DOCSLIB.ORG

Linkages in the Landscape

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

>GJ=KL =;GKQKL=EK ;GFK=JNAF? /LQNDJHVLQWKH/DQGVFDSH 7KH5ROHRI&RUULGRUVDQG&RQQHFWLYLW\ LQ:LOGOLIH&RQVHUYDWLRQ $QGUHZ)%HQQHWW ,8&1)RUHVW&RQVHUYDWLRQ3URJUDPPH &RQVHUYLQJ)RUHVW(FRV\VWHPV6HULHV1R 7KH:RUOG&RQVHUYDWLRQ8QLRQ Linkages in theLinkages in the Landscape Landscape IUCN’S FOREST CONSERVATION PROGRAMME IUCN’s Forest Conservation Programme coordinates and supports the activities of the IUCN Secretariat and members working with forest ecosystems. The goal of forest conservation is achieved through promoting protection, restoration and sustainable use of forest resources, so that forests provide the full potential range of goods and services. The programme makes contributions to policy at various levels and uses field projects to derive lessons to feed into the policy debate. The principles of Caring for the Earth, published jointly by IUCN, WWF and UNEP in 1991, are applied to these projects, which combine the needs of conservation and those of local communities. One major activity is to develop coherent and informed policies on forest conservation in order to advocate the translation of policies into effective actions. IUCN frequently advises major development institutions on forest issues, to ensure that conservation priorities are adequately addressed in their projects and programmes. The Forest Conservation Programme receives generous financial support from the Government of the Netherlands. The IUCN Forest Conservation Programme Linkages in the Landscape The Role of Corridors and Connectivity in Wildlife Conservation Andrew F. Bennett School of Ecology and Environment Deakin University – Melbourne Campus, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia IUCN – The World Conservation Union 2003 The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or Environment Australia concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or Environment Australia. This publication has been made possible in part by funding from Environment Australia. Published by: IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK Biodiversity Group Copyright: © 1999, 2003 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources First published 1999 Second edition 2003 Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: Bennett, A.F. (1998, 2003). Linkages in the Landscape: The Role of Corridors and Connectivity in Wildlife Conservation. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xiv + 254 pp. ISBN: 2-8317-0744-7 Cover design by: Patricia Halladay and IUCN Publications Services Unit, from an original design by McHale Ward Associates, Hertfordshire Cover photo: Tony Stone Images, London Layout by: Bookcraft Ltd, Stroud, UK Produced by: IUCN Publications Services Unit, UK Printed by: Thanet Press Ltd, Margate, UK Available from: IUCN Publications Services Unit 219c Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK Tel: +44 1223 277894, Fax: +44 1223 277175 E-mail: [email protected] www.iucn.org/bookstore A catalogue of IUCN publications is also available The text of this book is printed on 90gsm Fineblade Extra made from low-chlorine pulp CONTENTS Foreword .......................................... ix Preface to the first edition ................................ xiii PART 1 DEFINING THE ISSUES 1 Responding to an Issue of Global Concern ......................3 Habitat change in human-dominated landscapes ....................3 Corridors and controversy ............................... 5 Connectivity ....................................... 8 Scope of this book .................................... 9 2 Habitat Fragmentation and the Consequences for Wildlife.............13 Fragmentation and changes to landscape pattern ...................13 Effects of fragmentation on wildlife ..........................20 Is isolation of habitats important? ...........................32 3 Approaches to Understanding the Benefits of Connectivity.............37 Natural history and wildlife management .......................37 Equilibrium theory of island biogeography ......................38 Dynamics of subdivided populations ..........................40 Landscape ecology................................... 43 PART 2 VALUES OF LINKAGES 4 Connectivity and Wildlife Conservation .......................49 Corridors, stepping stones and other habitat configurations to enhance connectivity .49 Connectivity at different scales............................. 57 Advantages and disadvantages of linkages.......................61 5 Movements of Animals Through Linkages......................67 Types of movements assisted by linkages ........................67 Tunnels and underpasses to assist movement across local barriers ..........79 Experimental investigations of the values of linkages .................83 Evidence for the value of connectivity from predictive models .............87 Simulation models and empirical data on the values of connectivity ..........91 6 Linkages as Ecological Elements in the Landscape .................97 Landscape linkages .................................. 97 Riparian vegetation.................................. 104 Hedgerows and fencerows .............................. 110 Roadside vegetation ................................. 113 Forest linkages .................................... 120 v Linkages in the Landscape PART 3 LINKAGES AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY 7 Design and Management of Linkages for Conservation ..............125 Biological issues in design and management .....................126 Socio-political issues in design and management...................142 8 Connectivity and Conservation Strategy ......................153 Role of connectivity in conservation strategy .....................153 Linkages and an integrated landscape approach to conservation ..........157 Which linkages warrant highest priority?.......................168 Checklist of issues for planning linkages .......................174 9 Case Studies of Linkages in Land-use Planning and Conservation ........177 Landscape linkages between reserves or large natural areas .............177 Linked systems of habitat at the regional scale ....................185 Linkages in forest conservation and management ..................190 Linkages for the conservation of large mammals ...................195 Local networks of linear habitats ...........................201 References ........................................ 205 Appendix 1 Common and Scientific Names of Species Cited in the Text ......241 Index ........................................... 249 vi LIST OF BOXES Box 1–1 Corridors or connectivity: what is the real issue?.................7 Box 1–2 Corridors, linkages and other terminology ...................10 Box 2–1 Forest fragmentation in south-western Victoria, Australia ...........16 Box 2–2 Loss of breeding birds from an isolated Javan woodland, Indonesia ......24 Box 2–3 Area requirements of rainforest raptors in French Guiana ...........28 Box 2–4 Nest predation and its relationship with landscape pattern in Sweden......30 Box 2–5 Effects of isolation on the recovery of a rare butterfly in Britain ........35 Box 3–1 Threats to the persistence of small populations .................41 Box 4–1 Birds in a variegated habitat, New England Tablelands, Australia .......52 Box 4–2 How do animals move through linkages? ....................58 Box 5–1 Flight paths of insectivorous bats in the Netherlands ..............68 Box 5–2 Impacts of variation in ‘stopover’ habitat quality for Rufous Hummingbirds along a migration corridor in western USA ...................75 Box 5–3 Stepping stone fragments for the dispersal of White-crowned Pigeons in Florida, USA .................................. 76 Box 5–4 Underpasses to assist seasonal migration of Mule Deer in western USA ....80 Box 5–5 Rock-scree corridor and tunnel for the Mountain Pygmy-possum in Australia .................................... 81 Box 5–6 Dispersal of American Robins between farmland shelterbelts, North Dakota, USA .................................. 86 Box 5–7 Possums and Tree Kangaroos in tropical rainforest remnants, North Queensland, Australia ............................. 88 Box 5–8 Distribution of the Dormouse in ancient woods in Britain ...........89 Box 5–9 Chipmunks and fencerows in eastern Canada..................90 Box 5–10 The White-footed Mouse in farm landscapes of Ontario, Canada........92 Box 5–11 Cougars and habitat corridors in an urban–wildlands interface, California, USA...................................... 93 Box 6–1 Rainforest insects inhabiting streamside strips in north Queensland, Australia ................................... 101 vii Linkages in the Landscape Box 6–2 La Selva–Braulio Carrillo corridor, Costa Rica ................102 Box 6–3 Gallery forests and the diversity of non-flying mammals in the Brazilian cerrado .................................... 107 Box 6–4 Roadside habitat for butterflies in the United Kingdom ............115 Box 6–5 Forested roadsides as linkages for native mammals in Victoria, Australia. 116 Box 6–6 Retained forest strips
Recommended publications
  • Invertebrate Survey of the A30 and A38 Road Verges in Area 1 (Cornwall and Devon) Steven Falk Mark Tunmore October 2015

    Invertebrate Survey of the A30 and A38 Road Verges in Area 1 (Cornwall and Devon) Steven Falk Mark Tunmore October 2015

    Inspiring change for Important Invertebrate Areas in the UK Invertebrate Survey of the A30 and A38 road verges in Area 1 (Cornwall and Devon) 11th September 2014 Susan Thompson - Grants & Trusts Officer Steven Falk Mark Tunmore Saving the small things that run the planet October 2015 1 Executive summary Between late May and late August 2015, Buglife Services carried out an invertebrate survey of the A30 and A38 in Devon and Cornwall. 41 visits to 23 sample points were undertaken on the A30 and 25 visits to 18 sampling points were undertaken on the A38, and a range of invertebrate groups were targeted. 866 taxa were recorded, the list being dominated by flies (361), beetles (177), butterflies & moths (109), bugs (82), bees, ants & aculeate wasps (53), spiders & harvestmen (50), grasshoppers & crickets (11) and dragonflies & damselflies (11). Pitfall trapping (not permitted) would have extended the beetle and bug lists greatly. The list included a number of rare and scarce species (notably the tachinid fly Policheta unicolor and lygaeid bug Trapezonotus ullrichi) and seemingly the first SW England record for the Southern oak bush-cricket (Meconema meridionalis) which is a recent British colonist. The list reveals the tremendous variety of life cycle strategies and other ecological relationships associated with road verge invertebrates. Pollinators are very well represented within the species list. The list and sample sizes reveal the strong influence of surrounding habitat, geographic location, altitude and underlying geology/ground conditions. There is a discernible ‘Bodmin Moor effect’ (decreased abundance and diversity of thermophilic invertebrates with altitude) and a strong ‘Dartmoor effect’ (increased abundance and diversity of thermophilic invertebrates on the A38 east of Dartmoor).
  • Conservation Strategies for Species/Populations Occurring Outside Protected Areas

    Conservation Strategies for Species/Populations Occurring Outside Protected Areas

    ES_CWR_30-11 30/11/10 14:33 Page 253 Chapter 11 Conservation Strategies for Species/Populations Occurring Outside Protected Areas More than 90 per cent of the terrestrial surface of the earth is not covered by any form of protected area category. If this situation does not change, there will be severe loss of biological wealth in the next few decades (Halladay and Gilmour, 1995). Aims and purpose Given that national parks and other conservation areas cover only 12 to 13 per cent of the earth’s surface in total, it is clear that these areas alone will not ensure the survival of species and ecological communities, even without the impacts of accelerated global change. It is crucial, therefore, that lands outside national reserve networks be managed in ways that allow as much biodiversity as possible to be maintained. The in situ conservation of species outside protected areas, where the majority of them occur, is a seriously neglected aspect of biodiversity conservation and in the face of global change it must demand much further atten- tion from governments and conservation agencies.This approach is also known as off-reserve management (Hale and Lamb, 1997). This approach should also be seen within the context of integrating protected areas within wider landscapes, seascapes and natural resource policies (Ervin et al, 2010), one of the benefits being to achieve additional conservation benefits outside of protected areas (Box 11.1). Other reasons for paying more attention to the conservation of resources in land outside protected areas are given by Torquebiau and Taylor (2009): • Farming and land management practices strongly influence available natural resources and biodiversity.
  • Sustainable Forest Management Policy

    Sustainable Forest Management Policy

    SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT POLICY DIVISION OF FORESTRY MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT & TOURISM S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 8 TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 - Introduction 02 - Definition of Forest and Sustainable Forest Management 02 - Development of Palau's Sustainable Forest Management Policy 03 - Use of Palau's Sustainable Forest Management Policy (SFM) 04 - Linkages with Other Relevant Policies, Strategies, and Plans 07 - Broad Policy Description 07 - Vision 08 - Policy Goal 08 - Guiding Principles 09 - Sustainable Forest Management Policy Objectives, Outcomes, Directives and Indicators 10 - Focal Area 1 12 - Focal Area 2 14 - Focal Area 3 18 - Implementation Arrangement for Sustainable Forest Management 18 - Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Strategy 19 - Sustainable Forest Management Policy Review 19 - The Nature and Extent of Palau's Forest Resources 20 - Palau Forest Types 26 - Pressure on Palau's Forest 27 - Palau Forest Situation Analysis Conceptual Model 28 - Acronyms 29 - References INTRODUCTION The Republic of Palau values the contribution of forest ecosystems to the social, economic and environmental wellbeing of its citizens. Forests contribute to the national wellbeing by controlling soil erosion, improving soil fertility and regulating water flow. It contributes to the national economy through the production of wood for artisan crafts and construction. Forest contribution to the economy also includes its recreational value to terrestrial tourism enterprises. Finally, forests enable the Palauan culture to flourish its value as a repository of culturally significant plant resources. The continued use of these forest resources as medicines, traditional building materials and crafts facilitates the maintenance and dissemination of Palauan traditional ecological knowledge.
  • ' Victoria's Biodiversity: – Directions in Management'

    ' Victoria's Biodiversity: – Directions in Management'

    ' Victoria's Biodiversity: – Directions in Management' _ Crown (State of Victoria) 1997 Copyright in photographs and fine art remains with the photographers and artists unless otherwise stated Published by the Department of Natural Resources and Environment 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne 3002, Victoria This document in conjunction with 'Victoria's Biodiversity — Our Living Wealth' and 'Victoria's Biodiversity — Sustaining Our Living Wealth' comprise the Strategy required under Section 17 of the 'Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act' 1988. Produced by the Secretary, Department of Natural Resources and Environment. This publication is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for private study, research, criticism or review allowed under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright holder. ISBN 0 7306 6763 4 Project co-ordination — David Meagher Design & production — O2 Design Film & printing — D & D Printing Printed on recycled paper to help conserve our natural environment 2 Victorian Biodiversity in the Year 2020: A History of the Future Throughout the world, Victoria has been recognised for over a decade as the premier state in Australia for the protection and enhancement of its biodiversity assets. It has the nation's most comprehensive reserve system forming the cornerstone for the sustainable use of Victoria's terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. In 2020, these 'jewels in Victoria's crown' are highly valued by the local community and international visitors. As our understanding of the biodiversity of Victoria increased many 'conservation' issues were resolved because there was an increased awareness of what each component added to the health of the environment.
  • Review of Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and National Parks 2015

    Review of Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and National Parks 2015

    National Landscapes: Realising their Potential The Review of Designated Landscapes in Wales Final Report Professor Terry Marsden John Lloyd-Jones Dr Ruth Williams 31 July 2015 Map 1: The Statutory Designated Landscapes of Wales 2 Contents Chair’s Foreword………………………………………………………………………. 4 Executive Summary and Recommendations………………………………………. 7 Chapter 1. Introduction………………………………………………………….. 27 Chapter 2. How We Evidenced Stage Two…………………………………… 31 Chapter 3. Responses to the Call for Evidence………………………………. 35 Chapter 4. A Changing Context for the Designated Landscapes in Wales... 37 Chapter 5. The Existing Model of Designated Landscape Governance in… 55 Wales Chapter 6. The Principles and Purposes of Wales’ Designated……………. 103 Landscapes Chapter 7. A Vision for the National Landscapes of Wales…………………. 113 Chapter 8. A New Framework for the Governance of Wales’ National…….. 129 Landscapes Appendix Appendix i. The Review of Designated Landscapes in Wales………………. 166 Stage One Recommendations Appendix ii. Stage Two Call for Evidence Contributions……………………… 170 Appendix iii. Stage Two Evidence Gathering Sessions……………………….. 172 Appendix iv. Case Studies………………………………………………………… 176 Appendix v. Bibliography…………………………………………………………. 227 Appendix vi. National Park Management Plan…………………………………. 235 and State Of the Park Report Indicators Appendix vii. Finance Flow Diagram……………………………………………… 242 Appendix viii Governance of Contracts Flow Diagram…………………………. 243 Appendix ix. Planning Development Management Flow Diagram……………. 244 Appendix x. Planning Enforcement Flow Diagram…………………………….. 245 3 Chair’s Foreword Over the past year I along with panel members Dr Ruth Williams and John Lloyd Jones have been working for the Minister for Natural Resources to undertake an independent review of the Designated Landscapes of Wales. The Minister wants to “‘ensure that our designated landscapes are best equipped to meet current and future challenges while building upon their internationally recognised status”.
  • Forest Management Guide for Boreal Landscapes

    Forest Management Guide for Boreal Landscapes

    Forest Management Guide for Boreal Landscapes 2014 Cette publication spécialisée n’est disponible qu’en anglais en vertu du Règlement 411/10, qui en exempte l’application de la Loi sur les services en français. Forest Management Guide for Boreal Landscapes 2014, Queen’s Printer for Ontario Printed in Ontario, Canada Publications and price lists are available from this office: ServiceOntario Publications 300 Water Street P.O. Box 7000 Peterborough, ON K9J 8M5 1-800-668-9938 www.serviceontario.ca/publications Telephone inquiries should be directed to the Service Ontario Contact Centre: General Inquiry 1-800-668-9938 Renseignements en Français 1-800-667-1840 FAX (705) 755-1677 Other government publications are available from: ServiceOntario Publications, Market level (lower), 777 Bay St., Toronto Visit the Ontario’s Forests website at: http://www.ontario.ca/forests Visit the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources website at: http://www.ontario.ca/mnr Cover photos provided by: Ted Armstrong, Phil Elkie, Lindsay MacLean and Kevin Ride. How to cite this manual: OMNR. March 2014. Forest Management Guide for Boreal Landscapes. Toronto: Queen’s Printer for Ontario. 104 pp. MNR Number: 62826 (Print) MNR Number: 62827 (PDF) ISBN: 978-1-4606-3670-1 (Print) ISBN: 978-1-4606-3671-8 (PDF) Forest Management Guide for Boreal Landscapes Table of Contents List of Figures..................................................................................................................................v List of Tables..................................................................................................................................vii
  • Mitchell Shire Council

    Mitchell Shire Council

    ORDINARY COUNCIL MEETING UNDER SEPARATE COVER ATTACHMENTS 21 MARCH 2016 MITCHELL SHIRE COUNCIL Council Meeting Attachment ENGINEERING AND INFRASTRUCTURE 21 MARCH 2016 9.1 DRAFT RURAL ROADSIDE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 2016-2026 Attachment No: 1 Draft Rural Roadside Environmental Management Plan 2016-2026 MITCHELL SHIRE COUNCIL Page 1 Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Aim .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Objectives ............................................................................................................................................... 5 Council’s Responsibility for Roadsides .................................................................................................... 5 Scope ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 What is a Roadside? ............................................................................................................................ 6 The Maintenance Envelope ................................................................................................................ 6 VicRoads Controlled Roads ................................................................................................................
  • On the Authenticity of De-Extinct Organisms, and the Genesis Argument Douglas Campbell University of Canterbury, New Zealand

    On the Authenticity of De-Extinct Organisms, and the Genesis Argument Douglas Campbell University of Canterbury, New Zealand

    Animal Studies Journal Volume 6 | Number 1 Article 5 2017 On the Authenticity of De-extinct Organisms, and the Genesis Argument Douglas Campbell University of Canterbury, New Zealand Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/asj Part of the Art and Design Commons, Australian Studies Commons, Creative Writing Commons, Digital Humanities Commons, Education Commons, Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, Film and Media Studies Commons, Fine Arts Commons, Philosophy Commons, Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons, and the Theatre and Performance Studies Commons Recommended Citation Campbell, Douglas, On the Authenticity of De-extinct Organisms, and the Genesis Argument, Animal Studies Journal, 6(1), 2017, 61-79. Available at:https://ro.uow.edu.au/asj/vol6/iss1/5 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] On the Authenticity of De-extinct Organisms, and the Genesis Argument Abstract Are the methods of synthetic biology capable of recreating authentic living members of an extinct species? An analogy with the restoration of destroyed natural landscapes suggests not. The er stored version of a natural landscape will typically lack much of the aesthetic value of the original landscape because of the different historical processes that created it – processes that involved human intentions and actions, rather than natural forces acting over millennia. By the same token, it would appear that synthetically recreated versions of extinct natural organisms will also be less aesthetically valuable than the originals; that they will be, in some strong sense, ‘inauthentic’, because of their peculiar history and mode of origin.
  • Ecology-Based Landscape Planning and Management

    Ecology-Based Landscape Planning and Management

    Synthesis Ecology-Based Landscape Planning and Management Thomas R. Crow 1 The Three Faces of Sustainability The words "sustain" or "sustainable" are commonly found in the mission statements of resource management agencies. The mission of the USDA Forest Service, for example, is to "sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the Nation's forests and grasslands to meet the needs of present and future generations." Sustaining the health, diversity, and productivity of a resource has certain fundamental require- ments (Thayer 1989; Fedkiw et al. 2004). They start with a commitment to manage land and the water resources for the long term. It requires connecting the people living in the landscape with the natural resources that support their lives. It has to be inclusive of all sectors and functions of society by embracing meaningful civic involvement. And finally, sustaining the health, diversity and productivity of natural resources must create opportunities and preserve choices for people. These require- ments necessitate a comprehensive approach in which economic, environmental, and social sustainability are given equal weight and are considered concurrently. Landscape ecology provides a conceptual as well as an operational framework for considering the three faces of sustainability. 2 Moving from Concept to Practice The five chapters in this section support moving from concept to practice. Practic- ing sustainability within the context of landscapes is the unifying theme among the chapters. Each chapter illustrates the utility of a landscape perspective for considering sustainabilityin a variety of social and environmental settings. In Chapter 14, Azevedo et al. evaluated the changes in landscape structure and function that occur due to the application of a forest certification program, the Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI), in Texas, USA.
  • FSC's Contribution to Forest Restoration

    FSC's Contribution to Forest Restoration

    Forest Stewardship Council® FSC® International December 2017 FSC’S CONTRIBUTION TO FOREST RESTORATION Forest Restoration – FSC is on board! Although the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is well known for promoting sustainable forest management, it is less known for forest (and landscape) restoration. FSC certification means that in spite of forest management interventions forests remain for generations to come, and that their ecological functioning is maintained. Therefore FSC’s biggest contribution is in preventing the need for forest restoration. FSC certification is also being used in forest restoration projects. In addition, restoration has become an explicit objective in the revised FSC Principles & Criteria for Forest Stewardship (Version 5, 2012), in a number of ways. FSC certification plays a role in achieving the ambitious targets set by the Bonn Challenge on forest restoration, particularly to move from commitments to reality. It has therefore joined the Global Partnership on Forest and Landscape Restoration and is keen to work with the other organizations in this partnership for concrete results. FSC also offers a practical tool that contributes to successful restoration of former forest lands that are not yet certified. Successful stakeholder engagement procedures and practices developed by FSC can help make forest restoration a success by effectively engaging local communities. Moreover, the commitment of reforestation projects to FSC certification can trigger investments and provide a better economic perspective. The FSC perception of forest restoration FSC’s perception of forest restoration is pragmatic. We are not necessarily aiming for restoration into the original, virgin ecosystems as they existed before human intervention. Ongoing pressures due to population growth, in particular where forests are most under threat, and even faster growth of demand for resources, create increasing competition for land and natural resource uses.
  • Catoctin Mountain Scenic Byway Plan

    Catoctin Mountain Scenic Byway Plan

    Corridor Management Plan for the US 15 Catoctin Mountain Scenic Byway April 2004 Prepared for: Prepared by: Frederick County, Maryland Lardner/Klein Landscape Architects, P.C. as part of in association with the State of Maryland Scenic Byway Program Daniel Consultants, Inc. John Milner Associates Bay Area Economics Watson Heritage Strategies Shelley Mastran Advisory Committee Marcel Aillery, Carollton Manor Land Trust Sister Joan Angermari, St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Shrine Robert Black, Catoctin Mountain Orchard Nancy Bodmer, President, Carrollton Manor Land Trust Don Briggs, President, Emmitsburg Business & Professional Association G. Bernard Callan, Jr., Fredrick County Historic Preservation Commission Sam Castleman, Resident Joy Clem, Resident Colin Clevenger, Curator, Children’s Museum of Rose Hill Manor Ray Compton, Frederick County Historic Trust John Concannon, Maryland State Highway Administration District 7 Dean Considine, Central Maryland Heritage League Judy Crum, Resident, Frederick County *Janet Davis, Frederick County Division of Planning Tim Davis, City of Frederick Jennifer Dougherty, Mayor, City of Frederick Dale Dowling, Architectural & Cultural Historian Sister Carol Durkin, St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Shrine Cynthia Ecker, Park Manager, Cunningham Falls State Park Richard Fairley, Headmaster, Director Of Development, Prospect Hall Mansion Doug Faris, Superintendent, C&O Canal National Hisotrical Park *John Fieseler, Executive Director, Tourism Council of Frederick County, Inc. Dean Fitzgerald, President, Frederick County
  • Wildlife Corridors 15 15

    Wildlife Corridors 15 15

    NORTH EAST NEW SOUTH WALES Wildlife Corridors 15 15 What are wildlife corridors? pollination of plants and other natural functions required for ecosystem health. A wildlife corridor is a link of wildlife The likely result is severe biodiversity habitat, generally native vegetation, which decline and local extinction of sensitive joins two or more larger areas of similar species. wildlife habitat. Corridors are critical for NOTE the maintenance of ecological processes Corridors play an extremely important role NOTE including allowing for the movement of in the maintenance of biodiversity, but they animals and the continuation of viable can only partly compensate for the overall populations. habitat loss produced by the fragmentation of the natural landscape. It is important, By providing landscape connections therefore, that vegetation remnants and between larger areas of habitat, corridors vegetated corridors are maintained and enable migration, colonisation and enhanced as a network across all lands interbreeding of plants and animals. both private and public. In this way private Corridors can consist of a sequence of landscapes can contribute to wider stepping stones across the landscape landscape conservation efforts by (discontinuous areas of habitat such as enhancing and linking existing reserves paddock trees, wetlands and roadside and conservation networks. vegetation), continuous lineal strips of vegetation and habitat (such as riparian NPWS Geoff Biddle/ strips, ridge lines etc.), or they maybe parts of a larger habitat area selected for its known or likely importance to local fauna. Why are corridors important? Habitat loss and fragmentation are the two main contributors to continuing biodiversity Aerial photograph showing the importance decline across the landscape.