Analysis Techno-Socio-Economic Results of Capture Fisheries Fish Shrinkage Mackarel Tuna (Euthynnus Affinis) in Water District Pamengpeuk Garut

GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 210

GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019, Online: ISSN 2320-9186 www.globalscientificjournal.com

ANALYSIS TECHNO-SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESULTS OF CAPTURE FISHERIES FISH SHRINKAGE MACKAREL TUNA (EUTHYNNUS AFFINIS) IN WATER DISTRICT PAMENGPEUK GARUT

Abdullah Naufal Luthfi1, Atikah Nurhayati2, Subiyanto2, Asep Agus Handaka2 1) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Padjadjaran 2) Staff Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Padjadjaran Fisheries Studies Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Padjadjaran Jl. Raya Bandung - Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 40600 E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze Techno-Socio-Economic Losses of Fisheries Catch Mackarel Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) in the waters of Pameungpeuk Garut, This research was conducted in January until the month of July 2019 in Garut. The method used is a case study (case study) and surveys. Respondents retrieval techniques used in this research is a snowball sampling technique. Snowball sampling is a method for identifying, selecting and taking respondents on a network or chain of ongoing relationships, the selection of key informants who were randomly assigned to provide information in accordance with the purpose of research. Analysis of the data used in this research using Likert Scale and Multiple Linear Regression in data processing techniques, the authors use a scale of measurement obtained from the respondents. The results showed thatThe most significant factor affecting the amount of shrinkage of the Mackarel Tuna catchesin waters Pameungpeuk Garut which is sorting fish in fish sorting is done in terms of the quality grading, shelf life and size of fish,

Keywords: Mackarel Tuna Fish, Fishing, Fish Lost

INTRODUCTION consisting of 21 126 men and 20 752 Garut Regency is located at women, with the number of households by position 6o57'34 "LS - 7o44'57" LS and 12 513 households, with the number of 107o24'3 "BT - 108o24'34" BT. Garut has inhabitants or household members per the administrative area of 306,519 hectares household between 3 to 4 people. This (3065.19 km²) with the ocean and the obviously greatly affect the burden of beach. Garut has a long coastline that every household, dependents of the stretches approximately 80 km in the household, southern region includes the District Fish resources is a resource that can Caringin, Mekarmukti, Bungbulang, be recovered (renewable resources) and Pakenjeng, Cikelet, Pameungpeuk and based on marine habitats can be broadly Cibalong. South beach Garut is one area divided into two groups, namely the type that is included in the Regional Fisheries of pelagic and demersal fish. Pelagic fish Management Zone or WPP-RI 573, are a group of fish that are on the surface covering the Indian Ocean. Bodies layer to the water column and has a main Pameungpeuk is one area that is included characteristic, namely in the move always in the Regional Fisheries Management form schools (schooling) and migrate to Zone (WPP) 573 (Regulation of the various necessities of life. Pelagic fish by Minister of Marine and Fisheries No.01 / size can be divided into two parts, namely MEN / 2009). the large pelagic fish, such as the type of Fish resources in coastal Garut Mackarel Tuna, skipjack, Mackarel Tuna, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) with an and others, as well as small pelagic fish, area of 28 560 km2 ± arrest. Commonly such as flying fish, anchovies, mackerel, caught fish include Mackarel Tuna, and others. This classification is intended mackerels, Mackarel Tuna, squid, layur, to facilitate the use and management, due snapper, black pomfret, grouper, baronang, to the different character of the activity of shark bottle and lobster. Besides fish, there both groups of these fishes (Nelwan 2004). is also a considerable potential seaweed Mackarel Tuna (Auxis thazard) is a (Department of Livestock Fisheries and large migratory pelagic through the waters Marine Garut 2013). Pameungpeuk district of the Indian Ocean in search of food and has an area of approximately 4176.1 Ha2. warmer temperatures. The population of The population of District Pameungpeuk swordfish in the waters of the southern in 2017 as many as 41 878 people, Garut always there throughout the year due to the availability of sufficient food

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 212 resources. In the food chain, food swordfish monsoon). The fishing communities in are anchovies and squid (Widajanti et al., Pameungpeuk generally catch Mackarel 2004). Fisheries included in economic Tuna which is the dominant species of fish activity is unusual, no one can predict the caught in waters Binuangeun (TPI production of fishery products because it is Cilautereun 2012). However, efforts are still a very complex, so that the system of not optimal utilization. In determining the fisheries under uncertainty. According to fishing (fishing ground), fishermen Charles (2001), there are two sources of generally still use natural instinct to hunt uncertainty in the fishery system that is the manner (hunting) schools of fish, so that the source of a natural and derived from human fishing effort is less effective and efficient. sources and management. The level of uncertainty of the catch is quite Mackarel Tuna has an important high, because the fishermen do not know the economic value and dominant in the waters potential sites for fishing. of the southern Garut and can be a source of The majority of fisheries activities in the income for local communities to improve area of PPP Cilauteureun Pameungpeuk their quality of life. However, fishery district including small-scale fisheries. One resources and marine very complex, where characteristic of fishing activities carried out the nature of the resources is very fugitive small-scale fishing is the use of technology resource (resource moved on), the and equipment in fishing still modest and complexity of the biological and physical limited to the fishing area (fishing ground) is water, as well as the right of ownership limited in the area around the beach. In (common property resource), so that the contrast to the pattern of other businesses, interaction of these factors result in revenue from the work done by fishermen possibility of overfishing, the decline in the tend to be irregular. Fishermen in the stock of resources, ecological damage, operations has never had an idea of the which in turn greatly affect the lives of amount of revenue to be earned. Fishing effort for fishermen is the art of hunting that fishermen (Sinulingga 2009). is difficult to predict the outcome. One day, The number of fishermen in the District fishermen have big revenue at the time of the Pameungpeuk in 2016 amounted to 970 season when the west but east monsoon people (Garut District Agriculture Office (famine) fishermen have no income at all 2016). Fishing activities take place (Najib 2000). In terms of human resources, throughout the year with the harvest during the majority of small-scale fishery business the months of June to September (east has not been supported by a skilled workforce

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 213 and educated, generally only graduated from this sector of the fishing effort. The condition elementary school (SD) armed with the skills becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects acquired from generation to generation. In of fishermen to increase the scale of business, terms of any capital, faced with the difficulty as a source of capital comes mostly from its of fishing effort to access capital from the own capital, family or relatives banking sector due to the low confidence of (Koeshendrajana 2015). fishing effort faced this sector of the fishing effort. The condition with difficulties to access capital from the becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects banking sector due to the low confidence of of fishermen to increase the scale of business, this sector of the fishing effort. The condition as a source of capital comes mostly from its becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects own capital, family or relatives of fishermen to increase the scale of business, (Koeshendrajana 2015). the majority of as a source of capital comes mostly from its small-scale fishery business has not been own capital, family or relatives supported by a skilled workforce and (Koeshendrajana 2015). fishing effort faced educated, generally only graduated from with difficulties to access capital from the elementary school (SD) armed with the skills banking sector due to the low confidence of acquired from generation to generation. In this sector of the fishing effort. The condition terms of any capital, faced with the difficulty becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects of fishing effort to access capital from the of fishermen to increase the scale of business, banking sector due to the low confidence of as a source of capital comes mostly from its this sector of the fishing effort. The condition own capital, family or relatives becomes one barrier socio-economic aspects (Koeshendrajana 2015). of fishermen to increase the scale of business, Some of the risks inherent in the fishery as a source of capital comes mostly from its business can be classified into natural risk, own capital, family or relatives price risk and technology risk. Natural risk, (Koeshendrajana 2015). the majority of namely the risk due to natural conditions, is small-scale fishery business has not been usually the factor that causes production risks supported by a skilled workforce and such as the occurrence of a storm or cyclone; educated, generally only graduated from price risk, namely the price of the catch is not elementary school (SD) armed with the skills as expected, it can also occur because there is acquired from generation to generation. In a game middlemen or abundance of the catch; terms of any capital, faced with the difficulty technology risk, namely the changes that of fishing effort to access capital from the occur by the rapid advances in technology, it banking sector due to the low confidence of can also encourage the emergence of

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 214 uncertainty both on the production and the increase the risk of loss if the appropriate price (Ritonga 2004). One of the risks in treatment is not carried out until the stage of losses to fishing is fishing or post-harvest loss product distribution to the end consumer. of fish (PHF) is a decrease in the number of From the above events can be fishery resources that can be consumed, underlined the need for precise handling to occurs within the distribution chain reduce losses, it aims to increase the supply marketing, associated with the input capture of fish to meet the needs of fish stocks at the fisheries production, post-harvest handling, same time consumption implement a better processing and marketing (collecting traders, management system, not only to increase the wholesale and retail). Depreciation result in value of the catch alone. The most obvious post-harvest fisheries are common and cause way to increase the supply of fish, even losses for fishermen, depreciation results in a without an increase in landings, is to reduce loss of post-harvest fisheries are the result of the loss of what is currently captured, further including the physical state of fish stocks, the attention should be given to reducing losses financial losses and the quality of the catch. (Nurhayati et al. 2018) In a supply chain at every stage can Therefore, the effort to reduce or occur a loss, of post-harvest to the consumer. prevent the loss can not be separated from the From preproduction, production, management condition of a number of factors, which can to marketing structured in a series of fishing be categorized as a factor of socio-techno- activities carried out within a system of economic. With this in mind, the purpose of fishery business. In the early stages of pre- this study is to analyze the factors that affect production, the characteristics of seasonal the shrinkage of fisheries, focusing on three fishery products cause post-harvest losses aspects, namely social and economic during the arrest. Due to the production level engineering. of fishing is generally fluctuates and depends RESEARCH METHODS on weather patterns arrest the imbalance Place and Time Research between demand and supply was also an Research has been conducted in increase in stock supply of fishery products Garut, in the institution - the following during the peak season, so the absorption of agencies; Department of Fisheries Garut the crops in the market decreased by Regency, Fish Market, and PPP Cilautereun. penururan accompanied by consumer prices. This research process will be conducted from This is a frequent case in the pre-production January to July 2019 stage. At the production stage to marketing, product characteristics perishable fishery

Data Collection Methods RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The method used in this research is a Condition Aspects of Capture Fisheries case study (case study) and surveys with unit Technology case at the fish auction (TPI) in the area of Conditions technological aspects of Water Pameungpeuk, Garut. fisheries in District Pameungpeuk conducted to determine how the condition of the various Respondents retrieval method aspects that influence each fishing activity Respondents retrieval techniques used takes place, to be seen circumstances, in this research is a snowball sampling function and sustainability in fisheries. technique. Respondents consisted of a group Analysis of fisheries technology is seen from of fishermen, traders and consumers. three factors conditions include: Condition of Exploratory Pendeketan Fish Loss fisheries vessels, fishing gear and handling Assessment Method (EFLAM) adapted as the conditions fish catching results calculated questions in the survey. using a Likert scale withinterpretation of the Data analysis method score is based on the interval number 0% - Analysis of the data used in this 19.99% is not good, the figure of 20% - research using Likert Scale in a data- 39.99% less, the rate of 40% - 59.99% is processing technique, the author uses a scale good enough, the figure of 60% - 79.99% of measurements obtained from the better, and figure 80 % - 100% excellent, respondents in this research is the Likert scale Fishing Vessel Condition with the formula index% and using the Results of capture fisheries production in Sub interpretation of a score based on the interval Pameungpeuk certainly influenced by the according to table 2, and is researching non- performance of ships, machinery and other experimental wherein the analysis used a necessary requirements in fisheries activities, descriptive quantitative. Analysis of the data therefore the analysis of the condition of consists of data editing, tabulation and these things need to be known condition. percentages set forth in the form of tables and Based on the results of field observations in graphs. Operational variables studied are District Pameungpeuk overall fishing boat based on the analysis of the factors that affect outboard engine with engine sizes 15-40 PK, the loss of fish based on aspects of the with the ship vessel sizewhich has a length of Techno-Socio-Economics. 9 meters, width of 1.2 meters and a height of 80 centimeter (P = 9m; L = 1,20m; T =

80cm). Umumya outboard engine is a type of

2-stroke motot, whose characteristics are easy the groove along the harbor silting, caused to install and easy release of the ship and also by sediment supply from the shore. Silting in operation (Soenarta 1995). process often caused by changes in the Table 1. Conditions Fishing Boat balance of coastal areas diakibatkkan by Variable Conditions human activities such as the development No. Index Ships of land areas along the coast and Condition of the ship 1 69.5 construction of coastal structures to be one in arrests factor contributing to the silting (L. Arifin Conditions catching 2003). 2 vessels run time 65 engine Figure 1. Graph Catching Vessel The size of the ship Condition 3 and boat engines in 53 80 69.5 65 the catch 60 53 52.5 35 Availability of 40 4 52.5 supporting tools arrest 20

Pertanyaan 0 Port state fishing (%) Terjawab 1 2 3 4 5 5 35 vessels Pertanyaan

Average - Average Index 55 In Figure 9 graph above shows that

the state of the fishing vessel port at the lower In Table 1 above shows that the end when compared with the availability of condition of the ship's fisheries District supporting tools arrest, the size of the ship Pameungpeuk analyzed according to the and boat engines in catches, catching boat condition of the vessel in the arrest, arrest engine condition when it is run and the the ship's engine condition while running, condition of the vessel in making arrests. and engine size of the ship in the results, Condition of catching vessels have the the availability of supporting tools arrest highest index value with a value of 69.5, and port state fishing vessel having the which means in good condition. mean average index of 55, which means in fairly good condition. But at the state port Catching Vessel Condition fishing vessel has an index value 35.00, Fishing gear is also a primary which means less good and it is the lowest requirement required by fishermen in the index value compared with other indices. arrest, therefore it is necessary also the review This is because the state of the fishing of the use of fishing gear used by fishermen vessel port deteriorating situation is with of both aspects of eligibility, conditions and

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 217 sustainability. Based on observations in the Conditions fishing gear in District field of fishing gear used by fishermen in Pameungpeuk has custody has an index Pameungpeuk ranging from fishing gear, value of 72.5 which is said to be good, it is sirang nets, gill nets and nets indecent. because most fishermen in Pameungpeuk Pameungpeuk fishing gear used by fishermen pertiap replace his fishing gear or a fishing in the fishing season is in the summer, such as season can be said to make the turn gear Mackarel Tuna which are caught by gill net annually. Prices gear in fishing trip needs fishing gear or obscene also has a good index value of 66 due in Table 2. Condition Capture Device accordance with the needs of fishermen Variable Conditions who only buy the fishing gear to his needs No. Index Capture Device pertiap fishing season only. Prices gear Conditions fishing 1 77.5 also supported along with the effectiveness gear of the fishing gear used to catch swordfish The effectiveness of 2 68 based index value of 68. The effectiveness the fishing gear of fishing gear seen from the value of Determination of 3 rules of use of 56.5 production of Mackarel Tuna fishing with fishing gear fishermen production results in the fishing Prices of fishing gear season can produce a minimum of 50kg- 4 are in accordance 66 100kg Mackarel Tuna once to trip. The with the needs average yield indices obtained on the Maintenance of 5 72.5 condition of fishing gear with a value of fishing gear 68.1 means fishing gear used in the Average - Average Index 68.1 District Pameungpeuk in good condition. According to the table 9 above conditions Pameungpeuk District fishing gear Figure 2. Graph Capture Tool Condition to the determination of regulations fishing

100 77.5 72.5 80 68 66 gears have unfavorable index value with a 56.5 60 value of 56.5. This is because according to 40 20 Pertanyaan

the fishermen Pameungpeuk themselves are % Terjawab 0 still many fishermen are using prohibited 1 2 3 4 5 fishing gear and arresting protected species, Pertanyaan therefore its index value can be said to be less In Figure 2 above shows that the well adoption of legislation is lowest in fishing gears have a value of 56.5 and has the highest

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 218 index value is in the condition of fishing gear Table 3. Fish Handling Conditions 77.5. Among the lowest and highest value of Variable Handling No. Index the index is no value next to each other is not Fish much different from an index value of the Handling of fish by 1 fishermen in 67 effectiveness of gear with the price of fishing accordance with SOP gear that has an index value of 68 and 66. Fulfillment of tools 2 and materials in the 71.5 Fish Handling Conditions handling of fish Handling fresh fish is one important part The quality of the fish 3 64.5 of the chain of fisheries indrustri. Handling of when landed in ports sea fish basically consists of two phases, Fishing knowledge namely the handling on ships carried out by 4 about the handling is 85.5 good and right fishermen and ground handling is done by collectors. Fish is a commodity which is Handling the fish continues to run well 5 78.5 susceptible to damage and deterioration. The in the absence of Fish importance of quality of fishery products Auction Sites listed in 52A / KEPMEN-KP 2013 is the Average - Average Index 73.4 implementation of cold chain system (cold Based on the above table 3 fish Shain system) since the fish were on board. In handling condition variable has an average addition to fishing vessels and gear handling index value of 73.4 means by fishermen in of fish are also important factors in fish handling Pameungpeuk treatment is minimizing terjadina shrinkage or loss results good and effective. Can be considered in Mackarel Tuna fisheries. Under conditions effective and have good views of data of fish handling consists of a range of from field observations showed shrinkage variables including: Handling of fish by value low yields of about 5% -30% of the fishermen sesuaai with the SOP, the total catch. fulfillment dakam tools and materials Figure 3. Fish Handling Conditions handling, 100 85.5 78.5 71.5 80 67 64.5 60

40 20 Pertanyaan Terjawab % Terjawab 0 1 2 3 4 5 Pertanyaan

In Figure 3 above the highest index at 85.5

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 219 with a variable value of the knowledge of for junior high and high school / fishermen on fish handling is good and vocational 15%. Based on the right, it is supported for collectors only questionnaire found that most fishermen receive the catch in fresh condition it and are not too serious in school because they cause fishermen should be able to know prefer to work and there is a cost issue for how to keep their catch swordfish hasi fear of a troublesome burden on families if fresh on the Saar landed. This is consistent the children in school, fishing in with the calculation results of interviews to Pameungpeuk has diverse work fishermen in Pameungpeuk District. experience, where work experience is lowest on work experience during the 1- Social Aspects condition Fishing 10 years with a percentage of 25% and Social conditions there the longest experience in> 41 years Sociodemographic derived from the social with a percentage of only 2%. Work and demographic, social where experience with the highest percentage is nondemografi having components such as in 11-20 years of work experience. Based education, employment, and others. on the questionnaire found that most Demography is the study of residents in an fishermen are not too serious in school area, especially regarding the amount, because they prefer to work and there is a structure (age, religion, gender, etc.) as cost issue for fear of a troublesome burden well as the process of change (births, on families if the children in school, deaths, marriages, etc.). Fishermen in fishing in Pameungpeuk has diverse work Pameungpeuk District has a diverse age, experience, where work experience is education level and work experience is lowest on work experience during the 1- different. Pameungpeuk fishing conditions 10 years with a percentage of 25% and in the district are as follows: the highest there the longest experience in> 41 years age group of fishermen in Pameungpeuk is with a percentage of only 2%. Work 51-65 years with a percentage of 33% and experience with the highest percentage is the lowest percentage is in the age of 30- in 11-20 years of work experience. Based 35 years with a percentage of 10%. Age of on the questionnaire found that most fishermen can affect the level of fishing fishermen are not too serious in school experience in carrying out fishing because they prefer to work and there is a activities, Pameungpeuk fishermen cost issue for fear of a troublesome burden dominated education graduates at primary on families if the children in school, school level by 68% and amounted to 18% fishing in Pameungpeuk has diverse work

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 220 experience, where work experience is government agencies such as the lowest on work experience during the 1- Department or Ministry , It was the other 10 years with a percentage of 25% and way around where if the government there the longest experience in> 41 years provides assistance intansi the Rukun with a percentage of only 2%. Work group fisherman who became a bridge experience with the highest percentage is between fishermen and governments. in 11-20 years of work experience. where Social Conflict Conditions Fishermen work experience is lowest in 1-10 years The results of the questionnaires is experience working with a percentage of known that the conflict was found on the 25% and there the longest experience in> implementation of the fishing effort gill 41 years with a percentage of only 2%. net fishing gear and nets indecent. Work experience with the highest Conflicts caused by the operation of gill percentage is in 11-20 years of work net fishing adverse indecent. Technical experience. where work experience is operation of the gill net is to spread it out lowest in 1-10 years experience working and let it float on the water surface with with a percentage of 25% and there the the aid of a float, while net sirang operated longest experience in> 41 years with a bottom of the ballast underneath and rope percentage of only 2%. Work experience ris as buoys and markers so that when the with the highest percentage is in 11-20 gill net operated following the ocean years of work experience. currents can be caught in the rope ris

buoys nets sirang and resulting in Institutional Social Conditions of severance bookmark at the same rope rope Fishermen nets pelampug sirang so there was ghost Of all fishermen who were fishing, in the absence of accountability of respondents in Pameungpeuk entirely gill net fishing net loss sirang, become active members of the group Fishermen and middlemen are Rukun Fisherman. Awareness of the interconnected in fishing activities, the importance of the information is in the middlemen as financiers would be the group of fishermen that the reference they main subject of fishermen to make the trip. are to take part in the group, one of the Capital provided middleman in the form of functions of the group Pillars of Fishermen ships, fishing equipment or logistics such It is to become a bridge or mediator as gasoline, food or ice cubes. It is between the voices and aspirations of the arguably beneficial for fishermen because fishermen on world fisheries with

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 221 of the lack of investors or cooperatives that each collectors have different prices with a can be lent by fishermen. But it is also price range of Rp 7,500 to Rp 15,000 / kg. impacted by the sale price of fish is Revenue per each fisherman is sometimes up and down, sometimes obtained by calculations based on the middlemen buy fish caught by fishermen sharing system that is applied between the with low prices and are not in accordance owner of the ship with the crew. Profit- with the issued capital of fishermen. sharing system applied is the ratio between the ship owner and crew to value ratio of Economic Conditions Fishing 40:60. The division obtained by dividing Average catches of swordfish in the net profit of the ship that is raman / the District Pameungpeuk current fishing production value less costs in one trip. season in one trip can menghasilakn 100 Income of fishermen classified into two kg of Mackarel Tuna. Catches of groups: group revenues of more than 2 swordfish are influenced by the seasons, million / month and less than 2,000,000 / fishing areas, the number of fishing gear month. The difference is due to the and the large capacity of the ship. Total diversity of the work of fishermen in catch average-sized vessels 15 HP Pameungpeuk. Income for fishermen is in outboard engine is ± 100 Kg. Fishermen group> 2,000,000 / month is a fisherman catch landed is immediately taken to a who has dual professions such as middleman for sale. entrepreneurship, farming, farming or Revenue per vessel is influenced tourism workers. by the amount of catches of Mackarel Tuna and Mackarel Tuna selling price per Analysis Marketing Channels kilogram (kg). Tongol commodity prices Swordfish in the marketing channel fluctuate depending on the season and the is the channel most Pameungeuk short amount of production in kilograms cob. because it is not through a group or The greater the production / stock retailers. This channel is only involve swordfish then the selling price will be fishermen were a bit much given capital by cheaper as well as vice versa. collectors, so that the catch directly given The results of the questionnaire to the mediator, while the mediator is very showed differences in income among thorough in terms of treatment, sorting and fishermen value is also influenced by grading of fish, so the fish are sold to large whom the Mackarel Tuna was sold for traders say the quality is good, wholesalers

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 222 do not sell fish to retailers but directly to alleged that the amount of shrinkage of the final consumer or market. fish catches in District Pameungpeuk tends Analysis of Factors Affecting Results to increase, which is influenced by the Losses decrease in fish handling such as poor Table 4. Factors Affecting Result Losses quality of fish, lack of sorting the fish Coefficient standard during the fishing season that also affect s ized Mackarel Tuna prices in the market. unstandar Coefficie Si Model T dized nts g. Broadly speaking, the amount of shrinkage Std. B beta of the result of this increase will be Error , influenced - penduganya factors or Const 57.2 14.9 3,838 00 ant 58 20 0 independent variables. , Qualit -, -, To value the significance of the results, 2,478 -, 004 98 y fish 039 016 7 will be based on the extent used, in this The , study the level of significance or value of price -, -, 1,934 -, 012 94 of 134 069 5 α used was 0.05 or 5%. From the results of fish size - the smaller significance of α is sorting the -, 61 of 1.01 2,021 -, 088 504 8 fish for, it means sorting fish 017 is the fish 8 - , independent variable that significantly Shelf -, 1.42 2,310 -, 136 54 Life 618 8 1 affect the amount of shrinkage results in

1 Pameungpeuk District. Unlike the other independent variables that have a value No. variables t Count greater significance dibadingkan α which 1. Quality Fish -, 016 means not having a significant effect on 2. Fish prices -, 069 3. Fish size -, 504 shrinkage results in Pameungpeuk 4. Age Save the Fish -, 618 swordfish. 5. Fishing season -, 623 6. sorting Fish -2.521 R Square - , fishin -, Table 5. R Square 1.64 53 g 623 8 2.645 -, 162 8 R square obtained from this model seaso

n - - 2,239 -, 551 , is equal to 0.84, meaning that 84% of sortin 2.52 5.64 01 g fish 1 variables - variables can affect the amount 6 7 Coefficient of the amount of of shrinkage estimators and the results of shrinkage results Mackarel Tuna obtained the remaining 16% is the influence of generate value 57.258 this means that other variables that are not incorporated into the model or can be explained in error.

This result is close to one and it can be sorting swordfish with t value of 2.521. said that the models are formulated to This value is stated that t> t table which explain the influence of independent means that H0 rejected and H1 accepted. It variables with the dependent variable. can be concluded that there is a significantly influence fish sorting Test F significantly to the value of Mackarel Tuna Test F yield calculated F value of shrinkage results. 30.84 with F table 2,49 answer the hypothesis that F count> F table and stated Influence Factors Affecting Results of that H0 rejected and H1 accepted. Then Mackarel Mackarel Tuna Losses alleged at least one independent variable in Quality Fish the model that include (1) the quality of Quality Mackarel Tuna in guarded the fish, (2) the price of fish, (3) the size of Pameungpeuk very good quality because the fish, (4) a shelf life of fish, (5) fishing the middleman only accept Mackarel Tuna season, and (6) sorting fish significantly in fresh condition and are of good quality. affect the dependent variable value Swordfish easily obtained by fishermen Mackarel Tuna shrinkage results in because it has big resources and also has District Pameungpeuk an economic value for the local Table 6. Test F population, the price of Mackarel Tuna has Sum kualiatas well when the stock market there mean of D Model Squa F Sig. will be high and vice versa when the Squar f re es market have in stock a lot of it will reduce Regressi 3333.1 555.5 30.8 0,0 6 the the price of swordfish, although in the on 51 25 44 0b 594.34 3 18.01 same good quality. How to maintain the 1 residual 9 3 1 quality of the Mackarel Tuna fishermen 3927.5 3 Total 00 9 catch them provide fiber box / sterofoam on board and have filled the box with ice blocks in order to keep the catch fresh fish. Test T Fish prices From the results of the t above can From the results of the calculation, be compared with t table of 1.691. In order the value of the variable coefficient to get the independent variables that have Mackarel Tuna price is equal to (-0.134 / an influence on the result of shrinkage is inverse). The value obtained is negative.

This means that any increase in the price Catching season of Mackarel Tuna 1%, it will decrease the From the results of the calculation, value of shrinkage result amounted to the value of the variable coefficient fishing 0.134%. T value obtained from a value season is equal to (-1.648 / inverse). The greater than the t table this means the price value obtained is negative. This means that swordfish have real influence in susutnya any increase in the value of the variable value changes. fishing season of 1% will decrease the value of shrinkage results of swordfish by Fish size 1,648%. T value obtained from a value Calculation resulting from the greater than the t table this means variable coefficient value of fish size is Mackarel Tuna fishing season have a real equal to (-1.018 / inverse). The value impact in changing shrinkage results. obtained is negative. This means that any increase in the value of the variable size of Sorting Fish the fish by 1% will decrease the value of The research result shows the the Mackarel Tuna shrinkage results of significant value of the variable sorting 1.018%. T value obtained from a value fish in this matter has the most significant greater than the t table this means sorting value that is equal to, 017. This means that the size of the fish have a real impact in the value obtained is less than α of 5% or changes in the value of shrinkage results. 0.05 that is considered as a variable that mamiliki most significant value that can Age Save the Fish affect the change in the value of Mackarel Calculation resulting from the Tuna catches shrinkage. More and variable coefficient value of freshwater enactment of appropriate sorting fish will fish prices in the country amounted to (- be the most influential factor yaang to 1.428 / inverse). The value obtained is reduce shrinkage value of Mackarel Tuna negative. This means that any increase in catches occur in Pameungpeuk. the value of the variable fish shelf life of CONCLUSION 1% will decrease the shrinkage results of Tekno-based research analysis Mackarel Tuna by 1,428%. T value Socio-Economic In Mackarel Tuna Fish obtained from a value greater than the t Fishing Losses (Euthynnis affinis) Waterway table this means handling the shelf life of Pameungpeuk Garut, then the conclusion Mackarel Tuna catches have real influence obtained isfactors - factors that affect in the amount of shrinkage catch. shrinkage Mackarel Tuna catches include

GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 225 quality Mackarel Tuna, fish prices, the size of Jakarta. Economy and Development Center, LIPI. the fish, the shelf life of fish, the fishing season, and sorting penangk.apan swordfish. The most significant factor affecting the Nelwan Alfa. 2004. Pengembangan amount of shrinkage of Mackarel Tuna Kawasan Perairan Menjadi Daerah Penangkapan Ikan. catches are sorting fish where the fish sorting Insitut Pertanian Bogor: Bogor. in the grading done in terms of quality, shelf Makalah Pribadi Falsafah Sains (PPS 702). life and size of the fish. This shows if Nurhayati A Purnomo A H. 2018. Techno- fishermen consider and implement sorting socio-economic analysis of fish properly then, the smaller the amount of losses in capture fishery: a case study in Pelabuhan Ratu, shrinkage catches of Mackarel Tuna landed, Sukabumi, West Java Province. so as to minimize the loss of fishing effort on [Journal] The 2nd International Symposium on Marine and the cob Pameungpeuk District, Garut Fisheries Research. 10.1088 / regency, West Java province. 1755-1315 / 139/1/012034

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