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Ask the Rabbi Volume I ASK THE RABBI VOLUME I ASK THE RABBI VOLUME I A Sampling of Real World Halachic Questions that Were Sent to the Eretz Hemdah Beit Midrash Headed by Harav Moshe Ehrenreich and Harav Yosef Carmel By The Eretz Hemdah Students and Faculty Ask the Rabbi ,Volume 1 Eretz Hemdah Institute © Eretz Hemdah Institute 2015 Additional copies of this book are available at Eretz Hemdah: 2 Brurya St. P.O.B. 8178 Jerusalem 9108101 Israel (972-2) 537-1485 fax (972-2) 537-9626 [email protected] Also available at the Eretz Hemdah website www.eretzhemdah.org Editor: Rabbi Daniel Rosenfeld Cover design: Renana Pinis הוצא לאור בהשתתפות המשרד לענייני דתות All rights reserved. However, since the purpose of this publication is educational, the copyright holder permits the limited reproduction of sections of this book for non-commercial educational purposes. ISBN , 978-965-436-028-9 hardcover Printed in Israel It is our privilege to present the first volume of Ask the Rabbi. Each year, Eretz Hemdah, through its partnership with the Orthodox Union’s “Ask the Rabbi” program, receives thousands of questions. The questions are sent from rabbis and laity in Israel, America, and across the world. In Eretz Hemdah, a small group of extraordinary graduates from the finest National-Religious yeshivot learn to prepare for the Israeli Rabbinate’s rigorous Yadin Yadin examinations. We believe that true greatness in Torah can never be disconnected from involvement with the needs and concerns of the broader Jewish community. Therefore, we require our young rabbis to devote some of their time to teaching and answering questions. As part of that vision, our young rabbis help answer some of the “Ask the Rabbi” questions we receive. The “Ask the Rabbi” questions cover all imaginable issues. In this volume, we bring together some of the select questions and answers from the most relevant areas of halacha. We hope and pray that this book will be used to teach and enlighten. That it will help people observe halacha, while giving them a sense of the impressive and infinite world of the Talmud and Shulchan Aruch, which serve as the basis and context for our halachic practice. With Torah Blessings, Rabbi Yosef Carmel Rabbi Moshe Ehrenreich Rabbinical Deans of Eretz Hemdah CONTENTS BERACHOT: 1. Berachot Recited Over the Media 2 2. Shechecheyanu on Vegetation 4 3. Men Fulfilling His Mitzva on a Woman's Beracha 6 4. Making Berachot on the Animals in a Zoo 9 5. Hamapil for Those Who Go to Sleep Before Dark 10 6. When to say Kri’at Shema Al Hamita When Working a 12 Night Shift 7. Beracha on Vegetable Soup 14 8. Beracha on Pureed Vegetable Soup 16 9. Time Elapsed Between Meal and Bentching 18 10. Beracha on Dessert After a Meal 20 11. Two Out of a Group Who Want to do a Zimun 22 12. Minhagim about Bentching With a Zimun 24 13. Beracha Acharona on Foods that Require Different 26 Berachot Acharonot 14. Pat Haba’ah B’kisnin 28 15. Saying Birkat Hagomel After Using a Makeshift System 30 16. Permissibility of a Personal Beracha 32 17. Beracha on a Newly Renovated Home 34 18. Birkot Hamitzva Regarding Netilat Yadayim 36 NETILLAT YADAYIM: 19. Stains on Hands and Netillat Yadayim 39 20. Drying One’s Hands With an Electric Hand Dryer Instead 41 of a Towel after Netilat Yadayim TEFILLA: 21. Shortening Psukei D’zimra to Catch Up 44 22. Kedusha for Slow Daveners 46 23. Singing Kedusha Along With the Chazan 48 24. Birkat Kohanim in the Middle of Shemoneh Esrei 50 25. Birkat Kohanim When Wearing a Cast 52 26. Standing During Chazarat HaShatz 54 27. Which Tefillot to Say While Waiting to Borrow Tefillin 56 28. Listening to Laining During Shemoneh Esrei 58 29. Leaning On the Bima During the Aliya 60 30. Not Reading Along With the Laining 62 31. Talking When the Sefer Torah is Opened 64 32. Mistakes in Hashem’s Name During Keriat HaTorah 66 33. Mistakes in the Order of Kaddish and Barchu 68 34. Tallit and Tefillin During Selichot 70 35. Bathroom Needs and Davening 72 36. Reciting Me'ein Sheva in a Makeshift Shul 74 37. Can a Minyan Function Without 10 Men? 76 38. Sof Z’man Kri’at Shema 78 39. Shaving Before Shacharit 80 40. Kaddish after a Burial or Siyum 82 41. Regarding Kibudim (honors) for Teens in Shul 84 42. Permissibility of a Chazan Who Hates One of the 86 Congregants 43. Lack of Unity in a “Unified” Minyan 88 44. Children in Diapers in Shul During Davening 90 45. Realized that Already Davened When in the Middle of 92 Shemoneh Esrei 46. Waking Up on a Plane to Daven 94 47. Women Hearing Parashat Zachor 96 48. The Need for a Mechitza Without a Minyan 98 BEIT KNESSET- SYNAGOGUE: 49. Preference of Davening in a Shul 101 50. Stopping to Rent Out to a Shul 103 51. Lighting a Ner Tamid Candle When the Electricity is 105 Out? HOLY ARTICLES: 52. Passing Over Tefillin to Put on the Shel Yad First 108 53. Tefillin for Immobilized Arm 110 54. Tefillin Shel Yad Slipping 112 55. Loose Knots on Tzitzit 114 56. When Can The Beracha on a Tallit Count for Tzitzit 116 57. Tzitzit Tied By the Wearer When He Was Still a Minor 118 58. Making a Shabbat Tallit Into a Weekday One 120 59. Shul Selling a Sefer Torah 122 60. Disposing of Old Netilat Yadayim Cups 124 61. Should a Piece of the Cover of a Siddur be Put in the 126 Geniza? 62. Displaying the Mezuzah Scroll While Unfolded 128 63. Protecting Sefarim but Aiding Terrorists 130 KIBBUD AV V’EIM-HONORING PARENTS: 64. Listening to Parents Regarding Choosing a Spouse 133 65. Standing for Parents in Our Times 135 DEATH AND MOURNING: 66. Performing an Autopsy 138 67. A Mourner Davening at a Regular Minyan in the Same 140 Building CHARITY: 68. Ma'aser From Net Gains 143 69. Paying a Poor Person’s Guaranteed Loan from Ma’aser 145 Money KASHRUT: 70. Kashrut of an Animal Fed Meat and Milk 148 71. Switching Status of Corelle Dishes 150 72. Length of Time for Hagala 152 73. Cooking Parve Food in Fleishig Crock Pot 154 74. Making Food in Fleishig Pot to Transfer into Other 156 Utensils 75. Permissibility of a Jew Owning a Grocery that Sells Non- 158 Kosher Items 76. Eating at Someone's House Who Has a Business That 160 Stays Open on Shabbat 77. Status of Food in an Untovelled Utensil 162 78. Which Utensils that Have Been Obtained From a Non- 164 Jew Require Tovelling. 79. Baking Chicken and Fish at the Same Time in an Oven 166 80. Working in a Non-Kosher Establishment 168 MISCELLANEOUS: 81. Changing Minhagim upon Divorce 171 82. Guidelines on When the Mitzva of Tochacha Applies 173 83. A Fence on the Roof of an Organization’s Building 175 84. Thanking Hashem After a Medical “False Alarm” 177 85. Hosting a Difficult Guest 179 86. Using Expressions From the Writings of Another 181 Religion 87. Trumot and Ma'asrot on Spices and Leaves 183 88. Joining Pieces of Dough for Obligation of Hafrashat 185 Challa 89. Promoting Vegetarianism and Veganism 187 90. Shaving Hair Very Short 189 91. Grounds for Cutting Down a Fruit Tree 191 92. Eating Contests 193 93. Cosmetic Surgery 195 94. Conflict Between “Salvation Day” and Yahrtzeit 197 95. A Lawyer’s Obligation to Get Involved in "Sticky" Cases 199 BERACHOT ASK THE RABBI I 1. Berachot Recited Over the Media Question: When one hears a beracha being recited over the radio or telephone, can/should he answer amen Can he be yotzei a beracha in this way? Answer: In order for one to be yotzei with a beracha he hears, it must come from a person who is obligated in the mitzva (Rosh Hashanah 29a). Even in order to answer amen, he must hear the beracha from a person whose beracha is meaningful (see Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim 215:3 regarding a small child’s beracha). Therefore, all agree that one is not yotzei and does not answer amen to that which he hears on a recording, when no one is actually speaking. Almost all poskim agree that one cannot fulfill the mitzvah of hearing shofar via microphone, telephone or radio, because one must hear the authentic sound of a shofar (Rosh Hashanah 27b). The ruling regarding megillah reading via microphone is not as clear. Although one does not hear the actual voice of a valid ba’al koreh, but a device-generated reproduction, it is better than a recording in two ways. First, the sound is produced directly based on the sound waves from the ba’al koreh. Secondly, the reproduction is heard at essentially the same time the ba’al koreh reads. Therefore, although most poskim believe one cannot fulfill the mitzvah via microphone, the lenient position is marginally tenable (see Tzitz Eliezer VIII, 11; Igrot Moshe (OC II, 108) leans toward permitting it, but he appears to be based on a lack of related scientific information.) The gemara (Sukka 51b) minimizes the importance of hearing the voice of the person reciting, if one knows what is being said. It tells of a huge structure in Alexandria, where flags were waved to inform people when to answer amen. However, Tosafot (ad loc.) limits this precedent to cases where participants were not attempting to fulfill any mitzvah at the time. On the other hand, it does seem to indicate that one can answer amen without hearing the voice in a case where one knows what beracha it is and is not obligated to be yotzei (see Shulchan Aruch and Rama, OC 124:8).
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