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Analysis Techno-Socio-Economic Results of Capture Fisheries Fish Shrinkage Mackarel Tuna (Euthynnus Affinis) in Water District Pamengpeuk Garut

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Analysis Techno-Socio-Economic Results of Capture Fisheries Fish Shrinkage Mackarel Tuna (Euthynnus Affinis) in Water District Pamengpeuk Garut GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 210 GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019, Online: ISSN 2320-9186 www.globalscientificjournal.com ANALYSIS TECHNO-SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESULTS OF CAPTURE FISHERIES FISH SHRINKAGE MACKAREL TUNA (EUTHYNNUS AFFINIS) IN WATER DISTRICT PAMENGPEUK GARUT Abdullah Naufal Luthfi1, Atikah Nurhayati2, Subiyanto2, Asep Agus Handaka2 1) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Padjadjaran 2) Staff Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Padjadjaran Fisheries Studies Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Padjadjaran Jl. Raya Bandung - Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 40600 E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze Techno-Socio-Economic Losses of Fisheries Catch Mackarel Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) in the waters of Pameungpeuk Garut, This research was conducted in January until the month of July 2019 in Garut. The method used is a case study (case study) and surveys. Respondents retrieval techniques used in this research is a snowball sampling technique. Snowball sampling is a method for identifying, selecting and taking respondents on a network or chain of ongoing relationships, the selection of key informants who were randomly assigned to provide information in accordance with the purpose of research. Analysis of the data used in this research using Likert Scale and Multiple Linear Regression in data processing techniques, the authors use a scale of measurement obtained from the respondents. The results showed thatThe most significant factor affecting the amount of shrinkage of the Mackarel Tuna catchesin waters Pameungpeuk Garut which is sorting fish in fish sorting is done in terms of the quality grading, shelf life and size of fish, Keywords: Mackarel Tuna Fish, Fishing, Fish Lost GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 211 INTRODUCTION consisting of 21 126 men and 20 752 Garut Regency is located at women, with the number of households by position 6o57'34 "LS - 7o44'57" LS and 12 513 households, with the number of 107o24'3 "BT - 108o24'34" BT. Garut has inhabitants or household members per the administrative area of 306,519 hectares household between 3 to 4 people. This (3065.19 km²) with the ocean and the obviously greatly affect the burden of beach. Garut has a long coastline that every household, dependents of the stretches approximately 80 km in the household, southern region includes the District Fish resources is a resource that can Caringin, Mekarmukti, Bungbulang, be recovered (renewable resources) and Pakenjeng, Cikelet, Pameungpeuk and based on marine habitats can be broadly Cibalong. South beach Garut is one area divided into two groups, namely the type that is included in the Regional Fisheries of pelagic and demersal fish. Pelagic fish Management Zone or WPP-RI 573, are a group of fish that are on the surface covering the Indian Ocean. Bodies layer to the water column and has a main Pameungpeuk is one area that is included characteristic, namely in the move always in the Regional Fisheries Management form schools (schooling) and migrate to Zone (WPP) 573 (Regulation of the various necessities of life. Pelagic fish by Minister of Marine and Fisheries No.01 / size can be divided into two parts, namely MEN / 2009). the large pelagic fish, such as the type of Fish resources in coastal Garut Mackarel Tuna, skipjack, Mackarel Tuna, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) with an and others, as well as small pelagic fish, area of 28 560 km2 ± arrest. Commonly such as flying fish, anchovies, mackerel, caught fish include Mackarel Tuna, and others. This classification is intended mackerels, Mackarel Tuna, squid, layur, to facilitate the use and management, due snapper, black pomfret, grouper, baronang, to the different character of the activity of shark bottle and lobster. Besides fish, there both groups of these fishes (Nelwan 2004). is also a considerable potential seaweed Mackarel Tuna (Auxis thazard) is a (Department of Livestock Fisheries and large migratory pelagic through the waters Marine Garut 2013). Pameungpeuk district of the Indian Ocean in search of food and has an area of approximately 4176.1 Ha2. warmer temperatures. The population of The population of District Pameungpeuk swordfish in the waters of the southern in 2017 as many as 41 878 people, Garut always there throughout the year due to the availability of sufficient food GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 212 resources. In the food chain, food swordfish monsoon). The fishing communities in are anchovies and squid (Widajanti et al., Pameungpeuk generally catch Mackarel 2004). Fisheries included in economic Tuna which is the dominant species of fish activity is unusual, no one can predict the caught in waters Binuangeun (TPI production of fishery products because it is Cilautereun 2012). However, efforts are still a very complex, so that the system of not optimal utilization. In determining the fisheries under uncertainty. According to fishing (fishing ground), fishermen Charles (2001), there are two sources of generally still use natural instinct to hunt uncertainty in the fishery system that is the manner (hunting) schools of fish, so that the source of a natural and derived from human fishing effort is less effective and efficient. sources and management. The level of uncertainty of the catch is quite Mackarel Tuna has an important high, because the fishermen do not know the economic value and dominant in the waters potential sites for fishing. of the southern Garut and can be a source of The majority of fisheries activities in the income for local communities to improve area of PPP Cilauteureun Pameungpeuk their quality of life. However, fishery district including small-scale fisheries. One resources and marine very complex, where characteristic of fishing activities carried out the nature of the resources is very fugitive small-scale fishing is the use of technology resource (resource moved on), the and equipment in fishing still modest and complexity of the biological and physical limited to the fishing area (fishing ground) is water, as well as the right of ownership limited in the area around the beach. In (common property resource), so that the contrast to the pattern of other businesses, interaction of these factors result in revenue from the work done by fishermen possibility of overfishing, the decline in the tend to be irregular. Fishermen in the stock of resources, ecological damage, operations has never had an idea of the which in turn greatly affect the lives of amount of revenue to be earned. Fishing effort for fishermen is the art of hunting that fishermen (Sinulingga 2009). is difficult to predict the outcome. One day, The number of fishermen in the District fishermen have big revenue at the time of the Pameungpeuk in 2016 amounted to 970 season when the west but east monsoon people (Garut District Agriculture Office (famine) fishermen have no income at all 2016). Fishing activities take place (Najib 2000). In terms of human resources, throughout the year with the harvest during the majority of small-scale fishery business the months of June to September (east has not been supported by a skilled workforce GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 213 and educated, generally only graduated from this sector of the fishing effort. The condition elementary school (SD) armed with the skills becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects acquired from generation to generation. In of fishermen to increase the scale of business, terms of any capital, faced with the difficulty as a source of capital comes mostly from its of fishing effort to access capital from the own capital, family or relatives banking sector due to the low confidence of (Koeshendrajana 2015). fishing effort faced this sector of the fishing effort. The condition with difficulties to access capital from the becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects banking sector due to the low confidence of of fishermen to increase the scale of business, this sector of the fishing effort. The condition as a source of capital comes mostly from its becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects own capital, family or relatives of fishermen to increase the scale of business, (Koeshendrajana 2015). the majority of as a source of capital comes mostly from its small-scale fishery business has not been own capital, family or relatives supported by a skilled workforce and (Koeshendrajana 2015). fishing effort faced educated, generally only graduated from with difficulties to access capital from the elementary school (SD) armed with the skills banking sector due to the low confidence of acquired from generation to generation. In this sector of the fishing effort. The condition terms of any capital, faced with the difficulty becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects of fishing effort to access capital from the of fishermen to increase the scale of business, banking sector due to the low confidence of as a source of capital comes mostly from its this sector of the fishing effort. The condition own capital, family or relatives becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects (Koeshendrajana 2015). of fishermen to increase the scale of business, Some of the risks inherent in the fishery as a source of capital comes mostly from its business can be classified into natural risk, own capital, family or relatives price risk and technology risk. Natural risk, (Koeshendrajana 2015). the majority of namely the risk due to natural conditions, is small-scale fishery business has not been usually the factor that causes production risks supported by a skilled workforce and such as the occurrence of a storm or cyclone; educated, generally only graduated from price risk, namely the price of the catch is not elementary school (SD) armed with the skills as expected, it can also occur because there is acquired from generation to generation.
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