rome, rejuvenated by the end of years of civil strife, the victory of reign of Augustus.
    [Show full text]