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Investigating Grandiose Narcissism As a Personality Process

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Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) 2016 INVESTIGATING GRANDIOSE NARCISSISM AS A PERSONALITY PROCESS Miranda Giacomin Wilfrid Laurier University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd Part of the Personality and Social Contexts Commons, and the Social Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Giacomin, Miranda, "INVESTIGATING GRANDIOSE NARCISSISM AS A PERSONALITY PROCESS" (2016). Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive). 1864. https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1864 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. i INVESTIGATING GRANDIOSE NARCISSISM AS A PERSONALITY PROCESS by Miranda Giacomin Bachelor of Arts, Wilfrid Laurier University, 2010 DISSERTATION Submitted to the Department of Psychology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology Wilfrid Laurier University © Miranda Giacomin 2016 ii DECLARATION OF CO-AUTHORSHIP/PREVIOUS PUBLICATION This dissertation is presented in an integrated article format (multiple manuscript option), such that the document proceeds from an introduction through a series of published manuscripts and ends with a general discussion. This dissertation includes three original manuscripts, two of which are already published in peer-reviewed journals and a third which is accepted and in-press at a peer-reviewed journal. Manuscript 1 (Chapter 2) has been published in a top social psychology journal, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (Impact factor: 2.909; Ranking: Psychology, Social 7 out of 62). The full citation is: Giacomin, M., & Jordan, C. H. (2014). Down-regulating narcissistic tendencies: Communal focus reduces state narcissism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, 488-500. doi: 10.1177/0146167213516635 Manuscript 2 (Chapter 3) has been published in a top personality psychology journal, Journal of Personality (Impact factor: 3.229; Ranking: Psychology, Social 5 out of 62). The full citation is: Giacomin, M., & Jordan, C. H. (2016). The wax and wane of narcissism: Grandiose narcissism as a process or state. Journal of Personality, 84, 154-164. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12148 Manuscript 3 (Chapter 4) has been accepted for publication and is in-press at the Journal of Research in Personality (Impact factor: 2.264). The citation is: Giacomin, M., & Jordan, C. H. (In press). Self-focused and feeling fine: Assessing state narcissism and its relation to well-being. Journal of Research in Personality. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2016.04.009 Pertinently, I must acknowledge the contributions of my doctoral supervisor, Dr. Christian Jordan, who is my co-author on all three of the manuscripts presented in this dissertation. Each of these manuscripts contributes collectively to my dissertation. iii ABSTRACT Though grandiose subclinical narcissism has predominantly been studied in structural terms—focused on individuals’ general tendencies to be more or less narcissistic—narcissism may also function as a personality process (i.e., narcissism fluctuates within-individuals across contexts or situations). Narcissism has also been conceptualized as a dynamic self-regulatory system, a set of coherent, mutually-reinforcing attributes, which orients individuals toward positive self-feelings (e.g., Campbell & Foster, 2007). In this dissertation, I empirically examine the possibility that narcissism has a meaningful process or state component and is more context- dependent than previously assumed. Manuscript 1 found that making people feel more connected to others (by increasing empathic concern or priming interdependent self-construal) reduced their endorsement of narcissistic tendencies and, in turn, negated some of the negative aspects associated with narcissism (e.g., fame seeking). Using a daily diary methodology, in Manuscripts 2 and 3, it was found that there is a modest, yet meaningful, amount of within-person variability in people’s narcissistic tendencies. This variability existed across different samples of participants, different time periods (i.e., 10 and 14-days), and across different assessments and conceptualizations of narcissism. Importantly this variability was psychologically meaningful, in that people’s narcissism shifted in accordance with their daily experiences (e.g., positive agentic events) or their daily psychological well-being (e.g., life satisfaction, positive affect). Together these manuscripts provide some initial evidence that grandiose narcissism can vary within individuals and that this variability can meaningfully fluctuate across different situational affordances (e.g., when feeling powerful or more connected to other people). Indeed narcissism may function as a dynamic self-regulatory system orienting individuals toward self-enhancement and positive self-views. iv STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY This is to certify that the content of this dissertation is my own work except where due reference is made. It is being submitted to Wilfrid Laurier University as part of my PhD degree requirements. It has not been and shall not be submitted for the award of any degree or diploma at any other institution of higher learning. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I have to express my sincerest gratitude to my doctoral supervisor, Christian Jordan. I have grown immensely as a scholar and a researcher thanks to your guidance, patience, and years of support. Thank you for holding me to a high research standard and encouraging me to create my own academic identity. I am grateful for my committee members, Anne Wilson and Justin Cavallo, who have both taught me to see the bigger picture, the forest for the trees, and to find both the theoretical and practical implications of my research on a broader scope. Thank you for being wonderful academic role models and for your unwavering encouragement throughout this process. To my external committee members, Laurie Barclay and Erika Carlson, thank you for your insightful, constructive feedback and prompting me to think more deeply about my research. So many people initially began as my colleagues and ended up becoming my best friends. I consider myself extremely lucky to have been surrounded by the most intelligent, supportive, and caring group of people throughout my graduate career. Thank you for being my biggest cheerleaders. This process would have been infinitely more difficult without each of you. Lastly, my greatest source of inspiration, comfort and unconditional love comes from my family. Thank you to my parents for their never-ending support and reassurance, to my grandma for being the toughest woman I know, and to my sister for being the person who always makes me laugh a little louder. Ultimately, I dedicate this dissertation to my Nonno, whose memory will serve as a reminder to stay resilient and hard working, but that no amount of success can take the place of time spent with family. La famiglia è tutto. I am nothing if not a product of those in my life, and without any of you, this milestone would not be possible. I could never thank each of you enough. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... viii LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... ix LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................................................. x CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1 Narcissism as a Dynamic Self-regulatory System ...................................................................... 3 Process Approaches to Personality ............................................................................................. 4 Dissertation Overview ................................................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER 2 - MANUSCRIPT 1 ................................................................................................... 8 Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... 9 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 10 Study 1....................................................................................................................................... 13 Method ................................................................................................................................... 14 Results ................................................................................................................................... 16 Discussion .............................................................................................................................. 17 Studies 2a and 2b....................................................................................................................... 17 Method ................................................................................................................................... 18 Results ..................................................................................................................................
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