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THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE

NEW YORK CITY OFFICE: 70 FIFTH AVENUE

Conducts Educational Work in: TRADE SCHOOL

"The People's Institute may be called a mature educational enterprise for adults and a clear demonstration that adult education has its place in the social scheme- that there can be adult education, if under the proper auspices, and that it is of immeasurable benefit under the proper auspices." -Nathaniel Peffer in "New Schools for Older Students." THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE ~======~ ~!======~

BOARD OF TRUSTEES Activities of the Institute HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN, Chairmau SAM A. LEWISOHN, Treasurer ('T' HE People's Institute was founded in 1897 by a group JOHN G. AGAR ELLWOOD HENDRICK -.L of 's public spirited citizens on the initiative GEORGE W. ALGER EVERETT DEAN MARTIN of Charles Sprague Smith. Its original purpose was to LEROY E. BOWMAN MRs. M. D. HERTER NORTON provide a forum for the free discussion of public questions, LINCOLN CROMWELL EDWARD F. SANDERSON M RS. W. MURRAY CRANE HAROLD SPIELBERG and for the first twenty years of its existence its main ERNEST G. DRAPER JAMES P. W ARBASSE functions were those of a lyceum and forum, with a few P ARKER McCoLLESTER, Secretary of the Board social service features. The Institute's Sunday evening meetings inspired the organization of the Open Forum ADVISORY COUNCIL National Council and the spread of the forum idea. FRANK L. BABDOTT CHARLES H. INGERSOLL EARL BARNES MISS ANNIE B. JENNINGS The Institute has a record of twenty-nine years' work ALFRED J. BOULTON JoHN BROOKS LEAVITT in adult education beginning long before the present wide­ R. R. BOWKER V. EVERIT MACY spread interest in such education. It is now concentrating JOHN GRAHAM BROOKS HoWARD M ANSFIELD NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER J. HOWARD MELISH all its energies toward further developments in this same GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY direction. JoH N L. ELLIOTT SAMUEL SCHULMAN JoHN H. FINLEY EDWIN R. A. SELIGMAN Three lines of activity are helping to carry forward this GLENN FRANK ALBERT SHAW FRA NKLIN H. GIDDINGS MRS. CHARLES SPRAGUE SMITH adult education program for the season 1926-27. They MRS. J. BORDEN HARRIMAN MRS. ANNA GARLIN SPENCER are: MRS. L. EMMETT HOLT MISS LILLIAN D. WALD ( 1) The lectures held three evenings a week from LECTURE STAFF November to May in the Great Hall of Cooper Union EARL BARNES w. F. OGBURN including Mr. Martin's continuous Friday evening course. E. G. CONKLIN HARRY A. OvERSTREET These lectures addressed to large groups of people give IRWIN EDMAN BRUNO ROSELLI broad backgrounds, arouse curiosity-and plot HoRACE M. KALLEN E. G. SPAULDING lines for further study. ROBERT C. MURPHY JoHN B. WATSON

ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF (2) The School of the Institute, Manhattan Trade School, which developed from the Cooper Union work, EVERETT DEAN MARTIN, Director and which provides smaller classes on specialized subjects. , Assistaut Director BLANCHE C. DAYlD, Secretary, Cooper Uuiou Forum JuLIA M. HINAMAN, Publicity Director ( 3) Adult Education Groups distributed about the city PHILIP N. YouTZ, Orgauizatiou Secretary providing individual guidance in tutorial groups.

2 TH E PEOPL E' S INSTITUTE THE P EOP L E' S INS T I TU'tE r»

privilege of a very small portion of the populat ion. When instruction has been offered to adults it has been chiefl y The Aim of Adult Education belated elementary instruction which the backward or un­ fortunate missed in childhood, or it has been instruction in English offered to immigrants, or it has been vo cational [CONCEIVE it to be the aim of adult education to training offered to those who have wished to acquire in­ broaden the interests and sympathies of people regardless creased industrial efficiency. The of such training of their daily occupation-or along with it-to lift men's is apparent but it is for the most part essentially primary thought out of the monotony and drudgery which are apt education offered to grown people. It is not adult educa­ to be the common lot, to free the mind from servitude tion as that term is coming to be understood, and it is not and herd opinion, to train habits of judgment and of ap­ enough. It has left a chasm between the centers of en­ preciation of value, to carry on the struggle for human lightenment and a populace which, notwithstanding the excellence in our day and generation, to temper passion vast sums spent upon public education, still reads the with wisdom, to dispel prejudice by better of tabloid papers, frequents the cheap motion picture, and is self, to enlist all men, in the measure that they have easily swayed by prejudice and "catch" phrases. capacity for it, in the achievement of civilization. In other words, the aim is the same as that which has The People's Institute is one of the agencies now at all along inspired the best efforts at general education. In work trying to bridge this gap between formal institutions one sense the tradition of adult education is very old, of learning and the daily life and thought of people out­ coming to us from the ancient Greeks, but there has been side such institutions. For those who wish to gain a in recent years a notable increase of interest in education knowledge of the higher branches of learning best calcu­ in all its branches. In the sense that large numbers of lated to give one the general outlook of an educated persons of mature age are discovering the fact that it is mind, the Institute offers continuous and serious courses of possible for them to add to their store of knowledge and study in the natural sciences and the humanities. It has improve their understandin g, the movement for adult edu­ not been found expedient to offer courses in mathematics cation is a recent development in American life. Hereto­ or the ancient and modern languages, but we have re­ fore, the idea has prevailed that education belongs prop­ ceived a very gratifying response to such suojects as the erly to the years of childhood and adolescence; that beyond history and methods of science, philosophy, hi tory of a certain very elementary knowledge education is the civilization, contemporary literature, the classics in tran

4 s THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUT E THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE ~ ~ lation, and the general principles of biology and psy­ there is a larger demand and consequently need in New chology. Each course is given by a competent instructor whose own standards of scholarship are of the best. York for the sort of work it is doing. During the past Several of the courses given at Cooper Union and else­ ten years I have seen the demands on the Institute in­ where under the auspices of the In titute have been pub­ crease from year to year as large numbers of men and lished and are now in use as reference and text books in women engaged in the ordinary pursuits of life show evi­ various colleges and universities. The response regardless dence of a desire for more and better knowledge. Our of the degree of preparation of those who attend is gen­ present task is to meet these increasing demands. erally keen and the interest sincere and stimulating, many Everett Dean Marlin individuals continuing in attendance for a number of years. We have no illusions that we can suddenly transform the mass nor have we any new-fangled theory of what an educated person is, nor any magic or "short cut." But we are able to interest large numbers of people with an uncompromising standard of educational aims and values without resorting to any trickery, to any , or any cheapening of the content of instruction. I believe that the people we reach are "key" persons in the circles in which they live. They are for the most part eager and sincere and I am convinced that we have been able to bring some new meaning and worth into their lives. I am also convinced that these persons exist in such num­ bers that, given the education they desire, they may become a balance of power, in the end an influence for turning public sentiment from ant and hy teria to something more serious, more appreciative and d pendable. The People's Institute is now in it twenty-ninth year. From the beginning it has demon tratcd the fact that ' THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE ~~ ==~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ What Is the Matter liV ith The School of The Peopll s Institute Modern Ideas? The School is an outgrowth of the Institute's work at Mr. Martin' s 1926-27 course at Cooper Union (Average Cooper Union. For a number of yea rs the work of the attendance at this course l ast year was 983; aggregate attend­ School was carried on by volunteer efforts on the part of ance 23,600). the students themselves and instructors who gave their Nov. 12 THE LOSS OF INTELLECTUAL LEADERSHIP IN THE MODERN WORLD. services for a nominal fee, and by Mr. Martin's personal Nov. 19 ANCIENT AN D MEDIEVAL IDEAS WHICH PASS FOR work. During the last two years the Carnegie Corpora­ MODERN. tion has su pported it to the extent of $10,000 and has thus Nov. 26 THE INFLUENCE OF ROUSSEAU ON MODERN IDEAS. Dec. 3 !CANT AND THE MORALISM OF THE NINETEENTH made possible a notable expan ion of the work. The CENTURY. School has conducted its classes at the Manhattan Trade Dec. 10 THE PRI NCIPLE OF THE REFO RMATION. School four evenings a week. Dec. 17 HuMANITARIAN IDEALS. Jan. 7 CULTURAL STANDARDS IN THE MoDERN WORLD. In administering the School we are conscious of a Jan. 14 THE I NFLUENCE OF I NDIVID UALISM ON MODERN IDEAS. specific group of students in who have a Jan. 21 THE NEW IMPERIALISM. Jan. 28 THE I NFLUENCE OF EVOLUTIONISM ON MoDERN IDEAS. particular educational need and make a peculiar demand Feb. 4 T HE MoDERN M AN's FAITH IN PROGREss. of their instructors. Feb. 11 NATURALISM. Feb. 18 WHAT IS HAPPENING TO SCIENCE. The student body is made up of a variety of types of Feb. 25 MODER ISM IN RELIGION. persons. Some of them have no regular occupation in Mar. 4 THE INFLUENCE OF THE DISCOVERY AND SETTLEMENT OF AMERICA ON MODERN IDEAS. business or in industry, but spend most of their time read­ Mar. 11 WHY IS THERE NOT MORE INTERNATIONALISM IN THE ing and talking with other students at the university or MODERN WORLD? public libraries. Though they are not economically well Mar. 18 THE BIOLOGICAL P OINT OF VIEW IN MODERN T HOUGHT. off, th~y form an intellectual leisure class. Others are Mar. 25 THE P SYCHOLOG IC AL POINT OF VIEW IN MODERN workers who have formed the habit of discriminating THOUGHT. study in their free hours. They choose the subjects and Apr. MECHANISM I N MoDERN THOUGHT. lecturers that have something to contribute to their indi­ Apr. 8 THE IDEA OF THE EMANCIPATIO N m· THE MASSES. Apr. 22 I NDIVID UALISM AND COLLECTIVISM AS CONTRASTING vidual efforts. These two together are few in number MoDERN IDEALS. and not well-known to outsiders, but are genuine, well Apr. 29 THE TYPE OF MAN WHo THRIVES IN THE MODERN read, persistent minded students in both the sciences and WORLD. a 9 THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE ~======~ ~~~~~==~~~~====~~~~=~ in the humanities. They provide the permanent interest A glance at the program will suggest the range of which is the necessary basis for any educational work. subject matter, from science and history to religion and Mixed with the e are those who are, or have been, philosophy. It has been our particular aim to arouse and engaged in social work and humanitarian movements of encourage the sort of critical attitude that will find a reform or "uplift." These activities have usually had way out of confused thinking and feeling. The greater some religious or utopian ideas as their inspiration. Urban part of current instruction tends to impress students with and industrial life has shaken their convictions and they the results of scholarly work rather than its method. are immersed in the welter of modern theories and faiths. Since this tends to indoctrinate people with unrelated or Very simply, they are confused, as most of us are, and contradictory information, it aggravates rather than re­ feel the need of intellectual companionship and discussion. lieves confusion. We have therefore tried to work from Then there are the sophisticates who, like the Athenian the point of view of method, always striving to show the citizens, are looking for some new thing. Put with these meaning of results in terms of original problems and the the scattering of college students who want their knowl­ ways of getting at solutions. This applies both to science edge criticized and sifted and you have the student body, and to literature. For instance, knowledge of laboratory totaling about five hundred and attending in groups that techpique in often prevents the misunderstand­ average fifty-five to sixty each evening. ing and misapplication of psychological theory in daily life by showing its partial and tentative character, where it Instructors who can deal with their subjects and stu­ applies and where it does not. So it is with other subjects. dents in a way that is adequate to this situation are not numerous. It takes patience and insight into human The more general educational result is an increasing nature as well as solid grounding and careful preparation appreciation of the scholar and his work, something which of material. These are the qualities that are demanded is rare and very precious in this country. For those who and the only ones that will hold attention. Spectacular are already students on their own there is suggestion and and easy-going rhetoric has long since been detected and ) encouragement for further work. Some begin studying, eliminated from adult study classes. Direct and clear or return to it, after the lapse of several years. There presentation of lectures with non-evasive answers to ques­ is a contagion in the quest for ideas which is evident tions at the end are apparently necessary elements in this at the Students' Club after the lectures where uncom­ kind of teaching. Our staff of lecturers have these quali­ fortable and alien opinion gets assimilated and reinter:: ties, or they would not have survived. pretated over a glass of tea. Argument gets transformed

10 11 THE PEOPLE ' S INSTITUTE ~~~~~~~~~~~~======~ THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE New Adult Education Groups in the art of conversation and there appear the more happy symptoms of minds at work. ('T' HE People's Institute is offering a number of experi­ -.L mental courses for adult groups this year, for the pur­ That eve~ a few people are initiated to intellectual pose of making a laboratory study of teaching methods and techniques and the joy of study is no insignificant thing subject matter best adapted to grown-up students. This in American life. The Carnegie Corporation recognizes practical research is being financed by the Carnegie Cor­ this and is generously helping to finance the work at the poration as a part of a general investigation which the School. It is hoped that our work will demonstrate to a corporation is making of the entire _field of adult education wide,r group the genuine values in adult study. in America. Scott Buchanan A striking feature of modern education in America is the growing proportion of students past the formal school Statistical Summary of the age who are enrolled in University extension courses, School's Work correspondence courses, and in the large number of philan­ thropic education institutions. America no longer looks MANHATTAN TRADE SCHOOL upon education as merely a preparatory period, entirely SEASON 1925-1926 separate from life,-it is now recognized as a vital part of living; as an essential means of keeping in touch with LECTURER SUBJECT the swift advance of contemporary thought. Mortimer J. Adler ...... The Methods of Psychology So far the type of education offered the adult has been Scott M. Buchanan ...... Varieties of Scientific Experience largely of the same character as that planned for the John M. Clapp ...... Public Speaking school boy and has been modeled on methods which have Horace M. Kallen ...... Why Religion proved useful with adolescent minds. The older student Wolfgang Koehler ...... Psychology is impatient with formal presentation and wishes immedi­ Houston Peterson ...... The Dramas of Ibsen ately to come to grips with his problem. He is less E. G. Spaulding...... The Evolution of Ideas passive. He wishes to have an active part in the class W. L. Westermann...... The Byzantine Civilization discussion and becomes positively hostile when required to Number of Lectures Given...... 91 listen to a didactic exposition of another's thinking, how­ Total Attendance ...... 5,454 ever competent that may be. Average Attendance Per Lecture...... 58 13 12 THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE THE PEOPLE ' S INSTI1'U 'l'E ~ ~ ~ ~

The adult student also differs strikingly from the m each period who by the force and originality of their adolescent in that he is impatient with the narrowly voca­ thinking have shaped the course of civilization. No text tional type of course. He is apt to be a competent books or secondary sources are used. One book is taken specialist in some field and while he will eagerly study up for a discussion at each meeting. Two leaders, one along any line that will broaden and enrich his knowledge with a literary background, and the other with a philo­ of that field he does not care merely to talk shop during sophic background, direct the discussion. The use of two his leisure hours. When he joins a course or attends a leaders instead of one is a notable feature of these course lecture he often wants something in the way of a cultural for it gives the student the advantage of two points of release, a taste of the freedom that comes to the man view and stimulates discussion. whose mind is so amply stocked as to make him inde­ pendent of life's monotonous routine. Besides these reading courses, The People's Institute has organized a number of classes in special subject fields Taking these factors into consideration, the People's where it has found groups already interested along some Institute has undertaken to organize its new experimental particular line. The same discussion method is used classes so as to do a serious piece of educational work in though only one leader is provided. a wholly informal way. Courses are not offered primarily for "uplift" but to meet the needs of the small adult In choosing the groups for these experimental classes, minority which has a desire to lead a frontier intellectual The People's Institute has been careful to take a broad life of adventure, discovery and progress. None of the cross section of the educational field. Some of the groups courses are vocational in aim. The leaders supplied by have received most of their education from reading and the Institute are University instructors chosen because of living, while others have had the advantages of college and their ability to arouse and direct group discussion and university work. All the groups have shown evidence of a desire to do a serious piece of work and the ability to group thinking. think in a vigorous and original way. Two of the courses cover the history of thought, one Philip N. Youtz through the classic and medieval period, and the other the and modern. These courses are modeled on somewhat similar elective courses at Oxford and Columbia Universities. Their aim is to give the student a first-hand acquaintance with the works of the authors

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THE PEOPLE ' S INSTITUTE THE PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE Adult Educational Groups ~~==~~~~~~~~~~~====------~ Among the places where courses are offered are: , 147 . Subject: RENAIS­ SANCE AND MODERN THOUGHT. Community Church, 61 East 34th St. Subject: REN AIS­ Comments of Leaders and Students SANCE AND MoDERN THOUGHT. West Side Y. M. C. A., 318 West 57th St. Subject: on the Adult Education Group CLASSIC AND MEDIEVAL THOUGHT. C. S. Smith Club, 123 East 23rd St. Subject: CLASSIC Significant of the interest in and response to these new AND MEDIEVAL THOUGHT. groups are these comments taken from the weekly reports Greenwich House, 29 Barrow St. Subject: PsYCHOLOGY. made by the leaders : Bronx Y. M. C. A., 470 East 161st St. Subject: "They are reading! They are interested in PsYCHOLOGY. ideas! They discuss! They prefer Erasmus to White Plains Community Church, White Plains. Sub­ Luther by a vote of 24 to 1." ject: VARIETIES OF EcoNOMIC THEORY. 1 Bronx Y. M. C. A., 470 East 161st St. Subject: "This class (Renaissance and Modern Thought) . is better than anything I had at college." Civitas Club, Church of Savior, Brooklyn. Subject: "Discussion was lively, well-informed and rea­ CLASSIC AND MEDIEVAL THOUGHT. sonable." New Student, 2929 Broadway. Subject: AMERICAN "There was no dead wood present. Most of HISTORY. them had done the reading." Rockaway Forum, 222 Beach 122nd St., Rockaway. Subject: CLASSIC AND MEDIEVAL THOUGHT. "Lively discussion. Audience well read. As as my Columbia groups." Woman's Trade Union League, 247 Lexington Ave. Subject: ENGLISH CoMPOSITION. "The quality of their 'reading-memory' is very Whittier House, 174 Grand St., Jersey City. Subject: high. The discussion remained pertinent and CIVICS. crisp." Philosophy Club, New School for Social Research, 465 West 23rd St. Subject: PHILOSOPHY. 16 17 T H E PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE THE PEOPLE'S INSTtT T E ~==~======~ ~======~===~ Sunday and Tuesday Evening Lectures Cooper Union Courses Since 1918

N addition to Mr. Martin's Friday evening course, single The courses given by Mr. Martin since 1918 are: I lectures by different lecturers are given Sunday and Tuesday evenings at Cooper Union from November to May. The aver- 1918-19-DEMOCRACY IN THE LIGHT OF PsYCHOLOGY. age attendance of these lectures for the 1925-26 season was 778. 1919-20-DREAMS OF A SociAL REDEMPTION: A PsY­ The total aggregate attendance for the 48 meetings held was CHOLOGICAL STUDY OF COMMON­ 18,675. WEALTHS. SUNDAY EVENING 1920-21-NIETZSCHE AND THE SPIRIT OF TODAY: A Jan. 9 Mr. Nathaniel Peffer-"UNLOADING THE WHITE MAN's CouRsE IN . BURDEN." 1921-22-HuMAN NATURE IN MoDERN CiviLIZATION: Jan. 16 Professor Harry A. Overstreet-"THE PROBLEMS OF ADULT PERSONALITY." A CouRsE IN . Jan. 23 Professor Harry A. Overstreet-"THE PROBLEMS OF 1922-23-THE NEW : A STUDY IN THE ADULT PERSONALITY." CHANGING OuTLOOK IN SociAL PHILOSOPHY. Jan. 30 Mr. Norman Angeii-"THE GREAT ILLUSIONS OF CURRENT POLITICAL THOUGHT." 1923-24--PsYCHOLOGY: WHAT IT HAs To TEACH You Feb. 6 Doctor Emanuel Sternheirn-"EDUCATION IN RECENT ABOUT YouRSELF AND THE WORLD You FICTION." LIVE IN. Feb. 13 Mr. Jolm Cowper Powys-"JosEPH CoNRAD, MASTER OF THE REAL ROMANCE." 1924-25-THE GREAT MASS MOVEMENTS OF HISTORY: Feb. 20 Mr. John Cowper Powys-"PSYCHOLOGY OF MODERN A PsYcHOLOGICAL STUDY. LITERATURE." Feb. 27 Mr. Lewis Browne-"THlS BELIEVING WoRLD." 1925-26-WHAT Is WoRTH KNOWING: A CouRSE ON THE MEANING OF A LIBERAL EDUCATION. TUESDAY EVENING Jan. 11 Mr. John Bakelus-"HEADING OFF THE NEXT WAR." Mr. Martin's lectures have been published in four Jan. 18 Mr. Harry Elmer Barnes-"THE NEW HISTORY." Jan. 25 Doctor --"FAKE PSYCHOLOGY." volumes: "Psychology" and "The Meaning of a Liberal Feb. 1 Doctor Alfred Adler-"SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND THE Education" (W. W. Norton & Co., Inc.), "The Behavior FEELING OF INSECURITY." Feb. 8 Docto1· Alfred Ad/er-"MENTAL HYGIENE AND INDI­ of Crowds" and "The Mystery of Religion" (Harper VIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY." and Brothers). Feb. 15 Professor Harold E. Fish--"BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND THE TREND OF CIVILIZATION." Feb. 22 Dr. Charles R. Stockard-"THE SKIN AND INDIVIDU­ ALITY." 19 THE PEOPLE ' S INSTITUTE THE PEOPLE'S INSTl'r ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~==~~~~~=~~ Financial Statement NOVEMBER 1, 1925 to OCTOBER 31, 1926 RECEIPTS ScHOOL OF THE INSTITUTE INSTITUTE Adv ance repaid to Institute ...... $ 350.00 Cash on hand Nov. 1, 1925 ...... $ 6.00 ScHooL Cash in barik Nov. 1, 1925...... 1.98 Speakers ...... $ 4,700.00 Contributions ...... 20, 39 7.30 Advertising ...... 900.63 ---:$20,405.28 Printing and Stationery...... 250.84 Reimbursements Incidentals ...... 85.7 5 School of The People's Institute ...... $ 350.00 Director's Salary...... 2,800.00 Rent ...... 486.00 Manhattan Trade School...... 592.00 Incidentals, Tel & Tel., Postage, etc .. 238.13 1,074.13 9,329.22 CLUB ToTAL INSTITUTE RECEIPTS ...... $21,479.41 Secretary-Salary ...... $ 936.00 SCHOOL OF THE INSTITUTE Rent ...... 75.00 Balance, November 1, 1925...... $ 32.40 Incidentals ...... 62.6 5 1,073.65 The Carnegie Corporation ...... 9,5 00.00 The Institute ...... 859.22 TOTAL SCHOOL OF THE INSTITUTE DISBURSEMENTS .. 10,752.87 Tuition Fees ...... 1,361.25 STUDY GROUPS Organization Secretary-Salary...... $ 625.00 TOTAL SCHOOL OF THE INSTITUTE RECEIPTS ...... 11,7 52.87 New School for Social Research...... 500.00 STUDY GROUP The Carnegie Corporation...... 2,000.00 TOTAL STUDY GROUP DISBURSEMENTS ...... 1,1 25.00 Cash Balance October 31, 1926 DISBURSEMENTS $3 5,232.28 INSTITUTE INSTITUTE On hand ...... 6.00 Salaries ...... $12,196 .15 Deficit Institute...... 736.54 Rent ...... 1,438.00 SCHOOL OF THE INSTITUTE Telephone and Telegraph...... 439.72 Balance ...... 1,000.00 Printing and Stationery...... 980.98 STUDY GROUP Office Expense...... 1,305.72 Balance ...... 875.00 ---$16,360.57 Cooper Union Forum On Deposit at Mechanics & Metals National Bank .... 1,13 8.46 Usher and Guards ...... $ 587.30 October 31, 1926 Speakers ...... 2,540.00 $35,232.28 Rent ...... 600.00 Advertising ...... 930.74 Audited by WILLIAM A. MILLIGA N & Co., Printing and Stationery...... 244.50 Certified Public Accountants. Incidentals ...... 87.62 Contribution to School of The Institute 859.22 5,849.38

TOTAL INSTITUTE DISBURSEMENTS ...... $22.209.95 20 21 INSTl T 1' I ~ T H E PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE THE PEOPLE'S \>(! b

22 23 T H E PEOPLE'S INSTITUT~ T H E PEOPLE'S INSTI 't

Contributors Cowl, Mrs. Clarkson Francklyn, Mrs. Cyril Crane, Mrs. W. Murray Franklin Simon & Co., Inc. During the Fiscal Year-Nov. 1, 1925, to Oct. 31, 1926 Cranford, Frederick L. Friedenheit, Mrs. I. Achelis, Elizabeth A. Boettger, Henry N. Crocker, Rev. W. T. Friedman, Arthur L. Achelis, John Bogert, Walter L. Cromwell, Lincoln Friedman, Elisha M. Adler, Sigmund Borg, Sidney C. Cutting, R. Fulton "A friend" Alger, George W . Boucher, Charles "C. W." Altschul, Charles Bowman, L. E. Gans, Howard S. Anderson, John B. Britton, N. L. Geer, Mrs. Walter Arnstein, Leo Daggett & Ramsdell Brokaw, Geo. T. Dakin, Mrs. Susan D. H . Giddens, Mrs. Louis Stumer Auchmuty, Mrs. R. T. Bowker, R. R. Davey, William N. Ginn & Co. August, Mrs. Harmon S. Brown, Mrs. A.M. Davidge, Wm. H. Goldman, Julius Austin, Mrs. Chellis Brown, Vernon Carleton Davies, J. Clarence Goldsmith, Edwin Austin, Chellis A. Brown, Dr. Wm. Adams Gottheil, Mrs. P. Austin, C. R. Davison, Mrs. H. P. Buggeln, Herman de Bary, Adolphe Grace, J.P. Ayer, Charles F. Bulkley, Jonathan Debevoise, George Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Burlingham, Charles C. deForest, Robert W. Co., The Burnham, Gordon W. Delafield, Edward C. Greef & Company Babbott, Frank L. Green, H. B. Bacon, Mrs. Frances McNeil Delano, Moreau de Liagre, Alfred Green, Jerome D. Baldwin, Rev. Fritz W. Caldwell, Otis W. Guggenheimer, Chas. S. Baldwin, Henry deForest Caiman, Henry L. Dodge, Cleveland Doubleday, George Guggenheim Foundation, The Baldwin, William D. Canfield, George F. Daniel & Florence Ballantine, John Herbert Carlebach, Mr. E. Douglass, Mrs. Benjamin Dorr, John V. N. Guggenheim, Simon Bamberger, Mrs. Ira Leo Carlebach, Mrs. Emil Guinzburg, Mrs. H. A. Barbour, Rev. Robert Carlebach, Walter M. Du Bois, Mrs. Arthur Du Bois, Mrs. Eugene Guinzburg, Mrs. Victor Barthman, William Carnegie Corporation Gurnee, A. C. Barnett, Maurice Carter, Ernest T. Durlack, Mrs. Milton I. Battle, Geo. Gordon "Cash" Dwight, Mrs. Edward Foote Beatty, A. Chester Castles, John W. Haggin, Mrs. Lee Wood Hague, Miss Eleanor Beer, Walter E. Chapman, Mrs. John Jay Ebling, Edward Hammond, Mrs. John Henry Beers, Lucius H. Charity Chest, The Edison, Thomas A. Heinecke, Walter Childs, Richard S. Haney, Edward J, Ehrmann, Mrs. Ernest Hard on, Mrs. Henry Winthrop Beller, A. Childs, Starling W. Eidlitz, Otto M. Harding, J, Horace Benedict, L. Chisholm, George E. Elliott, Dr. John L. Bernheim, Dr. Alice R. Clark, Mabel C. Hayden, Charles Elmhirst, Mrs. L. K. Heide, Henry Bernheim, Geo. G. Coe, George S. Erbsloh, R. Bernheim, Henry J. Coffin, C. A. Erlanger, Abraham Henderson, Mrs. E. C. Bing, Alexander M. Cohen, Arthur J. Evans, H. K. Hendrick, Ellwood Bing, Leo. S. Cohen, Julius Henry Herrmann, Arnold Bliss, Miss Lizzie P. Colgate, William Herzog, Nina D. Blumenthal, Hugo Colcord, Samuel Ferry, Mansfield Hillard, Miss Mary R. Bodenheimer, Henry Conway, Eustace Flagler, Harry Harkness Hirsch, Mrs. Richard Fogg, M. W. Hirschhorn, Mrs. Fred 2S T H E PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE T H E P EOP L E'S I N S T I •r lJ '!' 1; ~1======~-----N Hoffman, Bessie Lord, Franklin B. Hofheimer, L. Lord, George deForest Ordway, Samuel Sachs, Mrs. Samuel Holt, Frank L. Lorsch, Arthur Osborne, Wm. Church Sachs, Samuel House, Grossman & Vorbaus Lorsch, Henry Osborne, Mrs. Wm. Church Sackett, Henry A. Howe, W. Deering Low, Mrs. Seth Sage, Dean Hunter, William T . Ludlum, Cl a rence A. Pagenstecher, Miss Friede Sanderson, Edward F. Lusk, Graham Satterlee, Mrs. Herbert L. Ingalis, G. H. Parish, H enry Satterlee, Herbert L. Ingersoll, Raymond V. Parke, D a vis & Co. Mac Donald, George E. Parsons, M rs. Edgerton Schieffelin, Wm. Jay Ingersoll, Mrs. R. V. Mac Donald, James A. Schiff, Mortimer L. Isaacs, Stanley M. Pearsall, Samuel Mackay, Clarence H. Schnabel, Miss Laura Isham, William Pierele, Buhler & Co., Inc. Macy, V. Everit Penny Foundation, J. C. Scholle, Wm. D. Mankiewitz, Alfred H . Jackson, Percy Perkins, Mrs. Geo rge W. Schwarzenbach, Mrs. R. J . F. Mansfield, Howard Scudder, T. B. James, Philip L. Perkins, Lucy A. Marling, Alfred E. Peters, Wm. R. Seeman, Fred R. James, Mrs. Walter B. Marshall, Louis Jonas, Ralph PI aut, Jose ph Seligman, Eustace Marx, Lawrence Pirie, S. C. Seligman, G eorge W . May, George 0 . Kahn, Otto H. Pos t, Abram S. Seligman, Mrs. Isaac Mayer, Clara W. Potter, Miss G race H. Seligman, J eff erson Kaufman, Edward S. Meigs, Mrs. Ferris J . Kayser, Mrs. J. P ratt, Harold I. Seligsberg, Alfred F. Merrill, C. A., Jr. P ratt, M rs. John T. Shearn, Clarence J. Keech, Mrs. Frank B. Merritt, Mrs. Walter Gordoa Kelsey, Clarence G. Price, J os eph M. Sherman, L. H. Meyer, Eugene P rince, Benj amin Skeel, Mrs. Ro swell, Jr. Kernochan, J. Frederic Meyer, J. P. King, Willard V. Proskauer, Mrs. J oseph M. Slade, Francis Louis Meyer, Walter E. Pulleyn, John J. Sloan, Benson B. Kingsbury, Howard T. Miller, Charles Duncan Kinney, Mrs. L. "A. P ul sifer, N. T. Sloan, Mrs. Wm. D. Milliken, G. H. P utzel, Dr. L. Smith, Ch as. Robin . on Kobn, Emil W. Milliken, Mrs. G. H. Kobnstamm, J osepb Smith, Daniel Cranford Mills, Henry Quincy, Cha rles F. Smith, James A. Kortscbak, Hugo Mitchell, Wesley C. Kunbardt, Wheaton B. Smith, Mrs. R. P enn Morgan, Miss Caroline L. Richards, Geo rge Spencer, Nelso n Moses, Mrs. E. Lamb, Gilbert D. Rivkind, Bess ie Speyer, J ames Muschenheim, Fredk. A. Robinson, Prof. James Harvey Spielberg, II a rold Lamont, Mrs. Thomas W . Munson, Frank C. Lehman, Mrs. Arthur Robson, Mrs. A. Spiva, Dora . McAlpin, Mrs. D. Hunter, Jr. Rockefeller Foundation, Steinway & on Lehman, Herbert McCollester, Parker Leventritt, Rosalie Laura Sp elman Steinway, F r clr rirk ' I , McEwan, Thomas 1 Levi, Mrs. Albert A. Rogers, Miss Frances Stettheimer, Mi ( tr r \ Lewisohn, Adolph Newcomer, George M. Rosenbaum, Selig Stettheimer·, Mi I II Lewisohn, Irene Nichols, Acosta Rosenbe rg, M rs . James D. Stewart, Wrn. 1{. Lewisobn, Sam A. Nichols, Dr. William H. Rosencranz, R. Stokes, Mr l'hrlp Liebman, Charles J. Norton, Mrs. M. D. Herter Rosenthal, Leon W. Stone, Ell~n J, Lockwood, Mrs. E. Ferris Notman, George Rossin, Mrs. Alfred L. Straus , Alhrrl Lord, Edward C. Ogden, Charles W. Stra u , Ch nlr achs, Dr. B. Stra u. , I r r l ~rr 26 27 T H E PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE

Strasburger, Mr. and Mrs. I. Wanamaker Foundation, John Strong, Mrs. J. R. Ward, H. C. Stroock, Joseph Wardwell, Allen Sutro, Lionel Washburn, William Ives Watson, Miss Gertrude Tabar, Miss Mary Wayland, John Elton Taylor, Walter F. Weir, Dorothy Thacher, Mrs. T. D. Wertheim, Mrs. Jacob Thorne, Samuel Wertheimer, Mildred S. Tiffany Studios Whiting, Gertrude Whiting, W. H. Van Benschoten, William H. Wilson, Samuel F. Van Gerbig, Mrs. Barend Winkler, Eli Vogel, Mrs. Edwin C. Wise, Edmond E. Vogelstein, Ludwig Wisner, Elizabeth H. Vorhaus, Louis J. Woerishoffer, Mrs. Anne Warbasse, Mrs. James P. Young, Mrs. A. Murray Warburg, Mrs. Felix M. Young, Owen D. Warburg, Paul M. Walbridge, Henry D. Zabriskie, George

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