1938 8.C.T.F. HAER IN-112 (Boyle Special) HAER IN-112 Marion County Indiana

PHOTOGRAPHS

COLOR TRANSPARENCIES

WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA

HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 1849 C Street NW Washington, DC 20240-0001

HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD

1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. (Boyle Special)

HAER No. IN-112

Location: Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana

Present Owner: Indianapolis Motor Speedway Hall of Fame Museum Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana

Present Use: Display and limited exhibition

Significance: The 1938 Maserati 8.C.T.F. chassis no. 3032, known as the Boyle Special, is nationally significant based on its relation to four criteria. First, it is associated with important events in automotive history and culture. The Boyle Special is the most successful automobile to be campaigned at the Mile Race. It was driven to victory twice, to third place twice and to fourth place once. The Maserati is associated with significant persons in automotive and American history, including: , a successful and prominent American racing car driver and the first postwar president of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway; Michael Boyle, an important American labor leader and race team owner; , Indianapolis racer and AAA National Championship winner; and Harry C. “Cotton” Henning, chief mechanic for Boyle Racing Headquarters who oversaw the mechanical preparation and attention for multiple Indianapolis winning cars including this Maserati 8.C.T.F. Third, the Boyle Special features significant design and construction value. Advanced engineering enabled the vehicle to remain competitive at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway for over a decade and is representative of the work of a master, Ernesto Maserati, and the builders at Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A. Fourth, the Maserati provides informational value as one of the few race cars of the era to retain many of its original materials, components and craftsmanship. The period of significance for the Boyle Special was during its competition history at the Indianapolis 500 Mile Race from 1939 to 1953.

Historian: Casey T. Maxon, Historic Vehicle Association, May 2014 and March 2016.

Project Information: The 1938 Maserati 8.C.T.F. Boyle Special documentation was sponsored by the Historic Vehicle Association (HVA) and Historic Documentation Programs (HDP) in collaboration with the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Hall of Fame Museum. Mark D. Gessler, President, HVA and Richard O’Connor, Ph.D., Chief of Heritage Documentation Programs directed the project.

1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 2)

The overview history of the Maserati was prepared by HVA historian Casey T. Maxon with assistance from the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Hall of Fame Museum, Alfieri Maserati and Adolfo Orsi. Photographs were produced by Casey T. Maxon. The field work was performed by Annette Brown of 3D Engineers and the measured drawings were prepared by Stuart Brown of 3D Engineers.

Hagerty Insurance Agency, Inc. and Maserati North America, Inc. provided funding to the HVA to support this project.

PART 1: HISTORICAL INFORMATION

A. Physical History

1. Date of construction: September 19381

2. Designer/ Engineer: Ernesto Maserati/Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A.

3. Builder/Contractor/ Supplier: Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A. Bologna, Italy

4. Original Plans, Design, and Construction: The Maserati 8.C.T.F. chassis no. 3032 was originally constructed as a monoposto or one-seat open-wheel race car for Grand Prix racing in Europe. It was hand built to adhere to the 1938 Grand Prix race series regulations or “formula” that allowed for a maximum 3-liter engine with forced induction or a 4.5-liter naturally aspirated engine at a minimum weight of 850 kg. It is one of just three 8.C.T.F. models built. The 8.C.T.F. design incorporated independent front suspension using easily adjusted torsion bar springs in order to quickly change the cars handling dynamics for varying race tracks. Additionally, the 8.C.T.F.

1 Factory specification sheet published in Maurizio Tabucchi, Maserati: The Grand Prix, Sports and GT cars model by model, 1926-2003. Translated by Neil Frazer Davenport (Milano: Giorgio Nada Editore, Vimodrone, 2003), 135. In an interview with Alfieri Maserati by Mark Gessler in March 2015, Alfieri indicated that the final competition date was likely September 8, 1938 based on the records of a past employee of Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 3)

design and construction utilized magnesium alloy in a greater capacity than contemporary automakers and race car builders.

5. Ownership:

September 1938 Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A. Bologna, Italy

March 19392 Michael Boyle/Boyle Racing Headquarters Chicago, IL/Indianapolis, IN

ca. 1947 Bennett Brothers Texas

ca. 1949 Indianapolis Race Cars, Inc. Indianapolis, IN

ca. 1951 Roger Wolcott and Sylvester Johnson (Maserati Race Cars, Inc.) Indianapolis, IN

ca. 1952 Speed Partners, Inc. Indianapolis, IN

ca. 1953 Robert J. McManus3 St. Paul, MN

ca. 1954 Indianapolis Motor Speedway Corporation Indianapolis, IN

2 Harry C. (Cotton) Henning, Boyle racing team chief mechanic sailed for Italy to purchase the Maserati on February 11, 1939 and returned to the with the car on March 16 according to the following two New York Times articles: “Henning Sails for Italy,” New York Times, February 12, 1939. “Henning Back with New Car,” New York Times, March 17, 1939. 3 Listed as the “entrant” for the 1953 Indianapolis 500 Race where the car was named the Q.E.D. Special raced by Roy Newman. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 4)

6. Alterations and additions:

The Boyle Special featured various modifications and changes throughout its racing career. Maserati chassis no. 3032 was originally constructed as a Grand Prix race car. After completing only one Grand Prix race, Maserati fitted the 8.C.T.F. with different lower aluminum body panels covering the front steering components.4 The Boyle Racing Headquarters team outfitted chassis no. 3032 for Indianapolis competition with Firestone tires, larger wheels and removed the rear suspension dampers in the spring of 1939.5 The Boyle Racing Headquarters team campaigned the 8.C.T.F., painted dark red, with the racing numbers; “2,” “1,” “2,” and “29.” Boyle Racing Headquarters always ran an 8.C.T.F. Maserati engine, either engine number: 3032 or 3033.6 Harry C. “Cotton” Henning, chief mechanic for Boyle Racing Headquarters, also added an auxiliary oil tank and fuel tank before the car was raced at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.7 In 1946, the Maserati featured updated bodywork with a streamlined headrest built into the tail section. Despite changing ownership, race teams, its paint, and racing livery, the Maserati kept its basic powertrain until 1951. The engine was replaced with a supercharged engine in 1951 when Roger Wolcott and Sylvester Johnson (Maserati Race Cars, Inc.) took ownership of the car.8 The Maserati retained a four-cylinder supercharged Offenhauser engine in 1952 and was reconditioned by “Pinky” Donaldson for that year’s running of the Indianapolis 500 Mile Race.9 The Boyle Special 8.C.T.F. was restored in the 1950s by the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum to period 1940 specifications with its original powertrain (engine no. 3032).

4 Luigi Orsini and Franco Zagari, Maserati: A complete history from 1926 to the present, translated by Donald Kanfer (Milan: Liberia Dell’Autombile, 1980), 336. 5 Orsini and Zagari, Maserati: A complete history from 1926 to the present, translated by Donald Kanfer, 336. 6 When the Maserati was shipped to the U.S. it is stated to have arrived with a cracked block. Henning ordered a spare, identical eight-cylinder engine, number 3033. It is believed that engine number 3032 remained in the car while being raced by Boyle Racing Headquarters. 7 Wilbur Shaw, Gentlemen, Start Your Engines (New York: Coward – McCann, Inc., 1955), 244-247. 8 Associated Press, “Old Maserati in Memorial Day Race,” Hawk Eye Gazette (Burlington, IA), May 3, 1951. 9 “Shaw Maserati Will Run Again,” The Terre Haute Tribune (Terre Haute, Indiana), April 2, 1952, 26. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 5)

7. Race History:

11 September 1938 XVI° GRAN PREMIO D'ITALIA (Italian Grand Prix) Monza, Italy10

Driver: Goffredo Zehender Owner: Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A. (Bologna, Italy) Entrant: Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A. (Bologna, Italy) Car number: 18 Race livery: Red, with number on nose cone, hood and tail section Engine: Maserati 8.C.T.F., engine no. 3032 Results: Did not finish (DNF) – accident

30 May 1939 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN11

Driver: Wilbur Shaw Owner: Michael Boyle/Boyle Racing Headquarters (Chicago, IL/Indianapolis, IN) Entrant: Boyle Racing Headquarters Car number: 2 Race livery: Dark red with number on hood and tail – Tobacco pipe with three-leaf clover and “Boyle Spl.” painted on both sides of the cowl Engine: Maserati 8.C.T.F., engine no. 3032 Results: First place, 200 laps, 115.035 mph average Prize money: $27,375

30 May 1940 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN12

Driver: Wilbur Shaw Owner: Michael Boyle/Boyle Racing Headquarters (Chicago, IL/Indianapolis, IN) Entrant: Boyle Racing Headquarters Car number: 1

10 Tifosi2009GP, “1938 Italian Grand Prix Footage,” Filmed [1938]. YouTube video, 03:49, Posted [Septemer 2009], https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BHieb42sw4M. 11 Donald Davidson and Rick Shaffer, Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, 2nd Ed. (Worcestershire, United Kingdom: Icon Publishing Limited, 2013), 364. 12 nd Davidson and Shaffer, Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, 2 Ed., 365. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 6)

Race livery: Dark red with number on hood and tail – Tobacco pipe with three-leaf clover and “Boyle Spl.” painted on both sides of the cowl Engine: Maserati 8.C.T.F., engine no. 3032 Results: First place, 114.277 mph average Prize money: $30,725

30 May 1941 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN13

Driver: Wilbur Shaw Owner: Michael Boyle/Boyle Racing Headquarters (Chicago, IL/Indianapolis, IN) Entrant: Boyle Racing Headquarters Car number: 2 Race livery: Dark red with number on hood and tail – Tobacco pipe with three-leaf clover and “Boyle Spl.” painted on both sides of the cowl Engine: Maserati 8.C.T.F., engine no. 3032 Results: Eighteenth place, did not finish (DNF) crashed while leading at lap 151 Prize money: $5,875

30 May 1946 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN14

Driver: Ted Horn Owner: Michael Boyle/Boyle Racing Headquarters (Chicago, IL/Indianapolis, IN) Entrant: Boyle Racing Headquarters Car number: 29 Race livery: Dark red/maroon with number on hood and tail - Four-leaf clover and “Boyle Spl.” painted on both sides of the cowl15 Engine: Maserati 8.C.T.F., engine no. 3032 Results: Third place, 200 laps completed, 109.759 mph average Prize money: $7,988

13 Davidson and Shaffer, Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, 2nd Ed., 365. 14 Davidson and Shaffer, Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, 2nd Ed., 366. 15 Derek Tow, “Crucible of Speed – 1946 Indianapolis 500,” Filmed [1946]. YouTube video, 34:19, Posted [March 2014], https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Au0N3ABNG80 . 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 7)

30 May 1947 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN16

Driver: Ted Horn Owner: Bennett Brothers (Texas) Entrant: Harry C. “Cotton” Henning Car number: 1 Race livery: Dark red with number on hood and tail – “Bennett Bros. SPL.” painted on both sides of the cowl17 Engine: Maserati 8.C.T.F., engine no. 3032 Results: Third place, 200 laps completed, 114.997 mph average Prize money: $10,115

30 May 1948 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN18

Driver: Ted Horn Owner: Bennett Brothers - Gene and Leo Bennett (Texas) Entrant: Harry C. “Cotton” Henning Car number: 1 Race livery: Dark red with number on hood and tail – “Bennett Bros. SPL.” painted on both sides of the cowl Engine: Maserati 8.C.T.F., engine no. 3032 Result: Fourth place, 200 laps completed, 117.844 mph average Prize money: $16,175

30 May 1949 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN19

Driver: Owner: Indianapolis Race Cars, Inc. (Indianapolis, IN) Entrant: Indianapolis Race Cars, Inc. Car number: 6 (15)20

16 Davidson and Shaffer, Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, 2nd Ed., 366. 17 Photograph of “Ted Horn in Number 1 Bennett Brothers Special Maserati with 179 Cubic Inch 8- Cylinder engine. After Starting on Pole Position, Finished 3rd” by John Kozub (Photographer), 1947, Revs Digital Library [online], part of The Bruce R. Craig Photograph Collection of the Revs Institute Archives, https://purl.stanford.edu/rq296sy9218. 18 Davidson and Shaffer, Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, 2nd Ed., 367. 19 Davidson and Shaffer, Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, 2nd Ed., 367. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 8)

Engine: Maserati 8.C.T.F., engine no. 3032 Race livery: Black with number on nose, hood and tail Results: 23rd place, DNF, 55 laps completed Prize money: $4,405

30 May 1950 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN21

Driver: Bill Vukolvich Owner: Indianapolis Race Cars, Inc. (Indianapolis, IN) Entrant: Indianapolis Race Cars, Inc. Car number: 10 Race livery: Black with number on nose, hood and tail Engine: Maserati 8.C.T.F., engine no. 3032 Results: Did not qualify (DNQ)

30 May 1951 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN22

Driver: Johnny McDowell Owner: Roger Wolcott and Sylvester Johnson (Indianapolis, IN) Entrant: Maserati Race Cars, Inc. Car number: 12 Race livery: Dark red with gold paint on nose and number on hood and roundel on the tail Engine: Offenhauser, 180 cid, four-cylinder, supercharged23 Results: Thirty-second place, DNF 15 laps completed24 Normal: $2,222

20 In photographs from the racetrack labeled 1949, the car is adorned with the number 15, however, Davidson and Shaffer, Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, 2nd Ed., 367, list the Maserati as running under number 6. Footage from the race shows the car ran with number 6 on it: Sramona Hungary, “1949 Indianapolis Motor Speedway, ” Filmed [1949]. YouTube video, 18:44, Posted [August 2014], https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aO2H1HFuiLY. 8.C.T.F. shown at 06:24, 12:30 21 Maurizio Tabucchi, Maserati: The Grand Priz, Sports and GT cars model by model, 1926-2003, Translated by Neil Frazer Davenport (Milano: Giorgio Nada Editore, Vimodrone, 2003), 137. 22 Jeff Hunker, “1951 Indinapolis 500 race,” Filmed [1951]. YouTube video, 09:58, Posted [March 2010], https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNXniq7cWPE. 8.C.T.F. chassis no. 3032 shown at 03:36. 23 Jack C. Fox, The Illustrated History of the Indianapolis 500: 1911-1994, 5th ed. (Cleveland, OH: World Publishing Company, 1967; Lincoln, NE: Speedway Motors, 2011), 160. 24 Davidson and Shaffer, Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, 2nd Ed., 368. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 9)

30 May 1952 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN25

Driver: Jackie Holmes Owner: Speed Partners, Inc. Entrant: Speed Partners, Inc. Car number: 41 Race livery: Undetermined color, number in roundel behind rear wheels Engine: Meyer-Drake Offenhauser, 180 cid, four-cylinder, supercharged26 Results: DNQ27

30 May 1953 INDIANAPOLIS 500 MILE RACE Indianapolis, IN28

Driver: Roy Newman29 Owner: Robert McManus (St. Paul, MN) Entrant: Robert McManus Car number: 43 Race livery: White with number on the hood and tail and Q.E.D. special painted on the cowl. Results: DNQ

25 “Big Car Drivers Promise Thrills,” The Terre Haute Tribune (Terre Haute, Indiana), June 15, 1952. 26 Fox, The Illustrated History of the Indianapolis 500: 1911-1994, 5th ed., 408. and “Shaw Maserati Will Run Again,” The Terre Haute Tribune (Terre Haute, Indiana), April 2, 1952, 26. 27 Fox, The Illustrated History of the Indianapolis 500: 1911-1994, 5th ed., 408. 28 Although many sources point to chassis no. 3032 attempting to qualify in the 1953 race, it was possibly the Maserati 8.C.L. chassis no. 3035 with an 8.C.T.F. engine. The number 43 car pictured on page 411 in Fox, The Illustrated History of the Indianapolis 500: 1911-1994, 5th ed. features bodywork of Maserati 3035 but has the engine of an 8.C.T.F. This is evident, as the header appears to have only eight tubes rather than an 8.C.L. that features sixteen and is split into two pieces. Based on the fact that McManus owned both vehicles concurrently, it is known that 3032 had an Offenhauser engine in 1951 and 1952, and the fact that the bodywork fully envelopes the vehicle making it hard to swap, it could be deduced that the car described is potentially 3035 with the either the 3032 engine or the spare 8.C.T.F. engine, 3033 that has remained with the car until the present. 29 Jep Cadou, Jr., “500 Sidelights,” The Indianapolis Star, May 24, 1953, 54. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 10)

B. Historical Context

The 1938 Maserati30 8.C.T.F. with chassis and engine no. 3032, later known most famously as the Boyle Special, was constructed by September of 1938. 3032 is one of just three 8.C.T.F. (8 cilindri, testa fissa or 8 cylinder fixed head) race cars built by Maserati and the last of the three to be constructed. Maserati built the three 8.C.T.F. cars to compete in European Grand Prix racing. Before leaving Italy, Goffredo Zehender piloted chassis no. 3032 in the Italian Grand Prix on September 11, 1938 but crashed and did not finish the race.31

In February 1939, Michael Boyle, a powerful Chicago union leader and experienced Indianapolis 500 race team owner (Boyle Racing Headquarters), had his mechanic and crew chief, Harry C. “Cotton” Henning, purchase the Maserati 8.C.T.F. (chassis and engine no. 3032) from the Maserati factory in Bologna, Italy. Henning personally brought the 8.C.T.F. to the United States on March 16, 1939.32 The car was purchased by Boyle based on an agreement with the 1937 Indianapolis champion, Wilbur Shaw, to run a Maserati at the 500 Mile race.

Upon arrival in the United States, the car was prepared by Henning for the race. It was named the Boyle Special and designated car number “2.” Shaw was victorious and claimed his second Indianapolis 500 race win. Shaw’s win in the Maserati marked the first win for a foreign car at Indianapolis since 1919. In 1940, Shaw drove the Boyle Special, this time designated number “1,” at Indianapolis where it once again took victory in the 500-mile race. This victory made Shaw the first person to win two times in a row. Shaw was in first place in the 1941 race when a wire wheel on the Boyle Special failed, sending the car careening into the wall on lap 152. Henning and the Boyle Racing shop repaired the Maserati for the potential 1942 running of the Indianapolis contest, however racing was postponed until 1946 due to WWII. Following the war, Wilbur Shaw became Indianapolis Motor Speedway’s first postwar president and helped spearhead its resurrection in the postwar years.

In 1946, Ted Horn returned with the Boyle Special Maserati (car number “29”). Horn took third place. In 1947, after taking the pole position for the start of the race, he captured another third place finish. The car was no longer campaigned by Boyle and was known for 1947 and 1948 as the Bennett Brothers Special, named for the car’s new sponsors and owners from Texas. 33 In 1948, Horn competed for the last time in the Maserati and finished fourth.

30 Officially Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A. 31 Tifosi2009GP, “1938 Italian Grand Prix Footage,” Filmed [1938]. YouTube video, 03:49, Posted [Septemer 2009], https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BHieb42sw4M. 32 Harry C. (Cotton) Henning, Boyle racing team chief mechanic sailed for Italy to purchase the Maserati on February 11, 1939 and returned to the United States with the car on March 16 according to the following two New York Times articles: “Henning Sails for Italy,” New York Times, February 12, 1939. “Henning Back with New Car,” New York Times, March 17, 1939. 33 Vic Roberts, “Maserati---Race Car of Champions,” Speed Age (June 1953), 32-33. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 11)

The Maserati returned in 1949 where it was campaigned by Indianapolis Race Cars, Inc. and driven by Lee Wallard. Wallard started the race but withdrew early when the transmission failed. Famed racer and two-time Indianapolis 500 winner unsuccessfully attempted to qualify for the Indianapolis race in 1950 with the Maserati.34 Maserati Race Cars, Inc. entered chassis no. 3032 at Indianapolis in 1951 with Johnny McDowell at the wheel. It was owned by Roger Wolcott and Sylvester Johnson and had an Offenhauser engine. This was the last time the Maserati would compete in the race and it retired after just 15 laps. It was used for practice and qualifying in both 1952 and 1953 but did not start in either race. Following Indianapolis competition, it is believed that the Maserati competed in a Club of America event.35 By 1954, as the car became less and less competitive, it was sold to Speedway owner, . completely restored to its 1940 race winning configuration and eventually became a centerpiece of the Hall of Fame Museum at the Speedway, where it is currently on display.

Although Maserati never engineered the 8.C.T.F. for Indianapolis 500 competition it became the most successful car in Indianapolis history. In total, the car was driven to victory twice, to third place twice, and to fourth place once. The cumulative prize earnings for the various drivers of the Maserati equaled $104,880.

34 Orsini and Zagari, Maserati: A complete history from 1926 to the present, translated by Donald Kanfer, 337. 35 The program for the Chanute SCCA races for 1953 lists McManus as an entrant with a number 43 Maserati. No other details are included and no photos of the event have been located. Chanute Air Force Base, Illinois Sports Car Races: June 14, 1953, Program. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 12)

PART 2: TECHNICAL INFORMATION

A. General Statement

1. Character: Restored, but accurately representative of the car’s 1940 Indianapolis 500 race configuration.

2. Condition: The Boyle Special is in good overall restored condition and retains its integrity as a historic artifact. The car is operable and is occasionally driven on parade laps at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. It features its original engine (no. 3032), chassis (no. 3032), drivetrain and coachwork.

B. Description

1. General Description:

The 1938 Maserati 8.C.T.F. Boyle Special chassis no. 3032 is a one-seat (monoposto), open-wheel, grand prix and Indianapolis 500 Mile Race competition automobile. The Boyle Special features a front-engine, rear-wheel drive configuration. It has an eight-cylinder engine with the cylinders divided by two separate blocks affixed to a single magnesium alloy crankcase with a dry sump lubrication system. The engine has a fixed cylinder head, twin cams and sixteen overhead valves. Air is induced in the cylinders via two Roots superchargers, each fed by a Memini M.A. 12 . The engine produced approximately 365 horsepower (hp) in 1939. Power is transmitted to the wheels through a multi-disc dry-clutch and a four-speed transmission. The car’s aluminum body is mounted onto a steel frame composed of two main longitudinal frame-rails. The frame-rails are connected in the center with a magnesium alloy x-member that also serves as an oil tank. The car features double wishbone, torsion bar springs, and friction dampers for the front wheels. The rear suspension is made up of quarter elliptical leaf springs and a live axle with trailing links. Braking is handled by a Lockheed hydraulic brake system with sixteen-inch drums in the front and fourteen-inch drums in the rear. Nineteen-inch wire wheels with Firestone 6.00-19 tires are mounted on the front and twenty-inch wire wheels with 7.50-20 tires are on the rear of the car. The car is painted dark red with livery imitating the numbers and lettering the Boyle Special featured in 1940.

2. General Specifications - Current:

Type of body Monoposto (one-seat) open-wheel Body material Aluminum No. of seats: 1

Frame manufacturer: Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A. Frame no.: 3032 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 13)

Frame type: Ladder-type Frame material: Steel channels with x-shaped cross member constructed of magnesium alloy Engine manufacturer: Officine Alfieri Maserati S.A. Engine no: 3032 Engine type: Liquid cooled; vertical, inline cylinders; fixed cylinder head; longitudinally mounted Engine material: Magnesium-alloy (Elektron), cast iron, and cast aluminum Valvetrain: Dual overhead camshafts, two valves per cylinder No. of cylinders: 8 Engine size: 2,991.4 ccd (182.5 cid) /: 69.0 mm/100.0 mm (2.7"/3.9") Max horsepower: 365 hp @ 6,300 rpm - approximate Max torque: Undetermined : 6.5:1 Induction: Forced induction by two Roots superchargers and two Carburetor(s): Two Memini M.A. 12 Fuel type: Alcohol mix Ignition: Magneto – Scintilla Vertex

Transmission: Four-speed manual Clutch: Dry multidisc, mechanically actuated (eleven-disc Isotta Fraschini Type E 8A36) Driveshaft: Closed - torque tube

Front Suspension: Double wishbones, torsion bar springs, friction dampers Rear Suspension: Live axle, trailing links, quarter-elliptic leaf springs Tire size – front: 6.00 – 19 Deluxe Champion - Firestone Tire size – rear: 7.50 – 20 Deluxe Champion - Firestone Brakes: Four wheel hydraulic internal expanding drum-type - Steering: worm-and-sector Weight: 860.9 kg / 1,898 lbs37 Length: 4148 mm (13' – 7-5/16") Width: 1613 mm (5' – 3-½") Height: 1119 mm / (3' – 8-1/16") Wheelbase: 2,720 mm (107") Track – front/rear: 1,350 mm (53") / 1,380 mm (54")

Top speed: 180 mph - approximate

36 Luigi Orsini and Franco Zagari, Maserati: A complete history from 1926 to the present, 335. 37 Bob Hankinson, “Shaw Wins at Indinapolis,” Motor Age (June 1939), 32, as printed in Indianapolis 500- Mile Race History edited by Floyd Clymer (Los Angeles: Floyd Clymer, 1946), 272. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 14)

Part 3. Sources of Information

A. Primary Sources

Associated Press. “Old Maserati in Memorial Day Race.” Hawk Eye Gazette (Burlington, IA), May 3, 1951.

“Behind the Checkered Flag.” Automotive Industries. June 1940, Printed in, Indianapolis 500-Mile Race History. Los Angeles: Floyd Clymer, 1946.

“Big Car Drivers Promise Thrills.” The Terre Haute Tribune (Terre Haute, Indiana), June 15, 1952.

Cadou Jr., Jep. “500 Sidelights.” The Indianapolis Star, May 24, 1953.

Chanute Air Force Base, Illinois Sports Car Races: June 14, 1953. Program.

English, James W. “Grand Slam at Indianapolis.” Boys’ Life, May 1949.

Francis, Devon. “Mechanics Win the Races.” Popular Science, May 1947.

Hankinson, Bob. “Shaw Wins at Indianapolis.” Motor Age, June 1939. Printed in, Indianapolis “500” Race History. Los Angeles: Floyd Clymer, 1946.

Hankinson, Bob. “Wilbur Shaw Wins at Indianapolis.” Motor Age, June 1940. Printed in, Indianapolis 500-Mile Race History. Los Angeles: Floyd Clymer, 1946.

“Henning Sails for Italy.” New York Times. February 12, 1939.

“Henning Back with New Car.” New York Times, March 17, 1939.

Hunker, Jeff. “1951 Indinapolis 500 race.” Filmed 1951. YouTube video, 09:58. Posted March 2010. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNXniq7cWPE. 8.C.T.F. chassis no. 3032 shown at 03:36.

The Indianapolis Times, May 29, 1940.

The Indianapolis Times, May 29, 1941.

The Indianapolis Times, May 30, 1946.

Indianapolis 500-Mile Race History. Los Angeles: Floyd Clymer, 1946.

“Maserati Wins at Indianapolis.” Motor Sport 15, no. 7 (July 1939): 222.

“ Wins Indianapolis.” Motor, June 1941. Printed in, Indianapolis 500-Mile Race History. Los Angeles: Floyd Clymer, 1946.

1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 15)

Official Program: 27th International 500 Mile Race May 30, 1939. Indianapolis Motor Speedway Corporation, 1939.

Roberts, Vic. “Maserati---Race Car of Champions.” Speed Age, June 1953, 32-33.

“Shaw Maserati Will Run Again.” The Terre Haute Tribune (Terre Haute, Indiana), April 2, 1952.

Shaw, Wilbur. Gentlemen, Start Your Engines. New York: Coward – McCann, Inc., 1955.

Shaw, Wilbur. “Winning Races Before They Start.” Popular Mechanics, April 1941.

Tifosi2009GP. “1938 Italian Grand Prix Footage.” Filmed 1938. YouTube video, 03:49. Posted Septemer 2009. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BHieb42sw4M.

Tow, Derek. “Crucible of Speed – 1946 Indianapolis 500.” Filmed 1946. YouTube video, 34:19. Posted March 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Au0N3ABNG80

Vinson, Charles. “Meet Hub Capp.” Boys’ Life, March 1949.

B. Secondary Sources

Alfieri Maserati (son of Ernesto Maserati – chief engineer for Maserati), interview by Mark Gessler and Casey Maxon. May 2015.

Adolfo Orsi, Jr. (grandson of Adolfo Orsi – 1937 purchaser of Maserati company), interview by Mark Gessler and Casey Maxon. May 2015.

Crump, Richard and Rob de la Rive Box. Maserati: Sports, Racing & GT Cars 1926-1975. Somerset, England: Haynes Publications, Inc., 1975.

Davidson, Donald and Rick Shaffer. Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500. 2nd Ed. Worcestershire, United Kingdom: Icon Publishing Limited, 2013.

Defechereux, Philippe. Watkins Glen 1948-1952: The Definitive Illustrated History. Indianapolis, IN: Beeman Jorgensen, Inc., 1998.

Donald Davidson interview by Casey Maxon. May 14, 2014.

Fox, Jack C. The Illustrated History of the Indianapolis 500: 1911-1994, 5th ed. Cleveland, OH: World Publishing Company, 1967; Lincoln, NE: Speedway Motors, 2011.

1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 16)

Gould, Todd. For Gold & Glory: Charlie Wiggins and the African – American racing car circuit. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2002.

Orsini, Luigi and Franco Zagari. Maserati: A complete history from 1926 to the present. Translated by Donald Kanfer. Milano: Liberia Dell’Automobile, 1980.

Pitchard, Anthony. Maserati: A History. New York: Arco Publishing Company, Inc., 1976.

Tabucchi, Maurizio. Maserati: The Grand Priz, Sports and GT cars model by model, 1926-2003. Translated by Neil Frazer Davenport. Milano: Giorgio Nada Editore, Vimodrone, 2003.

Yates, Brock. Umbrella Mike. New York: Avalon Publishing Group, Inc., 2006.

C. Likely Sources Not Yet Investigated

1. Adolfo Orsi archives

2. Maserati Historical Archive (Italy)

1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 17)

Appendix A: Historic Images

Figure 1. 1938 engineering drawing of longitudinal section of 8.C.T.F. engine. Image courtesy of Alfieri Maserati. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 18)

Figure 2. 1938 engineering drawing of cross section of 8.C.T.F. engine. Image courtesy of Alfieri Maserati. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 19)

Figure 3. Press ticket from the 1939 Indianapolis 500 Mile race. Image courtesy of the Historic Vehicle Association. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 20)

Figure 4. Photo of the 1939 Indianapolis 500 Mile Race showing race winner Wilbur Shaw in the number 2, 1938 Maserati 8.C.T.F. Boyle Special and driving the, number 45 -Winfield car. Photo courtesy of the Revs Institute for Automotive Research Inc., Bruce R. Craig Photograph Collection. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 21)

Figure 5. Photo of Ted Horn in the 1938 Maserati 8.C.T.F. Boyle Special at the 1946 Indianapolis 500 Mile Race. Image courtesy of the Historic Vehicle Association. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 22)

Figure 6. Photo of Ted Horn in the 1938 Maserati 8.C.T.F. Bennett Brothers Special at the 1947 Indianapolis 500 Mile Race. Photo courtesy of the Revs Institute for Automotive Research Inc., Bruce R. Craig Photograph Collection. 1938 MASERATI 8.C.T.F. HAER No. IN-112 (Page 23)

Figure 7. Photo of Ted Horn in the 1938 Maserati 8.C.T.F. Bennett Brothers Special at the 1947 Indianapolis 500 Mile Race. Photo courtesy of the Revs Institute for Automotive Research Inc., Bruce R. Craig Photograph Collection.