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The CO-Cities Report contains the result of a work carried out by the research unit of the "Università degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi", coordinated by Professor Christian Iaione, within the research project PRIN 2015 - codice 2015XYKZPP - "Democratic innovations among collaborative design, active citizenship and Internet governance" coordinated by prof. Michele Sorice from LUISS Guido Carli. Acknowledgements We are also grateful to Aaron Maniam and the team of Oxford Urbanists for their feedbacks and comments that enriched This work is the result of a wide collaborative effort. It our work; the European Cultural Foundation (ECF) for their benefited from close collaboration of Sheila Foster, Christian support and stimulation; Alicia Bonner Ness, whose fresh Iaione, Elena De Nictolis in an initial phase (2015-2018) with insights contributed to improve our work and who the P2P Foundation; the Transformative Actions coordinated the first test and validation of the Co-City Interdisciplinary Laboratory (TrailLab) of the Catholic protocol in the Bellagio Conference Program retreat hosted University of Milan, in particular Professor Ivana Pais and by LabGov “Accelerating Citywide entrepreneurship: an Michela Bolis; the International Association for the Study of exercise in the Co-City approach”. We are thankful to the the Commons (IASC). It them drew years of dialogue, Bellagio Conference Program for their hospitality and to the collaboration, exchange and learning with scholars, retreat participants for taking part in such a challenging practicioners, undergraduate and graduate students to which experiment: the City of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (Urban goes our deep gratitude. Constant supervision, guidance and Innovation Office); the city of Barcelona, Spain (Regidoria de source of continuing inspiration was provided by Sheila Participaciò i territorio); the City of Boulder, Colorado (Chief Foster. Special thanks are due to Leonardo Morlino for his Resilience Officer (CRO); the city of Turin, Italy (the Co-City theoretical wisdom and his tireless and patient guidance on project); the city of Madison, Mississipi; the City of New York the theoretical framework and the methodological approach. (NY, NYCx Co-labs program of the Mayor’s office); Habitat A special mention goes to the authors of the “The City as a International Coalition; the National Association of Italian commons papers” for being generous with their time and for Cities (ANCI); Cooperation Jackson; Archiafrika; the German sharing their knowledge with us: Michel Bauwens; David Marshall Fund of the United States (the Urban and Regional Bollier; Tine de Moor; Paola Cannavò; Sheila Foster; Christian Policy Unit); the Brookings Institution ( the Project on 21st Iaione; Silke Helfrich; Ezio Manzini. We are deeply grateful to Century City Governance); the Laboratory for the City, all the participants to the “City as a Commons” IASC Laboratorio para la Ciudad (Mexico City); SPUR. Conference (Bologna, 2015) and in particular with the authors The contribution of LabGov research associates for building who shared their presentation and papers with us and helped the database and carrying out the empirical analysis was us spread the unique body of knowledge on the urban indispensable: Chiara De Angelis coordinated the data commons generated thanks to the conference. production team and provided support as lead research For case studies in Latin America we have leaned heavily on associate (2016/2018) and Cosima Malandrino supported the direct suggestions from Thamy Pogrebinschi. We also relied data analysis and communication strategy of the report, first upon the invaluable data and analysis collected by her and her as a graduate intern and later as research associate. Lucille research team on LATINNO, Innovations for democracy in Reynaud conducted the research, supported the data entry Latin America. For case studies on sharing cities worldwide we and analysis in 2019. Crucial was the research carried out by relied upon the “Shareable Sharing Cities: Activating the Chrystie Swiney, Sumedha Jalote and Zezhou Cai that Urban Commons” and we are thankful to Shareable co- contributed with data entry, data collection and detailed case founder, Neal Gorenflo, for his support and for being a studies’ analysis in US, India and China under the supervision constant source of inspiration throughout the last years. The of Sheila Foster at LabGov Georgetown. Lucia Paz Errandonea mutual learning with Daniela Patti and Levente Polyàk, co- provided critical support in data entry and graphic founders of Eutropian, nurtured our interest in the visualization during her curricular internship with the LabGov mechanisms of sustainability of urban regeneration processes project (spring/summer 2017); Monica Bernardi provided and we are deeply grateful for their collaboration. We learnt support with data collection in Seoul and Boston. Fabiana from all Eutropian’s research projects, but the case studies Bettini and Chiara Prevete conducted careful and passionate contained in the book Funding the Cooperative City were research, both normative and empirical, on community-led particularly useful. Alongside Luiss and in particular Luiss housing and contributed with Community Land Trusts case ICEDD, directed by Leonardo Morlino, we would like to studies. express our gratitude to the Fordham University Urban We would like to express our deep appreciation to Anna Berti Consortium who welcomed Christian Iaione as fellow and Suman, Sofia Croso Mazzuco, Alessandro Antonelli, Elena De Nictolis as visiting PhD student; Nestor Benedetta Gillio, Alessia Palladino for their contribution to the Davidson, current director of the Urban Consortium, who has data entry and data collection tasks. The research and papers been a supportive interlocutor and for his inspiring work on of graduate and undergraduate students of the course “Urban the sharing economy in cities and on local administrative law; Law and Policy” in the Department of Political Science at Luiss Oliver Sylvain, who is a brilliant interlocutor and whose work University have been of help in a variety of ways. A special on net equality and with Sheila Foster on community-led obligation goes to Gresia Bernardini Marino; Mattia Lupi; broadband development in Haarlem, New York City guided us Paolo Marro; Serena Ragno; Giulia Balice; Federico Pieri; Elisa towards collecting case studies on technological justice; del Sordo; Martina Rotolo; Guglielmo Pilutti; Marina Gascòn; Margie Mendell, from Concordia University, whose work on Marta Pietro Santi; Greta Bertolucci; Charlotte Poligone; Zita political economy with influences from Karl Polany and on Kučerová. We would like to express our deep appreciation to economic democracy is of a great importance for the Co-Cities Alessandra Pirera, Andrea Posada, Eduard Eldman and Danila theoretical framework; D’Addazio, the team that designed the visual identity 1 The Co-Cities Report communication and dissemination strategy of the Co-Cities Open Book. Finally, we would like to thank the people that helped us during the last phase of this work: Alessandro Piperno, Carlo Epifanio, Francesca Spigarolo, Paola Todisco and Julianne Heusch for their proof-reading and layout. And to conclude, we want to show our gratitude to all the students from the course of Urban Law and Policy 2019: Clara Alegre, Morgane Briere, Wenrong Chua, Kester, Marie Flichy, Victoria Gowland-wood, Lukas Knüsel, Michela Notarangelo, Federica Pigoni, Emanuele Renda, Luca Romano, Fabrizia Romeo, Juliette Schaditzki, Jérôme Tavani, Lorenzo Toccaceli, Lili Vidal, Xin Zhao. 2 The Co-Cities Report Abstract The Co-Cities Open Book is the result of years of research and experimentations on the field to investigate new forms of collaborative city-making that are pushing urban areas towards new frontiers of collaborative urban governance, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, social innovation and neighborhood economy. This open book has roots in our conceptualization of the ‘City as a Commons’, the emerging academic field of urban commons studies as well as urban co-governance and the work developed in 5 years of urban experimentations in Italy and around the world. Structured around three main pillars, the Co-Cities Open Book will first provide scholars, practitioners and policymakers with an overview of the theory and methodology of the Co-City with the “Co-Cities Protocol”. The open book also presents the “Co-Cities report”, the results of an extensive research project in which we extracted from, and measured the existence of, Co-City design principles in a database of 500+ case studies in 150 cities worldwide. Ultimately, thanks to the Co-Cities report we were able to create an index capable to measure how cities are implementing the right to the city through co-governance. Thus, the Co-Cities index serves as a fundamental tool for the international community in order to measure the implementation of some of the objectives that have been set by the New Urban Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals. The last section of the book consists in an appendix of articles of some of the most important researchers and practitioners studying the urban commons. These essays were conceived and offered as part of “The City as a Commons” conference, the first IASC (International Association for the Study of the Commons) conference on urban commons, co-chaired by Christian Iaione and Sheila Foster, that took place in Bologna on November 6 and 7, 2015. 3 The Co-Cities

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