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Statistical Profile of Cape Breton County

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Statistical Profile of Cape Breton County Statistical Profile of Cape Breton County Prepared by the Nova Scotia Federation of Agriculture 1 Contents 1.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Agriculture in the Local Economy ......................................................................................................... 2 2.0 Population and Population Change .................................................................................................. 3 3.0 Economic Profile ............................................................................................................................... 3 4.0 Agricultural Profile of Cape Breton County....................................................................................... 5 4.1 Number of Farms .......................................................................................................................... 5 4.2 Farm Revenue ............................................................................................................................... 7 4.3 Farm Expenses .............................................................................................................................. 8 4.4 Land Use ...................................................................................................................................... 10 4.5 Farm Size ..................................................................................................................................... 11 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................ 13 Appendix ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 2 1.0 Introduction Agriculture in the Local Economy Cape Breton County is home to a variety of farm production activities from cattle ranching to greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production. In 2010, Cape Breton County farms reported a total of approximately $11.8 million in farm receipts which accounted for 1.98% of all receipts reported in Nova Scotia. In the same year, farms in Cape Breton County reported a total business operating expense of approximately $8.8 million. Thus, Cape Breton’s agricultural industry produced a surplus of $3 million. In regard to employment, health care, trade, construction, and education are the dominant industries in the Cape Breton region. Low employment in the agricultural industry may be due geographical limitations, climate, and a focus on other industries. Although the agri-tourism industry is not established in Cape Breton to the same extent that it is in other parts of Nova Scotia, there are several events that promote local agriculture. These agri-tourism projects include the Cape Breton’s Farmers’ Market, roadside farm markets, fairs, and the annual exhibition. Not only has Cape Breton County experienced a decline in the number of farms, the number of acres used for farming purposes have also decreased since 2006. Indeed, Cape Breton County ranks 13th among all counties in regard to its use of arable land (“Cape Breton County,” para. 3). With 5% of arable land being used for agricultural production, Cape Breton’s average falls below the provincial average of 13% (“Cape Breton County,” para. 4). Although agriculture is not a dominant industry in Cape Breton, there is potential for economic growth through agriculture. 3 2.0 Population and Population Change Between the years 2006 and 2011, Cape Breton County experienced a total population decline of 4.1% or a total of 4309 people. Table 1 demonstrates that, for the most part, Cape Breton Regional Municipality experienced an overall population decline. However, the Eskasoni 3 and Membertou 28B reserves experienced a significant population increase of 12.1% and 25.6% respectively. Cape Breton’s rate of population change (-4.1%) fell far below that of Nova Scotia’s (0.9%). Table 1: Population of Cape Breton and Census Subdivisions, 2006-2011 Area 2011 2006 % Change Cape Breton County 101,619 105,928 -4.1 Cape Breton (RGM) 97,398 102,250 -4.7 Eskasoni 3 (reserve) 3,309 2,952 12.1 Membertou 28B (reserve) 912 726 25.6 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2011. Since Cape Breton is amalgamated under a regional municipality, there are no subdivisions like the other counties. Thus, it is difficult to determine the population distribution in terms of rural and population centres. 3.0 Economic Profile In 2013, the Cape Breton region (including Richmond, Victoria, Inverness, and Cape Breton)1 represented approximately 3.8% of the agricultural industry in Nova Scotia. Although, an estimate for Cape Breton County is not specifically given, the data indicates that its geographic region is not a leading agricultural producer in Nova Scotia. In comparison to the other industries in the Cape Breton region, agriculture accounted for approximately 0.37% of all jobs in the region, which was significantly lower than the provincial average of 1.17%. The industries with the highest employment in the Cape Breton region were trade, health care and social assistance, educational services, construction, and accommodation and food services. Furthermore, the agricultural industry had the lowest percentage of employment in the Cape Breton region. Table 2: Cape Breton Region, Total Employment by Industry, 2013 1 The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) divides Nova Scotia into 5 geographical regions. The Cape Breton region includes Inverness, Richmond, Cape Breton, and Victoria counties. According to the Labour Force Survey Estimates (LFS), some areas are too small to enable production of independent estimates from the survey. Thus, smaller regions with similar economic characteristics are grouped together. 4 % of Nova Scotia's Cape % of Cape Breton Region's Industry Nova Scotia Total Employment Breton Total Employment Total employed, all industries 453,800 100 53,500 100 Agriculture 5,300 1.17 200 0.37 Forestry, fishing, mining, etc. 11,200 2.47 2,000 3.74 Utilities 4,600 1.01 1,000 1.87 Construction 33,500 7.38 3,900 7.29 Manufacturing 30,600 6.74 1,700 3.18 Trade 73,000 16.09 8,200 15.33 Transportation and warehousing 19,600 4.32 2,100 3.93 Finance, insurance, real estate and leasing 22,100 4.87 2,100 3.93 Professional, scientific and technical services 27,800 6.13 1,400 2.62 Business, building and other support services 23,500 5.18 3,400 6.36 Educational services 36,700 8.09 5,000 9.35 Health care and social assistance 69,400 15.29 10,300 19.25 Information, culture and recreation 19,300 4.25 3,000 5.61 Accommodation and food services 29,000 6.39 3,900 7.29 Other services 18,600 4.1 1,800 3.36 Public administration 29,400 6.48 3,500 6.54 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2013. Figure 1 displays a clear comparison of the percentages of total employed by each industry in Nova Scotia and the Cape Breton region. 5 25 20 15 10 % of Total Employed 5 Nova Scotia Cape Breton Region 0 Industry Figure 1: % of Total Employed by Industry: Cape Breton Region vs. Nova Scotia, 2013. Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2013 4.0 Agricultural Profile of Cape Breton County 4.1 Number of Farms From 2006 to 2011, the total number of farms in Cape Breton County had decreased by four. Table 3 indicates that the predominant farm types in Cape Breton County were other crop farming (27.8%), greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production (23.3%), and cattle ranching (18.9%). Although ranching cattle remains a dominant farm activity in Cape Breton County, it has decreased since 2006 from 23 to 17 farms (-26.09%). In addition, sheep and goat farming and greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production had slightly decreased since 2006 with the decline of 38.46% and 50% respectively. All other types of farm production had either increased or remained the same. 6 Table 3: Cape Breton County, Total Number of Farms by Farm Type, 2006-2011 Farm Type 2011 2006 % Change # of Farms % of Total # of Farms % of Total Cattle ranching and farming 17 18.9 23 24.5 -26.09 Hog and pig farming 1 1.1 1 1.1 0 Poultry and egg production 4 4.4 3 3.2 33.33 Sheep and goat farming 1 1.1 0 0 0 Other animal production 8 8.9 13 13.8 -38.46 Oilseed and grain farming 1 1.1 0 0 0 Vegetable and melon farming 6 6.7 6 6.4 16.67 Fruit and tree nut farming 6 6.7 12 12.7 -50 Greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production 21 23.3 19 20.2 10.53 Other crop farming 25 27.8 17 18.1 47.06 Total farms 90 100 94 100 -4.26 Note: Retrieved from Statistics Canada, 2011. In comparison to Nova Scotia, Cape Breton County had a higher percentage in several farm types including cattle ranching, hog and pig, poultry and egg production, vegetable and melon, greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production and other crop farming. It is evident that the percentages of other crop farming (27.8%) and greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production (23.3%) in Cape Breton County were significantly higher than that of the provincial percentages of 17% and 14.1% respectively. The percentage of fruit and tree nut farm types in Cape Breton County fell below that of the provincial average by 18.1%. 30 25 20 15 10 5 % of Total Farms 0 Cape Breton Nova Scotia Farm Type Figure 2: % of Total Farms by Farm Type: Cape Breton County vs. Nova Scotia, 2011 7 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2011. 4.2 Farm Revenue Farms in Cape Breton County reported approximately $11.8 million
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