Highlights Overview

Ecuador: Earthquake Situation Report No. 12 (as of 30 May 2016)

This report is produced by OCHA in collaboration with humanitarian partners and with inputs from official institutions. It covers the period from [23 to 30 May 2016 at 14:00]. The next report will be published on 15 June 2016. Highlights

• According to the Secretary of Risk Management (SGR) on 19 May there were 28,775 persons in shelters and camps. There are 28 government camps for displaced people with plans for an additional four large camps. • The United Nations Special Envoy on Disability and Accessibility, Lenin Moreno visited the cantons of Manta, Portoviejo, and Jaramijó in Manabí Province under the framework of the Inclusion Plan for Citizens with Disabilities in areas affected by the emergency. • Estimated cost of reconstruction is of 3.344 billion dollars (SENPLADES, ECLAC, UN, 2016). • Government presented the Support Plan for the Economic Reactivation and Financing for Reconstruction in the Areas Affected by the Earthquake, which encompasses credit lines and low interest rates for housing reconstruction and reactivation of livelihoods, flexibility with financial commitments, housing grants and modalities for hiring local workers for the reconstruction phase. • According to the Ministry Coordinator of Source: SENPLADES-ECLAC-UN, 2016 Social Development (MCDS), a total of 1,648 families applied for the government grant for host families and for rental subsidies. Of these, 311 families previously registered in the Sole Registry of Affected People (Registro Único de Damnificados or RUD) have been selected to receive the grants as of 29 May.

29,672 80,000 21,823 houses displaced formal and informal jobs lost damaged persons

Source: SENPLADES-ECLAC-UN, 2016 Overview

Six weeks after the earthquake, the Government is establishing displacement camps and relocating people from spontaneous settlements to the new camps. Demolition and debris removal is ongoing, and assessment of houses and infrastructure continues after the two strong aftershocks of 18 May.

www.unocha.org La misión de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas para la Coordinación de Asuntos Humanitarios (OCHA) es movilizar y coordinar la acción humanitaria eficaz, basada en los principios humanitarios, en colaboración con los actores nacionales e internacionales. La Coordinación Salva Vidas Situation Report No. 12 | 2

The Government officially included Esmeraldas Province in the reconstruction plan and the affected communities will be considered for grants and other government aid. The Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion (MIES) is advancing in the registry of affected families in the RUD. The National Planning and Development Secretariat (SENPLADES), ECLAC and UN have published the results from the Post Disaster Needs Assessment where the estimated cost of reconstruction is of 3.344 billion dollars from which the State will finance 2.253 billion dollars and the private sector 1.091 billion dollars. Humanitarian Response

The humanitarian response continues in the six provinces declared in state of emergency. Humanitarian partners are advocating and working with the government to ensure camps are ready prior to the relocation of people. MIES has selected 311 families to be recipients of rental subsidies or host family grants. The registry of affected people is expected to increase as the information campaigns on the government assistance program continue. For the reconstruction phase, it has stated that the affected housing in rural areas will be a priority. A key priority in the humanitarian response remains the protection of vulnerable persons such as persons with disabilities, children, women and the elderly. The Camp Coordination and Camp Management Sector with its humanitarian partners and government institutions have Graph: Monitored Population by Site Type produced the second round of analysis of the Source: IOM –CCCM,2016 Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM). From the 146 sites assessed, the majority of displaced persons are in Manabí province 15,396, followed by Esmeraldas province 4,671 and in Santo Domingo province 342. On other hand, the government estimates that in the provinces of Guayas, Los Ríos, Santa Elena, Pichincha and Tungurahua there are 455 host families. The Ecuadorean State, MIES and Armed Forces are present in about 40% of the sites assessed. Authorities remind agencies, institutions and people who have the desire to contribute, to coordinate efforts through the Secretariat of Risk Management. The focal point is: Evelyn Jaramillo [email protected] People deploying to Ecuador should register on the Humanitarian ID website: https://humanitarian.id/#/ or send an email to [email protected].

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Needs: • Greater support for the provision of clean water, water quality monitoring and treatment, prioritizing 86,000 people in the cantons of Muisne, Jama, Pedernales and Portoviejo, with special emphasis in rural areas. • Proper management of solid waste, cleaning and maintenance to avoid the rapid deterioration of hygiene and sanitary conditions in affected communities. • Promotion of good hygiene practices is critical given that less than 30 percent of camps and shelters are implementing the WASH minimum package, especially in Muisne canton of the Esmeraldas province. • WASH standards must be upheld in the newly established camps to prevent the spread of water-borne diseases. • In rural areas, displaced persons require latrines, showers and sinks that meet Sphere standards. • Identify alternatives to chemical toilets.

Response:

w ww.unocha.org The mission of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is to mobilize and coordinate effective and principled humanitarian action in partnership with national and international actors. Coordination Saves Lives Situation Report No. 12 | 3

• Water tanks, bladders and wells are working in several urban and rural sites since the first week following the earthquake. Activities to improve the quality of water are being carried out in the affected areas. • Approximately 35,980 persons have benefited from the establishment of infrastructure for the provision of water and sanitation in camps and shelters. • The sector is working closely with the Secretariat of Water (SENAGUA) to progressively reestablish the water system in Pedernales Canton. • Assessments of specific WASH needs are ongoing in Jama and Pedernales cantons. • Coordination has been strengthened with UNICEF having deployed two WASH coordinators in Esmeraldas and Pedernales. Gaps & Limitations: • Limited partner capacity to reach and intervene in displacement sites and remote communities in rural areas. • Limited information available concerning the situation in rural areas, including host families and their needs. • Uncertainty regarding the relocation of people from shelters, spontaneous sites and from one camp to another and the importance of WASH interventions in the current and future situations.

Contact: Silvia Ramos [email protected] +593 22460330/32

Shelter and non-food items Needs: • Need for shelter solutions for displaced persons and for those who remain on their own land in urban and rural areas. • Immediate technical support and construction materials are needed for people who have started to reconstruct in urban and rural areas. Moreover, it is important that they are not repairing or reconstructing new homes in disputed, temporary and/or high-risk land. • Public information campaigns are urgently needed so that affected communities can make informed decisions concerning their housing solutions. • Due to the aftershocks on 18 May, the houses that were marked as safe to live in or in need of repair need to be reassessed. • In Pedernales Canton, approximately 3,500 persons remain in spontaneous shelters and require temporary or transitional housing. • Housing assessments and demolitions have not been carried out in the rural areas of Jama canton in Manabí Province. Response: • The majority of agencies and partners are finalizing their plans concerning shelter response and are selecting the communities where they will be supporting housing recovery. • The Government continues assessing damages and plans on giving financial aid for families to reconstruct and repair their homes in affected areas. • The shelter sector had identified the type of assistance for housing in a context of complex land tenure and policies concerning reconstruction and recovery. The added value of the international humanitarian community is the technical support, training and material to ensure a safer construction of homes and buildings going forward. • The sector is promoting a “constructive culture” of awareness of fundamental construction rules and risk factors that affect housing. The sector developed key messages for construction, technical information and it is advocating for the improvement of material used by all actors in the stage of reconstruction. • In Pedernales canton, IOM and the Ecuadorian Red Cross (with IFRC) are currently building temporary shelters. Gaps & Limitations: • Lack of consistent information from the Government concerning its aid program and the eligibility criteria for grants • The lack of funding is limiting partners’ shelter response capacity. Without further funding, the majority of international organizations will end their support in the upcoming weeks.

• Construction materials is of sub-standard quality, especially certain concrete blocks and types of wood. Advocacy efforts should be directed towards the Government and private enterprises so that the minimum standards of construction material are met. • The Government reconstruction process will be delivered through the private sector, instead of giving the financial aid directly to the affected population. Global experience shows that reconstruction and recovery occurs rapidly when the affected population are entrusted with it and they receive the right technical and financial assistance as well as high quality construction material. Contact: Leanne Marshall [email protected] +593 994411951

Camp Coordination and Camp Management Needs: • Clearly define roles and responsibilities in camps as the Government´s official manual remains general. • Strengthen the information management mechanisms with a multi-sectoral approach in camps. • Incorporate the displaced community participation in the relocation processes and activities in the camp. • Participatory creation and implementation of a Cohabiting Code in camps. • Monitoring of humanitarian needs and services in spontaneous shelters. • Access to needs of displaced persons identified by the Government in camps. • Better information from MIES concerning assistance grants. • The sector must work with the cantonal Emergency Operations Center (COE) to establish a strategy for recovery and housing solutions. • Psycho-affective and psycho-social support in spontaneous shelters and camps are insufficient. • Workshops on disaster management and protection mechanisms needed for persons in camps. • Displaced population in shelters and camps need assistance and protection, particularly in rural areas. • Improve conditions of camps concerning exposure to the sun and water systems. Response: • The CCCM sector delivered technical assistance to camp managers of MIES, Ministry Coordinator of Security (MICS), Armed Forces (FFAA) and Ministry of Interior. • Spaces opened for dialogue between the displaced community in camps and authorities from MIES and MICS. • World Vision trained 120 staff members of MIES to offer emergency psychological first aid. • UNHCR carried out capacity building for NGOs to implement participatory assessments. • IOM has implemented the Displacement Tracking Matrix to identify displaced persons in camps and their needs as well as to identify the location of government camps. Gaps & Limitations: • Weak participation of displaced persons in the relocation process and that camps where they are relocated must offer basic services before they are transferred (Jama Matal and Jama Central). • Lack of a standard relocation plan or procedures with Government and information for displaced population. • Strengthen assessment of housing for timely results. Contact: Mónica Noriega [email protected] +593 997639435

Food Security Needs: • Some 31 per cent of the population in the affected areas is severely food insecure according to the Emergency Food Security Assessment (EFSA) by the WFP (28 April to 5 May). • Strengthen livelihood recovery programs, with a special emphasis on women in camps or spontaneous shelters, to improve their food security status. Response:

• WFP signed an agreement with the Government to implement the cash grant program and other activities of the Emergency Operation. The first distribution of cash vouchers will take place during the first week of June. • WFP has developed a communication strategy and was shared with MIES, to promote a healthy nutrition and good use of the food voucher.

Gaps & Limitations:

• Gaps in consolidated national official information concerning affected populations prevent proper planning. • Weak coordination does not allow integration of response mechanisms throughout various partners’ activity planning such as the food grant, cash for work . • Potential security risks need to be assessed for the food voucher distribution mechanisms.

Contact: Alzira Ferreira [email protected] +593 22460330/32, Ext. 160

Protection Needs: • Some displaced persons living in spontaneous and improvised shelters are reluctant to relocate to government camps for fear of losing their belongings and their livelihoods. • Improve coordination between authorities in charge of relocation processes and humanitarian partners to ensure standards of protection are respected during the displacement. • Improve coordination between psychosocial support providers. • Address protection risks of persons with disabilities in camps and spontaneous shelters. Response: • The sector has provided capacity building for 25 senior staff members of the Ombudsman Office (Defensoría del Pueblo) concerning protection and human rights in the context of an emergency. UNHCR signed an agreement with the Ombudsman Office to coordinate the intervention in the emergency and it will join the Ombudsman brigades to the field and will support in training other staff members. • In Manta, the sector provided capacity building for 150 military staff members in the framework of protection in camp management. • A working group has been established to improve technical support, provide information concerning legal guidelines and promote advocacy concerning the promotion of adequate relocation processes. • A checklist concerning the relocation procedure has been created by the sector and the local government staff. In the rural parish of La Villegas in Manabí province, UNICEF and UNHCR are implementing a model of social dialogue. • In canton Pedernales, the sector offered support in the relocation of affected population to three camps. In camp Pedernales 1 (Divino Niño) there are 751 displaced persons, and work is ongoing for the establishment of another camp for 750 persons so that people sheltered in the bus terminal and in La Villegas can be transferred. • The protection sector is contributing with the Ministry of Public Health (MSP) in the production of guidelines concerning psychosocial care and metal health. Gaps & Limitations: • Glossary of terminology concerning the usage of words such as “refugees”, “displaced” and “affected people” is being prepared to ensure common understanding among government and international community. • Lack of clarity concerning the vulnerability criteria and integral assistance protocols for the response stage. Contact: Peter Janssen [email protected] +593 22460330/32, Ext. 1665

Education Needs: • Ensure access to educational spaces for children aged between 3 to 17 years old where they can enjoy recreational activities, psycho-social care, are given food supplements, have access to latrines.

• Train teachers for the adequate usage of UNICEF “school-in-the-box” Kit including recreational activities and spread of life saving messages. • Support the Ministry of Education (MINEDUC) in the implementation of emergency education protocols and avoid the usage of schools as temporary shelters. • Support MINEDUC in the repair and relocation of schools that have been affected. • Ensure access to the National Education System of children excluded, in remote areas and in municipalities deeply affected by the earthquake. • Re-assess school infrastructure that may have been damaged by the aftershocks

Response: • The sector has worked on the education plan “Education for all: together we will rise” where going back to school provides protection, helps in the psychological recovery process and it helps build social cohesion in the affected communities. • The sector has established educational temporary spaces in Muisne canton in Esmeraldas province, and in Jama and Pedernales in the Manabí province. A total of 20,000 children are enjoying these spaces. Moreover, 60,000 children in 700 schools have received basic school supplies in the following cantons: Jama, Muisne, Manta, Portoviejo and Chone.. • MINEDUC has established the guidelines for teachers concerning Emergency Education and it is being used by partners such as: Plan Internacional, Desarrollo y Autogestión, Vicariato Apostólico de Esmeraldas and UNESCO. • RET, CNR, Save the Children and UNICEF have trained more than 450 teachers in Muisne canton in the Esmeraldas province about the curriculum adapted to emergencies . • More than 2000 children participated in a recreational activity conducted by the Vicariato Apostólico de Esmeraldas called “El día que la tierra bailó reggaetón”.

Gaps & Limitations: • Lack of time for the establishment of temporary classrooms especially in affected rural areas, for the government’s oficial first day of school • Weakened economy of families, they cannot afford school supplies.

Contact: Ana Vohlonen [email protected] +593 997422494

Early Recovery Needs: • Sanitation conditions are deteriorating due to the demolition of houses and infrastructure. • Special attention is needed for the economic reactivation of livelihoods in affected rural areas. • Food access is worsening due to weakened or lost livelihoods in affected communities. • Strengthen entrepreneurship initiatives of women in camps through grants and/or credits so that these are sustainable over time.

Response: • Support for the recovery of sanitation infrastructure in affected areas. • Support to rural farmers for the ensured production of fresh vegetables and fruits. • Support to local organizations for the storage and food commerce. • UN Women provided entrepreneurship training for affected women in Calceta Parish, Rocafuerte canton and Pedernales canton in Manabí province.

Gaps & Limitations: • Few economic opportunities for the affected rural population. • Restore the food production capacity at a local level in affected areas

Contact: Carolina Dreikorn [email protected] +593 22093523

Logistics

Needs: • Need for joint advocacy to keep the assistance of the sector going. 0% financed

Response: • The sector, led by WFP, continues to provide coordination and information management on logistics. • The exit strategy of the logistics sector continues to be implemented following the current Special Operations Scheme with two components: 1.infrastructure and equipment, and 2.strengthening local capacities. • The private company LogistiQuito offered WFP space in their trucks for the transportation of humanitarian cargo between Quito and the affected areas. • The WFP will lend the Ministry of Interior and the Armed Forces a portable warehouse in the Collection Center of Pedernales.

Gaps & Limitations: • The sector continues to work under the model of cost recovery for temporary storage services as of 21 May. Through this model, the Logistic Sector is filling the gaps in the response, above all on storage infrastructures in the areas of Manta and Pedernales. Contact: Nelson Ortega [email protected] +593 22460330, Ext 1619

General Coordination

The coordination centers in Manta, Pedernales, Esmeraldas are ensuring humanitarian presence in cantonal COE meetings and the Manabí provincial COE meeting in Portoviejo. Inter-sectoral meetings are organized in Quito, Manta and Pedernales. The Humanitarian Coordinator had a meeting with the sector lead and the Ministry Coordinator of Security to discuss the establishment of camps and proposals for temporary shelter solutions in rural areas. The meeting also covered the possibility of establishing multi-disciplinary working groups in affected areas to offer technical support in matters of coordination and temporary shelter management in the provinces of Manabí and Esmeraldas. In terms of international sector coordination, the Humanitarian Country Team the following sectors continue to be activated: Health and nutrition, WASH, Food Security, CCCM, Shelter & NFI, Protection, Logistics, Early Recovery and Livelihoods and Education. Furthermore, at a sectoral level, each sector is compiling information concerning the partners that will remain in the affected areas after the 60-day State of Emergency and the application for legal registration of international NGOs in the Technical Secretariat of International Cooperation (SETECI). Each sector leader should report to the Information Management Unit whether the international NGOs intend to remain in the country or not and if they have started the registry process in SETECI so that OCHA can follow up in support the process.

NGOs that are not registered in the country and would like to continue operations after the period of the 60-day State of Exception to manifest their interest to SETECI through: http://www.cooperacioninternacional.gob.ec/organizaciones-no-gubernamentales-2/ More information can be found on Humanitarian Response https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/operations/ecuador.

Background information On 16 April, a 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck coastal areas in northwest Ecuador causing widespread damage and loss of life. The Government quickly declared a 60-day “state of exception” in the six provinces of Manabí, Esmeraldas, Santa Elena, Guayas, Santo Domingo and Los Ríos. The most severe damage was concentrated in Manabí Province and the canton of Muisne in neighboring Esmeraldas Province.

For more information please contact: Shelley Cheatham, Head of OCHA Humanitarian Advisory Team in Ecuador, [email protected], +593-968802135 Emilie-Anne Leroux, Information Management Officer, [email protected] , +593 9968686178 Wendy Cue, Head of Office, [email protected], Tel: +507 317-1748, +507 6676-1689 For more information please visit: www.unocha.org www.reliefweb.int - www.redhum.org To be added or removed from this distribution list send an email to: [email protected]