Taxonomy of XML Schema Languages Using Formal Language Theory
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XML a New Web Site Architecture
XML A New Web Site Architecture Jim Costello Derek Werthmuller Darshana Apte Center for Technology in Government University at Albany, SUNY 1535 Western Avenue Albany, NY 12203 Phone: (518) 442-3892 Fax: (518) 442-3886 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.ctg.albany.edu September 2002 © 2002 Center for Technology in Government The Center grants permission to reprint this document provided this cover page is included. Table of Contents XML: A New Web Site Architecture .......................................................................................................................... 1 A Better Way? ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Defining the Problem.............................................................................................................................................. 1 Partial Solutions ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 Addressing the Root Problems .............................................................................................................................. 2 Figure 1. Sample XML file (all code simplified for example) ...................................................................... 4 Figure 2. Sample XSL File (all code simplified for example) ....................................................................... 6 Figure 3. Formatted Page Produced -
Regular Description of Context-Free Graph Languages
Regular Description of ContextFree Graph Languages Jo ost Engelfriet and Vincent van Oostrom Department of Computer Science Leiden University POBox RA Leiden The Netherlands email engelfriwileidenunivnl Abstract A set of lab eled graphs can b e dened by a regular tree language and one regular string language for each p ossible edge lab el as follows For each tree t from the regular tree language the graph g r t has the same no des as t with the same lab els and there is an edge with lab el from no de x to no de y if the string of lab els of the no des on the shortest path from x to y in t b elongs to the regular string language for Slightly generalizing this denition scheme we allow g r t to have only those no des of t that have certain lab els and we allow a relab eling of these no des It is shown that in this way exactly the class of CedNCE graph languages generated by CedNCE graph grammars is obtained one of the largest known classes of contextfree graph languages Introduction There are many kinds of contextfree graph grammars see eg ENRR EKR Some are no de rewriting and others are edge rewriting In b oth cases a pro duc tion of the grammar is of the form X D C Application of such a pro duction to a lab eled graph H consists of removing a no de or edge lab eled X from H replacing it by the graph D and connecting D to the remainder of H accord ing to the embedding pro cedure C Since these grammars are contextfree in the sense that one no de or edge is replaced their derivations can b e mo d eled by derivation trees as -
Techniques for Authoring Complex XML Documents Vincent Quint, Irène Vatton
Techniques for Authoring Complex XML Documents Vincent Quint, Irène Vatton To cite this version: Vincent Quint, Irène Vatton. Techniques for Authoring Complex XML Documents. Proceedings of the 2004 ACM symposium on Document Engineering, DocEng 2004, Oct 2004, MilWaukee, WI, United States. pp.115-123, 10.1145/1030397.1030422. inria-00423365 HAL Id: inria-00423365 https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00423365 Submitted on 9 Oct 2009 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Techniques for Authoring Complex XML Documents Vincent Quint Irene` Vatton INRIA Rhone-Alpesˆ INRIA Rhone-Alpesˆ 655 avenue de l’Europe 655 avenue de l’Europe 38334 Saint Ismier Cedex, France 38334 Saint Ismier Cedex, France [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION This paper reviews the main innovations of XML and con- Authoring techniques for structured documents consti- siders their impact on the editing techniques for structured tuted an active research area during the second half of the documents. Namespaces open the way to compound docu- 80’s and the early 90’s [10]. Several experimental systems ments; well-formedness brings more freedom in the editing such as Grif [7] and Rita [6] were developed and a few pro- task; CSS allows style to be associated easily with structured duction tools resulted from that work. -
A Wiki-Based Authoring Tool for Collaborative Development of Multimedial Documents
MEDIA2MULT – A WIKI-BASED AUTHORING TOOL FOR COLLABORATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIMEDIAL DOCUMENTS Author Name * Affiliation * Address * Author Name * Affiliation * Address * * Only for Final Camera-Ready Submission ABSTRACT media2mult is an extension for PmWiki developed at our university. It provides functionality for embedding various media files and script languages in wiki pages. Furthermore media2mult comes with a cross media publishing component that allows to convert arbitrary wiki page sequences to print-oriented formats like PDF. This article gives an overview over the offered extensions, their functionality and implementation concepts. KEYWORDS wiki, multimedia, cross-media-publishing, authoring tool, XML 1. INTRODUCTION At least since the founding of the free web encyclopedia Wikipedia and its increasing popularity wiki web , wiki-wiki or just wiki are widely known terms in context of Web 2.0. However, their exact meaning often remains unclear. Sometimes wiki and Wikipedia are actually used synonymously. The crucial functionality of every wiki system is the possibility to edit wiki web pages directly inside a browser by entering an easy to learn markup language. Thus, manual uploads of previously edited HTML files are superfluous here. The user doesn't even have to know anything about HTML or external HTML editors. The browser- and server-based concept makes it possible that several authors can edit and revise common documents without the necessity of exchanging independently written and updated versions. Because most wiki systems offer an integrated version management system, authors can easily merge their changes and revert selected passages to former stages. Thus, accidentally or deliberately applied changes of protected or publicly accessible wiki pages can be taken back in a second. -
Weighted Regular Tree Grammars with Storage
Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science DMTCS vol. 20:1, 2018, #26 Weighted Regular Tree Grammars with Storage 1 2 2 Zoltan´ Ful¨ op¨ ∗ Luisa Herrmann † Heiko Vogler 1 Department of Foundations of Computer Science, University of Szeged, Hungary 2 Faculty of Computer Science, Technische Universitat¨ Dresden, Germany received 19th May 2017, revised 11th June 2018, accepted 22nd June 2018. We introduce weighted regular tree grammars with storage as combination of (a) regular tree grammars with storage and (b) weighted tree automata over multioperator monoids. Each weighted regular tree grammar with storage gen- erates a weighted tree language, which is a mapping from the set of trees to the multioperator monoid. We prove that, for multioperator monoids canonically associated to particular strong bimonoids, the support of the generated weighted tree languages can be generated by (unweighted) regular tree grammars with storage. We characterize the class of all generated weighted tree languages by the composition of three basic concepts. Moreover, we prove results on the elimination of chain rules and of finite storage types, and we characterize weighted regular tree grammars with storage by a new weighted MSO-logic. Keywords: regular tree grammars, weighted tree automata, multioperator monoids, storage types, weighted MSO- logic 1 Introduction In automata theory, weighted string automata with storage are a very recent topic of research [HV15, HV16, VDH16]. This model generalizes finite-state string automata in two directions. On the one hand, it is based on the concept of “sequential program + machine”, which Scott [Sco67] proposed in order to har- monize the wealth of upcoming automaton models. -
Using Tree Automata and Regular Expressions to Manipulate
Using Tree Automata and Regular Expressions to Manipulate Hierarchically Structured Data Nikita Schmidt and Ahmed Patel University College Dublin∗ Abstract Information, stored or transmitted in digital form, is often structured. Individual data records are usually represented as hierarchies of their elements. Together, records form larger structures. Information processing applications have to take account of this structuring, which assigns different semantics to different data elements or records. Big variety of structural schemata in use today often requires much flexibility from applications—for example, to process information coming from different sources. To ensure application interoperability, translators are needed that can convert one structure into another. This paper puts forward a formal data model aimed at supporting hierarchical data pro- cessing in a simple and flexible way. The model is based on and extends results of two classical theories, studying finite string and tree automata. The concept of finite automata and regular languages is applied to the case of arbitrarily structured tree-like hierarchical data records, represented as “structured strings.” These automata are compared with classical string and tree automata; the model is shown to be a superset of the classical models. Regular grammars and expressions over structured strings are introduced. Regular expression matching and substitution has been widely used for efficient unstruc- tured text processing; the model described here brings the power of this proven technique to applications that deal with information trees. A simple generic alternative is offered to replace today’s specialised ad-hoc approaches. The model unifies structural and content transforma- tions, providing applications with a single data type. -
Tree Automata Techniques and Applications
Tree Automata Techniques and Applications Hubert Comon Max Dauchet Remi´ Gilleron Florent Jacquemard Denis Lugiez Sophie Tison Marc Tommasi Contents Introduction 7 Preliminaries 11 1 Recognizable Tree Languages and Finite Tree Automata 13 1.1 Finite Tree Automata . 14 1.2 The pumping Lemma for Recognizable Tree Languages . 22 1.3 Closure Properties of Recognizable Tree Languages . 23 1.4 Tree homomorphisms . 24 1.5 Minimizing Tree Automata . 29 1.6 Top Down Tree Automata . 31 1.7 Decision problems and their complexity . 32 1.8 Exercises . 35 1.9 Bibliographic Notes . 38 2 Regular grammars and regular expressions 41 2.1 Tree Grammar . 41 2.1.1 Definitions . 41 2.1.2 Regular tree grammar and recognizable tree languages . 44 2.2 Regular expressions. Kleene’s theorem for tree languages. 44 2.2.1 Substitution and iteration . 45 2.2.2 Regular expressions and regular tree languages. 48 2.3 Regular equations. 51 2.4 Context-free word languages and regular tree languages . 53 2.5 Beyond regular tree languages: context-free tree languages . 56 2.5.1 Context-free tree languages . 56 2.5.2 IO and OI tree grammars . 57 2.6 Exercises . 58 2.7 Bibliographic notes . 61 3 Automata and n-ary relations 63 3.1 Introduction . 63 3.2 Automata on tuples of finite trees . 65 3.2.1 Three notions of recognizability . 65 3.2.2 Examples of the three notions of recognizability . 67 3.2.3 Comparisons between the three classes . 69 3.2.4 Closure properties for Rec£ and Rec; cylindrification and projection . -
Iso/Iec 19757-8:2008(E)
This is a previewINTERNATIONAL - click here to buy the full publication ISO/IEC STANDARD 19757-8 First edition 2008-12-15 Information technology — Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL) — Part 8: Document Semantics Renaming Language (DSRL) Technologies de l'information — Langages de définition de schéma de documents (DSDL) — Partie 8: Langage pour renommer une sémantique de documents (DSRL) Reference number ISO/IEC 19757-8:2008(E) © ISO/IEC 2008 ISO/IEC 19757-8:2008(E) This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. -
Custom XML Attribute
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34/WG 4 N 0050 IS 29500:2008 Defect Report Log Rex Jaeschke (project editor) ([email protected]) 2009-05-27 DRs 08-0001 through 08-0015 DRs 09-0001 through 09-0230 IS 29500:2008 Defect Report Log Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Revision History ................................................................................................................................................................... 3 DR Status at a Glance .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 1. DR 08-0001 — DML, Framework: Removal of ST_PercentageDecimal from the strict schema .............................. 6 2. DR 08-0002 — Primer: Format of ST_PositivePercentage values in strict mode examples .................................... 9 3. DR 08-0003 — DML, Main: Format of ST_PositivePercentage values in strict mode examples ........................... 12 4. DR 08-0004 — DML, Diagrams: Type for prSet attributes ................................................................................... 14 5. DR 08-0005 — PML, Animation: Description of hsl attributes Lightness and Saturation ..................................... 20 6. DR 08-0006 — PML, Animation: Description of rgb attributes Blue, Green and Red ........................................... 22 7. DR 08-0007 — DML, Main: Format -
Information Retrieval of Text, Structure and Sequential Data in Heterogeneous XML Document Collections Eugen Popovici
Information Retrieval of Text, Structure and Sequential Data in Heterogeneous XML Document Collections Eugen Popovici To cite this version: Eugen Popovici. Information Retrieval of Text, Structure and Sequential Data in Heterogeneous XML Document Collections. Computer Science [cs]. Université de Bretagne Sud; Université Européenne de Bretagne, 2008. English. tel-00511981 HAL Id: tel-00511981 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00511981 Submitted on 26 Aug 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THÈSE SOUTENUE DEVANT L’UNIVERSITÉ EUROPÉENNE DE BRETAGNE pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ EUROPÉENNE DE BRETAGNE Mention : SCIENCES ET TECHNOLOGIES DE L’INFORMATION ET DE LA COMMUNICATION par EUGEN-COSTIN POPOVICI Information Retrieval of Text, Structure and Sequential Data in Heterogeneous XML Document Collections Recherche et filtrage d’information multimédia (texte, structure et séquence) dans des collections de documents XML hétérogènes Présentée le 10 janvier 2008 devant la commission d’examen composée de : M. BOUGHANEM Professeur, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III Rapporteur P. GROS Directeur de Recherche, INRIA, Rennes Examinateur M. LALMAS Professeur, Queen Mary University of London Rapporteur P.-F. MARTEAU Professeur, Université de Bretagne-Sud Directeur G. -
Tree Automata
Foundations of XML Types: Tree Automata Pierre Genevès CNRS (slides mostly based on slides by W. Martens and T. Schwentick) University Grenoble Alpes, 2020–2021 1 / 43 Why Tree Automata? • Foundations of XML type languages (DTD, XML Schema, Relax NG...) • Provide a general framework for XML type languages • A tool to define regular tree languages with an operational semantics • Provide algorithms for efficient validation • Basic tool for static analysis (proofs, decision procedures in logic) 2 / 43 Prelude: Word Automata b b a start even odd a Transitions even !a odd odd !a even ... 3 / 43 From Words to Trees: Binary Trees Binary trees with an even number of a’s a a a b a b b How to write transitions? 4 / 43 From Words to Trees: Binary Trees Binary trees with an even number of a’s a even a even a odd b even a odd b even b even How to write transitions? 4 / 43 From Words to Trees: Binary Trees Binary trees with an even number of a’s a even a even a odd b even a odd b even b even How to write transitions? (even; odd) !a even (even; even) !a odd etc: 4 / 43 Ranked Trees? They come from parse trees of data (or programs)... A function call f (a; b) is a ranked tree f a b 5 / 43 Ranked Trees? They come from parse trees of data (or programs)... A function call f (g(a; b; c); h(i)) is a ranked tree f g h a b c i 5 / 43 Ranked Alphabet A ranked alphabet symbol is: • a formalisation of a function call • a symbol a with an integer arity(a) • arity(a) indicates the number of children of a Notation a(k): symbol a with arity(a)= k 6 / 43 Example Alphabet: -
Personal Knowledge Models with Semantic Technologies
Max Völkel Personal Knowledge Models with Semantic Technologies Personal Knowledge Models with Semantic Technologies Max Völkel 2 Bibliografische Information Detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://pkm. xam.de abrufbar. Covergestaltung: Stefanie Miller Herstellung und Verlag: Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt c 2010 Max Völkel, Ritterstr. 6, 76133 Karlsruhe This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Fran- cisco, California, 94105, USA. Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Wirtschaftswis- senschaften (Dr. rer. pol.) von der Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaften des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie (KIT) genehmigte Dissertation von Dipl.-Inform. Max Völkel. Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 14. Juli 2010 Referent: Prof. Dr. Rudi Studer Koreferent: Prof. Dr. Klaus Tochtermann Prüfer: Prof. Dr. Gerhard Satzger Vorsitzende der Prüfungskommission: Prof. Dr. Christine Harbring Abstract Following the ideas of Vannevar Bush (1945) and Douglas Engelbart (1963), this thesis explores how computers can help humans to be more intelligent. More precisely, the idea is to reduce limitations of cognitive processes with the help of knowledge cues, which are external reminders about previously experienced internal knowledge. A knowledge cue is any kind of symbol, pattern or artefact, created with the intent to be used by its creator, to re- evoke a previously experienced mental state, when used. The main processes in creating, managing and using knowledge cues are analysed. Based on the resulting knowledge cue life-cycle, an economic analysis of costs and benefits in Personal Knowledge Management (PKM) processes is performed.