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Policing in the Netherlands

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Policing in the Netherlands Policing in the Netherlands Published by Police and Safety Regions Department Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations Postbus 20011 2500 EA Den Haag Tel.: +31 (0)70 426 7551 Internet: www.minbzk.nl Edited by Alexandra Toorman Maris den Engelsman Translated by Translation Department Ministry of Foreign Affairs Production supervised by Information and Communication Department Graphic and Multimedia Services Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations Designed by Lumen Rotterdam (Ab Bol) Copy edited by Chan Blok, Amsterdam Photographs by Harro Meijnen, Algemeen Politieblad KLPD Wiep van Apeldoorn Printed by OBT BV, Den Haag Drukkerij De Bink, Leiden January 2009 95910/3644-GMD11 Contents Foreword 3 2.2.10 Town wardens and special investigating officers 24 1 The Police in Dutch society 7 2.2.11 Voluntary police officers 25 1.1 The police and public safety and 2.2.12 Crisis management, the National security 8 Crisis Centre and the police 26 1.2 Leading role for municipalities 8 2.2.12.1 Crisis management 26 1.3 Core police tasks 8 2.2.12.2 The role of the National Crisis 1.4 Safety regions 9 Centre 26 1.5 Safety and Security Monitor 9 2.2.12.3 Police and crisis management 27 1.6 CCTV 10 2.3 The National Police Services Agency 28 1.7 Community safety partnerships 10 2.3.1 Partners in safety and security for the public and the police 28 2 Organisation of the police 11 2.3.2 Strategic vision 28 2.1 One organisation, twenty-six forces 12 2.3.3 Five operational areas 29 2.1.1 The police: serving two masters 12 2.3.3.1 Combating serious organised crime 2.1.2 Management 13 and terrorism 29 2.1.3 Responsibilities of the ministers 13 2.3.3.2 National and international hub for 2.1.4 Public Prosecution Service 14 information and intelligence 29 2.1.4.1 Investigation 14 2.3.3.3 Monitoring and investigating traffic 2.1.4.2 Prosecution 14 flows 29 2.1.4.3 National Police Internal 2.3.3.4 Operational support 29 Investigations Department 15 2.3.3.5 Surveillance and protection 30 2.1.5 Management for results 16 2.3.4 Management and administration 30 2.1.5.1 Funding 16 2.3.5 The services of the KLPD 30 2.1.5.2 Operational management 16 2.3.5.1 National Crime Squad 30 2.1.5.3 Result-centred agreements 16 2.3.5.1.1 Overall strategy 30 2.2 The police at work 17 2.3.5.2 International Police Intelligence 2.2.1 Police in evolution 17 Department (IPOL) 31 2.2.2 Primary policing 18 2.3.5.3 Specialist Criminal Investigation 2.2.2.1 Traffic 19 Applications Department 32 2.2.2.2 The environment 19 2.3.5.4 Special Intervention Service 32 2.2.3 The maintenance of public order 20 2.3.5.5 Traffic Police 33 2.2.4 Regional police teams 21 2.3.5.6 Water Police 34 2.2.4.1 Arrest teams 21 2.3.5.7 Railway Police 34 2.2.4.2 Observation teams 21 2.3.5.8 Aviation Police 35 2.2.4.3 Large-Scale Operations Teams 21 2.3.5.9 Operations Support and 2.2.4.4 Sex offences 22 Coordination Department 35 2.2.5 Criminal investigations 22 2.3.5.10 Mounted Police and Police Dogs 2.2.6 National Crime Squad 22 Service 36 2.2.7 Intelligence services 22 2.3.5.11 Royalty and Diplomatic Protection 2.2.8 Aliens Police (VP) 23 Department 36 2.2.8.1 Cooperation with the Repatriation 2.4 Weapons and equipment 37 and Departure Service (DT&V) 23 2.4.1 Standard-issue weapons and 2.2.9 Information management in the equipment 37 regional police forces 23 2.4.2 Use of weapons and force 37 2.2.9.1 Information exchange 23 2.4.3 Special weapons and equipment 38 2.2.9.2 Communications between the fire, ambulance and police services 24 3 Police Cooperation Facility (vtsPN) 39 8.2.3 Prüm Convention 55 3.1 What does the vtsPN do? 40 8.2.4 Joint investigation teams (JITs) 55 3.2 Logistics and Distribution Unit 40 8.2.5 European Police College (CEPOL) 56 3.3 NPI administrative support 40 8.2.6 European Police Chiefs Task Force (EPCTF) 56 4 Royal Military and Border Police 41 8.3 Bilateral cooperation 56 4.1 Civilian tasks 42 8.4 Global cooperation 56 4.2 Military tasks 42 8.5 Postings 56 4.3 Schiphol Airport 42 9 Police cooperation within the Kingdom of 5 Recruitment, selection, training and the Netherlands 57 knowledge 43 5.1 Coherent system of police training 44 Ranks 59 5.2 Police College 44 5.2.1 Partners 44 5.2.1.1 Ministries 44 5.2.1.2 Police forces 44 5.2.1.3 Police Training Council and Police Knowledge Council 45 5.2.1.4 Supervisory Board 45 5.3 Police College’s tasks 45 5.3.1 Recruitment and selection 45 5.3.2 Recognition of prior learning 45 5.3.3 Initial training 45 5.3.4 Post-initial training 46 5.3.5 Examination 46 5.3.6 Knowledge 46 5.3.7 International developments 46 5.4 Career development 47 5.4.1 National Management Development Agency for Police and Fire Services 47 5.5 Ethnic and cultural diversity 47 6 Labour relations 49 6.1 Terms and conditions of employment and legal status 50 6.2 Employee participation 50 6.3 Modernisation of terms and conditions of employment 50 7 The Public Order and Safety Inspectorate 51 8 International Police Cooperation 53 8.1 International Police Intelligence Department 54 8.2 European Union 54 8.2.1 Europol 54 8.2.2 Schengen Agreement 55 Foreword The police occupy a central position in society and I can also live with the possibility that some of this are constantly adapting to meet the demands made edition’s contents may be superseded by the many on them by politicians and the public. changes that await us, because I am confident This makes it almost impossible to produce a that the staff of my ministry and the Dutch police brochure that will still be up to date when it is services will be able to provide you with the latest published. Why then should we try to give you an information whenever you require it. up-to-date picture of policing in the Netherlands? Mrs. Dr. G. ter Horst First, because there is considerable demand for the brochure – this is the third edition. Although the brochure is intended primarily for external use, it is also used by the police themselves, government ministries, the Public Prosecution Service, and educational institutions. For a worldwide Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations readership, we publish the brochure in several languages. Dutch police officers visiting abroad often use the foreign language versions as a calling card – and as a reference guide when answering foreign counterparts’ questions. Another, more important reason for publishing this brochure is the growing importance of international police cooperation. As the minister responsible for policing in the Netherlands and a member of the EU Justice and Home Affairs Council, I am concerned with this issue every day. Without international cooperation, we would lack the strength to fight organised crime, we would be unable to recognise new threats, and we would miss the opportunity to learn from each other’s experience. Research shows that international differences in legislation hamper cooperation. That is why I advocate removing unnecessary differences. In the EU, we are making good progress towards doing so, for instance within the framework of the Prüm Convention. Just as great an obstacle is our inadequate knowledge of each other’s organisational structures, languages and working methods. I hope that this new edition will improve this state of affairs. 5 6 1 The Police in Dutch society The police work in a changing society. They operate The country’s population of some 16 million at the heart of a multicultural, innovative society includes around 3 million people of non-Dutch undergoing constant change – including in the origin. In the cities, one in every three schoolchildren relations between citizens and public authorities. is expected to come from a minority background by What is more, they operate differently in cities and 2020. the country. So we first need to look at the social system in which the Dutch police operate. The Netherlands is a parliamentary democracy with many representatives, participation models, With Rotterdam one of the world’s largest ports, and organs of the state. The police service is an the Netherlands is a modern and technologically implementing body, with a monopoly on the use advanced part of Europe. It has 443 municipalities, of force. But like other organs of the state, it has to but no real metropolis. Amsterdam has a operate within the law. If necessary, police actions population of 743,000, Rotterdam 585,000, can be reviewed by the independent judiciary. The Hague 474,000, and Utrecht 288,000 (summer 2008 figures). 7 1.1 The police and public safety and security Another example of public-private cooperation is the Foundation for Tackling Vehicle Crime, which Ensuring public safety and security is a core task for over ten years has been successfully combining of government.
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